What is affected by the angle of inclination of the roof
Roof construction is the last stage of the construction of the house. But no less important than the construction of the walls. After all, the roof protects our housing from bad weather, and the aesthetic side of our dwelling has a lot depends on the type of roof.
So it was done, but flat roofs In our country can only be found in high-rise buildings. Cottages and private houses are crowned with pitched roofs. And one of the main settlement indicators in the construction of the house builders consider the angle of inclination of the roof. Let's look at how correctly you need to count this indicator, from which it depends and how affects the construction of the roof as a whole.
Depending on the roofing device, several types of roofs are distinguished:
So, the roof is considered scope if the angle of inclination of the roof exceeds 10 degrees.
Select the operated and non-exploitable roof.
The non-exploitable roof is when there is almost no space between the roof and the upper overlap, or this space is intended for technical purposes. Such roofs can be flat roofs with an angle of slope from 2 to 7 degrees. In such roofs, the height of the space between the roof and overlapping is no more than one and a half meters.
Build flat roofs profitable. Minimum of the cost of materials, work. The wind does not snew. Again, you can equip an extra room for recreation. Recently, a green roof is very popular on such roofs. But the precipitates such roof can be dug. Therefore, completely flat roofs do unprofitable. The sediments of the puddles will accumulate on the roof surface and destroy it. 
In order to create a natural outflow of water pour onto a flat roof of a layer of ceramit under some slope.
The scanty roofs allow you to use the roof space for moreonal needs - the attic, attic, or even equip in them with careful insulation and residential rooms.
The main influence on the bias of the roof factors can be attributed:
Remember that the maximum snow load on the roof roof is achieved by observing the angle of the roof of the roof of 30 degrees. And with 45 degrees, snow and rain are not delayed at all.
Thus, it is obvious that if you are going to build a house in the region where the sediments are very frequent, the angle of inclination of the roof is 45 degrees - just right. But if there are not so many precipitation, but the wind blows the wind yearly, the optimal option is a roof with a slope of 30 degrees.
How to determine the bias of the roof that will be optimal for your new dwelling?
Remember that the greater the angle of inclination of the roof, the more expenses you will carry on construction work.
The magnitude of the inclination as the ratio of the size of the skate is calculated to half the width of the building and multiplied all this by 100. There are instructions and calculations for the calculation of the inclination of the roof of the roof. Most of them use calculation matrices and special charts. You can familiarize yourself with them in the World Wide Web.
The perfect roof, which would be suitable for all regions and roofing materials have not yet come up with.
So, the magnitude of the slope was calculated. Now we select roofing material. Slate and tile are suitable for the roof with an angle of more than 20 degrees. If the slope is smaller, the water will be dried in the joints, the snow will be clogged, and therefore, the service life of the roof itself will be reduced.
Bitumen-based rolled materials are used when covering flat roofs or angle of inclination of the roof, which exceeds 30 degrees. For high level Heating by the Sun of such roofs and with a larger roof slope simply, it can simply slip.
Metal and metal tile is used on the roofs with a slope of at least 10 degrees.
But the list of the most common roofing materials:
Choosing the roofing material, remember, the more denser its structure, the less there should be a roof slope.
When using metal sheets and metal tiles on gentle roofs, it is recommended to pass joints with moisture-resistant and frost-resistant sealant. As well as the size of the allen sheets when installing the roof of these materials, also depends on the angle of inclination of the roof. Than the roof is steeper, the peak is less. This also applies to the sector.
When installing the roof, do not forget about the ventilation of the space under it. Scope roofs should also be equipped with a water-flow system.
Thus, it can be concluded that the angle of inclination of the roof is a very important indicator. Not only the quality of work depends on it, but also the life of the roof itself. The main thing is to correctly calculate the amount, choose designed design Roofs, high-quality roofing material and a good work brigade. Well, of course, it is not for all this will be needed some bulk budget. Good luck in construction!
In the process of designing the construction of private households, special attention is paid to the roof. When determining the roof inclination angle, the ratio between the height of the roofing structure and its total area is crucial. This depends on the size of the free space on the attic, whether problems with the accumulation of snow masses will appear and will not be carried by the wind roof.
According to the provisions prescribed in construction standards And the rules, it is possible to lay this type of roofing when the slope is located under the inclination of at least 8 degrees. Only with such an angle of the roof from the proflist, atmospheric precipitates cannot penetrate through the joints and holes for the self-tapping screw. At the same time, the editing step of the crate should be 40 centimeters.
But 8 degrees is a minimal angle of inclination of the roof from a professional flooring for the buildings of industrial and audnuality, but for residential buildings this indicator is 10 degrees. If it is planned to install the roof in two or more layers, then this value will be greater.
For this reason construction organizations Provide a guarantee for the work done, provided that it was placed on the roof of the roof with a slope of at least 12 degrees. As for the maximum angle, it can in this case be up to 70 degrees and more.
Therefore, the SNiP when installing the steel professional sheet recommends choosing 20 degrees as an optimal tilt for the roof slide. But in some cases there is a need to make roofs with almost flat, for example, on a gazebo or hozpostroy.
The roofs depending on the angle of inclination are:
Today the best choice The slope of the roof rods between 38 and 45 degrees is considered.
But the minimal bias of the roof from the proflist in degrees is 8. When it is required to equip the roof with an even less bias, then you need to change the design principle. This means that the profile flooring is located below the roofing pie as overlapping the construction.
The main advantages of the construction of roofs with such an inclination are as follows:
When arranging crumbs at home, its owner needs to be known: the greater the angle of inclination, the higher the horse and heavier roofing design. As a result, there is a significant load on the walls and the foundation. With minimal angle of inclination, this problem does not occur.
A slight tilt of the skates leads to noma that the water rolls with them slower, the moisture time to find the slightest slots between the joints and as a result, it seeps inside the roofing cake.
The threshold in this case is the angle of 12 ° - it is still possible to not apply additional measures regarding sealing. Therefore, during the construction of more gentle roofs with a slope of less than 12 °, the laying places of profiled sheets must be treated with special sealants for roofs.
Depends on the choice of inclination roofing materialwhich can be used when arranging the roof. If the slope of a small or roof is flat, then only the carrying profile having a high corrugation is suitable.
You can lay a wall or universal profile on the roof with a steep slide, since the coating will be minimal pressure. Snow from her surface will roll easily, and the water will not be delayed on it.
In the case when the angle is 12-14 degrees, the consumption of the material for the roof will increase, as the size of the allen sheets must be more and you can not use the sealant. But, when the slope is less, then without reinforced sealing can not do. Experienced roofers argue that optimal corner The inclination of the roof from the professional flooring is 15 - 30 °.
In case of insufficient corner, the roof for the professional flooring is not possible to equip the attic, and it reduces the heat loss of the building through the roof to 9%. A small inclination of the roof requires the construction of a more complex system of rafters, which will be able to withstand serious loads. Than this angle is less, the greater the number of backups must be installed.
When calculating the inclination of the roof from the corrugated floor it is necessary to take into account many important data. First of all, it is climate in the region where the structure is planned. Therefore, it is necessary to figure out the height of the snow cover in advance in the winter, whether there is a lot of precipitation, as the wind often blows and in what predominantly direction.
The fact is that the bias of the roof made from the professionalist are determined based on weather conditions In concrete terrain. The minimum value of this parameter is chosen when the house is built in the region where strong wind loads are observed. In these areas, there is a danger of such a phenomenon as "the roof sailing" when its coating breaks with a powerful gust of the wind.
According to SNiP, with an average of wind load, the angle of the skate should be 35-45 °, and with a strong - from 15 to 25 degrees. In areas where strong winds are considered the norm, it is necessary to choose a value close to the minimal bias of the roof from the professional leaf, which will allow the maximum to lower the wind load. In this case, almost flat roofs mounted from this material can be reduced and therefore the absence of steepness cannot be called the best solution.
Snow load, like the wind, has a great effect on roofing. In some Russian regions, a huge amount of snow falls in winter. No rafter design can withstand such. Therefore, in such areas so that the snow mass does not delay, the bias make up to 45 degrees and then the rafters will not need. The precipitate on the steep surface is almost not collected.
For example, in Yakutsk, the snow load can reach 550 kilograms on the "square" of the roof coating area. For this reason, at home there is erected with steep and high roofs. Even a small snowy layer weighs a lot of enough and, unlike rainfall, it is delayed on the roofs, reaching a height of more than a meter. In this case, the worst is roofing with a minimal slope slope.
Professionals calculate the bias of the roof using a special device - a slighter or formula.
There is a simpler way - you need to learn the length of the catech and hypotenuses. In this case, the hypotenuse is a straight skate, the opposite cathet will be the distance from the overlap to the skate, and the adjacent cathelet is a segment between the cornese skate and the middle of the overlap. Then use trigonometric functions or engineering calculator.
When determining the slope for the future roof, a number of factors take into account:
If it was necessary to build a housekeeping, a garage or to build a canopy, then the roof for them can be made independently. For these purposes, a single-handed roof of the corrugated will be perfect. This species Designs are easy to design and execution, easy to maintain, is distinguished by strength, durability (read: ""). The cost of building such a roof is low, and it is possible to build it in the shortest possible time.
Before mounting such a roof it is important to choose the right slope single Roof Of the professional flooring, the thickness of the material and the cross section of the roofing elements. This is required to ensure an effective leads for atmospheric precipitation.
Despite the sailboat of the proflists, a single-sided type of roof with its proper location will be safe even with strong wind gusts, while special attention is paid to waterproofing.
The size of the roof of the canopy or cozpostroy is chosen not arbitrarily, and taking into account the climatic characteristics of the area of \u200b\u200bresidence, the amount of precipitation, the prevailing rose of the winds, such as the rafter design, the length of the skate and roofing coating.
If there is no water overflow between the corrugations, this tilt of a single-bedroom roof from a professional flooring is minimal.
As a rule, the minimum inclination angle of the roof from the proflist with reinforced rafters is built in the regions with a warm climate and a small amount of precipitation. To reduce the degree of heating of the premises from the inside of the house, in the roofing cake involve thermal insulation and ventilated clearance.
On gentle roofing when laying a professional flooring, we need to use sealing tapes and special mastic for processing the junction places and overlap. From leaks and damage, such roofs are protected by waterproofing membranes.
If a roof is built with a slope of less than 10 degrees, experts advise the use of a three-layer modern membrane. Only this material is able to protect roofing pie From penetration of dampness.
With a minimal inclination of the roofing, it is necessary to build a waterproof system for it. Both moisture and snow are delayed on such surfaces, so the bias are designed so that the water goes towards the funnel, if the system is internal, or gutters, when the drainage design is outdoor.
With a minimum bias, the professional flooring is placed on the lattice and fixate with self-strokes with rubber gaskets. The smaller the angle of inclination, the greater the alternate of the sheets should be, as a result of which the effective area of \u200b\u200broofing material decreases.
The standard system of the rafter is installed in a step of 60 -100 centimeters, but with a minimum bias, this distance is reduced to 40 centimeters and then the base is obtained more durable and easier to carry the accumulation of snow masses on the roof.
With slopes S. minimal value Between rafters and professional flooring necessarily the presence of a ventilated gap, or rather: the less tilt, the one should be greater, and this is at least 50 millimeters.
Roof construction technology with a minimal slope of the profiled sheet as follows:
The construction of the roof is one of the important stages of construction. The roof protects the housing and performs aesthetic function, making the design of the building completed. Choice suitable material - Not the only significant nuance. It is also necessary to correctly calculate the bias of the roof. About how to do this, this article will tell.
IN modern projects Country mansions take into account a large number of requirements. The performers are forced not only to abide by the norms, but also to implement the wishes and caprises of customers. However, in the foreground, still regulatory requirements, After all, the roof, first of all, should be reliable. Therefore, often architectural sings go to the background.
Roofing should perform its direct purpose - to protect against moisture.In some cases, thermo- and sound insulation is required. This is necessary to improve the functionality of the premises under the roof. Therefore, the design of the roof cannot be called a simple matter. This work requires emergency responsibility, especially if the customer insists on a complex configuration. In various situations, professionals apply various techniques. Calculations are made using appropriate software.
The theory of calculations can be interesting and owner of the house. For example, such knowledge makes it possible to check whether professionals applied properly. They also help competently represent their copyright ideas. In addition, the calculated parameters allow you to determine the desired number building materials and for rafter systemand roofing.
Features of calculations are that professionals use different values \u200b\u200bfor measurements. For example, not all measure the angle of the skate in degrees. In the usual use of some masters there are such concepts as a percentage or relative aspect ratio. You also need to know what is accepted for the angle of inclination of the roof.
The angle of inclination of the roof is formed by the intersection of two parameters:
This parameter is measured from the top edge to the base of the rafter system. When calculating consideration, only sharp angles are taken, since stupid slopes are not by definition. Cool rods are rare. As a rule, they are used for decorative design (for example, when turrets are built in gothic stylistics).
Cool can be roofing a mansard species. In this case, the lower rafters are placed under a very large angle. On ordinary roofs are mounted to 45 degrees.
For a better presentation, it should look like, you can take the vehicle and look at divisions indicating degrees.
The inclined angle value is calculated as the ratio of the skate parameters to half the width of the structure, multiplied by 100. Most professional builders use so-called table charts. Depending on the indicators, the roof is customary to subdivide by type.
Experts allocate several main types of roofs.
Also, experts allocate types of roofs that can be subsequently exploited, and options that are not subject to operation. If the professionals rank to the type of non-exploitable, it means that there is practically no space between the roof and the upper overlap. This territory can be used, but only as technical. For example, such a little single-sided roof.
One scanty roofs Maximum profitable for construction. They require a minimum of materials costs, you can do the work yourself. If the roof is characterized by a small bias, then on its surface you can realize the resting place without the structure of a complex attic.
The space under the roof can be used if the type of roof is scathing.The attic territory can be used for household needs. Also, at the expense of it, you can expand the living space.
The choice of one or another type of roof is associated with many nuances. One of the mains is a climatic factor.
For example, a huge burden on stropile design May occur due to wind.Even a minor increase in the inclined angle increases the wind load. For example, if the angle of inclination of the roof is more regulatory indicators by 30 degrees, the wind load becomes greater than five times. Therefore, even a minor increase in the indicators can play with the owner of the house a dick joke in a spawning disaster.
No less destructively act on the quality of the roof of atmospheric precipitation. At the same time, a competently chosen slightly greater bias will allow to avoid accumulating snow on the surface. Snowborne snow will not be at all with the bias of the roof of 30 degrees. And with a bias of 45 degrees, regulatory indicators for snow load on the roof will be observed.
In the Northern countries (Sweden, Finland, Norway, etc.), it is customary to do very high pitched roofs. Obviously, on high skates snow is not delayed. However, it is believed that some snow layer on the roof plays the role of additional thermal insulation.
To eliminate the risk of a breakfall break, a solid rafter system is performed, because the high weight will affect the entire design.
It is worth remembering that the larger the inclined roof angle, the more funds will have to spend on construction. Also, costs are associated with the choice of a roof covering option (not all materials can be laid on high scope roofs).
Before choosing a roofing material, it is worth considering carefully technical features Coatings. This will help take the optimal solution and choose the most reliable option. There are rules that determine the connection of the roof inclination angle with the roofing structures used.
A slate or tile can be laid on the roof with a minimal bias of 22 degrees. On roofing with a smaller bias in places docking parts will accumulate and leak into the moisture. If the roof has a slope with a smaller degrees, you can use runneroid and other bitumen materials that are mounted by a solid web.
Manufacturers of the profiled sheet state that this material can be laid at the lowest permissible angles of 12 degrees. At the same time if the angle of the skate is minimal, then the joints between the sheets must be sampled by sealant.
For metal tiles, the minimum possible slope of the skate is 14 degrees. In this case, there are rules for arranging overlaps. For example, if angle is more than 45 degrees, the installation site of an uninterrupted board changes. Also changes and the way of mounting the skate itself. With small values \u200b\u200bof the magnitude between the skate bar and the tile attaches a bowl. He does not allow snow penetration under the roof.
For the roof covered with ondulin, the minimum possible bias is 6 degrees. For soft tile The optimal bias of the surface is 11 degrees. Although for this material is permissible and greater bias. At the same time, the shap must be necessarily solid.
Covers differ greater versatility membrane type. PVC membrane, EPDM membrane, the membrane TPO is modern materials suitable for the roofs of any form. The versatility of materials is caused by excellent technical characteristics and long service life.
When choosing one or another coating material, not only the features of the skates, but also the strength values \u200b\u200bof the roof. Designs must hold not only their own weight, but also a mass of roofing material. In addition, the entire roofing system must successfully confront external loads.
With the slope slope often associate not only the choice of materials, but also the choice of the type of crate. If the angle of the skate is of a slight value, the solid doom is mounted. Also when installing flat roof Required drainage system. For any kind of roofing, there are regulatory parameters. They should be borne in mind, even if the simplest flat option is selected.
Flat roofing is a simple event. The main thing is to use correctly selected high quality material. An important value is the flap of a flat roof.
In fact, the flat roof is not completely horizontal. On such a roof, a balancing is constructed equal to 15 degrees. The biases must necessarily be present, since only in this case the water will flush into the drainage. If the balancing is not done in accordance with the established norms, weaving water will be formed on the roof surface.
When choosing one or another fundamentals, the type of design should be considered. For example, if there are wooden floors, then the extra weight for the roof is contraindicated.
To date, you can find special plates that have high thermal insulation qualities. Such plates have a wedge-shaped form. Material is enough to put on a flat surface. It turns out a slope corresponding to the regulatory indicators. The only drawback of the material is quite high cost.
When using other materials to begin with, you need to make sure that the surface is absolutely smooth. Then the beaches are installed on it. The bias should be sent to the drainage.
When creating a balancing, it is worth considering the area of \u200b\u200bthe roof. For the roof of the garage, for example, it is worth considering one skate, which will be sent to the drainage funnel. Row for a standard house of 80 square meters. M will be 2-4 slopes. At the same time, they must all go to drainage systemIn order to freely deliver water into it.
If there is no difficulty with the arrangement of a flat roof, then engineering calculations are needed to mount the roof with several skates. The easiest way to count and determine the values \u200b\u200bin degrees. For example, for the arrangement of the roof with a blockage angle of 30 degrees, it is possible to use a mathematical manner.
For this, two measurements will be required.
Mathematical calculation is made by the formula. You can calculate the desired parameter as follows: i \u003d H: L. For example, the length of the embedding is 5 m, and the height is 3M. In this case, the slope will be equal to 0.6 (when calculating i \u003d 3: 5). This magnitude must be multiplied by 100. It turns out 60 percent.
To transfer the value of the degrees, you can apply a special table of relations. It can be found in specialized textbooks. Sometimes such a table can be found on sale in construction hypermarkets. Translate relative values \u200b\u200bis optional. At the values \u200b\u200bfrom the given example, the angle of inclination will be 30 degrees.
Specialists in their dimensions do not always use the transferable table. The percentage coefficient can be applied on a par with a coefficient in degrees. In general, professionals are applied in the calculations special tools. For example, the area parameter can be measured using a special inclusion.
The tool is a rack ruler. One axis contains a familiar scale in centimeters, the other is a pendulum. If the rake with divisions lies horizontally, then the pendulum will show zero. When measuring the slope of the rake, it is mounted perpendicular to the skate. At the same time, the scale shows the result for a specific value immediately in degrees.
Currently, you can find a variety of tools on the market that can be measured. Levels can be both drip type fixtures and electronic devices. In this regard, the mathematical method of measurement cannot be considered relevant. Modern devices Allow more accurate calculations.
Roofs of private houses, as a rule, always have rods - such a roof design is most easy to operate and maintain. Water and snow are better and faster from such roofs, which guarantees excellent waterproofing. Yes, and the appearance of a private house becomes more attractive.
In addition, it appears extra room In the attic, which can be used for accommodation and devices of the attic or for numerous business needs.
To make the roof reliable and convenient, it is necessary to correctly calculate the angle of the roof of the roof, which depends on many reasons. First of all, these are climatic conditions for the residence and characteristics of the roofing material. Natural conditions affecting the magnitude of the roofing scope:
With a small slope of the roofing rods, as a result of strong busting winds, water can get under the coating joints.
In the question, what angle of the roof rope must be done, the view is of roofing:
From the above, we can conclude that the decision on the optimal coal of the roof of the roof depends on natural conditions, such as roofing material and the capabilities of the owner of the house.
With a large slope, the consumption of materials during the construction of the roof increases.
In addition, the type and step of the crates depends on the inclination of the roof. The smaller the bias of the roof, the less should be the step of the crate. For minimum angles, it is from about 35 to 45 centimeters.
When calculating the angle of inclination of the roof, it is necessary to take into account that the higher the average annual temperature and less precipitation, the more canopy you can build a roof.
At the same time, it is necessary to take into account that the type and design of the drainage system of the whole house depends on the inclination of the roof.
Choosing an angle of inclination of the roof, depending on different factors
When determining the inclination of the roof, there is no perfect solution that is suitable for all climatic requirements. It is important to find the optimal option on which the consumption of materials and costs of funds depends.
Than more square Roofs, the more expensive it stands.
The recommended roof skate angle is from 20 to 45 degrees.. When it is increased, it is necessary to take into account the creation of additional structures to enhance the entire structure. A decrease in the angle will result in additional consumption of materials to ensure normal waterproofing the roof of the house.
