Own pond at the cottage is a wonderful opportunity not only to add a highlight to your landscape design, but also make harmony into the surrounding space. What is not saying, nice to sit on a warm bench with a good book, inhale the aroma of herbs and listen to the sounds of pouring water. Create such a miracle with your own hands is not so difficult, you just have to stick general rules.
Proper location - Pledge of a well-kept pond
The first thing you should think about is to choose a place. After all, the pond is a living organism, a certain biological system in which everything is interconnected, and therefore choosing its location, such factors should be taken into account:
Each of the methods gives its advantages: the use of the form makes the process faster and more convenient - it is enough just to dull the kitty the desired shape and put it inside. With the help of the film, you can create a pond of any size, give it a natural, natural form. What to choose - everyone decides itself, based on the idea of \u200b\u200bdesign, financial opportunities and free square.
We will consider in more detail the pond created using the film coating.
In order to subsequently fasten the film, on the perimeter of the reservoir, the depth of which is about 15 cm.
When the pit is ready, the bottom of the future reservoir is always aligned, all small and large stones are cleaned, which can damage the coating. Its surface is pumped by 5 cm with clean washed sand and is covered with geotextile web. The fulfillment of these conditions will allow to protect the film coating from damage and will extend its service life.
The next step is to lay the PVC film or butyl rubber rubber. The size of the canvase is calculated, based on the total length of the pond and its double depth. To secure the canvas along the edge, we take the stock of about half a meter.
The sheet is placed freely, consolidating the edges around the perimeter of bricks. After that, the pond is filled with water. Do not rush to cut the edges immediately: you need to wait about a day so that the material takes the right form. Having cut off the extra film, we leave 25cm under the slate.
The choice of material for the scene is an individual taste: it can be made of tiles, stone, bricks and other things. She stacked on cement mortarand its width should be at least 60 cm.
Create an individual style
After the end of the main work comes the most pleasant moment - decoration of the pond. Given its size, you can settle it with fish, aquatic plants, install a fountain or backlight. On the shore you can make a bench, set a gazebo or brazier - everything that will allow you to enjoy the rest fully.
Decorative pond In the country - a unique element landscape design, Object for a pleasant contemplation. In addition, the pond will moisten the air and improve the illumination of the garden, thanks to the reflective surface of the water stroit. If you think about the arrangement of a personal artificial pond, immediately need to competently approach the selection of style, lighting and decorative elements.
The choice of a place to create a reservoir depends on many factors: the soil, landscape, relief, illumination, presence of vegetation should be taken into account.
| Relief and soil | When choosing a place for the future pond, it is better to stay on the plot for a long time remaining wet after the rain. Obviously, somewhere in the formations of the soil at this place there is clay or loam. If the choice of places is limited, it is always better to choose low sections. |
| Light | The right choice of illumination will give the opportunity to avoid a strong expanding of algae and pond blossom. The perfect option - at noon, the shading reaches no less than 40% of its area, and the general illumination reaches 6 hours. |
| Neighborhood with plants | The pond must be broken down open place, away from high vegetation, which will pollute its surface with leaves, seeds, core. |
| Landscape | The reservoir must harmoniously fit into the landscape of the site. Often it is equipped in front of the house or near the gazebo. |
There is some specificity if the pond is planned to be equipped with alive fish: for example, with Koi carpamas. In this case, it will be important to ensure for them optimum temperature Water, which depends on the breed of fish.
You chose a place for a pond and determined which form it will be. Now it's time for the coppes of the pit. First, turning points and contours are placed by pegs. Then the terraces, a depth of 30 cm and width - 20 cm can be generated. You can form several terrace levels to place plants on them.
Now the main bowl is digging. The level of tilting shores should be approximately 45 ° C. The walls of the bowl must narrow the book to prevent the soil sanding and reduce the weight of the water. The minimum depth of the reservoir should not exceed 60-80 cm: the fine reservoir will be completely freezing in winter, and in the summer heavily warm up, which will make it impossible to breed the flora and fauna.
If it is planned for waterproofing with a film, it is removed for its fixing around the perimeter. A depth of about 15 cm. After the readiness of the pit, it is leveled, all the stones, roots that can damage the film are cleaned. The surface is poured with clean washed sand by 5 cm, the monolithic plate of concrete M150 is poured on top. After frozen, it is completely closed by geotextile web. All these events will allow to protect the waterproofing film from damage and will prolong its service life.
The next step will be waterproofing - laying butyl rubber rubber or PVC maple. The size of the canvase is calculated from the total length of the pond and twice the depth. To make the canvas to fix around the edge, about half a meter of stock. The sheet is folded freely, fixing the edge of bricks around the edge. For elimination negative impact groundwater, Created reliable drainage systemwhich also enters the waterproofing system.
All of the above waterproofing works are carried out before concreting, if such a form of waterproofing device is selected. When creating small ponds, concrete works are first carried out, and then the surface of the concrete is processed into several layers with a mixture of hydroxcins.
Concrete works begin to carry out waterproofing from the casting of the support plate from concrete M150, which is designed to protect the bowl of the reservoir from the grounds of the soil. From above of this slab, waterproofing is stacked after it drying.
After the foundation under the bowl was dug, the drainage system was equipped, a sand-gravel pillow thickness 20 - 30 cm thick, a concrete preparation of a thickness of 10 cm is filled with reinforcement of the pool walls. This will require fittings and 12 mm. The rods are binding to knitting wire in the form of a mesh with 20 x 20 cm cells.
Installation of mortgages - an important stage of work. Before starting formworking, put mortgages: bottom drains, nozzles, headlights, skimmers. Electrician is also laid.
Installation of the formwork is carried out by moisture-resistant plywood thickness of 15 mm and wooden supporting bars. High-quality formwork will help save material and other leveling means.
Concretion is made by heavy concrete grades with plasticizers. Walls are vibrated to not formed emptiness. More convenient to pour the bowl of 2 receptions - first the bottom, then the walls. So that the water does not penetrate through the cold seam of a leaky joint, in the joint, the self-seeping bentonite cord is stolen when exposed to water 6 times.
The alignment of the pool bowl is made by plastering layer. With the help of plaster, you can achieve the perfect smoothness of the pool bowl. The plastered surface of the bowl does not have cracks, voids, depressions and other irregularities.
If initially the pond was planned with the use of water effects: fountains, cascades, jets, then it is necessary to let it in advance underground, waterproof electrocabel. Lighting and pump can be connected to one source.
What elements of the Energy can be introduced into the design of the pond in the country:
There is a huge set water plants. In order for the design of the pond looks attractive and functioning normally, it is necessary that the following types of water plants are present in it:
Methods for the design of the coastline of the reservoir are a lot:
Choosing a way to design a reservoir, it is necessary to repel from its size and shape. The size of the stone should be proportional to the pond itself. Large stones will be harmoniously combined with a large reservoir, and small - with small. IN perfect version There must be similar and shape of the stones.
Large boulders are so stacked around the perimeter so that the part of the stone hung over the water. No need to make a continuous coastline of stones. In the edging of the water branch should alternate plants and stones in an arbitrary order. After placing all the stones, they need to be fixed in cement, blocking into a third of their heights into the solution.
Ponds are strict geometric forms better finish with similar materials: tiles, logs, boards.
The design of the pond may be different - the main thing is that it is combined with the landscape of the site. A variety of stylistic solutions allows you to create amazing compositions that demonstrate the beauty of the water element.
Pond is a mandatory satellite of Chinese gardens. Traditionally, the Chinese pond should drive from large boulders, and the shores should smoothly descend into water. Through the pond, a small wooden bridge was often rented, and next to him put a gazebo for contemplation and tea party. Koi's carps and lotuses are a typical element for a Chinese pond. Chinese style pond is drawn up bright and magnificent vegetation.
French pond is a sample of elegance and refinement and at the same time the rigor of the forms. It attracts clear boundaries and neat shape. As a rule, the coast in the French style rises above the ground level. For this style, the characters of fountains, cascades, steps and sculptures.
A characteristic feature of the Italian pond is its symmetry. The reservoir of the correct geometric shape usually with a decorative fountain or cascade type is at the head of the garden. Since Italian landscapes are regular, composite, terraced, several levels may also be present in the pond. The shores are framed by many decorative plants in pots of terracotta, or in personnel and in beautiful containers. Often Italian ponds are decorated with street lamps.
The Japanese pond should most like natural as much as possible. You will never find in the nature of rectangular ponds, so there are no them in Japanese style. In a Japanese pond, there may be a waterfall, but not a fountain. In general, the art of creating a Japanese pond is similar to the creation of Bonsai - all presents, but in miniature. The pond should be similar to the ocean, pebbles on the shore - on the rock, towering over the ocean. On the shore you can put a sculpture with the image of the Buddha, a dragon, an animal or bird so that it reflects in water stroit.
Pond B. english style It is much easier to equip, as it does not require clarity of borders. The lines of the English pond must be smooth. The English type is usually created by a landscape type - trees and shrubs grow in abundance. Watching English ponds naturally.
After the device on cottage plot Pond and landscape design, for the reservoir will have to be careported. What is included in the concept of care:
The reservoir on the household dacha is prestigious, fashionable and just beautiful. If you contain a large deep pond with fish, it is quite troublesome, then to build a small pond with your own hands on the tools and die even the owner of a small site.
Artificial reservoirs in the landscape design of the country area create an amazing atmosphere contributing to a comfortable rest. Pond gives a feeling of freshness and serves as an indispensable decorative element of the site.
Pond - artificial static pond, park landscape design, cottage plot, garden. Considered the most common and the optimal choice For a plot of any size and configuration.
It can be equipped apart or combined into a harmonious composition with artificial dynamic water bodies: streams, waterfalls, fountains.
Pond is a mandatory element of a Japanese-style site, a mountaineering. Water purified artificially, bottom and shores decorated with plants, stones. Sometimes in the artificial pond in the country is divorced by fish.
Artificial ponds in the garden can be performed in natural or formal styles. Each of them can be constructively buried or raised. Made them out different materialswhich are used for waterproofing bottom - concrete, clay, special tight shape, brick, special film.
The criterion for classifying ponds can be a geometric shape. Eliminate artificial reservoirs of the correct and improper form.
For the construction of a pond in the country, several organizational issues must be solved in the country. First you need to choose materials and a place to build a water branch.
The place for the arrangement of the pond should be chosen, based on the features of the site design - it is recommended to take into account its size, form and layout. It is better to arrange a pond in a place protected from winds and excess sunlight - it can harm the harmonious development of vegetation. The reservoir should be lit by the sun no more than 10 hours a day, but not less than 6 hours.
If you decide to make a pond with a pump, you need to consider access to the power supply system. The pump will be required if the static reservoir is associated with dynamic.
The most popular type of pond is beugoons. To be durable, high-quality waterproofing of the bottom is needed.
Consider common materials for waterproofing:
Stages of construction of a pond at the cottage, apply a harsh shape:
Construction of a pond with film insulation:
Instructions How to make a raised pond in the country:
To make a gun in the country, you will need a few days.
When the pond is ready, it takes the right care:
The video lesson will help you understand the intricacies of work.
Many gardeners dream of at least a small pond on the territory of their garden, but not all of them are able to decide on the embodiment. This is due to the fact that the majority considers the very idea of \u200b\u200barranging the reservoir unreal or, at least requiring serious financial investments.
However, in fact, there is nothing particularly difficult in this. And we will try to convince you by told in this article, what kind of garden reservoirs are and how they can be quickly and without much expenses.
To begin with, let's talk more about what kind of water bodies there are and which of them are quite realistic to equip themselves. After all, it is no secret that, for example, the swimming pool will not only require serious financial resources and a large garden area, but also mandatory compliance with certain sanitary and hygienic conditions.
But decorative reservoirs will require the creation of a special ecosystem, which will prevent the rapid toasting water and will provide excellent aesthetic characteristics.
Artificial reservoir in the garden is most often constructed in two styles.
Classic style involves the correct form:
This type is ideal for the so-called classic landscapes.
Note.
To emphasize strict corners and flat lines, the pond is recommended to edit ceramic tiles or porcelain stoneware.
So you add even more rigor to an ordered style, making it more symmetrical.
The second style is a landscape, which can be absolutely any shape and outline of the coastline. Perfect for garden sites with arbitrary layout.
To give even greater naturalness, it is recommended to do during the arrangement:
By the way, regarding moisture-loving plants, which can be located, depending on the species, both in water and on the shore - are ideal:
From the correct selected place for the pond depends on the overall atmosphere in the garden.
Therefore, picking up a plot, consider the following requirements:
It is also important to avoid the presence of the nearby trees, because:
The sizes of the pond must strictly correlate with the size of your site:
Note. The lake being created should correlate with the size of the garden approximately one to ten.
So you will be able to create a pond, which perfectly fit into the household plot.
It is not a problem to choose the design - it can be bought in specialized stores of gardening goods, the benefit of the price is not so high. Or find in nature.
So, the following details will look at the most effectively:
Note. If the depth of the lake exceeds fifty centimeters, the plants are recommended to be installed on the bottom in the pots.
Pots need to fill with gravel mixed with sand.
So the plants will become not only an ornament, but also will provide water purification.
This section presents detailed instructionstelling how to make a reservoir in the garden with your own hands, using a special film that has a negative impact for many years. high humidity. Clearly follow the details of the described sequence of actions.
At the initial stage, it is necessary to do at least a schematic plan in which:
Tip!
Do not neglect the creation of the plan.
So you can all foresee and avoid alterations, both during construction and after its end.
In addition, this will allow you to calculate the necessary number of certain building materials in advance.
The next stage involves creating marking under the pit - how exactly you will do it, the value does not have, the main outline of the outline and make sure that the shores of the future lake are located at one level.
Earthworks must be carried out in the following sequence:
So you can make a gentle descent in the reservoir or peculiar regiments to install plants.
Note. To prepare, it is best to seek help to professionals or take advantage of the services of an excavator.
If you decide to save, then be prepared for hard work.
Although, if the lake is small, then it can be pulled out in a few hours.
Many have a question - what to do with earth?
There are several solution solving options:
The next step is to measure the depth of the pit. Use the usual cord and to the resulting depth. Add at least fifty centimeters per battery. Naturally, you need to measure, both in width and in length - this is necessary in order to purchase the film you need size.
By the way, with the film you need to be as cautious as possible, in order not to damage it, including probable outsiders that can be on the bottom of the pit:
To do this, first lay an additional layer from:
You can also simply make a subtle from good, purely sand and carefully tumble it.
Before laying the film on the edges of the pit, at a short distance from it - enough incidence of several centimeters - roll out the trench. In it you will lay the edges of the film. Scatter it in order to avoid lumps, compressions and other defects.
Council. Stacking the film is recommended to perform in a warm, sunny day.
So the film warms up and becomes more elastic and militant, there will be no problem to go through all the edges and protrusions of the pit and other obstacles that may be present at the bottom.
To securely fix the edges of the film into the trench, pour it off with rubble. Now you can proceed to the arrangement of the edge of the pond.
First of all it needs to be strengthened - use for this:
Such a strengthen is necessary in order to prevent the shower of the Earth under the film.
To decorate the edge, as well as to hide the benchmark from rubble, holding the edges of the film, use a variety of decorating materials:
The next stage is the arrangement of the pit:
Now you can pour water into the cooked pond. If you have the opportunity to constantly replenish the amount of water, then arrange a kind of sample - this will provide water circulation and prevents it out.
For this you need:
That's all. Reservoir ready.
Now take care of him:
For the man-made lake looks as attractive as possible, the following is not recommended:
Before trying to realize the dream, think carefully, and appreciate your financial and labor opportunities. Be sure to develop a clear plan in which all the little things will be provided - this will allow you to be guaranteed to avoid probable errors.
A small pond will become an excellent garden decoration, although it can also be used as a functional element of arrangement. outdoor territory. We have led you a simple and fast method of creating a reservoir, and additional video in this article will help to better understand the entire information below.
As nice in the streets of a sunny day to sit at the pond, admire the water surface, relax, relax. But what to do, if there is no reservoir nearby? Construct him personally in its area! This does not require tremendous financial influences. All the nuances of the creation and arrangement of a small country pond will be discussed in our article.
If you have conceived to equip the landscape of your site and decided that you will certainly have a pond in the yard, then before proceeding to work, you need to determine which functionality will be at the reservoir on your site.
In its purpose, the ponds can be divided into three types:
The decorative pond can be small, built exclusively for decorating any garden zone. Being the component of the landscape composition, it can be its final stroke or original addition in the design project.
Such a pond is created with aesthetic purpose: they are pleased to admire, sitting in the garden.
Decorative ponds can be larger: the pond itself is deeper, the composition is larger, where the decor can serve bridges, fountains, streams, backlight. In addition to the pleasant sight of the spectacle, such ponds are also a place to stay: on a warm summer day around the reservoir you can stay in the sun loungers and get your dose of ultraviolet.
Which of us does not dream of watching fish, frolic in our own pond and the eyes of households? In addition to the decorative function, this pond will also perform the antidepressant function: floating in the pond fish - an excellent soothing and relaxing agent.
Such a pond should be large enough in order for your fish to feel comfortable. It can be absolutely any form. But anyone would you think of breeding - crucian or ducks - do not forget about the need to filter water, as well as about the enrichment of it with oxygen.
Homemade bathing pond - Salvation in a hot summer day! The size of such a basin will depend on your wishes and from the capabilities of your site. If the size of the site allows you to build a beautiful reservoir in my yard, in which you will swim in the summer. You can do the smaller pool, which will be no less pleasant to just plunge to refreshing on a hot day.
Conditionally ponds can be divided into two large main groups, each of which has many varieties:
Regular pond is created using a finished form. Surely you thought out the landscaped project in advance, so you already present well how the homemade reservoir should look like. Based on the wishes for the design of the pond, you can choose a suitable finished form: they are not only right geometric, but also more complex species: broken, asymmetric, and so on.
The landscape pond differs from the regular in that it does not use the ready-made form.Therefore, the configuration can be given any.
Sizes I. appearance The reservoir can also be different: you can build a small japanese-style armor, the main advantage of which is simplicity, and you can give the will of fantasy, not limited to the standard round shape and create a large water filled with various scenery.
Suppose you have decided on the type and functionality of the pond. Now consider how to practically make an intended idea.
Start, of course, it follows from the definition of the location and the size of the future pond. The choice of space is very important. Still, the pond, even if it is functional, must please the host's eye, complement the landscape composition, perfectly fit into it, or even become an emphasis in your designer project.
Choosing a place for a pond in the country, you must take into account not only and not so much of its visual advantages, how many other factors affecting the choice of space:
For this, be sure to leave a piece of an empty place in the garden on one side of the pond.
The size of the pond, of course, depends on the dimensions of the site, but not only from this. The size of the reservoir depends on your design project, in the end, just from your desire.
So, consider the main parameters:
When you were determined with the location and sizes of the future reservoir, it is time to buy materials. Now in the construction market and finishing materials You can purchase everything you need to arrange a pond:
Most the best choice In this case, this is a fiberglass form with a rubber basis.
The strongest and reliable film - Butylchukovaya: It will last up to 50 years, it is also resistant to frost and very durable.
So, you thought about how your future pond will look like, found for him appropriate place, Determine with dimensions, materials, but you still do not know how much the materials you will need to build your dream pond. To learn this, we will make calculations and, based on the size of the pond, we calculate the optimal amount of materials necessary for its construction.
Suppose we decided to take a polyvinyl chloride film (PVC) as the basis, since this material is available for the price, quite durable and easy to use, and also to be reached.
PVC film is different colors: black, brown, blue (or cream):
When buying a film, the composition should be taken into account (PVC is more durable than, for example, polyethylene film) and thickness (we need a film whose thickness is greater than half a million).
It is also worth paying attention to the manufacturer, strength, ultraviolet resistance and lack of toxic substances.
It is necessary to glue the film in the same place, in a construction store, glue, for example, "tense" or adhesive tape.
After you figure it out with the film, you have to make a sketch of your pond. First draw a mini sketch on paper, and then right on the ground, with the depth and width of the container, as well as the depths and width of the steps. You can write a garden hose or sand - it is convenient.
After all preparatory stages Successfully passed, you can proceed to the main actions:
It sounds quite simple, but be careful, do not forget to take into account all the recesses you need (for plants, for steps, etc.), as well as the features of your reservoir (waterfall, pond, swimming pool). When installing the basin of the big pit, you will have to dig an excavator, as with full-scale construction.
When the case is done, the pit managed to dig, and the walls are tightly tamped, you can start waterproofing. If she does not pay close attention, then the water will turn into the soil, and we do not need it at all. If you act correctly, everything will turn out as it should.
There are three ways to form a substrate at the bottom of your pond:
Consider in more detail the third option, since its result will allow us to enjoy the pond in our garden for many years. The main thing is to act according to the instructions.
The fact that we chose a film method of waterproofing at all does not prohibit us before laying the film to float the bottom of the sand: so we will protect the film from unnecessary damage by stones or roots. When laying, unfortunately, it will not come out to completely do without folds, but it is better to make one big fold than a lot of small: it can then be pressing with stones or glued. The main thing, do not tighten the film, otherwise, it will break through the weight of the water.
To secure it, you need to dig an extra key, lay the film, fasten the rods and sprinkle with stones, and then lay them and self. When you cope with the film, you should pour water into your pit. Do it gently, without a sharp pressure. It should be done carefully: the film is although it is durable, but still from the wrong actions can be spoiled and break. After 1-2 days after the bay of water, you can cut the film.
Now it is necessary to strengthen the shore so that the reservoir looked beautiful and neat. We will pay attention to the soil: if it is a black soil or clay, then you can make vertical walls, if it is sand, then the walls must be inclined. It is believed that the perfect slope of the pond is 45 °. With such a bias, the coast does not appear, and during the freezing period the ice does not repel. Do not forget about plants: Since the depth of landing in all plants is different, it is necessary to foresee the shelves in advance.
It is possible to strengthen the shores of the shore with a geovel or geomat, and steep shores - gabions, pile and retaining walls. By the way, there is an option for those who are not yet ready for such large-scale work on our site, but still wants to be the owner of a small island of happiness in his garden. The pond can be built from very well-in-law. For example, from the tire.
The pit will need a much less deep, the film will need much less, and the joy will eventually be as much. The creation process is extremely simple: you need to dig a hole in the size of the tires, insert it into this recess, put on the bottom of the film, pour water, decorate the outside of stones.
Of course, the pond will be quite small, but if it should be reappearing, it will delight the eyes no worse than a full reservoir.
Of course, that your pond looks spectacular and attractive, it needs to be arranged accordingly: to re-establish plants. So that your reservoir is closest to the similarity with the natural reservoir, it is necessary to do landscaping.
We offer several options:
