For the heating of the dwelling, the "Warm floor" system is very convenient and efficient.
It is coils located under the coating of floors.
Despite all the comfort of this system, it is very expensive.
In order to find a suitable power boiler, you need to make calculations of heat loss. For calculations, 2 kW of the boiler power is usually taken by 10 m2 area of \u200b\u200bthe room with a 2.5 m high.
Why is the gas boiler need to be used to provide heating "Warm floor"? For this there are several reasons:
But the main reason lies in the design features of the condensation gas boiler. To make it clear what we are talking about, let's consider the 2 main types of gas boilers:
Due to the additional heat exchanger (economyzer), an additional heating of the coolant occurs. The economizer is located almost at the exit of combustion products from the boiler. Heating occurs due to the hidden energy of the water vapor, which is present in the flue gases. Steam condenses on the walls of the heat exchanger, thereby transfers its energy to the coolant.
Thus, the condensation boiler has a useful coefficient (efficiency) by 15% more than convection.
Attention! In order for the process of condensation of water vapor on the walls of the heat exchanger occurred intensively, it is necessary that water in the heat exchanger can be as cold as possible. The optimal temperature is not higher than 400c.
According to the instructions, cold water can not be supplied to the working boiler - it can adversely affect the durability of the heat exchanger, but this rule applies only to convection boilers. In the case of a condensation boiler of the temperature skew, since cold water Pre-heated in the economizer to the optimum temperature. In the main heat exchanger will come the heated water.
If insufficient water will be supplied to the condensing boiler, then it will simply lose all its advantages, because the steam will not be condensed, which means that the heat carrier will not be heated. Therefore, water in the reverse line should be cooled as much as possible. In this we will help warm floors.
It turns out that when used condensation boiler The heating system "Warm floor" is not simply free, but is also necessary to reduce the temperature in the reverse line. A kind of side effect in the work of the main heating system.
If in the coil under the floor to submit water from heating radiators, then the floors are warm almost the same as radiators are too long. That's what it is distinctive trait "Warm floors" from traditional heating. Their nominal feed temperature should be within 40-450c. How to fulfill this condition? The solution to this question carries in itself very simple design. Its name hydroelectricity. It is a vertical accumulative tank. In this tank, water is assembled from direct and reverse lines. According to the laws of physics, hot water will be collected in the upper part of the tank, and the cold in the bottom.
Installation of a gas boiler better entrust to experts. And if it is performed independently, you need to follow all the requirements specified in the instructions. The strapping of the boiler must be done in accordance with the drawing. To connect pipelines to use only factory parts and seals.
The heating system must be already mounted, it will only remain correctly installed and connect the hydraulic system on one side with the heating system, and on the other hand with a boiler.
On a note. To ensure the uniform distribution of the coolant between heating circuits, you need to install 2 collectors - one on a straight line, and the other on the reverse. At each output from the collector, install the locking fittings so that it is possible to turn off each individual circuit.
The hydroelectron has several outlets located at different levels in height:
The figure shows in detail the heating circuit of several heating circuits using hydraulic and two collectors.
The collectors are installed after the hydraulic fracture and to it on the "return", if you look at the movement of the coolant.
The most optimal option to ensure heating with the "warm floor" will be a gas double-circuit boiler with a forced burden in the suspended version.
Such a model is well suited for a private house of medium sizes and even in the apartment. It will only remain to ensure the output of combustion products. Coaxial tube for a gas-gas gas boiler replaces the traditional brick gas duct. Therefore, the installation of an aggregate is possible even in the absence of a special gas plant.
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Water warm floors have become loved by many developers. Not everyone, who considers the construction of the house, wants warm floors as heating. With this situation, there is always an open question of choosing a boiler for heating water warm floors.
Of course, every boiler is able to warm the warm floors, but not everyone can do it with maximum efficiency. Therefore, in this article, let's talk about boilers that are ideal for water warm floor.
Water floors are primarily low-temperature system Heating. It works efficiently when heating the coolant in just 45 S. Many people are attributed to this fact not to the main advantage, making emphasis on the fact that such "low temperature" saves. On the one hand, this is true. On the other hand, you can start overpaying, not knowing about the features of some boilers.
But if you choose a water warm floor boiler, which is sharpened to under low-temperature work, then only in this case can begin to save.
And now about these representatives in order.
Since the gas with you is the most popular fuel type, I will start with it. Many buy gas boilers for water underwear, not thinking about how to overpay.
How many do:
As a result, do not notice that we write extra money. Because of which? Yes, everything is simple - ordinary gas boilers achieve maximum efficiency at maximum working temperatures. And they are 70-90 degrees.
If you see a proud number from the manufacturer "The efficiency of our boiler is 94%," then keep in mind that in the passport it will definitely indicate that this applies only to high temperatures Work. In low temperature mode, performance drops to 80-85%.
Also, the low-temperature operation of the gas boiler entails the formation of condensation. And this negatively affects the service life of the boiler.
Of course, such boilers can be adapted for efficient work Water warm floors. For this, of course you will have a little complicate the system.
In case you have a combination system with a warm floor + radiators, then by a mixing module, the CPD of the boiler can be displayed immediately to the maximum level.
And now what i can do? Do not buy gas boilers for a warm floor? In fact, there is a type of gas boilers that are sharpened to work with a warm floor. Condensation boilers are called. Such boilers receive additional energy just with the resulting condensate. For low temperatures Works The efficiency of the boiler is close to 100%.
Condensation boiler
heat pump
The heat pump is also the perfect "boiler" for a water warm floor. There is an exorbitant money and pays off indecently for a long time. But it is capable of in low temperatures of the work of the transformation coefficient 1 to 6. That is, from 1 kW of the energy spent to produce 6 kW of thermal energy.
About the principle of work, we wrote a separate article. There you will find all the secrets of the warm pump work and why there is such a transformation. But if briefly, this device can convert the Earth's energy in thermal energy.
The next boiler for water underground, which we will look at, will be electric. These models have been studied along and across. Particularly ingenious, too, did not come up with anything. Underwater stones like in gas bolery, not.
Therefore, we take that in the soul, put the desired heating temperature and rejoice.
In some models of electric boilers, there are special modes of operation for a water heating floor system. Do such functions give any benefits or not - the question is open. Therefore, the boiler model takes at its discretion.
The most important drawback of such boilers is eating a lot of electricity and require separate wiring. Well, most often faster failure, compared with gas and solid fuel boilers.
As mentioned at the beginning of the article, any boilers can warm the warm floor, but only a few ways to do it as efficiently as possible. As for the rest of the models, let's understand them briefly.
Do the stop still on the model long burning. So at least you will lose yourself unscheduled registration in the boiler room. Also ensure yourself with a buffer capacity to avoid unnecessary problems when heating with a solid-fuel boiler of water warm floor.
Diesel boilers
Expensive and inappropriate in most cases. But if you want, why not?
They were also written separate material. We recommend to read. If you want yourself such a boiler and there is an affordable raw material, then the pellet boiler will be a good device for water heated floor.
eurosantehnik.ru.
Today in multiple stores and shopping centers you can find a fairly wide range of heating boilers. This is I. electric boilers, and solid fuel, and which work on natural gas. Types of boilers are very different, and in this article we will talk about condensation heating boilers, about outdoor and wall variants And about the history of their appearance.
Gas condensation boilers more and more conquer the market because they have proven themselves as very effective devices. Condensation boilers have a rather serious efficiency. It is almost 96%. While the conventional KPD boilers hardly reach up to 85%. Condensation boilers are very economical. These boilers are very popular in Europe, since Europeans have enough of the fuel economy. Despite the slightly large cost of the condensation boiler compared to the usual, condensing gas heating units are quite quickly paid off. Boilers of this type are confidently looking into the future, because the principle of their work is the most promising today.
In the distant fifties, the models of condensation boilers began to appear for the first time. These models were not perfect as today, and during their evolution have undergone multiple changes. Well, already in those distant years, the boilers of this type demonstrated quite serious indicators of fuel economy. This important factor is still the main one that makes conditioned boilers very attractive for buyers.
In those years, heat exchangers were used from cast iron or from steel, which made them short-lived. Under the influence of condensate, the boilers quickly aroused due to the strongest corrosion. Only in the seventies, new materials and technologies came to replace the cast iron from steel. Many elements of boilers, including heat exchangers, began to produce stainless steel. Such modernization at times extended the service life of the condensation boiler. Multiple experts converge in a single opinion that the boilers of this type in modern video represent reliable, very eco-friendly, and very effective in terms of efficiency heating devices. Experts also believe that conditioned boilers expect a very promising future. In the USSR, studies were also conducted in this direction, but did not receive any serious development.
The principle of the condensation boiler
The principle for which many heating boilers work are very simple. It includes the only action - the combustion of fuel. As is known, when combustion of fuel, a certain amount of thermal energy is distinguished. With the help of heat exchanger, the heat energy is transmitted to the coolant, and then with the help of circulation enters the heating system. Circulation can be carried out both forced and gravity. The overwhelming majority of modern boilers use forced circulation of the coolant.
In the usual boiler through a chimney pipe, a certain amount of heat energy. This heat can be selected and used again. Simply, the usual boiler partially heated the atmosphere of water vapor, which is formed during gas combustion. Here is just hidden the most important chip. According to the principle of your work, condensation gas boilers are able to maintain and direct again into the heating system that the energity of the steam, which in the usual boiler just goes into the chimney. The entire trick of the condensation boiler is its heat exchanger.
The condensation boiler is focused on the absorption of energy, which is released during steam condensation. The same heat and is absorbed by water, which comes in the return, and which is pre-cooled steam to the temperature of the "dew point", freeing the thermal energy. This thermal energy is refundable to the heating system, thereby increasing the efficiency of the condensation boiler.
Currently, all heat exchangers of condensation boilers are manufactured from anti-corrosion materials. These include silumin or stainless steel. For collecting condensate in condensation boilers there is a special capacity. Excess condensate is discharged with drainage into the sewer.
Condensate is considered rather aggressive fluid. Therefore, in some countries, before draining condensate into the sewer, it needs to be neutralized. Neutralizers exist for this procedure. The neutralizer is a certain container that is filled with special granules. The composition of these granules may include magnesium or calcium.
To date, there are low-temperature and traditional heating systems. The low-temperature can be attributed to the system, let's say warm floors. Condensation devices are very well integrated into the data of the heating system and show high efficiency results in such systems. All this is because in these heating systems are created very good conditionswhich contribute to the best condensation. If you correctly mount a tandem from a condensation boiler plus a warm floor, then in this case you can not use radiators at all. "Warm floor" will quite cope with the task of heating the premises, not worse than the system that uses radiators. All this thanks to the high efficiency of the condensation boiler.
It often makes it possible that condensing gas boilers have an incredible efficiency, which even takes 100%. Of course it is not. All the well-known laws of physics work everywhere and no one has canceled them yet. Therefore, such applications from manufacturers no more than marketing.
If, with all the objectivity, approach the issue of evaluating the efficiency of the condensation gas boiler, then we will get about 95% of the efficiency somewhere. This indicator largely depends on the conditions of application of this equipment. Efficiency can also be enhanced by using the "weather-dependent" automation. With this equipment, the differentiated boiler control can be achieved, based on the daily temperature.
Removing the exhaust gases and air supply to the combustion chamber in the condensation boiler is forced, since the boilers of this type have a closed combustion chamber. Condensing is quite safe, because for their use does not need a traditional chimney. Boilers of this type use a coaxial or two-pipe smoke-making system. These systems are made of plastic, as the condensing has a negligible temperature of combustion products. The use of cheap materials in the manufacture of smoke removal systems can significantly reduce the cost of the boiler.
Like traditional gas boilers, condensing are several types:
If there is a need to increase power, then several heating boilers can be combined into a single heating cluster. Condensation gas aggregates have a different purpose, and therefore they are two-circuit or single-circuit. Dual-circuit condensation boilers besides heating are also prepared hot waterWhile one-connecting condensingists are only engaged in the heating of premises.
The boilers of this type have very high indicators that fully comply with all the most serious requirements that are presented by the relevant authorities to heating boilers. Condensation boilers are very popular in resort areas, in rest homes and other tourist destinations. It's all about efficiency and in environmental friendliness.
The condensation gas boiler has much less harmful emissions, almost 10 times less than a conventional gas boiler.
Summing up all the pros and cons can with confidence that condensation gas boilers are right choice Thoughtful and indigestly masters who care about the comfort of their dwelling, and which are very appreciated efficiency and efficiency. Before choosing a condensation boiler - consult with professionals that will help you not only with choosing the right boiler for your needs, but also with proper installation and the design of all necessary documents.
eurosantehnik.ru.
Many would like to receive additional energy for heating and save decent money. It turns out that the reserve is available in the spent gases, which in the usual boiler are removed into the chimney. Consider where the energy of which was not before, in the condensation boiler takes the wonderful way.
Gases that are allocated during fuel combustion, or it is easier to say smoke, contain about 20 percent of water vapor. When water vapor is condensed back into the water, it will allocate a certain amount of energy - the heat dissipation of the phase transition.
A bottle, removed from the refrigerator, condenses water on its surface - the droplets appear, while it is accelerated, because water steam during the transition to water droplets highlights heat.
The amount of energy that water steam can be distinguished when moving to water is very significant.
The operation of the condensation boiler is based on the technology of obtaining additional energy from the condensation of water vapor in the gases obtained during fuel combustion.
In the usual boiler, after burning fuel, the spent gases with a temperature is higher than the dew point are outlined through the chimney. In the chimney or on the street they "catch" the dew point, as a result, fog is formed, a liquid drip out of the pipe, flows down the tilt ...
In the condensation boiler, the gases also fall on the second cold heat exchanger, on which water vapor is converted into water.
The temperature of the second heat exchanger will be determined by the temperature of the coolant in the system. An ordinary boiler works more often with the following fluid temperature: feed - 80 degrees C, reverse - 60 hail S.
And if you use this mode: the feed is 50 degrees, the return is 30 degrees C, then the condensation of water vapors will begin at such a cold heat exchanger, and it will be the more fully lower than its temperature.
Energy that is allocated when steaming to water is called hidden. It was not taken into account earlier in the calculations of the efficiency (the ratio of the amount of heat, which will be transferred to the coolant when burning gas in the boiler to the heat of the combustion of fuel) of the equipment in which the burning process occurs.
Therefore, if you make the calculation of the efficiency according to the old method, it will turn out 109% for the condensation boiler. And this is not an advertising trick, such numbers give the most authoritative electrical companies with their condensate boilers.
Naturally, such a high efficiency will be achieved only with low-temperature mode of operation of this equipment, and hence the entire heating system.
It is also important that condensation boilers compared to conventional, more eco-friendly, less pollute the environment. Nitrogen oxides that are formed during the combustion process are largely associated with drop-down dewy and together with condensate go into sewage.
The drop-down dew is rather aggressive in relation to the metal. Therefore, the secondary heat exchanger in condensation boilers is performed from the corrosion-free steel or silumin alloys.
The most in demand for private houses and apartments single-mounted gas condensation boilers, which are hung on the wall.
But it is not problematic to find and double-circuit boilers, and outdoor powerful aggregates with a primary cast-iron combustion chamber, as well as outdoor, combined with boilers in one case.
In condensation boilers, recent technical innovations apply. We produce their most famous manufacturers.
Now in a number of countries, laws aimed at energy saving and the protection of nature are adopted, according to which it is forbidden to use heat generating equipment without recycling heat metering, - in addition to condensation boilers, others cannot be.
Now it is customary in England, Holland, but the introduction of these laws is prepared in Germany, France, Spain and other countries. For example, in Holland, the number of condensation boilers used in private houses is approaching 100%. In Germany, this figure reaches about 70%.
In Russia, there is a steady tendency to gradually displacing conventional boilers condensation.
There are whole range of such equipment from a variety of best brands, for example: Buderus, Germany - a series called Logamax; Ariston, Italy - Genus Premium series; De Dietrich, France - Vivadens series, and many others.
Many of them are adapted to the Russian conditions and are equipped with Russian-speaking instructions.
For the efficient operation of the condensation boiler, the temperature of the coolant in the return temperature should be such that on the surface of the secondary heat exchanger would not be more than 56 degrees - the dew point for water in these conditions. Best application - Warm floor system. She has the following main differences:
For this boiler, a special heating system is needed, designed for sufficient power return at low heat carrier temperature. And this means that the power of ordinary high-temperature radiators should be selected by 30 - 40 percent more.
Practice shows that with usual heating systemThe condensation boiler works during the heating season mainly in condensation mode, subject to optimal insulation of the house.
And only in some weeks peak frosts have to heal above the dew point to support the comfortable 22 degrees in the house. The building must be normally thermally insulated, and other measures should be taken on heat saving, which can be found on other pages.
For warm water floors, the temperature of the coolant must not be too high. But the circulation should be ensured constantly. Heated floor can not warm up a disposable fluid carriage. Normal hydraulics with a mixing assembly will select the energy in the hot heat carrier from the heating system little by little.
Therefore, the heated floor boiler should work constantly, measured, and it is desirable that it gives out a stable temperature of the coolant. It is even better if this heat generator will constantly give 35 to 50 degrees.
Obviously, some types of boilers are not very well combined with the system of heated floors. What are these models, can it be improved?
An ordinary solid fuel boiler produces an unstable temperature, running cycles. During the period of maximum burning, it is possible that the temperature of the coolant will rise to 90 degrees.
When attenuation, it quickly drops to 40 degrees. For such a cycle of the rod of the three-way valve and the thermal head of the mixing node, they will be in two extreme positions, and flaws are possible in adjustment.
For 3 -5 hours, when the temperature was above 40 degrees, a heavy screed simply would not have time to warm up and will be warm up in the next firebox cycles. Therefore, the real heat transfer from the warm sex most likely will be lower than planned.
Then the powerful boiler can be dried once a day, which will significantly increase the comfort of stay. And the warm floor will work stably and correctly, without equipment overloads.
There are automated pellet aggregates, but they are the roads themselves and fuel for them more expensive than ordinary coal and firewood. But with them it is possible to apply a warm floor without problems ...
So-called Pyrolysis boilers are very suspicious, eminent producers do not relate to reliable and useful equipment, and do not produce.
The technical concept of "boiler for a warm floor" does not exist. Hurry this system can any heat generator.
However, the heated floor will work better with automated system Heating, which, as a rule, is formed on the basis of heat generators - wall-mounted gas and electric.
Where there is a trunk gas, naturally, nothing else will be drunk, and the choice lays down on wall gas automated boilers suitable for "ordinary" squares of apartments and houses, or floor boilers for large buildings.
But more comfortably better electric boilers are even better, - no less, there are no emissions, there are no difficulties in maintenance.
True electricity is the most expensive type of energy. But only day. If there is an opportunity to issue a night rate, then you need to use it. And apply heat generator, again, with a buffer capacity, charge the night. Moreover, night electricity is perhaps the leader in the ratio of comfort and prices, if there is no gas, of course.
Automated gas and electric boilers are distinguished by stable operation - just needed for water heated floor.
Condensation boilers appeared relatively recently, and immediately began massively apply, especially in Europe. The reason is increased energy savings. Their destination is working with a warm floor, since at the exit they give a temperature - 40 -50 degrees.
Structural circuit on the inclusion of a warm floor without a mixing node.
We have the spread of condensation boilers, in which the efficiency is more than 100%, holds back their big cost and low energy price.
Moreover, "efficiency is more than 100%" - not a search, but a technical fact, since the heat of the combustion is considered by the usual technique, without taking into account the energy of the enclosed in a water pair, which is formed during combustion.
And if this couple goes back to the water, which happens at +55 degrees, then the energy is still standing out. In total, gives more energy than it is released during the usual combustion of fuel, as was customary to be considered.
Here mixing knot Not needed, only overheating protection. But the area of \u200b\u200bradiators, to obtain a normal impact of heat, it is necessary to increase almost 2 times, at least 1.5 times, since instead of the usual 70 degrees, now we will get 45 degrees.
Experts argue that it will give 10% of energy savings when working on radiators and up to 20% - 25% when working on warm floors, depending on the height of the ceiling and insulation. (... compared with a conventional gas boiler (efficiency97%) \u200b\u200band with a conventional radiator network.)
And these are very significant numbers. Nevertheless, our low cost of gas makes them not significant. In Europe, at the regulatory level, only condensation boilers are already required ....
When creating heating in a private house, all experts recommend using progressive and comfortable heating schemes - apply a warm floor as the main system and radiator as an additional. As well as apply a condensation boiler if possible, or other equipment for affordable energy ....
Heating system In a private house, this is perhaps the most optimal option, which is becoming increasingly relevant for a Russian person every year. The user, choosing this method of heating, becomes independent of the central heating and decides himself when he start using warmth in his own home.
All boilers are divided into some criteria. Below are the main categories of separation.
Different with economy and energy efficiency. The cost of using gas in this design of the unit is small compared to other sources of energy, and the efficiency is high.
In use, these boilers are much easier than gas. However, the cost of the design itself is higher. The heating of the water flow occurs at the expense of the Tan, the electrodes or induction elements. Of the disadvantages of using this type of equipment, it is worth highlighting the following positions:
The work of this type of boilers is ensured by solid fuel. Firewood, pallets, coal and other burning materials can be played as it. However, some disadvantages of such a category of equipment make it a less attractive heat source than a gas option:
The work of such an aggregate is carried out at the expense of diesel fuel. Autonomy independent work - Until a few months. There are also cons of the use of such an aggregate:
Survived version of boiler equipment for a private house where the fuel supply is observed. This type of boilers has two fireboxes, allowing you to use one of the types of fuel, or one universal firebox, with which you can use various types of heating resources. The main minus of such an installation is its high cost.
Allocate:
Allocate:
Allocate:
Such a boiler can be used in apartments without selection of a separate room.
Boilers with a closed combustion chamber are divided into two classes:
Allocate:
Allocate:
Also boilers are non-volatile. Separately, we note this type of boilers. Meet only gas fuel. They differ in the absence of dependence on electricity. Instead, in such boilers, a mechanic is used that responds to changing the temperature parameters of the coolant.
Gas equipment is both a source of hot water, and a cooled coolant receiver. Heated water flow, coming out of gas equipment, circulates on a warm floor system. Its temperature gradually decreases, giving thermal energy pipes.
After the path traveled, the water returns. Its part of it is heated, the other is mixed with a new hot flow to obtain a consistency with the specified temperature parameters.
Below are some software safety requirements. gas device in the House:
To install a mounted gas device, it is necessary to provide a fire based on which it will be installed.
Before performing the strapping of the warm floor and gas equipment, it is necessary to lead the collector and the heat-mall system itself. Warm water floor can be connected to a column or other type of gas equipment in the following ways.
The basis of this method is the strapping of the boiler, distributors and pipes. The location of the collector cabinet must be comfortable: here you need to bring the return and feed. But first it is necessary to install the shut-off reinforcement on collectors. It may have a thermometer in its composition to visualize the temperature regime.
Often it is necessary to turn off one contour for repair or preventive work without stopping the system. Therefore, it is highly recommended when choosing ready solution Base on the practicality of the purchased product.
For example, when buying a finished collector cabinet, it is better to give preference to brand brands, which already have the necessary cranes at all cabinet outputs.
Pipelines, cranes and collector systems are joined to each other using fittings, and collectors and the floor pipeline through special connectors, in the design of which there are clips, sleeves and nuts. If the diameters of the holes are not suitable for each other, the adapters are used. In this example, it is necessary to connect the return and feeding with pipelines and valves, and collectors with warm floor pipes. This is one of the most simple ways Waste floors.
In practice, the replacement of shut-off valves at the entrance and output to thermostatic adjustable cranes is often found. With the help of them, you can adjust the bandwidth thanks to the thermobalons installed in them. The three-way valve is responsible for mixing the return and feed, which is necessary to reduce the temperature of the water circulating warm floorwhich can be laid on wooden beams.
The mixing pump will help organize the water flow fence with the minimum temperature, after which it will add it to the feed. To do this, the pump must be installed between the pipeline and the feed collector, and the third output is to connect with the return to the return pipe.
IN this variant Attaching the boiler and circulation systems instead of a mixing pump, a three-way mixing valve is used. To use this scheme the circulation of water flow must be good.
Installing this item should be performed at the output of the return from the collector. The pipes from the boiler unit are joined by collectors on the one hand, and on the other - the splitter for each of the collectors. The air vent is connected to the splitter device, and the drain crane is placed below.
Mainly used to connect to central heating. Installation occurs on the return, so that there are more heat in the radiators. However, to reduce heat flux Often, installing such a pump is made on the feed.
The heating gas boiler is a device, with the combustion of fuel (natural or liquefied gas) heating the heat carrier.
Gas boiler device (design): Burner, heat exchanger, heat insulated housing, hydraulic unit, and safety and control devices. Such gas boilers require the connection of the chimney to remove the combustion products. Chimney can be both ordinary vertical and coaxial ("pipe in a pipe") for boilers with a closed combustion chamber. Many modern boilers are equipped with built-in pumps for forced water circulation.
Principle of operation of the gas boiler - The coolant, passing through the heat exchanger, heats up and further circulates on the heating system, giving the resulting heat energy through radiators, warm floor, heated towel rails, and also providing water heating in a boiler indirect heating (If it is connected to a gas boiler).
Heat exchanger - metal containerin which the heat carrier (water or antifreeze) is heated - can be made of steel, cast iron, copper, etc. The reliability and durability of the gas boiler depends on the quality of the heat exchanger in the first place. Cast iron heat exchangers Corrosion resistant and have a long service life, but are sensitive to the sharp change in temperature and differ significant weight. Steel tanks may suffer from rust, therefore their inner surfaces are protected by various anti-corrosion coatings, providing the extension of the "life" of the device. Steel heat exchangers are the most common in the production of boilers. Copper heat exchangers corrosion is not scary and due to the high heat transfer ratio, low weight and dimensions such heat exchangers are often used in wall-mounted boilersBut from the minuses should be noted that they are more expensive than steel.
In addition to the heat exchanger, an important part of gas boilers is a burner that can be different species: atmospheric or fan, single-stage or two-stage, with smooth modulation, double.
To control the gas boiler, automatics with various settings and functions are used (for example, a weather-dependent control system), as well as devices for programming work and remote boiler control.
Basic technical characteristics Gas heating boilers are: power, number of heating contours, fuel type., Type of combustion chamber, Type of burner, Mounting method, Pump and expansion tank, Boiler control automation.
To determine necessary power Gas heating boiler for private country house Or apartments used simple formula - 1 kW of boiler power for heating 10 m 2 well insulated room with ceiling heights up to 3 m. If the heating of the basement is required, glazed winter Garden, premises with non-standard ceilings, etc. The power of the gas boiler should be increased. It is also necessary to increase the power (about 20-50%) when providing a gas boiler and hot water supply (especially if water is needed in the pool).
Feature of calculating power in gas boilers: the nominal gas pressure in which the boiler works 100% declared power producer, for most boilers is from 13 to 20 mbar, and the actual pressure in gas networks in Russia may be 10 mbar, and sometimes below . Accordingly, the gas boiler often works only on 2/3 of its capabilities and it must be taken into account when calculating. In more detail with the table of calculating the power of the boiler heating can be
Most gas boilers can translate from work from natural gas to liquefied gas (Balloon propane). Many models switch to the liquefied gas in the factory method (when buying, specifying these characteristics of the model), or nozzles (jets) are additionally supplied to the gas boiler to switch to balloon gas.
Pros and cons of gas boilers:
Bottling - These are devices for the full operation of the heating and water supply system. It includes: pumps, expansion tanks, filters (if necessary), collectors, reverse and safety valves, air valves, valves, etc. It will also be needed to purchase radiators, connecting pipes and valves, thermostators, boiler, etc. The question of choosing a boiler is quite serious, so the selection of equipment and its complete complete set It is better to entrust professionals.
What boiler is the best? On the russian market Gas boiler equipment has its own leaders in quality and reliability. Best manufacturers firms And the brands of gas boilers are presented in assortment:
"Premium class" or "luxury" - The most reliable and durable, comfortable in management, the kit is collected as a "designer", more expensive than the rest. These manufacturers include German companies
