Properly performed insulation of the attic ceiling of the house ensures the preservation of heat inside the premises, and not a useless waste for heating a cold attic. Warm air, lifting, freely pass through the ceiling, and therefore all waste to heat the room ultimately will go on heating the street.
It means that it is necessary to make insulation of the attic overlap using suitable thermal insulation means at the construction stage or before finishing the interior.
The technological process of thermal insulation will be determined by the structural features of the building: wooden beam or solid reinforced concrete design.
However, in any case, thermal insulation means for insulation the attic must:
Based on this, today, as a heater of the attic overlap on wooden beams is usually used:
Before insulating the attic overlap in a private house, it is necessary to prepare lumber, hydro and vapor barrier, standard carpenter and power tools. Thus, to carry out the technical part of the performance of work:
From hand tools:
From power tools:
To fix rolled insulation, it is convenient to use a special construction stapler with brackets.
To create a film of foamed polyethylene or vapor-permeable hydraulic protection membrane will be suitable. To hermetically handle the joints need foil tape.
From lumber will be needed by a cross section of 62x62 mm, as well as boards with a thickness of at least 25 mm. For finishing flooring, each owner uses finishing materials at their own request.
Important! Before carrying out thermal insulation work, all wooden components of the structures need to be treated with special antipers and, if possible, antipyrtic. This will avoid the occurrence of rotten or moldy processes in the wood, and also give fire prevention properties.
During the construction of wooden houses, the entire load from the roof falls onto wooden beams from a bar or logs, with a cross section of at least 120x120 mm. Most often, they are mounted on the carrying walls of the structure of the house, parallel to its narrow side and they are carrier elements of the ceiling of the upper floor and an attic floor.
The insulation of the attic overlap on wooden beams is called cumulative, since both rough, and finishing ceiling are lowered from below to the bearing elements.
Before starting the insulation of the attic, it is necessary to make a draft ceiling. As the main material, edged board and plywood are usually used here. At the same time, the boards are attached closely with galvanized screws.
For any types of overlapping, vapor barrier is an integral stage. The thin and durable film is fixed to the overlapping itself, as it contributes to the exclusion of steam condensation in the heat insulator when heat flow from heated room.
may fit under any finishing materials. They have additional features in the form of protection against wind, water, dust. Therefore, the space under the roof will be reliably protected not only from the destructive effects of condensate, but also on atmospheric effects with the maximum effect.
To install vaporizolation, it is quite evenly distributed to the film along the surface of the attic overlap and fix it with the help of metal brackets, while the joints should be glued with foil tape.
After mounting the draft ceiling and the vapor barrier layer, the ceiling beams will be located on the side of the attic, so the heat insulation will be between them. Based on which the insulation is chosen, the laying process itself can differ slightly.
For example, for the insulation of overlapping a cold attic minvata, a sheet or rolled material is placed on a vapor barrier layer without any roaming or compression. On top of the insulation, another film layer is stacked.
All this pie is attached with the help of a furniture stapler to beams and walls, along the midst of the room. The joints of the vapor insulation membrane must be hermetically treated with metallized tape.
When installing foam, the waterproof film is unnecessary, since the polymer insulation itself does not pass the air and moisture. Usually, the foam is mounted on the surface of the draft ceiling in two layers.
When used as a ceramic insulation, two-layer vaporizolation is used. However, in this case, it is necessary to fall asleep a variety of cruise weight from the burned clay. This will avoid the formation of voids in the heat insulating layer and will improve heat and sound insulation.
The technological process of insulation sawdust is similar to the use of clay. However, here very often, wood chips is mixed with other binders of components: clay, cement or plaster. In any case, the pre-sawdust needs to dry, handle with antiseptics and, if possible, antipirectrics.
Note! Any mineral insulating material is capable of passing heat and moisture. To improve heat-saving properties and extend the service life of the insulation, it is necessary and to use special countertile films.
When an intertest cake is ready, it is necessary to make waterproofing the Cold Indoor attic. It will help to exclude the appearance of duct and condensate. Most often, the role of waterproofing performs foil polyethylene foam.
It is fastened with a stapler with a metallized side to the outside, leaving the ends 15-20 cm wrapped on the walls. The joints, as in other cases, are sampled with foil scotch.
Over the entire surface of the resulting design, the crate, which subsequently will be the basis for the ceiling coating. Moreover, it is necessary to create an air-thermal cushion overlap.
In most cases, the attic in private homes are used as utility premises for storing unnecessary trash. But also often make a living room or attic of it. In any case, this room should be reliable, safe floor.
The type of thermal insulation material used in a particular case will help choose the correct material to create a draft floor in the attic. For example, if the insulation of the attic overlap of the mining on wooden beams is performed or foam is used as insulation, the floor covering is required to be rigid. As a draft material, thick phanels, edged board or sheets of OSB are most often used.
Ceramzit insulation is covered with thick plywood. As a rough outdoor coating When arranging residential premises in the attic, if the support of the building is allowed, sometimes becomes cement strainer.
Speed-cement or sawing-clay insulation after drying themselves become rigid and resemble reinforced concrete black coating, so finishing can be performed directly on it.
Variations on how to insulate the attic overlap - several. Which one to apply to a specific room depends on technical features Building and preferences of owners. The main thing here is the correct observance of all technological stages of laying thermal insulation.
The roof protects various buildings and buildings from precipitation and wind. The attic under the roof serves as the boundary between the warm air from the house and the cold environment. To reduce heat outflow from heated room outwards, the insulation of the attic space is used.
For comfortable housing conditions in the winter, the houses are heated, spending a huge amount of coolant. Every year the cost of heating is only increasing. In order to save costs and reducing heat loss, energy-saving double-glazed windows are installed and the insulation of walls, gender and ceiling with thermal insulation materials are used.
More than a third of heat from the house goes through the roofSince warm air rises up. Through the lavety ceiling, warm streams leave residential premises and rushed into the attic, where, in contact with the roof coating, form condensate on the beams of overlapping and the system of rafters. High humidity leads to damage to the material and reproduction of fungi, reducing the durability of the roofing structure.
If the attic space is actively used or performs attic functions, then the roof itself is insulated. When the attic is not operated, make the thermal insulation of the attic overlap. Installation is carried out on the beams of a cold attic.
In this case, you can achieve the multifunctionality of the insulation:
The use of various types of insulation will reduce the level of thermal loss by 20%, which will extend the life of the roof without repair and replacing the wooden elements.
Depending on the location, the overlap is divided into inter-storey, attic, basement or basements. To create a ceiling and gender in buildings, carrying bearing elements consisting of beams and stoves. Reinforced concrete plates, steel and wooden beams are used as attic floors. When erecting brick and panel high-rise buildings, reinforced concrete floors use. The beam overlap is used in low-rise construction. On wooden beams there is a bar, logs and boards of a large cross section, stacked on the bearing walls.
Each type of overlapping, wooden or concrete, has its advantages and disadvantages. Overlapping from reinforced concrete durable and fire-resistant, but are complex in the installation and require the increased strength of the walls during construction. Wooden floors have a smaller load on the bearing walls, are suitable for erection with any kinds of building materials, they are mounted without attracting construction equipment. The disadvantage of the tree is its fire hazard, so wooden structures need additional treatment with antipit impregnations.
From whatever material there is no thoughtful overlap, it is necessary to carry out thermal insulation work, since the thermal conductivity of concrete and wood is high. The insulation scheme consists of a parobacpaire, the heeping material itself and waterproofing, forming a layered pie that helps perform the protective function for roofs and heated premises.
The attic floors that serve for the multi-level separation of the premises must be responsible for certain characteristics:
Before choosing a insulation material, it is necessary to understand the variety of heat insulators produced, given their basic properties and characteristics. By type of laying, thermal insulation products are divided into: rolled, bulk and slab.
In the form of soft rolls produced mineral wool. This fibrous material happens three varieties - stone wool, glass wool and slag wool. For raw materials in the production of rocks go alloys of rocks. From sand, dolomite and glass waste produce glass gamble. For slags use waste metallurgy - slag. The attics insulate basalt cotton and glass wool.
Mineral wools possess the following advantages:
Negative moment When using wool is its hygroscopicity and low environmental friendliness. Wat absorbs water well, reducing its thermal insulation qualities. During styling, glass gambles need to follow safety rules and use personal protective equipment. The environmental friendliness of the material is low, since phenol formaldehydes, harmful to human health, are used in the production of mineral wats.
So that the moisture does not penetrate the wool, it is necessary to strictly observe the laying technology with steam-protected films and the waterproofing layer, leaving the gaps for ventilation. For proper insulation Minvata and compliance with all technical requirements, It is possible to achieve an economical and high-quality thermal insulation layer.
Rolled polyethylene foam, or isolon, is used for complex thermal insulation and as a hydrooparoisten. It is a foamed polyethylene with a thickness of 0.3-2.5 cm with a one-sided foil layer. Isolon has heat sink, fire-resistant and hydrophobic qualities.
In the form of fractions of different sizes, such types of bulk insulation are used:
Watches were insulated at home for a long time, until modern insulation was launched into mass production. The main advantages of sawdust are high environmental friendliness caused by the naturalness of raw materials, the low weight and availability of material for a penny value. The main disadvantage of sawdust is a flammability of the material. Also when absorbing moisture sawdust can be molded. The sawing layer is easily damaged by mice.
Warming straw is a traditional rustic method of maintaining heat in the house. This is an easy and affordable material. Due to the high thermal conductivity, the straw layer should be large - to half a meter.
Negative sides are obvious:
Slag is a raw material obtained from waste metallurgy. The slag pumice and the domain slag is used as a cheap flowing insulator. This is a non-combustible, durable and cheap material.
As a result of the intake of mica, vermiculite is formed - natural, lightweight, durable insulation. The coefficient of thermal conductivity is comparable to mineral wool. His adsorbing qualities allow not to install hydraulic protection. Verminiculitis is not affected by fire.
Ceramzite is lightweight clay granules. Natural mineral material is environmentally friendly, durable and not combustible. Among the advantages of insulation of the ceramisite, it is worth noting the convenience of mounting - the granules are simply scattered by the attic of the layer with a thickness. In order to achieve reliable thermal protection in different regions, the ceramzite is placed in a thickness of 20-40 cm. A large layer of grainsite is heavy, so the possibility of load on wooden floors is taken into account.
The foam glass refers to falling down low-conducting insulation. In production, the waste of the glass industry foam, getting a high-quality insulator. The foamworm is distinguished by a variety, strength, ecology and durability. Dorganiza foam glass is a limitation for widespread use.
Equata - modern cellulose insulation.
Pluses of using EcoWhat:
Polyurethane foam refers to the category of bulk insulation. Polyurethane foam is a liquid plastic that does not need a carbarrier and waterproofing. It has the lowest thermal conductivity coefficient, giving high thermal insulating properties with a low thickness of the insulation. The coating is applied with a solid layer without seams, closing all the slots. Water-repellent qualities do not allow to multiply fungi and bacteria in the attic space. Strength when frozen does not give a chance to get rodents. The composition is made by substances that give the polyurethane fire resistance.
Polyurethane has only one drawback - a high price. This is caused by the use of professional compression equipment for spraying foam. You have to resort to the help of specialized companies.
Plates and mats of different sizes are released:
Foam plates consist of polystyrene granules.
Polyfoam has the following features:
Extruded expanded polystyrene is the same foam produced by extrusion. This allows you to maintain all the advantages of the foam, acquiring an increased density capable of carrying out heavy loads. The plates of polystyrene are provided for grooves, which makes it easier to install without gaps and creates a solid coating.
One of the production options mineral wool There are plates, often one-sided reflective aluminum foil. The foil acts as a pairoschita and reflects heat from home. Memorial is convenient to use when installing it.
Reed mats and algae ladders are released in the form of compressed briquettes. Natural, natural, lightweight materials are used as raw materials - reed and algae. High ecological and vapor-permeable properties allow them to apply them for wooden buildings. The platform of fire safety helps to solve the processing of raw materials with fire-resistant compositions.
When choosing heat insulating materials Consider the type of overlapping and characteristics of the insulation. The characteristic quality of the heat insulator becomes a decisive criterion.
A number of factors are taken into account:
Taking into account all the features of the material, you can choose the appropriate insulation for the house. Often the most optimal choice is the insulation of mineral wool. Compliance with the installation instructions will allow quality thermal insulation work.
In accordance with the requirements of SNiP for building insulation materials, the thickness of the insulation depends on the type of thermal insulation, the duration of heating and average temperature In winter, in a specific region.
The thickness of the insulation is calculated based on the thermal conductivity coefficient of a particular material. This indicator is specified on the packaging of the acquired insulation. Moreover, pick up the upper limit of the norm for the wet environment.
The view of the overlap causes the peculiarity of thermal insulation work. Methods of laying thermal insulation differ depending on the type of insulation.
Insulation the attic with overlapping from reinforced concrete slabs is simple, since the attic floor is smooth. Minvati rolls, slab option and any bulk varieties are suitable as insulation. The weight of the material can not be taken into account, since reinforced concrete slabs are capable of withstanding heavy loads.
Accommodation in its cottage can be overshadowed low temperature indoors in the cold season and large expenditures on. To avoid this, the insulation of the overlap of a private house is carried out. With the help of traditional and new materials, ceiling, attic or inter-storey insulation are performed.
The process of insulation overlapping in a frame house with mineral wool According to the laws of physics, warm air always rises upstairs. If it does not heal, heat from the lower floor through it comes out. Heat loss can be up to 40%. Warm air leaves through small cracks in concrete, pores in wooden ceilings. Properly performed thermal insulation will prevent freezing, will reduce heating costs.
In all private houses with a cold ceiling, it is recommended to carry out thermal insulation of the overlap. Such work can be performed at the construction stage or in the already erected house. In the second case, insulation is carried out if the coatings were made long ago and over time lost their heat insulating properties.
For thermal insulation, four groups of insulation are used:
In addition to the direct function of thermal insulation, they possess. In summer, they protect the house from the high ambient temperature. Among the main properties of heat-insulating funds, which are important for, allocate:
Before the final choice of thermal insulation means, it is also important to analyze:
Bookmark Minvati in beams before covering ceiling with clapboard It is possible that it is replacing structural elements, finishing materials, applying additional or processing with refractory drugs.
For thermal insulation of the overlap, you can use sawdust. It affects its low price, availability, low cost of work. The main disadvantage of sawdust - flammability, low moisture resistance. This leads to light fire, rotting, the appearance of fungus. Therefore, before laying sawdust is processed.
The process of snowing sawdust in the cavity between beams under flooring sheets To reduce the moisture content, prevent the appearance of mold, sawdust is dried in a special carmer during the year. Later them, fungicides.
Green lime will help reduce the risk of settling rodents. To reduce flammability, they are mixed with antipirens.
Thermal insulation using sawdust is carried out in two ways. Speakers just fall asleep on the prepared surface. 
This method is not in demand. Since the shrinkage of the material begins quite quickly, which requires regular replenishment. For the second method, the sawdust is mixed with cement mortar.
The slab breathing material, has a low price, does not accumulate moisture, does not rot. On the foam does not grow mold, fungi, microorganisms. It has high thermal conductivity, resistant to high temperatures, good sound insulation. Well holds moisture. A light weight Allows you to lay it on thin floors. Durable.
Installation of foam sheets to ceiling Basic disadvantages:
To eliminate the penetration of rodents, use a metallic fine mesh.
The bulk material is the second most popular insulation. It has high thermal insulation properties, always is on sale, it is easy to put it on its own.
Cheap stands. Disadvantages of clay:
Mix large and small particles for laying. This combination will make it possible to fill the empty space. Cement mortar is poured to protect against moisture. Its thickness should be no more than 20 mm.
Released in the form of a roll, rolls over the surface, clipped. The material is inexpensive, has good thermal insulation, quickly stacked. Among its drawbacks are:
The thermal barrier decreases when the wool is squeezed, so it is impossible to step on it, immediately after laying make sex flooring.
Insulation of this species flooded or sprayed. This material cannot be laid independently, because It requires special equipment, protective suits, professional skills to apply.
Foam products fill all the slightest slits, cracks. They do not attract insects, do not burn, safe for humans. The substance contains a large number of air bubbles that contribute to.
Disadvantages:
After complete pouring, it is necessary to fill the stuffing material.
Depending on the structure and insulate the ceiling, the attic or inter-storey floors.
This type of thermal insulation includes three main actions: preparation, internal work and work in the attic. The preparatory stage begins with surface cleaning from garbage, dirt, unnecessary items. For insulation of mineral wool, foam, sawdust cooking beams 50 x 100 cm in cross section. Before laying them must be checked.
Scheme with titles of the elements of the insulation of the mansard overlap in the cottage Damaged areas are removed or replaced. Mold, fungus eliminate with a grinding machine or ordinary sandpaper. Mandatory beam processing by means of fire, biozochetics.
The next step is to install engineering communications.
Detailed scheme of insulation of the attic overlap The insulation process of the attic includes preparation, laying heat insulation outside and inside, thermal insulation of frontones, finishing. For attic floors, bulk funds are not suitable.
Warming is carried out by slaughter or rolled materials. When using reinforced concrete slabs, the overlap usually insulate the outer and inner part of the roof.
First cleaned the old flooring and check slinge system. If necessary, change the details, repair. If the lags are thinner than the thermal insulator, it is carried out by the bacters of suitable size. All wooden elements are processed by an antiseptic and flame retardant. 
A pair-insulating membrane is attached to the stapler bars so that the smooth surface is from the heat insulation. The insulated material itself is spreading or stacked. On top of the thermal insulator, another layer of vapor insulation material is spread. All seams are closed with scotch. The insulation of the attic ceiling is completed by the manufacture of wooden crate for fastening the finishing materials.
See the video process of insulation of the attic overlap of mineral wool.
The insulation of inter-storey floors begins with the floor level check. If the differences are noted, it is better to eliminate them with a cement-sand tie. Beams are prepared, all traces of mold are eliminated, antiseptic and refractory treatment is carried out. The space between the beams and the design is filled with foam, the residues are cut. Waterproofing or vapor insulation membrane is attached to the beams.
Mounted vaporizolation membrane before insulation of inter-storey overlap They turn the film so that the edges remain open. This will make it better to dry them. In the inherring stage, the insulation is stacked. For inter-storey floors, they advise the use of foam or mineral wool. Waterproofing is mounted over the insulation material and finishing works are performed at the end.
To deal with what is necessary for the insulation of the overlapping of a cold attic, let's clarify, why do you need an attic in a private house and what kind of purpose is it. Our ancestors were erected at home, which could have ever to stand over 100 years, while inside it was warm, and wooden design The roofs remained dry.
Previously, mainly built double roofs With a small slope slope. It was done so that winter snow could stay on the roof. Thus, the snow was used as a natural insulation. In the attic, one or two windows were made and kept them in winter closed, so that the air served the thermal insulator. In the summer, there was a somewhat different situation. The attic windows opened overnight so that the air be cooled, and in the afternoon, they were closed in hot weather so that the air is not heated strongly, adjusting, in such a way, its temperature.
When the snow fell out in the winter, he went to bed with a solid cover to the roof, becoming at the same time natural insulation. Even with large frosts, the temperature in the attic did not fall below zero. Thus, the air in the attic room and the insulation of the overlap allowed the temperature in the house at + 20-25 ° C. The rods of the roof were not insulated, so that the snow, lying on the roof, was not pushed. The rafter system remained open, giving an opportunity for its inspection and repair if necessary. Therefore, in a cold attic, only overlapping is insulated.
If the roofs are insulated, the attic becomes heated by the room, i.e. An attic, which has a completely different functional destination.
Now it remains to find out how to insulate the church of the attic in a private house, and what materials are used for thermal insulation.
There is a wide range of materials for insulation. To determine the choice, it is necessary to take into account the conditions in which the thermal insulation material will be used:
Before deciding on the type of material for insulation of the floor of a cold attic in a private house, it is necessary to take into account, from which material is done overlap. If the sex is made of wooden beams, you can use slab, rolled and bulk insulation. In the case when the attic is made of concrete slabs, then resort to the use of heavy bulk or dense slab thermal insulators. Their use makes it possible to make a cement screed on the floor.
Materials manufactured in plate and mats format:
Bulk materials for insulation floor attic:
Insulation overlap the attic in wooden house It is necessary to perform an environmental, natural and breathable material.
Mineral wool - common and modern heat insulator. Released in rolls or plates (mats). It does not rot and not burn, rodents and various kinds of microorganisms are also not terrible.
The insulation of the overlapping of a cold attic mineral wool begins with laying a lining material on the floor. For budget option Pergan, but more expensive and high-quality option - flooring from a vapor barrier film. The film is laid with the allen, and the jokes are sickling with scotch or fasten with wooden slats, which are fixed by the construction stapler.
The width of the insulation is selected based on the requirements of heat engineering norms for each region. Mineral wool laid between the lags tightly and without cracks. The locations of the joints are sickling with scotch. After the insulation is laid, there are simply boards on the lags, thus forming the floor in the attic. Such a simple solution for creating a floor allows the Minute to "breathe" and normally ventilated in the event of moisture on it. In order to warn moisture in the minorvatu under the roof laying the waterproofing material.
Mineral wool laying are produced in personal protective equipment: dense clothing, glasses, gloves, respirator.
The polystyrene foam or foam is not very dense materials, so they are used when the sex of the attic represents the structure of the lag and beams. In case of the need for thermal insulation, plates use insulation overlapping a cold attic extrusion expanded polystyrene. This material is stronger and respectively denser than the usual foam. Before placing the slab surface should be aligned. From the warm side of the floor, vaporizolation will not be required, since concrete slabs vapor permeability is almost absent.
On the aligned concrete slabs are laid by a vapor barrier film. Next lace out the plates of extrusion polystyrene foam in a checker order. The joints are blending by mounting foam. After the foam dry and hardens, the heat-insulating plates are poured with a concrete solution with a thickness of 4-6 cm. When the screed dry, it is already suitable for use as a floor. Although you can go further and put on the screed any flooring.
Thermal insulation of a cold attic eco-art
Eco-cellulose, lightweight and loose insulation, consisting mainly of waste paper and newspapers. Other components - a bora and boric acid are used as flamesmaking substances.
Before insulation, it is necessary to put the film on the floor. Eco-plating procedure is made using a special reveal installation. The insulation layer is applied with a solid cover without creating slots. Since the eclaw contains a large amount of air, it is usually enough layer in 250-300 mm.
Do not forget that over time, a shrinkage of material will occur. Therefore, apply an emota layer for 40-50 mm.
After the insulation of the overlapping of a cold attic is an eco-art, it must be moistened. Make it can be done ordinary water Or prepare a solution of 200 gr. PVA glue on a bucket of water. Moisten the usual broom in this solution and wet your wool well. After drying, there is a crust - lingin on the surface of the wool, which will not allow you to move wat.
As you can see, the methods of insulation of sex in the attic abound. Which one to apply depends on each specific situation. Main, observe proper technology Styling thermal insulation! Then it will always be warm in your home, and the materials used will serve for many years.
How to insulate sex attic
By ensuring the insulation of the private house and insulation of the roof in terms of rafters, do not forget that special attention should be paid to such a place as a attic.
Development of insulation of the attic overlap of Minvata
Warm air tends to rise to the top, and therefore in temporarily unheated room Heat can go through the cold attic space. Therefore, the insulation of the attic need to be solved without postponing.
The insulation of the cold floor is the attic stone or mineral wool, by and large, you need to do smallly operated rooms that are properly equipped with special roofing ventilation.
An attic, or rather its overlap performs the function of a peculiar border of heat and cold. In such places, the shutters are subjected to intensive exposure to moisture due to condensate formation.
However, it is possible to warm the overlaps in the attic of the house with your own hands. The process of warming insulation in the attic of the Minvata is to create a solid thermal insulation coating, which will differ in a low degree of thermal conductivity.
The technology of insulation of the Minvata overlap in the attic as the thermal insulation of the power flow for pipes implies a strict adherence to its stages and requirements.
By itself, this technology is quite simple and understandable. Good insulation of the floor of the attic with the help of mineral wool helps to close unwanted slits.
For this, the insulation must be laid tight. In most cases, minvat is used for insulation of the attic of the house.
The insulation presented is the most suitable for the work of this type, they can also be insulated the floor surface in the residential premises of the house.
Sketchy insulation of the attic overlap of Minvata
When organizing good insulation of mineral wool, the most optimal temperature will be maintained in the residential premises.
If the procedure is incorrect, then the moisture rising from the floor of the house will lead to condensate formation.
It will accumulate on the ceiling, and then leak through the floors. The resulting temperature difference in those areas where attic floors are adjacent to the walls of the house, initiates the formation of mold and microscopic fungi, which can be causative agents of allergic diseases.
1.1 Insulation Requirements Attic
The process of insulation of the floor of the attic and insulation of the roof of the house with their own hands, and more precisely the level of its quality has a direct impact of not only the dimensions of heat loss, but also for the duration of the operational period stropile design and roofing.
The fact is that water couples inside the heated premises diffuse to the attic of the house. In order for the insulation used to ensure the high degree of calculated thermal insulation layer, it should always be dry.
Based on this, the insulation must be protected from excessive moisture by pairs of ascending heated air using a special playproof material.
If the attic room is well insulated, it will ensure not only high-quality thermal insulation, but also contributes to an increase in the operational period of the entire roofing design.
Warming overlapping of a cold attic Minvata
If vaporizolation is absent, then the steam will penetrate through unprotected overlap attic room and condense on overlap surfaces.
This will lead to the fact that the moisture will be drained on rafters, which under its impact will begin to rot from the inside.
As a result, the likelihood of destruction of the entire roofing cake increases. Thermal insulation indicators of the design are also reduced due to the fact that the tightness of the vaporizolation layer was broken.
Before you insulate the attic, you need to drain the layer and remove moisture from the entire attic space. To do this, perform ventilation through windows. They can be:
In order to ensure the maximum ventilation intensity, the indicator of the total area of \u200b\u200ball the ventilation holes should be 0.2-0.5% of the attic floors.
If all work is carried out competently, then in the winter, the roof will not form icicles. The process of insulation of the attic space is made not from the side of the residential premises, but from the floor of the attic.
So the most convenient to lay the insulation, the choice of which depends on the technology used and constructive features Buildings.
1.2 Features of the insulation of beam overlaps
When implementing such a scheme of insulation using minvats, heat is stored in space between beams. There are almost always enough of their height for this, but if necessary, several bars are stuffed from above.
Ceiling insulation of the Ceiling by the attic
The lower part of the overlap is sewn with the help of a handy material as when the attic of a private house is insulation. To do this, the lining or plasterboard sheets can be used.
Top of the beams produced a bed flooring flooring. It can be a tipped board, a plywood sheet or OSB stove. Mineral wool is settled on a pre-prepared special vapor insulation layer.
An alternative to him can serve as an ordinary film made with polyethylene. If the steam insulating material is fooled, then it is placed in a shiny surface down.
The intermediate distance between the beams is filled with minvata with the desired thickness parameters. The surface of the beams should be equipped with an additional insulation layer.
This will lead to the blocking of the so-called cold bridges and significantly reduce the overall level of heat loss. If the high quality bar was applied to create beams, then the finishing material should be shame right on their surface.
Minvat is located between them as when the roof is insulated with the PPU, and the attic floor is made from above. The use of such technology is especially relevant in homes that are made of logs or bars.
It is important with a high degree of reliability to protect Minvatu from entering the smallest drops of moisture, especially this is true if the roof has minor coating defects, due to which leaks occur.
The layer of mineral wool must be reliably protected from wind exposure from the cornice. For this, plates from minvati have a high density density.
In most cases, when insulating the attic floors, the consumer selection falls on mineral wool. Its advantage is that there are no special skills for its laying.
Mineral wool is distinguished by excellent heat insulating qualities. Its structure consists of thin vitreous fibers, the length of which ranges from 2 to 60 millimeters.
Warming attic Minvata
High sound insulation features are provided due to the presence of a large number of air pores.
These pores are located in space between the fibers and can occupy 95% of the total volume of the insulation. Minvat is represented in three varieties, it can be basalt glass and stone.
Basalt wool is manufactured using molten basalt breeds in which the binding elements are added.
This may be a carbonade type breed that regulates the level of acidity of the substance, which entails increasing the operational term of the insulation. Glasswater exhibits high heat-resistant properties and is able to withstand temperatures up to +450 degrees Celsius.
2.1 Technology of insulation of the attic overlap of Minvata
During the work of mineral wool, it is important to comply with all safety requirements and regulations.
This is due to the fact that in the process of cutting and laying such a material, the air is filled with the smallest particles, which can enter the breathing organs and cause harm to human health.
When making installation, it is necessary to take care of the availability of personal protective equipment. In stock There should be glasses, a respirator and gloves from dense rubber.
The process of insulation of attic floors begins with the selection of the necessary toolkit and additional Materials. Do not do here without:
The essence of insulation technology is that the insulation must be neatly laid into the space between the attic overlaps or beams.
To enhance thermal insulation qualities, reliable vapor insulation protection should be applied. Warm and rich in moisture air will continuously rise from the residential rooms and hit the top through the overlap.
There, in the underpants space, it will face a layer of insulation. Due to the fact that mineral wool is generally recognized considered to be a steamproof material, it will take all the moisture outgoing moisture inside.
If it remains without the right access of air and sunlight, it will gradually be picked up and, in the end, will lose all its heat-insulating qualities.
Cold Cold Inter-storey overlap 20 cm min watts
In order to avoid such destructive consequences, it is necessary under the layer of mineral wool to lay a vapor insulation material.
Before starting the main work, it will be necessary to carefully make the calculation of the desired number of insulation.
The amount of wool purchased depends on how many layers are planned to be used when coating an attic room. In addition, the thermal insulation thickness parameter directly depends on the characteristics of climatic conditions in the region.
Warming overlapping of a cold attic Minvata
When building a private house, special attention should be paid to the insulation of structures. Important elements that are subjected to direct exposure to cold air are overlaps of the first floor with a cold basement, outdoor walls, attic floors, an attic roof. Mineral wool can be used as a universal type of insulation.
The insulation of the overlapping of the Minvata allows you to provide a comfortable floor temperature and maintaining heat in the room. Thanks to its non-hatching, the material can be used both in wooden and stone construction without any concerns.
This insulation is the material of the fibrous structure. Fibers are located in chaotic order. Each manufacturer has its own preparation recipe. All components are melted at very high temperatures, and then burst into thin fibers in the centrifuge. Next, using heat treatment make mineral wool.
For the construction of the Minvat's house produced three species.
In addition to this classification, there is a division in the form in which mineral wool is produced.
For the insulation of the floor covering, it is preferable to use the second option, since the rigid mineral wool will provide a reliable operation of the floor under load.
The positive qualities of mineral wool can be attributed:
Thanks to these qualities, mineral wool received a mass distribution, both in wooden and stone construction.
But it is impossible not to say about its peculiarities and disadvantages, which include:
If not to take into account these features, insulation will become dangerous for a person, for example, the lack of workwear in the workers will result in fraction of the material of the material on the skin and into the lungs. This will cause irritation, itching, allergic reactions.
As the warming of overlapping in the house, mineral wool plates are used in the following cases:
For an individual house when laying in all cases it is necessary that the technology is strictly observed, otherwise the insulation will not perform its function.
When laying the insulation, technology must strictly follow. "Cake" insulation depends on the type of overlap, so let's consider the instructions below.
Overlap of the first floor
In the presence of a cold basement or underground requires insulation of the floor design. Regardless of which building works, wooden or stone, layers are laid in the following order when mounting mineral wool from above:
In a wooden house-building, a slab or rolled material is stacked between lags in compliance with the order of the layers. It is possible to fasten the material from below, it is more competent from the point of view of heat engineering, but very laborious.
Warming by minvata from below
Noise isolation of intergenerational overlaps
As protection against the propagation of sound, mineral wool is placed in the cake of the floor in compliance with the following order:
The event is particularly effective when erecting a brick or concrete house, but in a wooden will not be superfluous.
Note that in the w / w overlapping overlap for damping and air noise is enough 3-5 cm Minvata under the tie. And in the wooden floors, the material layer should be at least 5-10 cm.
Insulation of the attic overlap
If the building provides a cold attic device, it is necessary to protect the overlap of the upper floor. In a wooden building, the mineral wool is stacked between the lags, in the stone - both between the lags and under the cement screed.
The order of laying is the same as in the previous case. The difference lies in the material of the floor covering the attic and the thickness of the insulation layer.
The protection of the design in this case is carried out to prevent unnecessary thermal losses from the room to the room of a cold attic. The heated air accumulates precisely under the ceiling and in the absence of the necessary activities, the attic falls in the uniform, creating large heat loss for the house.
In an individual house there are no requirements for the heat-stash structures, therefore the insulation thickness can be selected approximately. It depends on the territory climate, for most cases, it is enough to protect the mineral wool thickness of 100-150 mm.
To calculate a more accurate value, you can use the help of a specialist or a simple "Teremok" program. It can be found on the network in free access.
Mineral wool is a modern thermal insulation material, which, with proper use, will last long and reliably protect the elements of the building. The material is suitable for work with all types of floors from the basement to the attic.
Hearth overlapping Minvata: attic, floor 1 floor
For a comfortable operation of the building, it is necessary that the attic of the attic is well thermally insulated to eliminate the temperature of the ceiling surface below the dew point. Otherwise, the stains of moisture will be sure to appear on the ceiling and walls, which will only worsen the appearance of the room, but will cause the rise of mold and the development of fungi, from which to get rid of problematic. Therefore, increased requirements are presented to the thermal protection of the attic ceiling.
In accordance with the standards, the heat transfer resistance for the attic overlap should be at least the following value: RO \u003d 4.15 m 2 · ° C / W. Attic overlap country house He is insulated with mineral (basalt) or glass wool plates. The insulation plates need to be laid between ceiling beams or overlap plates. Mineral wool is placed on a layer of vapor barrier or plastic film.
Fungalized thermal insulation material is placed in a shiny side down. The space between the beams is filled with a layer of thermal insulation material. To reduce heat losses through cold bridges, another layer of thermal insulation is stacked on top of the beams.
To reduce heat loss from light fibrous insulation under the influence of drafts, it is protected by vapor-permeable windproof material. The use of such material allows you to increase heat protection Cleansing the attic and protect the insulation from wetting if there will be drops of moisture (with damage to the roof or leakage).
From the cornice layer of the insulation, it should also be protected from wind plates of mineral wool of high density or boards, which are installed on the edge.
An attic or attic rooms separated by partitions on the compartments can be insulated in different ways.
For insulation roofing, the attic and premises are commonly used:
Floors in the attic can be insulated with the following materials:
Behind the insulation of the attic checks of the overlapping and roofs are checked, the gaps are close to packles, wetting in a lime solution. You can also use the mounting foam, silicone adhesives and sealants.
Before performing work, all structures made of wood are coated with antiseptic and flame retardant compositions.
When the roof is insulated from asbetic sheets, special attention should be paid to the processes that are formed by the waves of asbotic sheets. If there are cracks, they are filled with packs in a lime solution.
The presence of protective covers, collars and aprons are checked in places of adjuncing asbocate sheets to parapets, pipes and walls. Inappropriate the elements of the coating on protective overlaps follows at least 15 cm.
Alternative to the insulation of the attic - it is warming up the ceiling in a private house. The effect of work will be approximately the same.
But here the mansard ceiling insulation instructions. Step bypass tell how to spend work from beginning to end
For insulation of attic rooms and attic in a private house, different insulation are used:
The process of insulation is the same for all materials, so we consider insulation the attic on the example of Minvati.
Before starting insulation, the attic must be waterproofing the roof. Mineral wool is universal and convenient to work, has a low thermal conductivity and density, well withstands high temperature and insensitive to an aggressive environment. Also mineral wool is an excellent soundproofer.
The attic slopes can be insulated with plates and mineral wool mats. The plates are tougher, and the mats are elastic, this property helps better and more tightly. Also used mineral wool mats with a foil coating for vapor barrier.
Since usually the thickness of mineral wool is more than the thickness of the rafter, there are lining on them to increase the thickness. Also, the pre-rafter system is impregnated with antiseptic solution.
The mineral wool is placed in the intervals between the rafters on the crate and closes with a wrap for vapor barrier. The vapor barrier film is stacked by the bracket on the rafter system. The width of the floor overlap is visible on the film - the line is stuck along the edge of the canvas. Film joints are isolated by special glue and adhesive ribbon.
Floor insulation ceramzit
Stop the clamzite on the floor of the attic should be on the runneroid. The thickness of the ceramisite layer is determined by the thermal conductivity of the floor, but in any case the thickness of the clause must be at least 15 cm, and better - 20-25 cm.
It is known that through the ceiling can leave up to 15% of heat from the house. Therefore, to reduce thermal losses, the ceiling is insulated by clay and other materials. Ceramzit not only keeps heat, but also increases sound insulation.
Ceramzite is usually used to insulate concrete overlap. To do this, it is covered with a layer of 200-250 mm, on top poured with cement tie up to 50 mm thick. The screed will serve as a floor.
The cement-sandy solution for a screed must be a dense consistency so that it does not flip into a filling from the clay.
Mineral wool insulation
When working with mineral wool, individual protection means are necessary. These are protective glasses, rubber gloves, respirator and long sleeve clothing. It is impossible to work next to the open food and drinking water. Mineral wool hit on the skin causes irritation and itching.
In fact, Minvata is widely used in construction, for example, when the facade of mineral wool is insulation.
Insulation polyurethane foam
Insulation the attic of the polyureture is made by spraying on partitions, roof, frontones and attic floors, so the thermal insulation layer is obtained without seams and joints, that is, a monolithic steamproof layer is obtained.
Polyurethane foam has a low thermal conductivity coefficient, therefore the thickness of the polyurethedane layer is several times less than a layer of minvati or foam.
The use of polyurethaneuate increases useful Square attic room.
The attic, insulated by spraying the polyurethane foam layer, is not subject to the influence of humidity, condensate is not formed on the walls, because polyurethane foam holds warm air inside. Moisture does not pass through polyurethane foam and can not settle on a cold roof.
Warming sawdust
Floor insulation sawdust is used only on non-residential attics, since when the saws, the sawdust will gradually be compacted, which will lead to the appearance of cracks on the concrete screed. The most common solution recipe using sawdust for insulation Paul attic:
The volume of water varies depending on the humidity of the sawdust. A finished solution from sawdust is stacked with layers 20-25 cm thick and tamper. All building materials that are used in the walls of the house must be vapor permeable. That is, it is impossible to use runneroid, polyethylene, tol and other materials that do not pass moisture.
From above, the sawdust layer when insulation is closed by shields from plywood, fiberboard or boards. The thickness of the sawdust layer on the walls should be at least 15 cm, on overlappings and on the floor - at least 25 cm. When the floor insulation, a cement screed is made from a thickness of 5-10 cm.
Insulation of the attic and attic rooms with their own hands - materials and methods of insulation
Warm house for winter and do not know how to insulate the attic overlap on wooden beams? Having gained experience in this matter, I will definitely give the technical moments of thermal insulation, as well as step by step I will describe the order of work.
We must not forget that a significant part of thermal losses occurs through the roof. Therefore, in the construction of buildings with cold attics, it is very important to pay attention to the competent thermal insulation of the ceiling overlap, between the heated room and the attic.
Below I will try an affordable language to explain how the insulation is influenced by the attic on the internal microclimate and total heat loss in the house:
All the factors described are characteristic not only for residential houses. They should be taken into account when designing and building any business buildings on the site in which the heating system will be used (for example, a garage, sauna, barn, etc.).
When choosing materials for ceiling insulation, you should be guided by several criteria. In addition to low thermal conductivity, the insulation of the attic ceiling must have the following qualities:
Taking into account all the indicated factors, for insulation of the attic floors, several types of thermal insulation materials can be used:
Ceramzite has the following characteristic qualities:
All thermal insulation materials on mineral base, to one degree or another, are able to pass out water vapor and air. To protect such insulation from the formation of condensate or the penetration of moisture outside, they must be pontowed using a vapor-permeable hydraulic protection membrane.
In addition to the insulation, there will be lumber, waterproofing, as well as a regular set of carpentry and carpentry tools:
If you plan to use mineral or glass wool for insulation, then I recommend purchasing a special protective suit that is designed to work with these materials. Otherwise, from small glass fibers, in open areas of the skin, strong irritation may appear.
During construction mansard floor or erection of an inclined roof, you can do without expensive and heavy concrete slabs of overlapping. Instead of them, the entire load from the roof perceive wooden bearing beams from logs or timber, cross section of at least 120x120 mm. They usually fit on top of two capital outdoor walls, perpendicular to the long side of the house.
Such beams serve as a supporting structure for the ceiling of the highest floor, and for the floor of the attic room. The same beams will be used to mount the insulation, between the residential house and the attic. Such a type of overlapping is called stitched, because both rough, and finishing ceiling, are taken from the bottom to the beams.
Before insulate the attic overlap, you need to mount the draft ceiling:
| Illustration | Description of work |
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Installation of rough ceiling. To binder a draft ceiling, you should use dry cutting boards with a thickness of 25 mm, or plywood sheets with a thickness of 10 mm. |
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Bearing boards.They must be fixed to the lower plane of the beams and a bar around the perimeter of the room. Stitching boards need to be attached to no clearances and slots, close to each other. For fastening, use galvanized screws 5-6 mm. |
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Waterproofing. When the entire draft ceiling will be laid to the beams, it is necessary to fix the panels of foil polyethylene foam to it. This can be done with a stapler. "Penofol" will perform the functions of heat and waterproofing. Its always need to have a foil layer towards the warm room. |
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Sealing joints. In order to prevent wet air from the room into the insulation, the ends of the polyethylene film should be wrapped onto the walls by 150-200 mm. The joints between the panels need to be sampled with a metallized tape on an aluminum-based basis. |
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Fastening the crate. From the bottom over the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe draft ceiling, to kill the crate of wooden plates with a thickness of 15-22 mm. It is necessary in order to ensure the ventilation air layer between the foam, and the chisto ceiling. The distance between the rails should be about 400-600 mm. In the future, they will be attached to the bottom of the piston ceiling coating. |
Before starting work, all wooden structural elements need to be treated with antiseptic and antipyed impregnations. Antiseptics are needed in order to protect wood from rotting and developing mold fungus. Antipirens give the dry wood flame retardant properties.
After binding a rough ceiling, transverse bearing beams will be on the side of the attic room. In between them, the insulation will be laid.
Depending on the heat-insulating materials used, the further installation technology may have some differences. Therefore, I will briefly tell about the use of the most common types of insulation.
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Parosolation. At first, on top of the draft ceiling, you need to lay a vapor-permeable waterproofing membrane. Its peculiarity is that it freely skips the water vapor molecules, but does not let the bound molecules of liquid water. The panels of membranes must fall with overlap on each other, not less than 150 mm; |
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Installation of insulation. In between wooden beams, lay the sheets or rolls of mineral wool. If it is very soft, it does not need to squeeze it hard or compress. On top of the mineral wool to store another layer of vapor-permeable membrane. In order for it over time, it is not shifted, it needs to be attached to the stapler to beams and walls, throughout the area and around the perimeter of the attic. |
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Laying foam. Pantels of foam or extruded polystyrene foam can be labeled between transverse beams, right over the black ceiling boards. I advise you to lay them in two layers, so that the stakes of the sheets are located in different places, and did not cross each other. |
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Mounting foam. So that the sheets of the insulation are not shifted to the sides, they can be glued to the rough ceiling using a special adhesive for foam or mounting foam. Thus, you need to fill in insulation the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe attic overlap. If there are gaps and cracks between the sheets of foam, they should also be blown from the cylinder by mounting foam. |
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Preparation of the solution. In order for the sawmill-clay solution to be plastic, clay should be soaked in water 2-3 days before the start of work. For the preparation of the solution, you need to take 3-4 volume parts of sawdust, and 1-2 parts of dry red clay without large solid particles and extraneous impurities. Splashing clay to shift water to obtain a liquid fluid solution; To add sawdust to the resulting mixture, and mix it thoroughly to a homogeneous consistency. To protect against the formation of mold, a small amount of copper sulfate can be added to the finished solution. |
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Laying of sawing and clay mixture. Carriers and black ceiling beams, slightly moiste with liquid clay milk. After that, all the gaps between the beams are filled with sawdust and clay solution, and leave for a few days before the final drying. |
| Illustration | Description of work |
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Preparatory work. Pelishes of the ceramisitis do not absorb moisture, and accordingly, they are not afraid of entering water or the formation of condensate. Therefore, they can be used, both with a hydraulic protection membrane, and without it. To condensate through the ceiling, I missed the house, I advise you to line the waterproofing membrane under the pellets; |
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Failure of the pellets. Ceramzite pellets need to be poured on top of the black ceiling boards, and evenly distribute the thick layer throughout the attic area. On top of the clay, no coating material is required. |
In order for the ceramzite pellets to be knocked out in a bunch, and caught all over the attic, a retaining plastic geogrid is applied. It must be stretched in the intervals between the beams, and then in its cells to fall asleep clamzit.
Many residents use a cold attic in their private house, as a storage room for storing long items, seasonal things and any unnecessary trash. In order for a person to safely walk along insulated overlap, in the attic you need to equip a durable draft floor.
The choice of material for mounting the floor in the attic will depend on the type of insulation used:
| Illustration | Features of application |
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Mineral wool and foam. These materials themselves are very soft. In order to do not destroy and not crushed while walking, the upper flooring should be strong enough. In such cases, the carrier beams should lay the sheets of OSB or plywood with a thickness of at least 18 mm. You can also use non-branded edged boards with a thickness of 25 or 30 mm. |
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Extruded polystyrene. It has a higher rigidity, so it can withstand significant loads. In order for it to not be melted when walking, it is enough to put a light laying from thin boards or plywood with a thickness of 5-9 mm. |
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Under the weight of a person, they will crawl into different directions. That this does not happen, over the overlap from the beams you need to lay the sheets of plywood with a thickness of 10 mm, or light wooden trap from the boards. |
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Wideller-clay insulation. After pouring the solution, it becomes solid as cement. On his surface, a person can move freely, even without installing an extra floor. |
When mounting a rough floor covering in the attic, between the boards or sheets of plywood always need to leave the gaps of 15-20 mm wide. This is done so that moisture and condensate can freely evaporate from the insulation.
Using this work algorithm, you can warm the overlap in the attic in your own home. More illustrative information for each method of insulation, you can look at the applied video in this article, and all your comments and questions, I propose to leave in the form for comments.
