On December 20, Russia celebrates the Day of the employee of the security agencies of the Russian Federation. This is a professional holiday for employees of the Federal Security Service, Federal Security Service, Foreign Intelligence Service, as well as other special services of our country. The holiday itself was established on December 20, 1995 by decree of the President of the Russian Federation B. N. Yeltsin, but long before this decision, the intelligence officers and counterintelligence officers of our country celebrated it unofficially - as "the day of the Chekist." By the way, it was on this day in 1958, exactly 60 years ago, that the famous monument to the founder of the Cheka Felix Dzerzhinsky was unveiled in Moscow. This monument has become a symbol of the Soviet special services for many years, and now the country is seriously talking about the need to restore it.
Why was December 20 chosen as the date of the holiday? The answer to this question is simple and unambiguous. It was on December 20, 1917 that the Decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR was issued on the formation of the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission (VChK) to combat counter-revolution and sabotage under the SNK of the RSFSR. Vladimir Ilyich Lenin personally initiated the creation of the Cheka of the RSFSR, who perfectly understood the need for a special structure that would be responsible for ensuring the security of the young Soviet state, for the fight against counter-revolution and enemy agents.
The Soviet state had to create a new special service "from scratch" - all pre-revolutionary security agencies were disbanded, and their employees either emigrated or went to "white", or were arrested or lived quietly, trying to attract attention to themselves to a minimum. Nevertheless, the Soviet party leaders got down to business with enthusiasm.
The first head of the Cheka of the RSFSR was appointed Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky - one of the most influential Bolsheviks at that time, who was considered, among other things, a person who was crystal devoted to the revolution. No matter how criticism of the Bolshevik regime was treated by Felix Dzerzhinsky, the founder of the Cheka must be given his due - he coped with the creation of an effective special service, laying the foundations for its organization and further development.
Already in the very first months after the October Revolution, the Chekists had to face numerous enemies of the Soviet regime - from enemy agents and saboteurs to ordinary bandits. The civil war was the first baptism of fire of the Soviet security organs, and the post-war period was a stage in improving the fundamentals of activity. In the 1920s - 1930s, the foundation of the very structure of the security agencies was laid, in which more and more new units were created that were responsible for foreign intelligence and counterintelligence, government communications and protection of the country's top leadership, radio interception and decryption, the fight against sabotage and terror. and political security. So, on December 20, 1920, three years after the creation of the Cheka, the Foreign Department (INO) of the Cheka under the NKVD of the RSFSR was organized, which was responsible for conducting foreign intelligence and intelligence operations outside the Soviet state.
On February 6, 1922, the Cheka was transformed into the Main Political Directorate (then, after the formation of the USSR, the United Main Political Directorate) under the NKVD. For a certain period, the leadership of both the state security agencies and the law enforcement agencies (militia) found themselves within the same structure. Operationally, the militia also found itself subordinate to the state security organs, which turned into a key instrument of the political administration of the state, the main "" party.
In 1934, the OGPU was transformed into the Main Directorate of State Security (GUGB) as part of the NKVD of the USSR. The thirties became a difficult period for the domestic security agencies. On the one hand, the time remained very dangerous for the young Soviet state - it had to solve tasks to combat enemy spies, saboteurs, and real political opponents of the country. But there was also a downside to the activities of the bodies, associated with collectivization, party "purges". By the way, the latter did not bypass the entire governing apparatus of the state security organs. People's Commissars of Internal Affairs Grigory Yagoda and Nikolai Yezhov were both arrested and shot. Countless high-ranking and not very Chekists who disappeared in the camps in the late 1930s. The system was cleansed of harmful elements, but often innocent people also became its victims.
Nevertheless, the formation of renewed state security bodies was also associated with the party “purges”. In March 1941, the NKVD was divided into the NKVD itself and the People's Commissariat of State Security, which was to be responsible for the competence of the former GUGB, but in July of the same year, after the start of the war, they were merged. However, already in 1943, the structure was again divided into the NKVD and the NKGB of the USSR. In 1946, the NKGB of the USSR was transformed into the Ministry of State Security of the Soviet Union.
It was the period of the 1940s - early 1950s. accompanied by numerous organizational changes in the system of state security agencies. For example, in 1947, foreign intelligence was transferred to a specially created Information Committee under the USSR Council of Ministers, which became part of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1949, but already in 1952, intelligence was returned to the Ministry of State Security.
The death of Joseph Stalin also had a major impact on the fate of the security agencies. First, almost every other day, on March 7, 1953, the state security organs were included in the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs. Secondly, when Lavrenty Beria was removed from his post and arrested, the organs were “purged” of the “Beria” team. A number of Lavrenty Beria's closest associates were shot, others were sentenced to various terms of imprisonment or dismissed from the authorities. But fundamental changes were associated with the creation in 1954 of the State Security Committee under the USSR Council of Ministers. For 36 years, this structure became the only Soviet special service responsible for the widest range of areas in the field of state security.
The KGB was in charge of foreign intelligence, general, military and economic counterintelligence, political security, radio interception, encryption and decryption, the protection of senior officials of the Soviet state, the protection of the state border of the Soviet Union. The activities of the KGB of the USSR were at the highest level.
The Soviet intelligence service was highly regarded at the world level, calmly competing with the intelligence services of the United States and Great Britain, not to mention the intelligence services of other states. This level was also facilitated by the system of careful selection of personnel, professional training of intelligence officers and counterintelligence officers. But there were, of course, problems. So, in the 1960s - 1980s. not so few employees of the KGB of the USSR fled abroad and began to work against their native state.
On the other hand, the state security bodies were forced to perform the functions of political investigation, the fight against dissent, often dealing with issues that in reality had nothing to do with the genuine protection of the country's interests. And, nevertheless, in the presence of certain problems, nevertheless, most of the servicemen of the KGB of the USSR honestly and selflessly served their homeland.
The exploits of the Soviet Chekists were rarely covered in the press due to the specifics of their activities. Border guards were an exception, but that is a separate topic. In the post-war period, they preferred to either keep silent about the exploits of intelligence officers and counterintelligence officers, or they provided information in an extremely compressed and modified form.
The USSR State Security Committee ended almost simultaneously with the history of the Soviet Union itself. Since the KGB of the USSR was considered the most controversial Soviet structure, it was not surprising that they decided to simply disband it. The new democratic authorities were actively encouraged to make this decision by the Western “partners” who had suddenly signed up as “friends” of Russia.
Formally, the August 1991 putsch put an end to the history of the KGB. One of the active participants in the Emergency Committee was the chairman of the KGB of the USSR, General of the Army Vladimir Aleksandrovich Kryuchkov - on the night of August 21-22, 1991, he was arrested. The persons involved in the criminal cases were the first deputy chairmen of the KGB G.E. Ageev and V.F. Grushko, Deputy Chairman of the KGB V.A. Ponomarev, Chief of the 9th Main Directorate of the KGB Yu.S. Plekhanov, his deputy V.V. Generalov, head of the KGB for Moscow and the Moscow region V.M. Prilukov. The dismantling of the monument to Felix Dzerzhinsky by the insurgent Muscovites on August 22, 1991, became a kind of symbol of the end of the KGB.
On August 29, 1991, Vadim Viktorovich Bakatin, who previously held the post of Minister of Internal Affairs of the USSR, was appointed to the post of chairman of the KGB of the USSR. Under his leadership, the KGB of the USSR ceased to exist on December 3, 1991. The main directorates were separated from the KGB and transformed into several new special services. A new, post-Soviet era has begun in the life of the country's state security system. She was associated with no less dramatic events and upheavals.
Since the 1990s. Russian security agencies had to deal with a number of phenomena practically unknown in Soviet times - drug trafficking and drug mafia, massive corruption in government bodies, organized crime, terrorism, and political extremism.
Accordingly, the role of the anti-terrorist units of the state security bodies, as well as the structures responsible for protecting the constitutional order, has increased. On the other hand, the fight against economic crime and corruption, including in the state apparatus, the law enforcement system, and the armed forces, has become a very important area of activity in a market economy.
Now in the Russian Federation, three main special services are responsible for the security of our country. All of them are the successors of the KGB of the USSR and the organizations that existed after its collapse. Firstly, it is the Federal Security Service (FSB) - the most powerful and ramified structure, which is in charge of counterintelligence and military counterintelligence, economic security and the fight against corruption, anti-terrorism and protection of the constitutional order, protection of the state borders of Russia (after being included in the FSB FPS - Federal Border Service), combating especially dangerous forms of crime, information security. The FSB has a wide variety of people - from anti-terror special forces to top-class programmers, from investigators and counterintelligence operatives to coast guard servicemen.
The second special service - the Foreign Intelligence Service - is responsible for foreign intelligence, for the security of Russia's interests abroad. This is the heir to the glorious traditions of the First Main Directorate of the KGB of the USSR. For obvious reasons, we hear about the activities of the SVR much less often than about the activities of the FSB, but this does not mean that the results of this activity are not visible, especially now, when the West has unleashed a new phase of the Cold War against Russia.
The Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation solves very specific tasks. In her competence - not only the protection of the head of state, head of government, other key officials and government facilities, but also government communications, information security, maintenance and operation of presidential and government infrastructure facilities. In addition, the FSO, within the framework of its powers, is engaged in anti-terrorist activities and operational work. Since most of the abolished Federal Agency for Government Communications and Information (FAPSI) became part of the FSO, the number of FSO increased significantly compared to the Yeltsin period. But, we must pay tribute, this structure does an excellent job with its responsibilities.
Thus, over more than a century of their existence, the security agencies of the USSR and Russia have traveled a difficult path, accompanied by numerous organizational transformations, human losses, and blows to their reputation. But they have been and are doing their very difficult and dangerous tasks to protect the security of the Russian state. Their service is not always known to us, half-truthful and frankly false myths and legends circulate about it, but it remains extremely significant for the country. Indeed, without security organs there can be no significant state, especially such as Russia, and even in the current world political situation.
Voennoye Obozreniye congratulates all current and former (although “there are no former security officers”) employees of the security agencies of Russia and the Soviet Union on their professional holiday. Honor and praise to those who serve to protect state interests, eternal memory to those who gave their lives for Russia.
Employees of national and state security agencies celebrate their holiday on December 20, according to the decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 12/20/1995. This day was appointed to celebrate the day of the FSB, because in 1917 it was on the same day that the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission was created. F.E.Dzerzhinsky became its first chairman. The Cheka was replaced in 1954 by the State Security Committee under the USSR Council of Ministers. Before the formation of the Russian Federation, the Chekist Day was celebrated on December 20.
At the present time, this day is a professional holiday for all employees of the foreign intelligence, the FSB, the Federal Security Service, as well as for specialists who work under the General Directorate of Special Programs of the President. During the Soviet era, all of the above services were part of the USSR State Security Committee (KGB).
State security -
Forever in your destiny ...
So take your gratitude
Happy holiday, Happy FSB Day!
I will not wish for courage -
You will not be interested in him.
May all plans come true
So that the world can become a better place!
Secretly congratulations -
We know about these nuances.
Protecting safety
Don't look at the danger.
You rarely sleep. Although you are silent -
And you follow everyone.
On your professional day
Pull yourself off thoroughly!
Read codes, codes,
Find it all, figure it out
Find out the secrets and dare!
Happy FSB Day! I wish you unlimited health and endless luck, brilliant success in your work, high status and honor in your position, I wish you excellent health, strength and courage, I wish you faithful comrades, support and love from relatives and a rainbow world.
FSB today is a holiday
Celebrates his important.
Safety is your credo,
An important life foundation.
I want to wish you on a holiday
Happiness, joy, kindness,
To live in harsh hearts
A spark of light and warmth.
FSB today notes
It's a wonderful holiday.
With that, I congratulate you,
FSB officer, my dear.
Let luck pursue
Let happiness keep up.
Will be cheerful mood
And the soul sings with joy.
Iron Felix once bequeathed
You guys have a warm heart.
Cold mind and clean hands
The wisdom of a complex, dangerous science.
We congratulate you on FSB Day now,
We wish you to be faithful to the codes,
So that your service is without risk.
Tranquility, peace, goodness! Happy Chekist Day!
You are in the service even at home,
Keeping the secrets of the nation.
Spies scatter
Everything from you is like fire.
We know for sure - FSB
Never fails.
Happy holiday to all of you, heroes
FSB labor!
Brave guys are taken there,
You can't get there so easily;
You are strong in spirit - this is important:
Young people will be more serious.
The cadres of this service are priceless,
That always protects us;
Frosty winter, hot summer
Any blowjob is a disaster for us.
Be fruitful efforts -
We need such services
So that there are no enemies of dominance
On the scale of our dear country.
Live and hello, Safety!
Always be firm and strong
So that any enemy filth
I was afraid for my sides.
Let's not talk too much
You continue to serve the Motherland.
In the name of the country's security -
We really need such personnel!
Happiness to you and your loved ones in life.
I wish you success in the service for your Motherland.
Thank you that there are such people -
The oath will be fulfilled and honor will not be dropped.
In the affairs of the past years and days
She only brings clarity
All fairer and wiser
Always state security.
Keeps archival files,
Guards the borders
And in the wars of the village, the city
Does not leave the enemy.
So that the common people live in the world
And knew nothing,
In the service of the FSB all year round.
Labor is the secret of victory.
For those who live right
There is absolutely no surveillance.
The one who is afraid of scouts
Who is sinful himself is latent.
The enemy of the FSB is the enemy of the people,
This has been clear for a long time.
Drop the Russian flag from the flagpole
Enemies want in vain.
Health, joy in work
I wish you, the Chekists.
You will not leave us in trouble.
You are stern, broad-shouldered.
For the blue sky, for the world,
And for December is clean
Thank you we say
Comrades Chekists!
No, if you want, you have every right to drink your glass of vodka in your personal kitchen every December 20. For the Chekists. And in the official calendar of the Russian Federation there is no such holiday.
There is the "Day of the employee of the security agencies of the Russian Federation", which is celebrated on December 20. What's the difference, you say. The FSB is the successor to the KGB, and therefore it doesn't matter what the holiday is called. It is still a holiday of the "bloody geby". And you are completely wrong.
Now I'll tell you why they are wrong.
On October 22, 1991, in accordance with a resolution of the State Council (it is interesting that such a body was not provided for in the Constitution of that period) the USSR State Security Committee was abolished, i.e. liquidated. By the same decree, the Central Intelligence Service of the USSR, the Committee for the Protection of the State Border of the USSR and the Inter-Republican Security Service were created.
On December 3, 1991, the liquidation of the KGB was confirmed by the Council of the Republics of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.
In accordance with the "Provisional Regulations on the Inter-Republican Security Service (ISS)", the created ISS is the legal successor of the KGB exclusively in terms of material and technical base and property.
You may say, but people stayed. The ones that are "gebyo". And again you will be wrong. For some time they were still listed in the newly created security body. Then the SME was headed by the well-known professional and reformer V.V. Bakatin. At first he reformed the corrupted organs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs: he dismissed most of the operational staff, actually banned undercover work among criminals, but allowed the employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs in their free time to "earn extra money", that is, receive money in commercial and other structures. And he did a lot of democratic things in the police.
Have you heard something about the "rampant crime" in the nineties? This was already a direct result of the reform and democratization of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Gorbachev liked the reforms in the Ministry of Internal Affairs so much that he transferred Bakatin to state security.
I suppose you've heard about the wiretapping scandal at the American Embassy? This was when Mr. Bakatin (let me remind you - already the head of the SME) handed over to the Americans not only the scheme, but also the latest Soviet equipment, which even during the times of the USSR was able to be attached to the American embassy. He still managed to convey a lot of things, but he could not even more (although he really wanted to), and therefore wrote a memo to Gorbachev, in which he complained about the damned "gebyo", which stubbornly hides documents, does not want to share information, hides the latest technical means, etc. .d.
It was then that the real reforms began with the reduction of divisions and the dismissal of employees. They dragged intelligence agents out of "friendly Western countries" and fired them (later Primakov recalled that when he became the head of the foreign intelligence service, he just went nuts - there was a whole 1 (!) Russian intelligence officer working in the United States), the number of employees in military counterintelligence was reduced by almost 90% , about the same number of employees “went to the national economy” and from the “territories”.
I remember what joy was in the media when it was announced that the 5th department of the KGB had been completely liquidated. These are the same bastards who strangled freedom, persecuted Saint Solzhenitsyn. And other representatives of the creative intelligentsia were tyrannized. The people were happy. And the 5th Directorate was more concerned not with the Solzhenitsins, but with the prevention of terrorist acts and sabotage.
Why weren't the people so happy when they started blowing up houses in Moscow? Where are the police looking? The police, in accordance with government decrees, are engaged, in their free time, in the production of bobbles. And it’s not their job. And whose? It turns out now it's a draw. "Professionals are behind the attacks." Where are your professionals? It takes years for them to appear. This work is not at all easy - to prevent terrorist attacks.
But Bakatin fired not all employees. Bakatin not everyone. Since August 1991, over the next four years, seven (!) Chiefs have been replaced as head of the security service. Everything was reformed, reduced and, what is especially interesting, changed the name of the service. I don’t even remember all the abbreviations. Even the omniscient Wikipedia does not already know this. The KGB certificate was taken away and given a "mandate" - a sheet of writing paper, which confirmed that the person who submitted it was an employee. Then they demanded to hand over the "mandate" and gave another "mandate". And then, in the end, they took one piece of paper and promised, then, to send another. Yes, they never sent it.
However, not only our "democrats" were engaged in the reform. The FBI director L. Free came to Moscow, who offered to train management and operational personnel for the Russian special services for free computers. His proposal was partially accepted.
A commission was created, which included such interesting characters: Webster (former director of the CIA), Shenfill (former US Deputy Secretary of Justice), Snyder (acting chief adviser to the US Senate Intelligence Committee) and some other, no less amusing personalities. This commission worked for three days in the Lesnye Dali sanatorium near Moscow - they conducted secret negotiations on the further activities of the foreign intelligence service and the security service (representatives of our services were not allowed to negotiate). There was a conversation between the democrats.
And Mr. Soros noted in the reform of the KGB - he began to finance human rights defenders. Do you think this is so harmless? Human rights activists, for example, demanded, and the deputies supported, to publish the lists of agents who worked in the Middle East for the "damned KGB". The same human rights activists from all screens demanded that the special services in Russia be eliminated altogether. And the public seems to be supportive.
And there was also the American Heritage Foundation, which worked under the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Federation - the parliamentary commissions of the Supreme Soviet pledged to hold open hearings on national security issues, the security service could henceforth fight exclusively against banditry and terrorism on the territory of the Russian Federation, the Foreign Intelligence Service and the GRU did not have rights to conduct intelligence activities against Western intelligence services and had to completely refuse to work with agents who worked in the KGB.
Mrs. Starovoitova gave birth to a bill on the lustration of all KGB officers. However, this bill, for obvious reasons, did not become a law.
There were a lot of things. As a result, today the FSB is not the KGB. This is a completely different service. Including its capabilities. Therefore, do not blame the guys - they are now literally pulling security with a hump and are well aware that they can close only certain areas. Such a targeted state security. For which, if anything, you will have to answer. The chiefs may be deprived of their posts, and the employees ... They will be buried at the expense of the state.
Yes, a certain number of former KGB officers still work in it, in the FSB. Former officers of the Soviet Army serve in the Ukrainian army, but who can say today that the Ukrainian army is Soviet?
"Day of the employee of the security agencies of the Russian Federation" was established by the decree of B.N. Yeltsin in 1995. Why did you choose December 20? I do not believe that Yeltsin wanted to maintain any kind of continuity. Most likely, Boris Nikolayevich was simply swindled - they slipped in an insignificant document, and he gave it a shot.
Therefore, live in peace - the KGB is no more.
Why am I writing about this? You probably guessed - I'm the "ex." And even worse - I am from the "dead". Do you know what SMERSH is? These are such freaks who slept all day, ate sweetly and drank a lot during breaks, and at night they tortured "fighters against the Stalinist regime." They (we) also organized detachments, shot millions of innocent civilians in Europe during the "Second World War", drowned peaceful democratic protests in Hungary and Czechoslovakia in blood.
By the way, I can give you a little help. During World War II, a military counterintelligence officer (SMERSH) lived in the war for an average of three months. SMERSH has never dealt with obstacle detachments. However, there was one case - during the defense of Stalingrad, one of the detachments was commanded by a military counterintelligence officer. But let's not judge him harshly - he stayed in Stalingrad.
I can tell you about Senior Lieutenant Pyotr Anfimovich Zhidkov - this is the first military counterintelligence officer who was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. Do you think he got a "hero" for torturing a democrat? No, he raised a company, which was left without officers, in an attack "against an enemy superior in strength", personally annihilated six Nazis in hand-to-hand combat. He received the title posthumously.
Lieutenant SMERSH Mikhail Petrovich Krygin in August 1945, as part of the landing party, took part in the liberation of the port of Seisin. The lieutenant's group had a special mission in the territory occupied by the Japanese. However, when the commander of the paratroopers died, Lieutenant Krygin took his place and 12 (!) Times personally led the landing in the attack. Then the SMERSH group continued to fulfill its task. After the liberation of the port of Seishin, the body of Lieutenant M. Krygin was found with traces of torture: more than 20 bayonet wounds, the tongue was cut out, a five-pointed star was carved on the chest, the stomach was ripped open. Lieutenant Krygin was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
There were many such "deaths" in that war.
However, I have more recent examples. Senior Lieutenant Ivanov (surname changed) took (with a light machine gun) a position at a commanding height and fought for two hours with a group of spirits, which consisted of almost 500 heads, which allowed the Soviet motorized rifle battalion to leave the gorge with practically no losses (there were wounded). The military introduced the starley to the rank of "hero", but personally Kryuchkov was against it. Since there was an order - not to present military counterintelligence officers for "infantry exploits" for awards. Why? “We didn’t send you here to run with the infantry. And who will do your job ”? However, in that case, the military resisted and the senior lieutenant got his "hero". " This is not a fairy tale. I personally know this person, and his portrait hung in one of the educational institutions (in the open press it was called "Higher courses for retraining the command and operational staff of the KGB SSS") on the second floor in the central corridor. Together with portraits of the KGB officers of the USSR, who were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
By the way, the military counterintelligence service during the Soviet era had its own day - December 19. Now there is no such holiday either. Even for analgia, no. The guys, I think, would be offended. However, the dead do not care. Thank you for not canceling the Victory Day. Otherwise, our soldiers raped the whole of Europe, occupied and did something else. Liberals know.
And I will celebrate a holiday that does not exist. Eternal memory, as it happened, did not work out. Therefore, those who left - rest in peace to them! And who is still alive - God bless you guys, health and many years. And do not be offended by people - they do not know what they are doing.
When will the liberals shut up about the victims of the Stalinist regime?On February 6, 1922, the All-Russian Central Executive Committee (VTsIK) adopted a resolution on the abolition of the Cheka and the formation of the State Political Administration (GPU) under the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs (NKVD) of the RSFSR. On November 2, 1923, the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR created the United State Political Administration (OGPU) under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR. On July 10, 1934, the state security organs entered the NKVD of the USSR.
In February 1941, the NKVD of the USSR was divided into two independent bodies: the NKVD of the USSR and the People's Commissariat of State Security (NKGB) of the USSR. In July 1941, the NKGB and the NKVD of the USSR were again merged into a single People's Commissariat - the NKVD of the USSR. In April 1943, the USSR People's Commissariat for State Security was re-formed. On March 15, 1946, the NKGB was transformed into the Ministry of State Security.
In March 1953, it was decided to merge the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of State Security into a single Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR. On March 13, 1954, the State Security Committee (KGB) was established under the USSR Council of Ministers.
On December 3, 1991, the President of the USSR Mikhail Gorbachev signed the law "On the Reorganization of State Security Bodies", on the basis of which the KGB of the USSR was abolished, and for a transitional period on its basis the Inter-Republican Security Service and the Central Intelligence Service of the USSR (Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation) were created.
In January 1992, Russian President Boris Yeltsin signed a decree on the formation of the Ministry of Security of the Russian Federation on the basis of the abolished Inter-Republican Security Service and the Federal Security Agency of the RSFSR, which was transformed in November 1991 from the State Security Committee of the RSFSR, created in May of the same year.
Then, other departments well-known from history were in charge of ensuring the security of the Russian state, for example, the Preobrazhensky Prikaz and the Secret Chancery of Peter I, the Secret Expedition at the Senate, the Third Section of the Own Chanceries of Nicholas I and Alexander II.
After the terrorist act of March 13 (March 1, old style) in 1881, when Emperor Alexander II died, the system of state security in Russia was radically reformed. As a result of the transformations in September 1881, for the first time in the history of Russia, a special department was created to protect the top officials of the state. Over the next decades, the security service has improved.
After the October Revolution of 1917, in November 1920, a Special Department was created, which were tasked with organizing and implementing the protection of state leaders and the activities carried out with their participation. Later it became part of the OGPU, and went through all the structural transformations with it. From 1954 to 1990, the 9th Directorate of the KGB of the USSR performed the functions of state protection.
In 1990-1991, after the election of the President of the USSR, the Security Service of the President of the USSR was created, which became the legal successor of the 9th Directorate of the KGB of the USSR.
In 1991, the state security bodies were merged into the Main Directorate of Security of the Russian Federation. Since 1993, the Security Service of the President of the Russian Federation (SBP of Russia) has existed as an independent federal agency in the field of state protection.
On May 27, 1996, the RF Law "On State Protection" was adopted, in accordance with which the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation was created, which was merged with the Security Service of the President of the Russian Federation in the same year.
The historical roots of the Russian special services are reflected in the heraldic symbols of modern Russian security agencies: the emblems of the FSB of the Russian Federation and the FSO of the Russian Federation combine the two-headed eagle of Tsarist Russia and the traditional symbol of the Soviet era secret services - "shield and sword".
From the very beginning of their formation, the security organs stood guard over the Motherland, guarding the national interests of Russia. This was the case during the Great Patriotic War, and in the post-war period, and now, when they have to fight terrorism, organized crime, drug trafficking, and protect the country's border borders.
In 2016, the Russian special services were terrorist, including 16 terrorist attacks. Since the beginning of 2017, FSB officers have destroyed dozens and detained about 800 members of bandit formations, liquidated 66 terrorist and extremist cells (data as of October 2017).
Traditionally, the most important area of the FSB's work. In 2016, the Russian special services suppressed the activities of 53 regular employees and 386 agents of foreign special services, in the first half of 2017, 30 regular employees of foreign intelligence services, more than 200 persons who are suspected of cooperation with foreign special services.
Issues related to ensuring information security are also in the sphere of constant attention of the security agencies. In 2016, to the information resources of the Russian Federation. Compared to 2015, their number has almost tripled. More than 60% of cyberattacks were carried out from abroad. During the year, the work of 1,130 sources of harmful effects inside the country and almost 500 abroad were suppressed.
The material was prepared on the basis of information from RIA Novosti and open sources
Very in time the question was asked about the day of the FSB in 2020, what date. Often in vain preparation for the New Year, this professional day is simply forgotten. This is fundamentally wrong, because FSB employees on this day, like representatives of other professions in their professional days, are sure to expect congratulations, kind words and high marks in their service.
Every year, December 20 is the exact date when the day of the FSB in 2020. So it turns out that this year the holiday falls on Sunday, from which special attention should be paid to its celebration in every family, where the event is relevant.
It is no coincidence that December 20 was chosen as the date, the day of the FSB. The fact is that in the Soviet Union on this December day they celebrated the Day of the Chekist.
The event was established back in 1917, when the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission was created. Then, in 1954, the Cheka was replaced by the KGB, which already existed until the collapse of the USSR. The FSB is a modern Russian version of the Soviet KGB, but a holiday for them in modern Russia was established only in 1995. But since then, the event has been constantly celebrated and a lot of attention is paid to it. Relevant on the festive table.
In addition, festive events are held throughout the country. During the events, artists and folk groups perform, as well as security personnel who have stood out especially during the year, and awards are presented for special achievements in service.
Possible congratulations on the day of the FSB:
You are in control of the security of our country day and night, like all your colleagues. It is hard and challenging work, but very important. Guys, I wish you not to lose heart, solve more crimes and, of course, do not forget to rest.
In our country, the day of the FSB is celebrated quite widely, we hasten to congratulate you on this event. Let the work go well, and you, as an experienced employee with experience, set the right example for young people.
I wish you a good rest on your holiday from working days. May you always be expected and appreciated at work, and experience, intuition and skill help to solve as many crimes as possible.
Let me congratulate you on the day of the FSB. I sincerely wish you and all of us a clear and peaceful sky above our heads. Let life and work in all its manifestations be on a high note. You can serve on the festive table for dessert
