In European open spaces (especially in Germany), houses with shed roof, whereas in our country this option is considered more acceptable for outbuildings. The system with a slight slope is structurally simple.
Advantages and disadvantages
The fashion for flat roofs appeared in the middle of the last century and became an expression of the desire for simplicity and functionality. Lack of pretentiousness, elegance and style are one of the advantages. Other positive features are also characteristic:
A single slope roof provides ample design space. If it is completely flat, an observation deck, a gazebo, a summer garden, and a place for sunbathing will be equipped on it. The installation idea is very productive solar panels and collectors for water heating. WITH front side building on the slope, it is appropriate to install a large window: it not only serves as a source of daylight, but also visually makes the room more spacious.
If you want to make the cottage more attractive, you need to add decorative architectural elements to the project, pay attention colors exterior decoration... For the same purpose, as well as for the manufacture of a completely sealed system, high-quality materials should be purchased and instructed assembly work specialists.
Shed roofs are used not only for a small summer cottage, but also for high-tech buildings, large cottages, multi-storey buildings.
Since the snow load will be greater than in the presence of several slopes, it is important to accurately calculate the angle of inclination and the cross-section of the supporting elements - otherwise the structure will simply collapse under a multi-ton mass of snow. This is especially true of a large house designed for the northern region.
When choosing a project, pay attention to the fact that all buildings with a pitched roof are divided into two large groups:
Descriptions of popular construction options:
1. One-story.
2. Two-story.
The project is chosen depending on the number of residents, budget, style of construction. It could be a minimalist wooden cottage with an attic. The upper floor has a different level of heights - where it drops to a minimum, they equip a pantry. The second option is to place the bedrooms on the second tier and install the beds with their headboards towards the lowering of the ceiling.
A house with a pitched roof, consisting of two floors, is built from aerated concrete blocks, making floors from reinforced concrete slabs, and the foundation from powerful monolithic reinforced concrete. To diversify the finish, combine brick and tile finishes with wood imitation. On the ground floor there is a dining room, kitchen, hall, toilet, garage. Bedrooms are arranged in the upper part, a balcony is attached to the side.
3. High-tech cottage.
The foundation is a one-piece reinforced concrete slab, the walls are made of aerated concrete. A flat or pitched roof can be made of concrete, protected with a waterproofing film, and then laid with mineral wool insulation. The top is covered with roll material.
The house with an area of about 100 m2, built in high-tech style, consists of a bedroom, a kitchen-dining room and a living room combined with it. From the latter, exit to summer veranda: these rooms are separated by a sliding glass door that expands the space. There is space for a fireplace and a garage.
High-tech houses are characterized by the use of glass and metal as decoration. The design is carried out taking into account these features: large windows, metal gutters, steel shutters, glazed doors, transparent partitions. Even a roof can be made of glass.
In addition to glass and metal decor, elements of wood and textured plaster are used. Next to the modern building, there is a tiled recreation area and a swimming pool.
Any construction ends with the construction of a roof. It should be noted that along with strength and reliability, the aesthetic criterion when choosing a roof type is not in the last place. A modern one-storey house with a pitched roof has an original and recognizable appearance and gives its owners the opportunity to make the most of its interior space.
Roof for such houses - lean-to, and it rests on walls that have different heights. A house with a pitched roof is often small. Although the rafter system at its roof is quite light, but with large spans, the weight of the structure increases - and this is reflected in its strength. The problem can be solved if the additional support elements are correctly calculated and installed.
It is recommended to equip a one-story house with a pitched roof with stone curbs that protect the roof from being blown away by the wind. Only the drainage part of the roof practically remains open, while the other three are, as it were, inside the building, reliably protected by curbs. From above, the curbs must be covered, for example, with galvanized iron to protect the walls from atmospheric precipitation, and, therefore, from dampness and mold, which gradually destroy the walls.
It is the most accessible for both design and installation. But its basic parameters, primarily the angle of inclination, must be calculated as accurately as possible. Otherwise, the roof may be damaged in winter from snow load and even on its own weight.
The tilt angle can range from 5-60 °. At lower angles, the rafter legs will bend too much and, accordingly, will not be able to withstand the load. The height of the back wall of the house is actually determined based on the angle of inclination.
The slope of the roof also depends on the materials planned for the roof deck. Minimum slope for roll materials is 5 °, slate - 35 °, etc. The smaller the angle of inclination, the less windage of the roof and the more its efficiency. But such a roof must be waterproofed as much as possible, and in winter it must be constantly cleaned of accumulated snow.
Greatest width one-storey house with a pitched roof depends on whether it has internal load-bearing walls and additional support elements. For simplest design it is equal to 4.5 m, but if there is interior walls the width can be increased to 16 m and more.
The pitched roof has many undoubted advantages, among which are:
The rafters are the frame through which the weight of the roof is distributed over the internal supports and walls. Its design depends on the location attic floors, internal supports, the size of the span, etc. On top of the rafters, the lathing of the pitched roof is laid, and even higher is the roof itself.
Read also: shed roof rafter system: technological nuances when assembling.
The rafters are calculated according to the following limit states:
On a note
If one of the parameters does not meet the regulatory requirements, it will be necessary to increase either the cross-section of the rafters or their number.
Wooden rafters are attached in this order:
Metal rafters are attached in several ways:
For the construction of houses of this type, the following methods and technology are used:
Best suited for its construction.
Realized projects of houses with pitched roofs or roofs with several pitches at different levels are becoming popular. Modern technologies open up to designers, architects the most daring and original solutions.
A flat roof for private houses looks unusual in our country. More often we see them in foreign films with actions taking place in the southern countries of the New World. Or in southern Europe, such as the Balkans, where flat reds are popular tiled roofs... For us, the reason for the low popularity lies in the harsher climate. Heavy snow cover requires a solid roof and conditions for the snow crust to slide down, which has not reached a large mass.
For these reasons, a pitched roof is not used as often as a traditional gable or hipped roof.
However, the benefit from the use of pitched roofs is undeniable, and therefore the number of customers is gradually increasing. The list of advantages of this solution is convincing:
The disadvantages of a pitched roof are obvious only in case of unsuccessful design, construction and relate to the appearance, the danger of overloading from the snow cover and the need for high-quality waterproofing.
Currently, design and construction companies offered different variants the use of pitched roofs or roofs with several pitches located at different levels and in different planes. It is safe to say that in this variety you can always find a solution that will suit the most demanding customer.
When designing this type of house, some technical and regulatory aspects should be analyzed. Unlike houses with gable roof the wind resistance of the single-pitched version is higher. However, if the designers propose a continuation of the roof in the form of a canopy over a veranda or over a parking lot, then such a solution requires careful calculations. The additional open roof area dramatically increases windage and can cause damage. Therefore, it is important to provide additional fasteners in the form of reinforced racks or additional beams.
Homes with one pitched roof are usually of medium size and small in size. When designing them, you should pay attention to rational use useful space. Due to the uneven height of the ceilings, the highest rooms should be reserved for common rooms and living rooms. Rooms with lower ceilings can be allocated for bedrooms and auxiliary rooms.
For example, let's take a project country house, originally inscribed in the surrounding landscape. Such a house is a harmonious and practical solution... One roof made of wood over everything interior space home gives it a natural, natural view.
Large overhangs of the roof do not pose a risk of destruction, since the surrounding trees reliably protect the house from the wind The practicality of using different room heights is almost perfect here. The staircase, terrace and large slope-side windows provide additional visibility, as well as space for the hallway and utility compartments under the top of the roof. The reliability of the roof attachment is provided by additional reactive supports. Warmth, coziness and a realized dream emanate from such a house.
The design of this log house in nature is unpretentious, but very harmonious. An impeccable place for family holidays, fishing and hunting. And not only in the summer, since a house made of timber can be heated quite quickly in winter, turning it into a warm and cozy place for spending leisure time. The pitched roof provides the possibility of arranging additional camping berths. The terrace and summer terrace can become a comfortable place for relatives and friends without special expenses. A canopy or tent will quickly turn it into a comfortable overnight camp.
A pitched roof successfully crowns an elegant house on the shore of a reservoir, which can be used for living when fishing or hunting. Houses from ordinary logs are traditionally built with a gable roof. However, now it is not uncommon for cases when the version of a pitched roof is also used.
A log house with two pitched roofs is quite suitable for year-round residence A log house with a lean-to roof is ideal for a bathhouse The roof slope can have a wavy shape
A pitched roof with its inherent lack of incompleteness is radically transformed in a solution with several slopes at different levels. Separate blocks of the house, garage or terrace perfectly balance appearance, giving it a complete and harmonious look. At the same time, all the practical advantages of a pitched roof are retained.
The auxiliary garage roof with an oppositely oriented slope successfully compensates for the height of the main house
If all buildings on the site have the same roofs, it looks stylish and rather peculiar.
Large single-pitched roof with a minimum slope angle allows the most efficient use of the space on the second floor
The originality of such a project is achieved due to the multidirectional planes of pitched roofs
It is convenient to build a country house with a pitched roof on an inclined site. At the same time, the natural slope can be practically used to reduce costs by fitting part of the living space into the existing relief. Such a "dugout" for utility rooms is practically useful: it is cool in summer, warm in winter. The large glass-walled terrace provides an excellent view of the open landscape.
In the part of the house, located on the slope, utility rooms are successfully located, in which a comfortable climate is always created The sloping roof is gradually becoming familiar to the buildings of the for various purposes from summer country houses for seasonal living to all sorts of outbuildings. This roof structure is well suited for the installation and maintenance of solar cells. The high cost of energy and its shortage makes any alternative energy supply solutions a priority. This is one of the reasons that many cannot afford to live in green areas due to the high cost of heating.
A sloped shed roof for a greenhouse is a good solution to minimize the money spent on its construction. Since such structures are often made on their own, it is recommended to correctly design them in terms of strength and efficiency. Excessive requirements for strength can lead to an unjustified rise in the cost of the object. At the same time, insufficient strength can cause destruction from the wind or from the load of the snow cover.
At correct calculation the height and slope of the greenhouse roof, snow can be easily removed from it The most common use of pitched roofs in the construction of various economic structures, sheds, poultry houses. When using a log for the construction of a barn, the construction of a strong foundation is not required, given the low weight of the tree. The issue of ensuring tightness in order to exclude the penetration of rodents is a topical issue. For this, the joints of the walls and the roof must be connected with minimal gaps, and buried masonry made of special bricks can be used as a foundation.
Sheds made of blocks with a pitched roof are equipped with strong beams to prevent destruction from the wind. Fastening to such beams allows you to evenly distribute the load on the walls.
For outbuildings, the use of pitched roofs is the most common option. The design of houses with a pitched roof has a number of technical and architectural features. If you take them into account correctly, the result will be of high quality. It is also important to follow all the necessary rules for the operation of the roof. Here are some of these features and rules:
When designing shed roofs, the initial data for calculations are the following information:
The most important point when designing a single-pitched roof, it is the choice of the version of the rafter system. The type of trusses and the number of spacers are determined by the distance between the walls of the house.
The design of the rafter system is determined by the length of the building span Any roofing material can be used as a covering for a pitched roof. Appropriate changes are made to the roof structure depending on the planned coverage. This applies to the lathing scheme, dimensions and strength of the materials used.
Shed roofs, roofs with several sloping slopes at different levels, awnings open up many rational options when designing a home. Modern durable materials allow you to implement the most original design solutions. These and other factors make it possible to increase the number of developers opting for pitched roofs.
Inspired by the landscapes of Finland and buildings that harmoniously fit into its rocky landscape, we decided to create a project with a European vision.
A distinctive feature of our country house is a pitched roof. Now it is difficult to say with complete certainty where this constructive solution came from, but the simplicity and functionality of such a roof makes the buildings interesting both from an architectural point of view, and from a constructive one.
These are probably not all the advantages of a pitched roof. I think each of you will mark many more winning moments for yourself.
Now let's get back to our project. The house is designed to be small in size, it is perfect for a summer residence and a garden. Let's look at the layout.
Terrace - 16 square meters in area. If desired, it can be increased, made open and, for example, partially glazed. Entrance hall - 4 square meters, such an area will optimally equip this space.
From the hallway doors into three rooms. A bathroom, I will not tire of repeating - a bathroom is necessary in a country house.
Kitchen living room to the left - 12 square meters. The optimal size for such premises. A large window will fill the room with light and visually add additional volume.
The bedroom in our country house is also 12 meters in area. Standard size bedroom, which will fit a large bed, wardrobe and chest of drawers. In the bedroom, in our opinion, there should be no unnecessary cluttering furniture. V ideal conditions you can abandon the closet by placing things from it in the closet or another room.
Room implication:
Small summary: the project of a Finnish house with pitched roof perfect for a garden and a summer residence, both seasonal and permanent residence 2-3 people. Also, during construction, you can experiment a little with the layout, increase or decrease the kitchen, in favor of other rooms.
The prices above are indicated for houses built using frame-panel technology or from a profiled bar and operated in a summer cottage - the thickness of the bar is 90x140 mm or a slab insulation of 100 mm.
The timber is used only in chamber drying (not natural moisture). This is critical for capital walls. Drying of the timber is carried out in compliance with all technologies - 14 days of drying at 30-40 degrees in a soft mode. The gentle drying mode expels moisture from the center to the edges, preserving the texture of the material and preventing cracks.
The project can be supplemented or simplified for climatic, aesthetic or financial needs. Below are the prices for this project in various configurations.
From a profiled bar:
Frame version:
You can get a full estimate for construction or ask a question by sending a letter to email [email protected]
For the Russian region, houses with a traditional gable roof are currently of the greatest relevance. And when building country houses, we are not talking about it at all. The projects of such houses are still often left without the attention they deserve, although in fact, such designs allow not only to emphasize the character of the owners of the house, but also to save on materials, and also to expand their possibilities when decorating the house: both internal and external. We propose to consider the pros and cons of houses with a pitched roof, as well as projects of one-story, two-story houses and cottages, with a photo selection attached to them.
Traditionally, most owners of private houses and cottages prefer to design their home with a traditional layout, and, accordingly, a gable roof. Projects of houses with a pitched roof are a rather infrequent phenomenon in the construction world, although it cannot be said that they are in some way inferior to everyone else. On the contrary, such designs look very original and are more profitable from an economic point of view.
In addition, thanks to modern construction technologies and high-quality roofing materials, you can create an original and reliable house, which will fully justify the concept of "home is its own fortress", delighting the owner with good quality and comfort.
Two-storey house with a pitched roof Houses with a pitched roof are in great demand in the United States and European countries, especially in cold countries due to some of the features of such structures. Therefore, such houses are especially relevant for the predominantly cold climate of Russia.
The advantages of houses with a pitched roof include:
But it was not without its drawbacks:
When building a house with a flat roof, there are several important features:
A pitched roof does not allow equipping an attic space Advice. Particular attention should be paid to the decorative element of the exterior of the house - all the materials used should not only be of the highest quality, but a carefully selected color and texture range is also important. If a lot of additional details are provided, this will significantly reduce the requirements for facade finishing.
Since houses with a pitched roof are a rather unusual design solution, such a house should be operated, not forgetting about the correct and timely maintenance of the roof:
For those who are ready to deviate from traditions and bring something new into their lives, designers offer original and high-quality solutions for the home. Let's consider them briefly.
One-story houses with a pitched roof... A similar design in the world of modern building materials allows you to look at her in a new way. Shed roof projects are perfect for those who want to see simplicity and originality in their home at the same time.
For a one-story house, the height of the roof is extremely important: functionality and size depend on it. attic space and the ability to mount additional decorative elements. Very often in projects for a house with a pitched roof, additional roof above the porch, inclined in the opposite direction relative to the main roof.
One-storey house with a flat roof Two-storey houses with a pitched roof can be built in such a way as not to focus too much on decorating the first floor of the house. At the same time, with such a roof design, you can equip a spacious balcony on the second floor or mount panoramic windows.
Very often, in projects of two-story houses with a flat roof, they rely on the contrast of floors, at the same time combining an ascetic and restrained first floor and an elegant second. Such houses always look very elegant and modern.
Cottages with a pitched roof... Houses of this type are most often represented by a laconic rectangular design with a small one. Their distinctive feature- a common idea for all structural elements of the house and at the same time a subtle difference between each of them. The roof is usually built at an angle of 30 degrees, which prevents the accumulation of precipitation in cold period of the year. This is a great option for a country house.
Cottage with a pitched roof Houses from a bar... The main tasks assigned to houses of this type are: efficiency, environmental friendliness, rigor, warmth of construction. Using a flat roof will not reduce heating costs. In addition, a frame made of timber will make it possible to build a rafter structure with a large margin of safety.
Difficult at first glance, houses with a pitched roof, as you can see, are reliable, original and simple. We have introduced you in general terms with the main features and capabilities of these structures. We hope this information was useful to you.
