This state standard applies to all types of formwork for the construction of monolithic concrete and iron concrete structures... The document provides a classification different types formwork, the main parameters of the formwork quality are given, general technical requirements to the structure, formwork materials (and formwork tests), as well as safety requirements. Let us dwell in more detail on some points of this document. The main quality parameters depending on the formwork class are summarized in Table 1: “Table 1

	Metric values ​​for classes
Manufacturing and assembly accuracy *:
deviation of the linear dimensions of the seams at a length of up to 1 m (up to 3 m), mm, no more			At the request of the customer
deviation of the linear dimensions of the panels at a length of up to 3 m, mm, no more than the differences on the shaping surfaces:
butt joints of panels, mm, not more
deck butt joints, mm, not more
specially organized ledge forming west to concrete surface, mm, no more
deviations from straightness of horizontal elements of floor formwork at length l, mm	l / 1000, but not more than 10
deviation from the straightness of the shaping elements at a length of 3 m, mm, no more
deviations from straightness of vertical bearing elements (racks, frames) of floor formwork at height h, mm, no more
deviation from flatness of forming elements at a length of 3 m, mm, no more
difference in the lengths of the diagonals of the boards 3 m high and 1.2 m wide, mm, no more
deviation from right angle shields of forming elements at a width of 0.5 m, mm, no more
through slots in butt joints, mm, no more
height of protrusions on shaping surfaces, mm, no more
number of protrusions per 1 m2, pcs., no more
height of depressions on shaping surfaces, mm, no more	Not allowed
number of depressions per 1 m2, pcs., no more
The quality of the concrete surface of the monolithic structure after stripping:
deviation from flatness at a length of up to 1 m (up to 3 m) mm, no more:
diameter or largest size sinks, mm, no more:
cavity depth, mm, no more:
height of the local influx (protrusion), mm, not more:
	Not allowed

... "The considered formwork, namely the sliding formwork of NERU LLC, delivered to the construction site under the contract, belongs to the 1st class in terms of manufacturing accuracy and installation accuracy (this is due to the requirements for finished reinforced concrete structures). In this regard, the requirements of the first column of the table are imposed on this formwork. Section 6 "General technical conditions»Discusses the main characteristics, requirements for materials and coatings, completeness and methods of marking the formwork. So, the following requirements are imposed on the formwork design:"6.1.4 The formwork design must ensure: - strength, rigidity and geometric invariability of shape and size under the influence of assembly, transport and technological loads; - design accuracy of the geometric dimensions of monolithic structures and the specified quality of their surfaces, depending on the class of formwork; - maximum turnover and minimum cost per turnover; - minimal adhesion to the set concrete (except for non-removable); - the minimum number of standard sizes of elements, depending on the nature of monolithic structures; - the possibility of large-scale assembly and readjustment (changes in overall dimensions or configuration) in the conditions of the construction site; - the possibility of fixing embedded parts in the design position and with design accuracy; - manufacturability during manufacture and the possibility of using mechanization means, automation during installation; - quick disconnect of connecting elements and the ability to eliminate gaps that appear during long-term operation; - minimization of material, labor and energy costs during installation and dismantling; - Convenience of repair and replacement of elements that are out of order; - tightness of forming surfaces (except for special ones); - temperature and humidity conditions required for hardening and concrete gaining of design strength; - chemical neutrality of the shaping surfaces to concrete mix except in special cases; - quick installation and dismantling of the formwork without damaging the monolithic structures and formwork elements. " Requirements for backlash in formwork joints:"6.1.11 The backlash in the hinged joints of the 1st and 2nd class formwork elements shall not exceed 1 mm." Requirements for coatings in terms of the considered formwork: "6.3.2 Metal surfaces formwork elements of the 1st and 2nd classes, not in contact with concrete, must have protective coatings in accordance with GOST 9.032, GOST 9.303 or have anti-corrosion properties that ensure the specified turnover under operating conditions. "

Requirements for completeness, marking and packaging: "6.5 Completeness 6.5.1 The formwork shall be supplied by the manufacturer as a complete set in a condition suitable for operation, without additional modifications and corrections (or element by element at the request of the customer). 6.5.2 The composition of the kit and the availability of spare parts are determined by the customer's order. 6.5.3 If necessary, by agreement with the customer, the formwork kit includes tools and accessories for mounting, dismantling, and moving. 6.5.4 Formwork kits must be supplied with operational documents in accordance with GOST 2.601: - formwork passport; - operating instructions (with installation diagrams and 6.6.1 On the main elements of the formwork of the 1st and 2nd classes (boards, frames, beams) on surfaces not in contact with concrete, from the non-working side must be applied with indelible paint with impact or other in the following way markings: - index of the formwork element in accordance with this standard; - date of manufacture; - the name of the manufacturer or its trademark. 6.6.2 Each package must have transport markings in accordance with GOST 14192. 6.7 Packaging 6.7.1 Elements of formwork larger than 1 m in size should be packed according to brands in transport packages that ensure the integrity and safety of products during transportation and storage. 6.7.2 Fasteners, locks, bolts, nuts, washers and other small-sized formwork elements, accessories, tools and connecting elements must be packed in containers that ensure the safety of the products. 6.7.3 Before packing, the formwork elements must be preserved in accordance with GOST 9.014 (for group IV), with the exception of fasteners and other small-sized elements belonging to group I-1 (GOST 9.014). VZ-1 protection option with a validity period of temporary corrosion protection of at least 12 months. 6.7.4 Each package and box must be accompanied by a packing list (inventory) of the elements of this package. The inventory must be available for removal without opening the package and protected from moisture. 6.7.5 Documentation (inventory) supplied with the formwork must be hermetically packed and ensure tightness, watertightness, and the safety of documentation. 6.7.6 When supplying formwork kits, the technical documentation must be enclosed in a container with the inscription “Documentation” on it. ... "

Safety requirements:“7.1 Connecting (fastening) formwork elements of all classes must have devices that prevent spontaneous opening, unscrewing, undocking or falling out under concreting conditions and other working influences on the formwork. 7.2 The design of the formwork should provide for the presence of a working platform. The width of the working platform must be at least 800 mm outside the formwork dimensions. 7.3 The design of the formwork must provide protection against falls from a height in the form of guardrails. Guards should run the entire length of the outside of the platform. The height of the fence should be at least 1100 mm, the distance between the horizontal elements of the fence - no more than 500 mm. 7.4 The formwork structure should provide means of access for climbing to the working platform (vertical or inclined ladders, etc.). 7.5 The design of large-size formwork elements must provide for anchoring means intended for lifting them by lifting mechanisms during the installation and dismantling of the formwork. "

In accordance with this document (Section 8 "Acceptance Rules"), the formwork must be tested (acceptance and periodic) for a large number of parameters specified in GOST. These include tests for the accuracy of manufacturing and assembly, versatility, level of product unification, labor intensity of assembly and disassembly, maintainability, etc. At the same time, "formwork tests are carried out according to programs and methods developed by formwork developers." manufacturer's warranty: “12.1 The manufacturer must ensure that the formwork meets the requirements of this standard. The warranty period for the operation of the 1st class formwork is set 12 months from the date of shipment to the consumer, subject to the rules of transportation, storage, operation and provided that its turnover does not exceed the standard, 2nd class formwork - 6 months, 3rd class formwork - established by agreement between the manufacturer and the customer. "

We also present the obligatory Appendix B, which regulates quality indicators for both all types of formwork and for specific types of formwork:

"APPENDIX B(required)

The nomenclature of quality indicators established in the technical conditions for specific types of formwork

B.1 In the technical conditions for specific types of formwork, the values ​​of quality indicators are established, the nomenclature of which is given in Table B.1. Table B.1

Name of indicators, unit of measurement	Applicability in technical conditions, depending on the class of formwork
For all types of formwork
Formwork class
Bearing capacity, tf / m2
Specific weight, kg / m2
Dimensions and tolerances of the main formwork elements, mm
Rigidity:
deflection under load, mm
Design loads:
lateral pressure of concrete mix, kgf / m2
load when concreting floors, kgf / m2
wind loads, kgf / m2
horizontal displacement loads, kgf / m2
Adhesion to concrete *:
adhesion load at separation at angles of 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° (depending on the type of formwork), kgf / m2
Versatility:
Product unification level:
number of standardized elements, pcs.
Labor intensity of installation and dismantling, man-h
Maintainability:
specific total labor intensity of repair, man-h / unit. revolutions
Block formwork of the outer contour (block form)
Sizes of boards and blocks, mm
Panels tilt angle, degrees
Reversible formwork
Section sizes, mm
Spans of floors, mm
Method of installation and stripping
Sliding formwork
Dimensions of the structure to be erected, including wall thickness, mm
Lifting equipment drive type and its main characteristics
Mounting, lifting and dismantling method
* Depends on the duration of concrete contact with the formwork in hours. ** For cladding or waterproofing. Notes 1 The "+" sign means that a quality index must be set for this class of formwork. 2 The sign "-" means that it is not necessary to set the quality index for this class of formwork.

GOST R 52085-2003

STATE STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

FORMWORK

GENERAL TECHNICAL CONDITIONS

STATE COMMITTEE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
CONSTRUCTION AND HOUSING AND UTILITY COMPLEX
(GOSSTROY RUSSIA)

Moscow

Foreword

1 DEVELOPED by the working group of the Technical Subcommittee on standardization and technical regulation PK 3 / TKS 71 "Formwork and formwork for monolithic construction" consisting of: STC "Stroyopalubka" CJSC "TsNIIOMTP", Department of State Construction Policy (including licensing) of the Gosstroy of Russia, LLC PSF "Krost"

INTRODUCED by the Department of State Construction Policy (including licensing) of the Gosstroy of Russia

2 ACCEPTED AND PUT INTO EFFECT by the resolution of the State Construction Committee of Russia dated May 22, 2003 No. 42

3 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME

STATE STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

FORMWORK

General specifications

FORMWORKS

General specifications

Date of introduction 2003-06-01

1 area of ​​use

This standard applies to all types of formwork for the construction of monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete structures.

2 Normative references

SNiP 2.01.07-85 * Loads and impacts

SNiP 3.01.01-85 * Organization of construction production

SNiP 12-03-2001 Labor safety in construction. Part 1. General requirements

GOST 2.114-95 ESKD. Technical conditions

GOST 2.601-95 ESKD. Operational documents

GOST 9.014-78 ESZKS. Temporary anti-corrosion protection of products. General requirements

GOST 9.032-74 ESZKS. Paint and varnish coatings. Groups, technical requirements and designations

GOST 9.303-84 ESZKS. Metallic and non-metallic inorganic coatings. General requirements for selection

GOST 380-94 Carbon steel of ordinary quality. Stamps

GOST 2695-83E Hardwood sawn timber. Technical conditions

GOST 3826-82 Woven wire meshes with square cells. Technical conditions

GOST 3916.1-96 General purpose plywood with outer layers of hardwood veneer. Technical conditions

GOST 3916.2-96 General purpose plywood with external veneer layers conifers... Technical conditions

GOST 4598-86 Fiber boards. Technical conditions

GOST 4784-97 Aluminum and wrought aluminum alloys. Stamps

GOST 5264-80 Manual arc welding. Welded connections. Basic types, structural elements and sizes

GOST 7871-75 Welding wire made of aluminum and aluminum alloys. Technical conditions

GOST 8486-86E Softwood lumber. Technical conditions

GOST 8617-81 Extruded profiles from aluminum and aluminum alloys. Technical conditions.

GOST 8713-79 Submerged arc welding. Welded connections. Basic types, structural elements and dimensions

GOST 9463-88 Round coniferous timber. Technical conditions

GOST 1050-88 Rolled bars, calibrated, with a special surface finish made of high-quality carbon structural steel. General specifications

GOST 10632-89 Chipboards. Technical conditions

GOST 11533-75 Automatic and semi-automatic submerged arc welding. Welded joints at sharp and obtuse angles. Basic types, structural elements and dimensions

GOST 11534-75 Manual arc welding. Welded joints at sharp and obtuse angles. Basic types, structural elements and dimensions

GOST 11539-83 Bakelized plywood. Technical conditions

GOST 13268-88 Tubular electric heaters

GOST 14192-96 Marking of goods

GOST 14637-89 Plates of ordinary quality carbon steel. Technical conditions

GOST 14771-76 Gas shielded arc welding. Welded connections. Basic types, structural elements and dimensions

GOST 14806-80 Arc welding of aluminum and aluminum alloys in inert gases. Welded connections. Basic types, structural elements and dimensions

GOST 15150-69 Machines, devices and other technical products. Versions for different climatic regions. Categories, operating conditions, storage and transportation in terms of exposure climatic factors external environment

GOST 16523-97 Rolled sheet carbon steel of high quality and ordinary quality for general purposes. Technical conditions

GOST 19414-90 Glued solid wood. General requirements for serrated adhesive joints

GOST 20850-84 Glued wooden structures. General specifications

GOST 21778-81 System for ensuring the accuracy of geometric parameters in construction. Basic Provisions

GOST 22233-2001 Extruded profiles from aluminum alloys for translucent enclosing structures. General specifications

GOST 23518-79 Gas-shielded arc welding. Welded joints at sharp and obtuse angles. Basic types, structural elements and dimensions

GOST R 15.201-2000 System for the development and launch of products. Products for industrial and technical purposes. The procedure for the development and launch of products for production

GOST R 52086-2003 Formwork. Terms and Definitions

TU-16.K71-013-88 Heating wires.

3 Definitions

3.1 In this standard, terms are used in accordance with GOST R 52086, GOST 21778.

4 Formwork classification

4.1. Formwork is divided into types depending on:

Type of cast-in-place and precast-monolithic structures;

Constructions;

Materials of load-bearing elements;

Applicability at different ambient temperatures and the nature of its impact on the concrete of monolithic structures;

Turnover.

4.1.1 Types of formwork depending on the type of monolithic structures to be concreted.

4.1.1.1 Formwork of vertical monolithic structures (including inclined vertical ones):

Formwork of foundations;

Formwork of grillages;

Wall formwork;

Formwork for bridges, pipes, cooling towers;

Column formwork, etc.

4.1.1.2 Formwork of horizontal monolithic structures (including inclined horizontal):

Slab formwork (including beams and ribbed ones);

Formwork for domes (spheres, shells, vaults);

Formwork for bridge spans (overpasses and other similar structures).

4.1.2 Types of formwork depending on the design.

4.1.2.1 Small-board:

Modular;

Collapsible.

4.1.2.2 Large panel:

Modular;

Collapsible.

4.1.2.3 Block:

External contour (block-form) (detachable, one-piece, readjustable);

Internal circuit (detachable, one-piece, readjustable).

4.1.2.4 Volumetric adjustable:

U-shaped;

L-shaped;

Universal.

4.1.2.5 Sliding.

4.1.2.6 Horizontally movable:

Rolling;

Tunnel.

4.1.2.7 Climbing:

With a mine hoist;

Leaning on the structure.

4.1.2.8 Pneumatic:

Lifting;

Stationary.

4.1.2.9 Fixed:

Included in the design section of the structure;

Not included in the design section of the structure;

With special properties.

4.1.3 Types of formwork, depending on the materials of its supporting elements:

Steel;

Aluminum;

Plastic;

Wooden;

Combined.

4.1.4 Types of formwork, depending on the applicability at different ambient temperatures and the nature of the effect of the formwork on the concrete of monolithic structures:

Uninsulated;

Insulated;

Heating;

Special.

4.1.5 Types of formwork depending on turnover:

Single use (including non-removable);

Inventory.

4.2 The applicability of the types of formwork is given in Appendix A.

5 Basic quality parameters

5.1 All types of formwork are subdivided into classes 1, 2 and 3, depending on the manufacturing accuracy, installation accuracy and turnover rate.

5.2 Indicators of the quality of the formwork, depending on the class, are given in table 1 and table 2.

Table 1

Name of indicators, unit of measurement	Metric values ​​for classes
Manufacturing and assembly accuracy *:
deviation of the linear dimensions of the seams at a length of up to 1 m (up to 3 m), mm, no more			At the request of the customer
deviation of linear dimensions of panels at a length of up to 3 m, mm, no more differences on shaping surfaces:
butt joints of panels, mm, no more
deck butt joints, mm, not more
specially organized protrusion forming west on a concrete surface, mm, not more
deviations from straightness of horizontal slab formwork elements along the length l, mm	l/ 1000, but not more than 10
deviation from the straightness of the shaping elements at a length of 3 m, mm, no more
deviations from straightness of vertical bearing elements (posts, frames) of floor formwork at a height h, mm, no more
deviation from flatness of forming elements at a length of 3 m, mm, no more
difference in the lengths of the diagonals of the boards 3 m high and 1.2 m wide, mm, no more
deviation from the right angle of the shields of the forming elements at a width of 0.5 m, mm, no more
through slots in butt joints, mm, no more
height of protrusions on shaping surfaces, mm, no more
number of protrusions per 1 m 2, pcs., no more
height of depressions on shaping surfaces, mm, no more	Not allowed
number of depressions per 1 m 2, pcs., no more
The quality of the concrete surface of the monolithic structure after stripping:
deviation from flatness at a length of up to 1 m (up to 3 m) mm, no more:
diameter or maximum size of the shell, mm, not more:
cavity depth, mm, no more:
height of the local influx (protrusion), mm, not more:
	Not allowed
* Accuracy characteristic - according to GOST 21778. Note - The sign "-" means that it is not necessary to set the quality index for this class of formwork.

table 2 - Formwork turnover

Formwork type, material of formwork elements	Formwork turnover
	For shaping elements, units of revolutions *			For supporting and carrying elements, units of revolution *
	1st class, not less	2nd class, not less	3rd grade, up to	1st class, not less	2nd class, not less	3rd grade, up to
Small-shield:
steel, aluminum
wood, plastic
for wall formwork
for slab formwork
Large-panel:
steel, aluminum
wood, plastic
for wall formwork
Volume-adjustable
Sliding:
Lifting-adjustable
Horizontally movable
Pneumatic
* For sliding, climbing and horizontally movable formwork - in m of lifting or movement. ** When applied from one side.

5.3 The dimensions of the form-forming elements of the formwork (except for demountable formwork) must be divisible by the enlarged module 3M, equal to 300 mm. Dimensions that are not multiples of the M module are allowed by agreement with the consumer.

5.4 The order of indexing of the formwork is given in Appendix B.

6 General technical requirements

6.1 Features

6.1.1 Formwork should be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard, standards and specifications for specific types of formwork and design documentation developed and approved in accordance with the established procedure in accordance with GOST R 15.201.

Notes (edit)

1 Technical conditions for formwork of specific types of 1st and 2nd classes should be developed in accordance with GOST 2.114, and also agreed with an organization authorized by the Gosstroy of Russia to conduct an examination of technical conditions for formwork, or be agreed by the Technical Subcommittee for Standardization and Technical Regulation in construction PK 3 / TKS 71 "Formwork and formwork for monolithic construction".

2 Changes to the formwork design must be agreed with the developer.

6.1.2 Climatic version of the formwork U, category 1 in accordance with GOST 15150.

6.1.3 In the technical conditions for specific types of formwork, the value of quality indicators should be established, the nomenclature of which is given in Appendix B.

6.1.4 The design of the formwork should ensure:

Strength, rigidity and geometric invariability of shape and size under the influence of assembly, transport and technological loads;

Design accuracy of the geometric dimensions of monolithic structures and the specified quality of their surfaces, depending on the class of formwork;

Maximum turnover and minimum cost per turnover;

Minimum adhesion to cured concrete (except for non-removable);

The minimum number of standard sizes of elements, depending on the nature of monolithic structures;

Possibility of large-scale assembly and readjustment (changes in overall dimensions or configuration) in the conditions of the construction site;

The ability to fix embedded parts in the design position and with design accuracy;

Manufacturability during manufacture and the possibility of using mechanization means, automation during installation;

Quick release of connecting elements and the ability to eliminate gaps that appear during long-term operation;

Minimization of material, labor and energy costs during installation and dismantling;

Convenience of repair and replacement of elements that are out of order;

Tightness of forming surfaces (except for special ones);

Temperature and humidity conditions necessary for hardening and building up the design strength of concrete;

Chemical neutrality of the forming surfaces to the concrete mixture, except for special cases;

Fast installation and dismantling of formwork without damaging monolithic structures and formwork elements.

6.1.5 Deflection of the forming surface and load-bearing elements of the formwork under the influence of the perceived loads during the span l should not exceed:

- l/400 (l/ 300) - for vertical elements, for classes 1 (2);

- l/500 (l/ 400) - for horizontal elements, for classes 1 (2).

6.1.6 Loads and data for calculating the formwork are given in Appendix D.

6.1.7 Panels and blocks assembled from elements of small-panel, large-panel, block and volumetric-movable formwork must provide or have devices for their preliminary separation from the surface of concreted structures. It is not allowed to use lifting mechanisms for stripping the formwork from the concrete.

6.1.8 The design of the heating formwork should ensure:

Uniform temperature on the shield deck. Temperature differences should not exceed 5 ° С;

Electrical resistance of insulation when using electric heaters and switching wiring - not less than 0.5 MOhm.

The possibility of replacing heating elements in the event of their failure during operation;

Control and adjustability of heating modes;

Stability of the heat engineering properties of the shield.

6.1.9 Tubular electric heaters (heating elements) in accordance with GOST 13268 or heating wires in accordance with TU-16.K71-013-88 can be used as heaters for the heating formwork.

It is allowed to use non-standard heaters, which must comply with the requirements of regulatory documents in terms of vibration resistance, electrical and fire safety.

6.1.10 Fixed formwork included in the section of the structure being erected must comply with the requirements of regulatory documents for building structures.

6.1.11 The backlash in the hinged joints of the 1st and 2nd class formwork elements shall not exceed 1 mm.

6.1.12 The deck of formwork structures (large-panel, volume-adjustable, block), used to obtain surfaces ready for painting or wallpapering, should be made of whole sheets. When made from two or more sheets, the deck joints must rest on the load-bearing elements of the shield frame; welds and sealant should be scraped flush with the base surface.

6.2 Material requirements

6.2.1 Formwork elements must be made of materials that, in terms of quality, must meet the requirements of regulatory documents specified in the design documentation of the product.

6.2.2 For bearing and supporting elements of the formwork (frames, scrapes, frames, posts, trusses, etc.), steel grade St 3 * according to GOST 380 should be used.

* Other grades of metal may be used, specifications which is not lower than the specified brand.

Devices for lifting the formwork (hinges, pins, etc.) must be made of steel grade St.3ps * of any category in accordance with GOST 380 or steel grade 20 * in accordance with GOST 1050.

Parts subject to wear (pins, locks, bushings, hinges, etc.) must be made of steel grade not lower than 45 * in accordance with GOST 1050 and subjected to heat treatment.

6.2.3 The load-bearing elements of the aluminum formwork (frames, frames, beams, etc.) must be made of aluminum alloys not lower than the grade and condition of AD 31T1 * in accordance with GOST 4784, GOST 8617, GOST 22233.

6.2.4 For metal decks, sheet steel of grade St 3 * in accordance with GOST 380, GOST 14637, GOST 16523 should be used.

6.2.5 For wooden bearing and supporting elements, round coniferous timber of I - II grade according to GOST 9463, coniferous timber of I - II grade according to GOST 8486 should be used.

6.2.6 Faced (laminated) birch plywood shall be used for the formwork deck of the 1st and 2nd classes; for the 2nd class, combined veneered plywood can also be used; for the 3rd class - sawn softwood according to GOST 8486 and hardwood according to GOST 2695 not lower than grade II, chipboards according to GOST 10632, fiberboards according to GOST 4598, bakelized plywood according to GOST 11539, FSF plywood according to GOST 3916.1, GOST 3916.2 and other materials.

6.2.7 Plastic decks should be made of materials that meet the requirements of the standards or specifications for these materials and the requirements for a particular formwork.

6.2.8 As form-building and bearing elements of the formwork, glued wooden structures according to GOST 20850.

Glued toothed joints of wooden structures must comply with GOST 19414. Other wood joints can be used, including special ones on metal and other plates.

6.2.9 As a heater for heating and insulated formwork, thermal insulation materials density up to 200 kg / m 3. The actual density of the insulation should not exceed the passport by more than 15%, and the humidity by 6%.

6.2.10 Metal grid according to GOST 3826, used for non-removable formwork, must have cells with a size of no more than 5 × 5 mm.

6.3 Coating requirements

6.3.1 The formwork should be protected from external influences.

6.3.2 Metal surfaces of formwork elements of the 1st and 2nd classes, not in contact with concrete, must have protective coatings in accordance with GOST 9.032, GOST 9.303 or have anti-corrosion properties that ensure the specified turnover under operating conditions.

6.3.3 Plywood used as a deck for formwork of the 1st and 2nd classes must have a waterproof coating, impregnation or other treatment of working surfaces.

6.3.4 The ends of the film faced plywood and wood-based materials of the forming elements (deck) of the 1st and 2nd class formwork should be protected from mechanical damage and moisture penetration by the sealant.

6.4 Welding requirements

6.4.1 Types of welds, their shape and dimensions are taken according to working drawings.

Welding steel structures carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 5264; GOST 8713; GOST 11533; GOST 11534; GOST 14771; GOST 23518; aluminum structures - with the requirements of GOST 7871, GOST 14806.

6.5 Completeness

6.5.1 The formwork shall be supplied by the manufacturer as a complete set in a condition suitable for operation, without additional modifications and corrections (or element by element at the request of the customer).

6.5.2 The composition of the kit and the availability of spare parts are determined by the customer's order.

6.5.3 If necessary, by agreement with the customer, the formwork kit includes tools and accessories for mounting, dismantling, and moving.

6.5.4 Formwork kits must be supplied with operational documents in accordance with GOST 2.601:

Formwork passport;

Operating instructions (with installation diagrams and

6.6 Marking

6.6.1 On the main elements of the formwork of the 1st and 2nd classes (boards, frames, beams) on the surfaces not in contact with concrete, from the non-working side, the following markings must be applied with indelible paint by impact or in another way:

The index of the formwork element in accordance with this standard;

Manufacturing date;

Manufacturer's name or trademark.

6.6.2 Each package must have transport markings in accordance with GOST 14192.

6.7 Packaging

6.7.1 Elements of formwork larger than 1 m in size should be packed according to brands in transport packages that ensure the integrity and safety of products during transportation and storage.

6.7.2 Fasteners, locks, bolts, nuts, washers and other small-sized formwork elements, accessories, tools and connecting elements must be packed in containers that ensure the safety of the products.

6.7.3 Before packing, the formwork elements must be preserved in accordance with GOST 9.014 (for group IV), with the exception of fasteners and other small-sized elements belonging to group I-1 (GOST 9.014).

VZ-1 protection option with a validity period of temporary corrosion protection of at least 12 months.

6.7.4 Each package and box must be accompanied by a packing list (inventory) of the elements of this package. The inventory must be available for removal without opening the package and protected from moisture.

6.7.5 Documentation (inventory) supplied with the formwork must be hermetically packed and ensure tightness, watertightness, and the safety of documentation.

6.7.6 When supplying formwork kits, the technical documentation must be enclosed in a container with the inscription “Documentation” on it.

INTERSTATE COUNCIL FOR STANDARDIZATION. METROLOGY AND CERTIFICATIONS

INTERSTATE COUNCIL FOR STANDARDIZATION. METROLOGY AND CERTIFICATION

INTERSTATE

STANDARD

FORMWORK

General specifications

Official edition

Stadiums

GOST 34329-2017

Foreword

The goals, basic principles and basic procedure for carrying out work on interstate standardization are established in GOST 1.0-2015 “Interstate standardization system. Basic Provisions "and GOST 1.2-2015" Interstate Standardization System. Interstate standards. rules and recommendations for interstate standardization. Rules for development, acceptance, updating and cancellation "

Information about the standard

1 DEVELOPED by LLC "Scientific and Technical Center" Stroyopalubka "(LLC STC" Stroyopalubka ")

2 INTRODUCED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 465 "Construction"

3 ADOPTED by the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (Minutes of November 30, 2017 No. 52-2017)

Brief country information on MK (ISO 3166) 004-67	Code of the country according to MK (ISO 3166) 004-97	Abbreviated name of the national standardization body
Uzbekistan		Uzstandart
Kyrgyzstan		Kyrgyzstandard
		Rossgamdart
Tajikistan		Tagikstandard
Kazakhstan		Gosstandart of the Republic of Kazakhstan

4 By order of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology of December 14, 2017 No. 1954-st, the interstate standard GOST 34329-2017 was put into effect as a national standard Russian Federation from April 1, 2018

5 This standard has been prepared on the basis of the application of GOST R 52085-2003 "

6 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME

Information on changes to this standard is published in the annual information index "National Standards", and the text of changes and amendments is published in the monthly information index "National Standards". In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this standard, the corresponding notice will be published in the monthly information index "National Standards". Relevant information, notice and texts are also posted in the information system. common use- on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet ()

By order of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology of December 14, 2017 N9 1954-st GOST R 52085-2003 canceled from April 1, 2018.

€> Standardinform. 2018

In the Russian Federation, this standard cannot be reproduced in whole or in part. replicated and distributed as an official publication without permission from the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology

and

GOST 34329-2017

1 area of ​​use............................................... ..................1

3 Terms and definitions .............................................. ................ 2

4 Formwork classification ............................................... ..............5

5 Basic quality parameters .............................................. .......... 6

6 General technical requirements .............................................. ..........eight

7 Safety requirements ............................................... .............12

8 Acceptance rules ............................................... ....................13

9 Test methods ............................................... ...................fourteen

10 Transport and storage .............................................. .........fourteen

11 Operating instructions .............................................. ..............fourteen

12 Manufacturer's warranty ............................................... ................15

Appendix A (informative) Applicability of types of formwork ................................. 16

Appendix B (reference) Formwork schemes ........................................... ... 17

Appendix B (normative) Indexing of the formwork of a specific structure ................... 25

Appendix D (normative) Nomenclature of quality indicators established by

in the technical conditions for specific types of formwork .......................... 28

Appendix D (normative) Loads and data for calculating the formwork ....................... 30

GOST 34329-2017

INTERSTATE STANDARD

FORMWORK

General specifications

Formworks. General specifications

Introduction date - 201 & -04-01

1 area of ​​use

This standard applies to all types of formwork for the construction of monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete structures. Standards for specific types of formwork and individual elements are developed additionally.

2 Normative references

This standard uses normative references to the following documents:

GOST 2.601-2013 Unified system for design documentation. Operational documents GOST 4.221-82 Product quality index system. Construction. Building structures and products from aluminum alloys. Nomenclature of indicators

GOST 9.014-78 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Temporary anti-corrosion protection of products. General requirements

GOST 9.032-74 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Paint and varnish coatings. Groups. technical requirements and designations

GOST 9.303-84 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Metallic and non-metallic inorganic coatings. General requirements for selection

GOST 380-2005 Carbon steel of ordinary quality. Grades GOST 977-88 Steel castings. General specifications

GOST 1050-2013 Metal products from unalloyed structural quality and special steels. General specifications

GOST 1583-93 Aluminum casting alloys GOST 2695-83 Hardwood sawn timber. Specifications GOST 3826-82 Woven wire meshes with square cells. Specifications GOST 3916.1-96 General purpose plywood with outer layers of hardwood veneer. Technical conditions

GOST 3916.2-96 General purpose plywood with outer layers of coniferous veneer. Technical conditions

GOST 4598-86 Wood fiber boards. Specifications GOST 4784-97 Aluminum and wrought aluminum alloys. Grades GOST 5264-80 Manual arc welding. Welded connections. Basic types. Structural elements and dimensions

GOST 8486-86 Softwood lumber. Technical conditions

GOST 8617-81 (ST SEV 3843-82. ST SEV 3844-82) Extruded profiles from aluminum and aluminum alloys. Technical conditions

GOST 8713-79 Underfloor welding. Welded connections. Basic types, structural elements and dimensions

GOST 8731-74 Seamless hot-deformed steel pipes. Specifications GOST 9463-2016 Round coniferous timber. Specifications GOST 10632-2014 Chipboards. Specifications GOST 10706-76 Longitudinal electric-welded steel pipes. Technical conditions

Official edition

GOST 34329-2017

GOST 11474-76 Steel bent profiles. Technical conditions

GOST 11533-75 Automatic and semi-automatic submerged arc welding. Welded joints at sharp and obtuse angles. Basic types, structural elements and dimensions

GOST 11534-75 Manual arc welding. Sub-sharp and obtuse welded joints. Basic types, structural elements and dimensions

GOST 11539-2014 Bakelized plywood. Technical conditions

GOST 13118-83 (ST SEV 3329-81) Stamps for sheet stamping. Column guides are smooth. Design and dimensions

GOST 13268-88 (ST SEV 171-87) Tubular electric heaters GOST 14192-96 Marking of goods

GOST 14637-89 (ISO 4995-78) Plates made of carbon steel of ordinary quality. Technical conditions

GOST 14771-76 Gas shielded arc welding. Welded connections. Basic types, structural elements and sizes

GOST 14776-79 Arc welding. Point welded joints. Basic types, structural elements and dimensions

GOST 14806-80 Arc welding of aluminum and aluminum alloys in inert gases. The joints are welded. Basic types, structural elements and dimensions

GOST 15150-69 Machines, devices and other technical products. Versions for different climatic regions. Categories, conditions of operation, storage and transportation in terms of the impact of climatic factors of the external environment

GOST 16523-97 Rolled sheet carbon steel of high quality and ordinary quality for general purposes. Technical conditions

GOST 17066-94 Rolled sheet steel of increased strength. Specifications GOST 18482-79 Extruded pipes from aluminum and aluminum alloys. Specifications GOST 19281-2014 High-strength rolled products. General technical conditions GOST 20850-2014 Glued timber bearing structures. General specifications GOST 21778-81 (ST SEV 2045-79) System for ensuring the accuracy of geometric parameters in construction. Basic Provisions

GOST 21779-82 (ST SEV 2681-80) System for ensuring the accuracy of geometric parameters in construction. Technological tolerances

GOST 22233-2001 Extruded profiles from aluminum alloys for super-transparent enclosing structures. Technical conditions

GOST 23518-79 Gas-shielded arc welding. Welded joints at sharp and obtuse angles. Basic types, structural elements and dimensions

Note - When using this standard, it is advisable to check the validity of reference standards in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet or according to the annual information index "National Standards", which was published as of January 1 of the current year, and for the issues of the monthly information index "National Standards" for this year... If the reference standard is replaced (changed), then when using this standard, the replacement (modified) standard should be followed. If the reference standard is canceled without replacement, then the provision in which the reference to it is given applies to the extent not affecting this reference.

3 Terms and definitions

The following terms and definitions are used in this standard:

3.1 anchor support element fixed in a fixed structure or in the ground to anchor the formwork

3.2 block formwork: Formwork consisting of spatial blocks.

1 outer contour formwork (block form): Block formwork used for concreting closed and free-standing monolithic structures such as columns, stepped foundations. grillages, etc.

3.2.2 formwork of the inner contour: Block formwork of the inner surface of closed cells (for example, apartments, rooms, lift shafts).

3.2.3 inner (outer) contour formwork is split: Block formwork (outer and inner contour) with split blocks.

GOST 34329-2017

3.2.4 formwork of the inner (outer) contour is one-piece: Block formwork (outer and inner contour) with one-piece blocks.

3.2.5 formwork of the inner (outer) contour re-adjustable: Block formwork (outer and inner contour), the design of which allows changing the dimensions in the slab and in height.

3.3 horizontally movable formwork: Formwork, the structure of which moves horizontally as the monolithic structure is concreted, consisting of load-bearing, supporting * shields. connecting elements and mechanisms for moving.

3.3.1 rolling formwork: A horizontally movable formwork, the movement of which is rotated * on trolleys and with the help of other devices for concreting long stacks, open-cut tunnels and other similar structures.

3.3.2 tunnel formwork: A horizontally movable formwork, the movement of which is carried out using special mechanisms with a hydraulic, mechanical or other drive for concreting the lining of tunnels erected in a closed way.

3.4 heating formwork: Formwork designed for concreting monolithic structures * in conditions low temperatures ambient air (from plus 5 ° C), as well as to accelerate the hardening of concrete both in summer and winter conditions.

3.5 jack: A bearing and supporting element (screw, hydraulic, pneumatic, etc.) for installation, dismantling, straightening and lifting of formwork, including sliding, climbing. as well as formwork of floors, straightening elements.

3.6 jack frame: The bearing element of the sliding formwork, which takes the loads from the boards during concreting and the working floor and serves to install jacks when lifting the formwork.

3.7 jacking rod: The support element of the sliding formwork, located inside the structure to be erected, on which the formwork is supported.

3.6 rigidity: The characteristic of the formwork and its elements, depending on the material (modulus of elasticity E) and the moment of inertia of the formwork section.

3.9 lock: A connecting element, including individual shields.

3.10 gripper: An assembly element for slinging (gripping) the formwork when it is being lifted during assembly, stripping or re-assembly.

3.11 protection pipe

3.12 inventory formwork: Reusable formwork.

3.13 backboard frame: The main supporting element of the backboard.

3.14 class of formwork: Qualitative characteristic formwork.

3.15 cross brace: Pivotally connected (cruciform) braces for holding the slab formwork frames during installation.

3.16 circlehorizontal beam joining the slipform panels and receiving the pressure of the concrete mix

3.17 large-panel formwork: Formwork consisting of large-size panels supporting. connecting and mounting elements weighing more than 50 kg.

3.18 small-panel formwork: Formwork consisting of small-sized panels supporting. connecting and mounting elements weighing up to 50 kg. allowing the installation of the formwork manually.

3.19 modular formwork: Large-panel (small-panel) formwork, which includes panels and / or other elements with fixed dimensions that are multiples of a certain module.

3.20 installation of formwork: Assembly and installation in the working position of the formwork and its elements.

3.21 assembly element: A formwork element (device) used for assembly and stripping.

3.22 bearing capacity: The design bearing capacity of the formwork and its elements (loads taking into account all safety factors).

3.23 bearing element: A formwork element that takes all the loads during concreting and ensures the strength, rigidity and stability of its structure.

3.24 fixed formwork: Formwork consisting of shields (panels, blocks, plastic) remaining after concreting in the structure, and inventory supporting elements.

3.25 turnover: The number of use of the formwork (concreting cycles), determined on the basis of experience with the use of statistical data or by calculation method. Turnover before wear, repair, turnover within a month, a year, etc.

GOST 34329-2017

3.26 movable formwork: A formwork consisting of sections, which, when installed in a working position, form a cross section U-shaped formwork for simultaneous concreting of walls and ceilings.

3.26.1 U-shaped formwork: Volume-shifting formwork, consisting of U-shaped sections.

3.26.2 L-shaped formwork: Volume-shifting formwork, consisting of L-shaped semi-sections.

3.27 single-use formwork: Formwork, the use of which is carried out once. for example, non-removable, or for unique, non-repeatable designs.

3.28 formwork: A structure that is a form for placing and maintaining concrete mixture.

3.29 deck: Form-forming element of the formwork, which is the surface in contact with concrete.

3.30 panel: A large-sized bearing element, assembled from shields or unified bearing elements, mounted or dismantled without bulkheads.

3.31 pneumatic formwork: Formwork consisting of a shaping flexible air support shell or pneumatic supporting elements with a shaping shell, supported in a working position overpressure air.

3.32 support element: An element that supports the formwork and carries the assembly loads.

3.33 brace: Mounting element for installation, straightening and stripping of shields (panels).

3.34 scaffolding for concreting: A technological element, which is a flooring with a fence, for the convenience of concreting monolithic structures and ensuring the safety of work. arranged on the scaffold brackets.

3.35 climbing formwork: Formwork, consisting of shields, separated from the concrete surface during lifting, as well as supporting, fastening, technological elements and devices for lifting.

3.36 deflection under load: Deflection of the formwork and its elements under load in the vertical and horizontal planes, which characterizes the rigidity of the formwork.

3.37 working floor: The floor of the sliding and climbing-climbing formwork (continuous or along the inner shields of the sliding formwork) for the installation of equipment, accommodation of people, materials, pumping stations, maintenance of formwork and concreting.

3.38 demountable formwork: Large-scale (small-panel) formwork, consisting of a removable deck and a set of load-bearing elements, from which, in various combinations, frames of panels, panels, blocks, tables are assembled, depending on the load, with the subsequent fixing of the deck, as well as the necessary supporting, connecting and mounting elements.

3.39 frame: The supporting element of the slab formwork, which unites two or more props.

3.40 design load: The load taken for the calculation, with the corresponding standard safety factors during installation, dismantling, concreting.

3.41 sliding formwork: Formwork, the structure of which is moved vertically by jacks as the monolithic structure is concreted and which consists of shields, jack frames. jack rods, lifting mechanisms (jacks, pumping or other lifting stations) and technological elements (working floor. scaffold).

3.42 connecting element: An assembly formwork element that is used to combine individual elements of the wall and floor formwork (shields, beams, etc.) and which takes up loads during installation and partially during concreting.

3.43 special formwork: Formwork used to give concrete or concrete surface special properties, including creating a relief, a surface with increased density, as well as with variable thermal resistance, etc.

3.44 screed: A bearing element that connects opposite shields and serves as a support for the perception of the lateral pressure of the concrete mix.

3.45 scrum

3.46 telescopic rack: A rack with the ability to change dimensions, extend (move) one part relative to another (base).

3.47 tripod

3.48 form-forming element: A formwork element that is in direct contact with the concrete mixture and is used to give the concrete the given geometry of the structure (structure) and the surface quality until the concrete has the required strength.

GOST 34329-2017

3.49 shield: The supporting and forming element of the formwork, consisting of a deck, frame and / or other supporting elements.

3.50 expansion board (intermediate insert): A form-forming element installed between the main elements of the formwork (boards, panels) to obtain non-modular dimensions. as well as to ensure stripping of internal closed cells of a building and structure. Intermediate inserts can be made as a single (non-inventory insert) and reusable (inventory) use.

4 Formwork classification

4.1 Formwork is subdivided into types depending on:

From the type of concreted monolithic and precast-monolithic structures:

Constructions;

Materials of load-bearing elements;

Applicability at different ambient temperatures and the nature of its impact on the concrete of monolithic structures;

Turnover.

4.1.1 Types of formwork depending on the type of monolithic structures to be concreted

4.1.1.1 Formwork of vertical monolithic structures (including inclined vertical ones):

Formwork of foundations;

Formwork of grillages;

Wall formwork;

Formwork for supports of bridges, pipes, cooling towers;

Column formwork, etc.

4.1.1.2 Formwork of horizontal monolithic structures (including inclined horizontal):

Slab formwork (including beams and ribbed ones);

Formwork for domes (spheres, shells, vaults):

Formwork of span vaults of bridges (overpasses and other similar structures).

4.1.2 Types of formwork depending on the design

4.1.2.1 Small-panel (collapsible-adjustable):

Modular;

Collapsible.

4.1.2.2 Large panel:

Modular;

Collapsible.

4.1.2.3 Block:

External contour (block-form) (detachable, one-piece, readjustable);

Internal circuit (detachable, one-piece, readjustable).

4.1.2.4 Volumetric adjustable:

U-shaped:

L-shaped.

4.1.2.5 Sliding.

4.1.2.6 Horizontally movable:

Rolling;

Tunnel.

4.1.2.7 Climbing:

With a mine hoist:

Leaning on the structure.

4.1.2.8 Pneumatic:

Lifting:

Stationary.

4.1.2.9 Fixed:

Included in the design section of the structure;

Not included in the design section of the structure;

With special properties.

4.1.3 Types of formwork, depending on the materials of its supporting elements:

Steel;

GOST 34329-2017

Aluminum;

Plastic;

Wooden;

Combined.

4.1.4 Types of formwork, depending on the applicability at different temperatures of the outside air and the nature of the effect of the formwork on the concrete of monolithic structures:

Uninsulated;

Insulated:

Heating;

Special.

4.1.5 Types of formwork depending on turnover:

Single use (including non-removable):

Inventory.

4.2 The applicability of the types of formwork is given in Appendix A. Formwork schemes - in Appendix B.

5 Basic quality parameters

5.1 All types of formwork, depending on the manufacturing accuracy, installation accuracy and turnover, are divided into classes: 1. 2nd and 3rd.

Formwork classes are chosen depending on the concreting technology, the nature of monolithic structures, required quality concrete structures and surfaces and other factors. The use of formwork exclusively of the 1st class in all cases is not mandatory and advisable. including for economic reasons.

5.2 Indicators of the quality of the formwork, depending on the class, are given in tables 1 and 2.

Table 1

Nznmvnomi in mi eo body, unit of measurement
Manufacturing and installation accuracy *: Deviation of the linear dimensions of the boards at a length of up to 1 m			On demand
(up to 3 m). mm. no more Deviation of linear dimensions of panels for length up to			customer The same
3 m. Mm. no more Differences on the shaping surfaces: butt joints of panels, mm. no more
Butt joints of the deck, mm. no more
Specially formed protrusion forming a zapad on a concrete surface, mm. no more Deviations from straightness of horizontal elements
slab formwork along the length /. mm deviation from the straightness of the forming	no more than 10 2
elements at a length of 3 m. not more than deviation from the straightness of vertical carriers
elements (racks, frames) of floor formwork at a height of L. mm. no more Deviation from the plane of the forming elements
at a length of 3 m. mm. no more The difference in the lengths of the diagonals of the boards with a height of 3 m and a width
noah 1.2 m. mm. no more Deviation from the right angle of the forming panels
elements on a width of 0.5 m. mm. no more through slots in butt joints, mm. no more
The height of the protrusions on the forming surfaces.
mm. no more The number of projections per 1 m 2. pcs. for pain
The height of the depressions on the shaping surfaces, mm.	Not allowed
The number of depressions per 1 m 2. wg .. no more

GOST 34329-2017

End of table 1

	The meaning of indicators for classes
Nvinnosvnib indicators, unit of measurement
The quality of the concrete surface of the monolithic structure after stripping: Deviation from flatness at length up to 1 m (up to
3 m) mm. no more Diameter or largest size of the shell, mm. sky-
Hollow depth, mm. no more
Height of local overflow (protrusion), mm. no more	Not allowed
’Accuracy characteristics - according to GOST 21770. GOST 21779. Note - The sign - "means the optional setting of the quality indicator of this class
formwork.

Table 2 - Formwork turnover

Formwork type, material of formwork elements	Formwork turnover
	for forming elements, units of revolutions *			for supporting and bearing elements. units of revolutions *
	class, not less	2nd class, not less		class, not less	2nd class, not less
Small-shield:
Steel, aluminum
Wood, plastic
Plywood**:
For wall formwork
For slab formwork
Large-panel:
Steel, aluminum
Wood, plastic
Plywood**:
For wall formwork
Volume-adjustable
Sliding:
Lifting-adjustable
Horizontally movable
Pneumatic

* For sliding, climbing and horizontally movable formwork - in meters of lifting or movement.

"When applied from one side.

5.3 The dimensions of the form-forming elements of the formwork (except for the collapsible formwork) must be divisible by the enlarged ZM module. equal to 300 mm. Dimensions that are not multiples of the module M. are allowed by agreement with the consumer.

5.4 The order of indexing of the formwork is given in Appendix B.

GOST 34329-2017

6 General technical requirements

6.1 Features

6.1.1 The formwork should be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard, standards and specifications for specific types of formwork and design documentation developed and approved in accordance with the established procedure in accordance with the regulatory documents * in force in the territory of the state party to the agreement.

Notes (edit)

1 Specifications for the formwork of specific types of 1st and 2nd classes shall be developed in accordance with this standard.

2 Changes to the formwork design must be agreed with the developer.

6.1.2 Climatic version of the formwork - B. category 1 in accordance with GOST 15150.

6.1.3 In the technical conditions for specific types of formwork, the values ​​of quality indicators should be established, the nomenclature of which is given in Appendix D.

6.1.4 The design of the formwork should ensure:

Strength, rigidity and geometric invariability of shape and size under the influence of assembly, transport and technological loads:

The design accuracy of the geometric dimensions of monolithic structures and the specified quality of their surfaces, depending on the class of formwork:

Maximum turnover and minimum cost per turnover;

Minimum adhesion to cured concrete (except for non-removable);

The minimum number of standard sizes of elements, depending on the nature of monolithic structures;

Possibility of large-scale assembly and readjustment (changes in overall dimensions or configuration) in the conditions of the construction site;

The ability to fix embedded parts in the design position and with design accuracy;

Manufacturability during manufacture and the possibility of using mechanization means, automation during installation (except for manually mounted);

Rapid connection elements and the ability to eliminate gaps that appear during long-term operation;

Minimization of material, labor and energy costs during installation and dismantling;

Convenience of repair and replacement of elements that are out of order;

Tightness of forming surfaces (except for special ones);

Temperature and humidity conditions necessary for hardening and building up the design strength of concrete;

Chemical neutrality of the forming surfaces to the concrete mixture, except for special cases;

Fast installation and dismantling of formwork without damaging monolithic structures and formwork elements.

6.1.5 The deflection of the forming surface and load-bearing elements of the formwork under the action of the perceived loads during the span should not exceed:

- // 400 (// 300) -for vertical elements. 1st (2nd) class:

I500 (// 400) - for horizontal elements, 1st (2nd) class.

6.1.6 Class 1 modular formwork should be made of profiles increased accuracy to obtain, after stripping, high-quality concrete surfaces without joints, which do not require labor-intensive finishing.

The ribs of profile 1 provide protection for the end face of the plywood, pocket 2 provides ease of installation of plywood during manufacturing and serves for pouring sealant.

The alignment of the shield on the surface adjacent to the concrete is ensured by locks adjacent to the outer surface of the panels due to the high profile accuracy and low dimensional tolerances of the profile supporting surfaces.

* In the Russian Federation - according to GOST R 15.201-2000 “System of product development and launching into production. Products for industrial and technical purposes. The procedure for the development and launch of products for production. "

GOST 34329-2017

T - edge of protection of the plywood end face. 2 - pocket for sealant and easy installation of plywood; 3 - a margin to reduce the contact area when joining shields; 4 - support for the installation of the second lock, S - support for the installation of the centering lock of the shield connection, c - support pads for the joining of the panels

Picture 1 - Aluminum (a) and steel (b) profiles of high precision large-panel

modular formwork of the 1st kleos

The protective ribs of the profile should protrude 1-2 mm above the plywood surface to exclude protrusions on the concrete after stripping and the formation of easily finished recesses 5 in Figure 2 (finishing the surface with grouting).

The accuracy of the manufacture of profiles (bearing elements) of the collapsible formwork with the addition of plus and minus tolerances must ensure deflections not exceeding U400.

G - shields; 2 - lock; 3- wedge. 4 - plywood; 5 - specially organized recesses in the concrete surface Figure 2 - Connection of modular panels with centering locks

GOST 34329-2017

6.1.7 Loads and data for calculating the formwork are given in Appendix D.

6.1.8 Panels and blocks assembled from elements of small-panel, large-panel, block and volumetric * movable formwork should ensure ease of stripping or have devices for separating them from the surface of concreted structures. It is not allowed to use lifting mechanisms for stripping the formwork from the concrete.

6.1.9 The design of the heating formwork should ensure:

Uniform temperature on the shield deck. Temperature differences should not exceed 5 "C:

Electrical resistance of insulation when using electric heaters and commutating wiring - not less than 0.5 MOhm:

Possibility of replacing heating elements in case of failure during operation;

Control and adjustability of heating modes:

Stability of the heat engineering properties of the shield.

6.1.10 Tubular electric heaters (TEN) according to GOST 13268 or heating wires according to technical conditions for them can be used as heaters for the heating formwork.

It is allowed to use non-standard heaters, which must comply with the requirements of regulatory documents in terms of vibration resistance, electrical * and fire safety.

6.1.11 Fixed formwork included in the section of the structure being erected must comply with the requirements of regulatory documents for building structures.

6.1.12 The backlash in the hinged joints of the 1st and 2nd class formwork elements shall not exceed 1 mm.

6.1.13 The deck of formwork structures (large-panel, volume-adjustable, block), used to obtain surfaces ready for painting or wallpapering, should be made of whole sheets. When made from two or more sheets, the deck joints must rest on the load-bearing elements of the shield frame; welds and sealant should be scraped flush with the base surface.

6.2 Material requirements

6.2.1 Formwork elements should be made of materials that, in terms of quality, must meet the requirements of regulatory documents specified in the design documentation of the product.

6.2.2 For bearing and supporting elements of the formwork (frames, scrapes, frames, posts, trusses, etc.), StZ * steel should be used in accordance with GOST 380.

Devices for lifting the formwork (hinges, pins, etc.) should be made of steel grade StZps of any category in accordance with GOST 380.

6.2.3 Grades of steel profiles, products (pipes, sheets, etc.) of casting are assigned according to the standards for specific products.

6.2.4 For individual elements of the formwork (deck, struts, frames, struts, beams, etc.) use rolled products and profiles in accordance with GOST 14637. GOST 16523. GOST 8731. GOST 10706. GOST 11474. GOST 17066. GOST 13118. GOST 19281, GOST 1050.

It is allowed to apply other standards and specifications of the manufacturer in accordance with the requirements specified in the drawings.

6.2.5 Casting elements must comply with the requirements of GOST 977.

For class 1 formwork, high-precision products (including panel joint locks) should be manufactured by investment casting.

6.2.6 The load-bearing elements of the aluminum formwork should be made of aluminum alloys not lower than the grade and condition of AD 31T1 in accordance with GOST 4784. GOST 1583. profiles - from aluminum alloys in accordance with GOST 4.221. GOST 8617. GOST 18482. GOST 22233.

For formwork of the 1st class, profiles of increased accuracy should be used.

6.2.7 The characteristics and types of wooden structures are applied in accordance with the normative documents "in force on the territory of the state party to the agreement.

It is allowed to use other grades of metal, the technical characteristics of which are not lower than the specified

In the Russian Federation, the characteristics and types of wooden structures are used according to SP 64.13330.2011 "SNiP 11-25-80 Wooden structures)".

GOST 34329-2017

6.2.8 For wooden bearing and supporting elements, wood according to GOST 8486-86 should be used. GOST 2695. GOST 9463, GOST 8486.

6.2.9 Faced (film faced) birch plywood should be used for the formwork deck of the 1st and 2nd classes; for the 2nd class, combined veneered plywood is also allowed; for the 3rd class - sawn softwood according to GOST 8486 and hardwood according to GOST 2695 not lower than grade 2, chipboards according to GOST 10632. fibreboards according to GOST 4598. bakelized plywood according to GOST 11539. FSF grade plywood lo GOST 3916.1. GOST 3916.2 and other materials with similar characteristics.

Due to the acidic environment, it is not allowed to use oak wood for the deck.

6.2.10 To reduce the adhesion of the formwork to the concrete and to prevent breakdowns during lifting, for the deck of the sliding formwork, materials with low adhesion to the concrete mix (film faced plywood, getinax) should be used.

6.2.11 It is allowed to use glued wooden structures in accordance with GOST 20850 as form-building and bearing elements of the formwork.

6.2.12 When using wood materials, it is necessary to take into account the significant effect of wood moisture on its design characteristics and significant reduction factors with the introduction of coefficients of variability and safety for different types of wood and the nature of the action of loads.

6.2.13 Plastic decks should be made of materials that meet the requirements of standards or specifications for these materials and the requirements for a particular formwork.

6.2.14 8 Insulating materials with a density of up to 200 kg / m 3 should be used as a heater for heating and insulated formwork. The actual density of the insulation should not exceed the passport by more than 15%. and humidity by 6%.

6.2.15 Metal mesh in accordance with GOST 3826. used for fixed formwork, should have cells no more than 5x5 mm in size.

6.2.16 For pneumatic formwork, high-strength breathable nylon rubberized fabrics should be used according to the manufacturer's specifications.

6.3 Coating requirements

6.3.1 The formwork should be protected from external influences.

6.3.2 Metal surfaces of formwork elements of the 1st and 2nd classes, not in contact with concrete, must have protective coatings in accordance with GOST 9.032, GOST 9.303 or have anti-corrosion properties that ensure the specified turnover under operating conditions.

6.3.3 Plywood used as a deck for formwork of the 1st and 2nd classes must have a water-resistant coating, impregnation or other treatment of working surfaces.

6.3.4 The ends of the laminated plywood and wood-based materials of the forming elements (deck) of the 1st and 2nd class formwork must be protected from mechanical damage and moisture penetration with a sealant.

6.3.5 Steel formwork elements of the 1st class should be galvanized.

6.4 Welding requirements

6.4.1 Types of welds, their shape and dimensions are taken according to working drawings.

Welding of steel structures is carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 5264. GOST 8713. GOST 11533. GOST 11534. GOST 14771. GOST 23518.

6.4.2 Welding of aluminum structures is carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 14806. GOST 14776. When calculating the strength of welded structures with an element without a joint, to which transverse elements are attached by welding (Figure 3). the local weakening of these elements in the heat-affected zone should be taken into account by reducing the design resistance.

6.5 Completeness

6.5.1 The formwork should be supplied by the company and the manufacturer as a complete set in a condition suitable for operation, without additional modifications and corrections (or at the customer's request).

6.5.2 The composition of the kit and the availability of spare parts are determined by the customer's order.

GOST 34329-2017

> - cross members. 2- elements without joint Figure 3 - Welded joint diagram

6.5.3 If necessary, by agreement with the consumer, the formwork kit includes tools and accessories for mounting, dismantling, and moving.

6.5.4 Formwork kits must be supplied with operational documents in accordance with GOST 2.601:

Formwork passport:

Operating instructions (with installation diagrams and permissible loads).

6.6 Marking

6.6.1 On the main elements of the formwork of the 1st and 2nd classes (panels, frames, beams) on the surfaces not in contact with concrete, on the non-working side, the following markings must be applied with indelible paint by impact or in another way:

Index of formwork element according to this standard:

Manufacturing date:

The name of the manufacturer or its trademark.

6.6.2 Each package must have transport markings in accordance with GOST 14192.

6.7 Packaging

6.7.1 Formwork elements larger than 1 m in size should be packed according to brands in transport packages that ensure the integrity and safety of the product during transportation and storage.

6.7.2 Fasteners, locks, nuts, washers and other small-sized formwork elements, accessories, tools and connecting elements must be packed in containers that ensure the safety of the products.

6.7.3 Before packing, the formwork elements must be preserved in accordance with GOST 9.014.

6.7.4 Each package and box must be accompanied by a packing list (inventory) of the elements of this package. The inventory must be available for removal without opening the package and protected from moisture.

6.7.5 Documentation (inventory) supplied with the formwork must be hermetically packed and ensure tightness, watertightness, and the safety of documentation.

6.7.6 When supplying formwork kits, the technical documentation must be enclosed in a container with the inscription “Documentation” on it.

7 Safety requirements

7.1 Connecting (fastening) formwork elements of all classes must have devices that prevent spontaneous opening, unscrewing, undocking or falling out under concreting conditions and other working influences on the formwork.

7.2 The design of the formwork should provide for the presence of a working platform. The width of the working platform must be at least 800 mm outside the formwork dimensions.

7.3 The design of the formwork must provide protection against falls from a height in the form of guardrails. Guards should be along the entire length of the outer platform. The height of the fence must be at least 1100 mm. the distance between the horizontal elements of the fence is no more than 500 mm.

GOST 34329-2017

7.4 The formwork structure should provide means of access for climbing to the working platform (vertical or inclined ladders, etc.).

7.5 The design of large formwork elements should provide means for anchoring. designed for their lifting by lifting mechanisms during the installation and dismantling of the formwork.

7.6 Erection and dismantling of the formwork should be carried out in accordance with the project of production of works (PPR), where the assembly diagram, the technology of installation and dismantling, the bearing capacity of the formwork and elements, the permissible speed of concreting must be indicated.

8 Acceptance rules

8.1 The formwork must be accepted by the manufacturer's technical control service.

8.2 Acceptance of the formwork should be carried out in batches. The lot should not exceed 5000 m 2 (in terms of the area of ​​the surface to be covered).

8.3 To check the quality of production of a serially produced formwork, it is recommended to carry out acceptance (PS) and periodic (P) tests.

8.4 The assembled formwork fragment with an area of ​​at least 20 m 2 is subjected to acceptance tests.

The scope and frequency of periodic tests are established in the technical specifications for specific types of formwork.

The formwork that has passed the acceptance tests is subjected to periodic tests.

8.5 Parameters controlled during tests. - in accordance with table 3.

Table 3

Checked parameter and requirements	Pitchfork test		Table or clause number of this standard
Load bearing capacity			Table D.1
Design loads			Table D.1
Specific gravity			Table D.1
Rigidity			Table D.1
Precision manufacturing and installation			Table 1
Formwork turnover			table 2
Adhesion to concrete			Table D.1
Insulation resistance, power and characteristics of heating formwork heaters			Table D.1
Versatility			Table D.1
Product unification level			Table D.1
Labor intensity of installation and dismantling			Table D.1
Maintainability			Table D.1
Tightness of forming surfaces
Fixation of embedded products in the design position and with design accuracy
Quick release of connecting elements and the ability to eliminate gaps in the formwork elements
Installation and dismantling of formwork without damaging monolithic structures
Formwork connecting elements constructions

GOST 34329-2017

End of table 3

Note 1 - The "+" sign means that the parameter must be checked when carrying out this type of test.

Note 2 - The sign k- "means that the parameter is not checked when carrying out this type of test.

9 Test methods

Formwork tests are carried out in accordance with the requirements of the normative documents "in force on the territory of the state party to the agreement according to programs and methods developed by the enterprises - formwork designers and manufacturers.

10 Transport and storage

10.1 Transportation of formwork elements is allowed to be carried out by open mobile (rail, road) transport without shelter in accordance with the rules for the carriage of goods by this type of transport.

10.2 The group of storage and transportation conditions for the formwork must correspond to group 8 (OZhZ) in accordance with GOST 15150.

10.3 Storage of the formwork should be carried out in accordance with storage conditions 4 (G2). 3 (ZhZ). 5 (ОЖ4), according to GOST 15150.

With a shelf life of up to 12 months, formwork elements of the 1st and 2nd classes must be sorted by brands and sizes, stacked on wooden pads and stored in closed rooms or shelters.

10.4 Metal working surfaces, if long-term storage is required, should be preserved in accordance with GOST 9.014. group II. option VZ-1.

10.5 With a shelf life of more than 12 months, the formwork elements must be re-preserved.

11 Operating instructions

11.1 Formwork should be carried out in accordance with the PPR.

11.2 Safety requirements - according to the normative documents "in force on the territory of the state party to the agreement.

11.3 Installation and dismantling of the formwork can only be carried out if there is a technological map or a project for the production of works.

11.4 Workers who have been instructed are allowed to work on assembling and dismantling the formwork at a height.

11.5 Each time before installing the heating formwork, the safety of the insulation, the attachment of the pantographs, the compliance of the ohmic resistance of the heaters with the passport data are checked. * **

In the Russian Federation - in accordance with the requirements of GOST R 52752-2007 “Formwork. Test methods *.

** In the Russian Federation, safety requirements are in accordance with SP 49.13330 SNiP 12-03-2001 Labor safety in construction. Part 1. General requirements ".

GOST 34329-2017

the integrity of the insulation of the heaters, the operability of the power supply systems and regulation of the heating mode, the safety of work.

12 Manufacturer's warranty

The manufacturer must ensure that the formwork meets the requirements of this standard.

The warranty period for the operation of the 1st class formwork is set 12 months from the date of its shipment to the consumer, subject to the rules of transportation, storage, operation and provided that its turnover does not exceed the standard, the 2nd class formwork is 6 months. formwork of the 3rd class - installed by agreement between the manufacturer and the customer.

GOST 34329-2017

Appendix A (informative)

Applicability of types of formwork

Table A.1

Formwork type	Applicability
Small-shield (collapsible and adjustable)	Concreting of monolithic structures, including those with vertical ones (walls, columns, etc.). horizontal (floors, crossbars, etc.) and inclined surfaces of various shapes with disassembly into separate elements during dismantling, as well as joints, openings of monolithic structures with a small formwork surface. It is allowed to be used together with large-scale formwork for concreting monolithic structures of complex configuration and as inserts. 8 including in cramped production conditions
Large-panel	Concreting of large-sized monolithic structures, including walls and floors of buildings and structures with assembly and disassembly, large elements (including large shields, panels and blocks). Due to its versatility and a number of advantages, large-panel modular formwork is most widely used
	Concreting of closed free-standing monolithic structures, for example, grillages, columns, foundations ", as well as internal surfaces of closed cells of residential buildings and lift shafts
Volume-overhanging	Simultaneous concreting of walls and ceilings of buildings and structures. It is rarely used
Sliding	Concreting of vertical (mainly more than 40 m high) walls of buildings and structures, predominantly of constant cross-section. Very rarely used
Horizontally movable	Concreting of water pipelines, collectors, tunnels, erected by an open method (kaguchy formwork); lining of open-cut tunnels (tunnel formwork). Swing formwork is rarely used
Lifting-adjustable	Concreting of vertical high-rise structures with variable cross-section. e.g. cooling towers, rough, bridge piers and overpasses of considerable height
Pneumatic	Concreting of spatial monolithic structures of curvilinear shape, for example, a sphere, a dome, etc. It is used extremely rarely
Non-removable	Concreting of monolithic structures without stripping. creation of waterproofing, cladding, saturation. external reinforcement, etc. It may or may not be included in the design section of a monolithic structure. It is rarely used
Note - The types of formwork are used depending on the type and size of the structures to be concreted and the method of concrete work.

GOST 34329-2017

Appendix B (reference)

Formwork schemes

scaffolds: 2 - corner board. 2- modular panels: 4 - panel connection locks: 5 - brace: c - tie Figure B.1 - Large-panel modular wall formwork

GOST 34329-2017

G - vertical trusses; 2 - contractions; 3 - greedy; 4 - scaffold: S - deck (plywood)

Figure B.3 - Large-panel demountable wall formwork on wooden and steel concrete

GOST 34329-2017

1 - ■ plywood, 2 - vertical beam. 2 - double beams

Figure B.4 - Large-panel demountable formwork on wooden beams

shm

deck (plywood); 2 - horizontal beams (contractions): 3 - vertical beams. 4 - scaffolding

Figure B.5 - Collapsible large-panel formwork

GOST 34329-2017

T - telescopic racks. 2 - tripod; 3 - longitudinal beams. 4 - cross beams. 5 - fence

Figure B.6 - Demountable-movable formwork of floors on stops

) - frames; 2 - jack. 3 - longitudinal beams. 4 - cross beams. 5 - fence

Figure B.7 - Reversible slab formwork on frames

GOST 34329-2017

t - stand: 2 - articulated joint; 3 - jack. 4 - ail w beams Figure B.8 - System of spatial props of floor formwork

Carrying truss; 2 - jack: 3 - cross beams: 4 - deck (plywood) Figure B.9 - Large-scale (stop) slab formwork

GOST 34329-2017

1 - patella formwork; 2 - formwork of steps. 3 - squeezing device Figure B.10 - Block-form of stepped foundations

Figure B.11 - Block formwork

GOST 34329-2017

Y222E7: .7L7 /.

a). 6) - U-reverse formwork; ) - L-shaped formwork: (- L-shaped block:

2 - de-popping mechanism. 3 - central insert, 4 - jack; S - roller

Figure B.12 - Volumetric and restored formwork

GOST 34329-2017

f - outer scaffolds: 2 - tndrodomkret with a horizontal regulator; 3 - jack frame: 4 - working floor; 5 - shield pububm; в - jacking rod: 7 - suspensions; c - internal scaffolding. 9 - outer scaffold: 10 - "scaffold bracket

Figure B.13 - Sliding formwork

GOST 34329-2017

Appendix B

(required)

Formwork indexing of a specific structure

B.1 The order of indexing is shown in Figure B.1.

Suenyue obshzhaniaoschgtsbi

about »Tima formubst

by monolithic * construction *

Vuyuamk »about» knamo type of formwork based on didrut characteristics_

Letter oflowfrieieie of the type of formwork wasted

Class "ZHUPUOi_

Carriers tjW *

X X.

X- X-

EyeiiPi "CgQHa-ia ^ -nmomjTiCKwm gfimmkpmiovti at a different temperature not difficult voyayusa and xapajnepy things

X

Note-B) elekt | niopsi0y0 | and by the type of memgvshyuy yaistruyam lryavdyagn * 0; zhao "e * | YoCo" mkzh> "tolysz1shCopoermuos" 1 "romani: amementsh (stsh. Stgkzhk overlaps).

Figure B.1

B.2 Symbols of formwork types are given in Table B.1. Table B.1

* If necessary, by agreement with the customer.

GOST 34329-2017

End of Table B. 1

Formwork type	Legend according to indexing order
Formwork type by design features: Small-panel (collapsible-adjustable) Large-scale Blocky Volume-adjustable Sliding Horizontally movable Lifting-adjustable Pneumatic Non-removable
Formwork type based on the materials of the supporting and forming elements: Steel Aluminum Plastic Wooden and made of wood materials- combined After reading materials
Formwork class:
The type of formwork according to its applicability at different temperatures of the outside air and the nature of the effect of the formwork on the concrete of a monolithic structure: Uninsulated Insulated Heating Special

B.3 An example of indexing the wall formwork of a large-scale aluminum first class with a bearing capacity of 6 tf / m 2 insulated:

О С K. AL - 1-в.У according to GOST XXXXX-2017

B.4 Order of indexing of formwork elements

X XXX X

5% wi I This designation formwork element:

Sch-shield, R "-r-cSt-ogoishtchiaspmiai. b-baliv, R- (mgeg, Spock-coupler, GC-pooioegs, Pi-brace, Zm-amok

main registries epiente opelubsh * ** m

Bearing capacity, Slot, tf (in<хвк»к)

* Shirim on worry-dt * irts andiiyshpmy shoot "on muyuyishyy mash-for the shoal flock" length-for flocks, mishlyvya shrfmva spring-length curls and Mr. a

** Not shy * oh

Figure B.2

GOST 34329-2017

B.S Examples of indexing formwork elements

B.5.1 Example of indexing a formwork panel with a width of 1.2 m and a height of 3 m:

B.5.2 An example of indexing a telescopic rack with a minimum height of 1.5 m and a maximum height of 3.7 m with a bearing capacity of 0.9 tf at a maximum height:

St 1.5 * 3.7 (0.9)

GOST 34329-2017

Appendix D

(required)

The nomenclature of quality indicators established in the technical conditions

for specific types of formwork

D.1 In the technical conditions for formwork of specific types, the values ​​of quality indicators are established, the nomenclature of which is given in Table D.1.

Table D.1

	Applicability in Efficiency Specification
Name of indicators, unified measurement		from formwork class
For all types of formwork
Formwork class
Bearing capacity, tf / m 2
Specific weight, kg / m 2
Dimensions and tolerances of the main formwork elements, mm Stiffness:
Load deflection, mm Design loads:
Concrete lateral pressure. kgf / m2
Load when concreting floors. kgf / m2
Horizontal displacement loads. kgf / m2 Adhesion to concrete *:
Clutch load at breakaway at angles 0 *. 45 *. 90 * (depending on the type of formwork), kgf / m 2 (reference)
Versatility: Module, applicability (reference) Product standardization level:
The number of standardized elements, wg. (reference)
Labor intensity of installation and dismantling, man-hours (reference) Maintainability:
Specific total labor intensity of repair, man-h / unit. revolutions (reference)
Block formwork of the outer contour (block form)
Sizes of boards and blocks, mm
Panels tilt angle, degrees
Reversible formwork
Section sizes, mm
Ceiling propetes, mm
Method of installation and stripping
Sliding formwork
Dimensions of the structure to be erected, including thickness
The type of lifting equipment and its main characteristics
Method of installation, lifting and dismantling The quality of the formwork is largely determined by the efficiency of the lifting equipment (including
including the ability to “step in place” and maintain the horizontalness of the working bottom), as well as the quality of the deck surface adjacent to the concrete (low adhesion)

GOST 34329-2017

End of Table D. 1

Name of indicators, unit of measurement	Applicability to technical conditions and depending on the class of formwork
	1st class
Horizontally movable formwork
Shield length, mm
Shield slope, hail
Horizontal travel speed
formwork. t * fn
Tunnel
Tunnel dimensions, mm
Method of mounting, stripping and moving
Climbing formwork
Dimensions of boards and structures, mm
Wall thickness (range of shields movement), mm
Lifting equipment drive type and its main
specifications
Method of mounting, lifting and stripping
Pneumatic formwork
Formwork dimensions, mm
Method of mounting, lifting, moving and stripping
Overpressure. Pa
Fixed formwork
Formwork material characteristics 8 depending on
destination ”, including:
Water permeability
Inclusion or non-inclusion in the design section
monolithic structures
special properties (waterproofing, finishing
surface, insulation, etc.)
Heating formwork
Heater characteristics:
Heater type
Insulation material and characteristics, including
electrical resistance. MOhm
Rated voltage. V
Rated power. kW
Working temperature, hail
Temperature drops, degrees
Insulation type and characteristics, including:
Density, kg / m 3
Coefficient of thermal conductivity. W / (m - * C)
Depending on the duration of contact between concrete and formwork in hours.
For cladding or waterproofing.
Notes (edit)
1 The "+" sign means that a quality index must be set for the date of the formwork class.
2 The sign “- *” means that it is not necessary to set the quality index for the given formwork class.

GOST 34329-2017

Appendix D

(required)

Loads and data for calculating the formwork

E.1 Vertical loads

E.1.1 The own mass of the formwork is determined according to the drawings.

E.1.2 The mass of the concrete mixture is taken: for heavy concrete - 2500 kg / m 3, for other concretes - according to the actual mass.

E.1.3 The mass of the reinforcement is taken according to the project, in the absence of design data, -100 kg / m 3.

E.1.4 Loads from people and vehicles - 250 kgf / m 2. In addition, the formwork should be checked for the concentrated load from the technological means according to the actual possible tightening according to the SPR.

Note - The same for the working area of ​​the sliding formwork. The lifting force of the sliding formwork is determined by summing up: 1) loads from people, lifting equipment and vehicles; 2) the own weight of the formwork; 3) friction of the formwork on the concrete mixture. Lifting force versus friction:

F = 4> (P + oS).

coefficient of friction:

lateral pressure of concrete mix, kgf / m 3;

normal adhesion kgf / m 3;

contact area or F = K ^ K ^ S. here K t, K 2 - coefficient of adhesion and specific friction, depending on the material of the deck.

E.2 Horizontal loads

E.2.1 Wind loads are accepted according to regulatory documents * in force on the territory of the state party to the agreement.

E.2.2 The maximum lateral pressure of the concrete mixture P gpage, kgf (tf) / m 3.

E.2.2.1 When compacting the mixture with external vibrators (as well as internal vibrators with a vibrator radius of R 2 N.

Resulting pressure:

E.2.2.2 When filling the concrete mix with internal vibrators

P so = * 0.27 V +0.78)

where y is the bulk density of the concrete mixture, kg / m 3;

V - speed of concreting (speed of filling the formwork in height), m / h:

K-, - coefficient taking into account the influence of the mobility (stiffness) of the concrete mixture. / 0, - 0.8 for mixtures with o. to. (draft of the cone) 0-2 cm: K, = 1 for mixtures with o.k. 2-7 cm: K, = 1.2 for mixtures with o. K. 6 cm or more; "2 is a coefficient that takes into account the effect of the temperature of the concrete mixture:

K 2 = 1.15 for mixtures with a temperature of 5-10 * C;

K 2 = 1.0 for mixtures with a temperature of 10-25 * С:

K 2 = 0.65 for mixtures with a temperature of more than 25 ° C.

E.2.2.E Dynamic loads arising during unloading of concrete mix are taken according to table E.1. E.2.2.4 Loads from vibration of concrete mix take 400 kgf / m 3.

In the Russian Federation, wind loads are accepted according to SP 20.13330.2016 "SNiP 2.01.07-85 'Loads and Impacts".

GOST 34329-2017

E.2.2.5 The safety factors when calculating the pressure of the concrete mixture are taken according to table E.2.

E.2.2.6 The calculated pressure diagram of the concrete mixture - according to Figure D. 1 b. h max - height, m. at which the maximum pressure of the concrete mixture is reached

“^ Ta> / 7"

where y is the bulk density for heavy concrete, taken equal to 2500 kg / m 3.

E.2.2.7 Maximum loads in all cases, taking into account all factors, should be taken not higher than hydrostatic.

a - hydrostatic pressure: 6 - design pressure when compacting the mixture with internal vibrators Figure E. 1- Calculated diagrams of lateral pressure of the concrete mixture Table E.1 -Additional dynamic loads arising during unloading of concrete mixture

Table E.2 - Safety factors when calculating the pressure of the concrete mix

D.2.2.8 Loads D.2.2 are taken into account during the installation and dismantling of the formwork, loads according to D.1.4. E.2.2.3. D.2.2.4 taken into account when calculating the strength.

GOST 34329-2017

UDC 69.057.5: 006.354 OKS 91.220

Key words: type of formwork, class of formwork, turnover rate, precision of manufacturing and installation

BZ 11-2017 / 228

Editor E.V. Talantseva Technical editor I.E. Cherepkova Proofreader E.R. Aroyan Computer layout I.V. Betosenko

Completed set 12/16/2017. Signed for printing 02/14/2016. Format 60 * 64 Vg. Arial headset. Uel. print l. 4.16. Uch.-ed. l. 3.76. Circulation 26 ECE. Per*. 82.

Prepared on the basis of the electronic version provided by the developer of the standard

Publishing House "Jurisprudence". 11S419. Moscow, st. Ordzhonikidze. 11 www iuheizdat.ru

Published and printed at FGUP STANDARTINFORM, 123001. Moscow. Granatny lane .. 4. www.90stinro.1u

• The production of removable formwork is regulated by a number of state regulatory documents, in particular:
  • GOST R 52086-2003 "Formwork. Terms and Definitions";
  • GOST R 52085-2003 "Formwork. General technical conditions ";
  • GOST R 52752-2007 "Formwork. Test methods ".

Depending on the type, purpose and operating conditions, demountable construction formwork can be manufactured:
- in full compliance with GOST;
- according to the Manufacturer's Technical Conditions, developed on the basis of the current GOST and approved in the appropriate manner;
- according to the customer's individual Technical Assignment with subsequent certification and obtaining a permit for use in agreement with the State Agencies.

Terms and Definitions

GOST R 52086-2003 applies to all types of building formwork for monolithic construction, with the exception of single-use formwork systems for individual and unique monolithic buildings and architectural structures.

• This GOST establishes terms and defines them. GOST requirements are mandatory. The State Standard regulates:
  • general concepts(gives a definition of construction formwork, its elements, monolithic structures, etc.);
  • terms and definitions of types of removable formwork depending on the type of monolithic structures being erected (wall formwork, foundation formwork, columns, floors, etc.);
  • types of construction formwork, depending on the design (small- and large-panel, collapsible, modular, block, universal, etc.);
  • the materials used (steel, aluminum, plastic, wood, combined materials);
  • types of removable formwork, depending on the purpose and operation when different temperatures the environment, as well as the nature of the impact formwork system on concrete (insulated, not insulated, heated, special);
  • terms and definitions of types of construction formwork, depending on the turnover (one-time or, as it is called, non-removable and inventory - removable);
  • terms and definitions of technical, operational and geometric characteristics of construction formwork (class, bearing capacity, specific gravity, design load).

General specifications

GOST R 52085-2003 applies to all types of construction formwork used in the monolithic construction of buildings and architectural structures for any purpose.
GOST provides a classification of fixed and removable formwork:
- by purpose: formwork of ceilings, walls, columns, foundations, grillages, etc .;
- by design: small-panel (the weight of one module is up to 50 kg) and large-panel (over 50 kg);
- by type of installation: movable, sliding, rolling;
- by the type of materials used in the production of formwork: steel, aluminum, wood, plastic, combined;
- according to the specifics of operation: general purpose, heating, special.

Depending on the requirements for operation, removable formwork is divided into three accuracy classes: 1, 2 and 3, where class 1 implies the highest precision in the manufacture of removable formwork and its installation, and class 3 - the lowest accuracy. At the same time, the accuracy of the geometric parameters of the wall formwork, foundations, floors, etc. in the 1st and 2nd class is established by the State Standard, and in the 3rd class it can be agreed with the consumer.

The normative document also dictates the minimum turnover of removable formwork (the number of concrete pouring and formwork cycles). The higher the accuracy class of the construction formwork, the higher its turnover rate. When calculating economic efficiency, the amortization cycle and the cost of the formwork throughout its entire service life (TCO), the consumer can rely on GOST data. The number of cycles is determined based on the materials used in the production of the formwork, accuracy class and design.

If the construction formwork is manufactured according to the manufacturer's Technical Conditions, then the State Standard should be the basis for their development. Formwork according to TU must be made according to design documentation developed and approved in accordance with GOST R 15.201.

According to GOST R 52085-2003, formwork for monolithic construction must comply with climatic design U, placement category 1 according to GOST 15150.

Test methods

GOST R 52752-2007 applies to monolithic formwork and standardizes the methods of static tests for the bearing capacity and stiffness of the elements of the formwork system. The requirements of this State. The standard should be guided by companies specializing in the production of formwork, as well as testing laboratories and bodies responsible for certification.
Formwork tests are necessary to check its accuracy and bearing capacity for compliance with the current requirements and the declared parameters in the design and operational documentation, as well as in the manufacturer's Technical Conditions.

The control is carried out by the method of static loading and verification of the actual breaking load with the declared one.

Tests are carried out on full-scale samples in the amount of at least 3 pieces from a serial batch. If the cost of the formwork is high or if large-size elements are checked, it is allowed to carry out control tests on two full-scale samples from the batch.

Tests of the formwork of walls, floors, foundations, etc. are considered successful if the deviation of the breaking load is no more than 5% downward from the declared one.

Control of monolithic formwork and its individual elements for compliance with geometric parameters in accordance with GOST or TU is carried out in accordance with GOST 26433.0 - GOST 26433.2.

Based on the test results, a corresponding act is drawn up, which displays the type of the tested formwork and its elements, the date, scheme and test procedure, the value of the breaking load, the calculated stiffness of the elements and the bearing capacity.

The method and scheme of loading the formwork during testing should simulate real operating conditions as accurately as possible. Therefore, test schemes, for example, for wall formwork and floor formwork will be radically different.

STATE STANDARD OF THE UNION OF SSR

MONOLITHIC FORMWORK
CONCRETE AND REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES

CLASSIFICATION AND GENERAL TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

GOST 23478-79

PUBLISHING STANDARDS

Moscow

STATE STANDARD OF THE UNION OF SSR

Decree State Committee USSR for construction from 19.01.79 No. 6, the date of introduction is set

from 01.01.80

This standard applies to formwork for the construction of monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete structures, consisting of form-forming and supporting elements that provide the design dimensions of the structures. The standard does not apply to single-use removable formwork for the construction of individual and unique monolithic structures, as well as to special formwork and formwork used as additional elements. Standards and specifications for specific types of formwork should be developed taking into account the requirements of this standard.

1. CLASSIFICATION

1.1. Formwork is subdivided according to: - design features; - materials of forming elements; - applicability at different temperatures of the outside air and the nature of its effect on the concrete of structures. 1.2. By design features, the formwork is subdivided into: - collapsible small-panel formwork; - collapsible and adjustable large-panel; - overhead lifting; - block; - volumetric adjustable; - sliding; - horizontally movable (rolling, tunnel); - pneumatic; - non-removable. The types of formwork are chosen depending on the type and size of the structures to be concreted and the method of production of reinforcement and concrete work. The characteristics of the types of formwork and their area of ​​application are given in Appendix 1. 1.3. According to the materials of the forming elements, the formwork is subdivided into: - metal; - wooden; - plywood; - plastic. 1.4. According to its applicability at different temperatures of the outside air and the nature of its effect on concrete, the formwork is subdivided into: - non-insulated; - insulated; - heating (thermoactive).

2. DESIGN LOADS

2.1. Loads on the formwork from the concrete mix and technological equipment are taken in accordance with the requirements established by Ch. Part III of SNiP on concrete and reinforced concrete monolithic structures. 2.2. Temporary technological and transport loads are set depending on the type of formwork and transportation conditions.

3. MAIN DIMENSIONS

3.1. The dimensions of the formwork should be assigned based on the condition of using the minimum number of standard sizes of elements (including additional ones). 3.2. The dimensions of the form-forming elements of the formwork must be multiples of 3M. Sizes that are multiples of M are allowed by agreement with the consumer.

4. GENERAL TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

4.1. Formwork must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard and standards or specifications for specific types of formwork. 4.2. The formwork must have strength, rigidity, shape invariability and stability in the working position, as well as in the conditions of installation and transportation. 4.3. The design of the formwork must ensure: - the design accuracy of the geometric dimensions of monolithic structures and the specified quality of their surface; - quick disconnect of connecting elements and the ability to eliminate gaps in its elements that appear during long-term operation; - Convenience of repair and replacement of elements that are out of order; - quick installation and disassembly without damaging monolithic structures and formwork elements; - minimal adhesion to concrete (except for non-removable); - fixing embedded parts in the design position with the accuracy given in the working drawings for monolithic structures or in the corresponding state standards; - the possibility of large-scale assembly and readjustment (changes in overall dimensions or configuration) in the conditions of the construction site, as well as a given turnover; - temperature and humidity conditions required for hardening and concrete gaining of design strength. 4.4. The surfaces of the inventory formwork (except pneumatic), not in contact with concrete, must be painted with paints that are resistant to the environment under operating conditions. The working surfaces of the metal formwork and parts, if necessary for long-term storage, must be preserved in accordance with GOST 9.014-78. 4.5. Collapsible large-panel, block and volumetric-movable formwork, as well as formwork panels and blocks assembled from the elements of the collapsible-movable formwork, must have devices for their preliminary separation from the surface of the concreted structures. The use of lifting mechanisms for stripping the formwork from the concrete is prohibited. 4.6. The design of the heating formwork must ensure: - uniform temperature on the board deck. Temperature differences should not exceed 5 ° С; - the possibility of replacing heating elements in the event of their failure during operation; - control and regulation of heating modes; - stability of the heat engineering properties of the shield. 4.7. The turnover of the elements of the inventory formwork must be at least as shown in the table.

Formwork type	Formwork turnover, units of revolution
				Steel support elements
	metal (steel)	plywood	wooden
Dismountable small-panel
Dismountable large-panel
Lifting-adjustable
Blocky
Volume-adjustable
Sliding, pog. m
Horizontally movable (rolling, tunnel), linear m

4.8. The accuracy class of the assembled formwork must be 1 class higher than the accuracy class of the structures to be concreted, and the accuracy class of the manufacture of formwork elements must be assigned 1 class higher than the installation accuracy class. The accuracy class of the concrete structures is assigned in the project in accordance with GOST 21779-82. 4.9. For the construction of monolithic structures with surfaces ready for painting or wallpapering, formwork should be used, which ensures the production of concrete surfaces in accordance with SNiP 3.04.01-87. 4.10. To obtain concrete surfaces ready for painting or wallpapering, as a rule, large-size formwork structures with a minimum number of butt joints should be used. 4.11. Cracks, burrs and local deviations with a depth of more than 2 mm are not allowed on the deck of panels made of metal, plywood or plastic; on a deck made of wood - more than 3 mm in an amount of more than 3 per 1 m 2. 4.12. The deck of large-size formwork structures (large-panel, volume-adjustable, block), used to obtain surfaces ready for painting or wallpapering, should be made of whole panels. When made from two or more sheets, the deck joints should be supported by bearing structures shield frame; welds and sealant should be scraped flush with the base surface. 4.13. For the supporting metal elements of the formwork (contractions, racks, frames, trusses, etc.) and its frame frames, steel grade ВСт.3 should be used in accordance with GOST 380-88. For metal decks, sheet steel of grade ВСт.3 should be used in accordance with GOST 380-88, GOST 16523-89, GOST 14637-89. Devices for lifting the formwork (hinges, pins, etc.) must be made of steel grade ВSt.3ps of any category in accordance with GOST 380-88 or steel grade 20 in accordance with GOST 1050-88. Parts subject to wear (pins, locks, bushings, hinges, etc.) must be made of steel grade no lower than 45 in accordance with GOST 1050-88 and subjected to heat treatment. 4.14. For wooden supporting elements, round coniferous timber should be used not lower than grade II in accordance with GOST 9463-88, coniferous timber not lower than grade II in accordance with GOST 8486-86; for the deck - sawn softwood in accordance with GOST 8486-86 and hardwood in accordance with GOST 2695-83 not lower than grade II. Deck planks shall be no more than 150 mm wide. The moisture content of the wood used for supporting elements should be no more than 22%, for the deck - no more than 18%. 4.15. For panels, chipboards according to GOST 10632-89, fiberboards according to GOST 4598-86, bakelized plywood according to GOST 11539-83, FSF grade according to GOST 3916.1-89 or GOST 3916.2-89 should be used. FSF boards and plywood must be protected with a waterproof coating. 4.16. The end surfaces of a non-metallic deck (wood, plywood) must be protected from moisture with a waterproof sealant. 4.17. Plastic decks must be made of materials that meet the requirements of standards or specifications for these materials. 4.18. Heat-insulating materials with a density of up to 200 kg / m 3 should be used as a heater for heating and insulated formwork. The density of the insulation should not exceed the passport by more than 15%, and the humidity - by 6%. 4.19. In the heating formwork, the electrical resistance of the insulation of heaters and switching wiring should not be less than 0.5 Mohm. 4.20. The formwork elements must fit snugly against each other during assembly. Slots in butt joints should not be more than 2 mm. 4.21. The types of welds, their shape and dimensions are taken according to working drawings and must comply with the requirements of GOST 5264-80 and GOST 8713-79. 4.22. Glue joints of wooden formwork must comply with GOST 19414-90. 4.23. The play in the articulated joints of the formwork elements should not exceed 1 mm. The connections of the formwork elements (locks, with wedge, screw, eccentric locking) must be reliable in operation and be resistant to vibration when compacting the concrete mixture.

ANNEX 1

Reference

CHARACTERISTICS OF FORMWORK TYPES AND THEIR APPLICATION

1. Dismountable small-panel board. Consists of elements weighing up to 59 kg, shields, supporting and fastening elements. They are used for concreting structures, incl. with vertical, horizontal and inclined surfaces of various shapes. 2. Collapsible and adjustable, large-panel. Consists of shields, structurally connected with supporting elements, the total mass of St. 50 kg, equipped with stability equipment if necessary. They are used for concreting large-sized structures. 3. Climbing formwork. Consists of shields, separated from the concreted surface during movement, supporting elements, working floor (flooring) and devices (mechanisms) for movement. They are used for concreting structures and structures of mainly variable cross-section (chimneys, cooling towers, silos, bridge supports, etc.). 4. Blocky. Consists of shields and supporting elements assembled into spatial blocks. They are used for concreting free-standing (grillages, stepped and columnar foundations) and fragments of large-sized structures. 5. Volumetric adjustable. It consists of blocks, which, when installed in a working position, form a U-shaped formwork in cross-section. They are used for concreting walls and floors of residential and public buildings. 6. Sliding. Consists of shields, working floor and jacks fixed on jack frames, drive stations and other elements (suspended scaffolds, jack rods, canopies, etc.). The formwork is lifted with jacks as concreting proceeds. They are used for the erection of vertical structures, buildings and structures of predominantly constant cross-section with a height of more than 40 m and a thickness of at least 12 cm. 7. Horizontally movable (rolling, tunnel). Consists of shields, incl. curvilinear shape, fixed on a lattice girder. They move along the structure under construction on carts or other devices. They are used for the construction of tunnels by an open method, retaining walls, water conduits, collectors, lining of tunnels erected in a closed way, tanks. 8. Pneumatic. Consists of a flexible air support shell or pneumatic support elements with a shaping shell. They are used for the construction of structures and structures with a curved outline. 9. Fixed. Consists of shields remaining after concreting in the structure and inventory supporting elements. In some cases, it performs additional functions (cladding, waterproofing, insulation, etc. ). Formwork may or may not be included in the design section of a monolithic structure.

APPENDIX 2

Mandatory

TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

	Definition
Form-forming formwork element	Shield, forming shell of pneumatic formwork, panel, block
Shield deck	Surface in direct contact with concrete
Panel	Large-size formwork element with a flat or curved surface, assembled from individual elements (including several panels)
Block	Closed or open spatial formwork, assembled from panels or individual panels
Contractions	Supporting elements that hold the shields in working position
Working position of the formwork	Design position of the formwork prepared for placing the concrete mixture
Supporting elements	Elements used for the installation of shields and bearing loads during concreting