In the conditions of a harsh Russian climate, you want to keep the summer as long as possible and not to give the will of winter, protecting it into my house. From the middle of the fall, nature begins to fade, with the onset of the first frost, it freezes in a deep dream until spring awakening. Depressing Picture: Snow Snowbrobes, "Fortune" of dirt, black trees with bare branches. Such a landscape really configures on depression and causes a decline. But who said that winter is sure to let in his house? It is easy to stop, retaining a piece of greenery, flowering and life. Summer is simply "canning" in a separate room where numerous plants are grown. This is not an ordinary corner of a living flora, and not a group of colors in pots, but a real winter Garden, with its atmosphere and special microclimate. Its appearance and development is closely related to the emergence of primitive heating, irrigation systems and methods of isolating individual premises, for the sake of heat conservation. In the closed structures, the clock is maintained a strictly defined temperature, in expensive versions use special technique, which mimics various natural phenomena (rain, wind). The design of the winter greenhouse, in fact, is a mixing of interior designs and landscape on the summer area. On how to equip a beautiful, impressive winter garden, in which there is a place for both exotic, and for ordinary "summer" plants, and let's talk on.
Winter garden is a challenging, engineering system. The first mention of growing plants in houses is found in written sources of ancient Egypt. These documents are more than 4,000 years. The Egyptians have just begun to apply the practice of planting plants and trees to the pot from the ground and a vase from stone. Pictures with similar décor are found on the walls of tombs and temples, where the scenes from the daily life of the Egyptians were depicted. The way I liked the Romans, which went much further. They began to use specially reserved places for pots - window sills. And then the first perresties appeared - the "internal" courtyards, which were struck from all sides by the colonnade. They broke down the gardens, additionally decorated with fountains and a large sculpture depicting deities and heroes of the epic. Although they were located in the open air, the insolation of plantings was the first prerequisite for creating winter structures. Since modern polycarbonate in those times, of course, did not exist, the primitive greenans were covered with a layer of mica, which had relative transparency, which allowed the surface to skip the scattered sunshine. The Mediterranean climate was ideal for such experiments. In the old world, the first has tried the methodology for the preservation of summer plants in the Palace in the winter King of Holland - Wilhelm. His servants were so qualitatively insulated the premises that the delicate representatives of the flora did not even be afraid of severe frosts. Guests who arrived on the holiday were amazed seen.
At the same time, active trade in exotic plants begins and open a new way of transportation - in Ward boxes that have become a prototype of modern flurariums. For popular in Europe, orange trees design "orange houses" - a variety of greenhouses. For other citrus, dietary trees and thermal-loving palm trees, special greenhouses create special greenhouses. But no wednes and their retinue liked not only occasionally visit their "green corners", but also to spend holidays in them, so the greenhouse methods of planting plants in the partially isolated soil replaced on the "room", that is, in the pot and risks. This made it possible to free more space, and the winter gardens themselves were transferred to the spacious pavilions of the palaces. That's how they appeared in the form, which is familiar to each of us. To create a full-fledged winter garden, designers, architects and professional gardeners were attracted. Until now, Versailles remained one of the most beautiful global greenhouses, which was built during Louis XIV. The king fell weakness to citrus most Garden occupy oranges. The greenhouse still functions, although it has survived the restoration and redevelopment, which changed its authentic look. For a long time, the winter garden was considered the lot of private possessions and only by the end of the XIX century they began to be placed in fashionable apartments. The first in Russia, the idea of \u200b\u200bplanting plants in closed premises was taken by the weapons of church. The monks thus roasted vegetables and fruits yearly.
In the context of the Russian climate of another reliable option, except for the winter garden, it simply does not exist to preserve exotic, thermo-loving plants. Orange, pomegranate trees, lemons and mango sometimes planted in open ground, but surround sturdy construction With thermal insulation for wintering, which is associated with annual troubles on the eve of winter.
To create a winter garden at home, it is necessary to take into account several rules, the non-compliance of which will make the entire campaign failing:
In addition, it will have to carry out all the procedures familiar to the gardens and gardeners: to shry and replace the soil once a couple of years, to cut a haircut, removal of patients or weak sprigs, fertilize and process plants from diseases, pests, disassemble too bustling bushes or transfer them to more spacious Pigs, where the entire root system will fit. Depending on the functional purpose, winter gardens are classified into three types:
Depending on the location of the Winter Garden regarding the main building (country house, cottage, cottage) they are divided into three groups:
Depending on the location relative to the parties of the world, winter gardens are classified for four types:
The designs of winter gardens differ in the form of the structures themselves, the types of roofs (single-sided, duplex, four-five-beam, with a break, dome) and according to the execution materials. If the two first characteristics are completely dependent on style landscape design The site and design of the exterior of the house, to which they fit, in the latter case the value plays strength and functionality. For the construction of winter gardens use:
Also, structures differ in the types of doors and windows with which they are equipped.
Proper lighting is a guarantee of good well-being of the "inhabitants" of the Winter Garden. It would seem that it would be easier to set a pair of lamps and point decorative lamps to pour plants with light. But in fact, everything is not so easy. Some plants love the shadow (for example, tropical), and the abundance of light is necessary for comfort. The power of the lamps and the intensity of lighting should be seamless in accordance with the rules of cultivation of certain species. This is especially important in the context of our climate, since in the winter the sun looks rarely, and therefore it will have to compensate for the lack of attention. In principle, the winter garden can be equipped with even conventional incandescent lamps, but they are more suitable for premises where people live, not plants. Their light spectrum is devoid of blue and red rays that are necessary for full growth of the flora. In addition, they have high heat transfer, which can smear the leaves of plants and provoke their wilt. Experts recommend choosing fluorescent lamps. They give a powerful flow of light, have low heat transfer and excellent energy-saving characteristics.
In addition to central or autonomous heatingplaced around the perimeter of the room, it is necessary to install special infrared heaters. They are panels that are fixed on the walls or ceiling. This spare option is useful during particularly severe winters when the main system may not cope with the task. Such reinsurance is necessary in winter gardens, the design of which consists of glass by more than 50%. Another option of additional heating is a modern "warm" floor whose temperature can be adjusted. With him will be comfortable not only by plants, but also to people strolling along the greenhouse in household slippers. The ventilation system may be artificial or natural. One way or another, and fresh air plants are vital. If unpretentious species are growing in the garden, which calmly carry medium temperatures, natural ventilation is suitable. Artificial or mechanical option is used for capricious plants that are sharply reacting to any changes in the environment. Such ventilation allows you to control and adjust the circulation of air flow.
Winter garden, like the house, has its own stylistic solutions. It is mainly used by ethnic directions, as practice to decorate these premises in each country went on its development path. A group of European styles are considered popular, which includes Dutch, French, English and Mediterranean. In these countries, the winter garden has become an integral part of country possessions. For lovers of exotic flora, African, Moorish or Mexican pavilion will be suitable.
In the classic winter garden there is a place for each family member. The floor is seeded with a stone, and the walls are plastered. Window Rama. Color in white. Decorating the room with wood panels. To preserve the spirit of conservatism, the furniture is chosen by a soft sofa with an upholstery of a coffee color, a couple of chairs in front of him, big round table For lunch, covered with tablecloth. Relevant will be the placement of antique cabinet for dishes. From plants, palm trees, ferns, cleatis and liana are chosen. A fireplace will be a stylish element in the decoration of the winter garden.
The British fell in love with winter gardens so much that most of his free time is still spent here. In the greenhouse rest, drink tea, take guests and even arrange modest family holidays. English style It is divided into several directions that correspond to a certain era in the life of the country:
In the English winter gardens, the windows decorated with stained glass glasses, and the floors are covered with large, soft carpets. Furniture choose ancient, preferably antiques. You can also use braided chairs and sofas. The coffee table is covered with a floral ornament tablecloth.
In french style Starring and ordering are observed. Shrubs in the winter garden are always neatly trimmed. Furniture use soft and bulk, as in a full-fledged living room. IN color palette Pink, blue, white and golden prevail. The interior of the Winter Garden is ideal for personal meetings and a relaxing holiday alone. Its furnishings are luxurious. In the live "filling" prevail flowers and exotic fruits, medicinal plants, Vegetables and spicy herbs. Pogs and the pots with them put on special elevations so that the greens look at well from anywhere in the winter garden. Furniture choose massive with expensive upholstery. The decor uses mirrors in gilded vases, stucco, skillfully performed porcelain vases, sculpture and flooring with a floral pattern.
Mediterranean style is distinguished by laconicism. Separate winter garden ceramic tilesAnd the walls are painted in such colors so that the impression of the "burnt" under the scoring surface of the surface is created. The design, as a rule, has a rectangular shape and adjoins the house. In this part of Europe, a warm climate was established, which in the summer does not spare anyone, so the room is used as a saving oasis from the heat. Fruit trees and spicy herbs prevail in plantations. Decorating the room by sculptures, fountains and romantic pergolas, saw fusing roses. Furniture use simple and laconic with forging elements.
Create a Japanese winter garden, having deep knowledge in Eastern philosophy, quite difficult. A crucial role in its design will play the correct construction of the composition. The Japanese with the help of a complex scheme detect "energy" points, that is, the accent zones, which four are found in traditional versions. Winter garden becomes a place where three elements are faced: air, earth and water. Artificial reservoirs, mountaineering, compositions of dwarf trees, moss and stone lights of Toro are necessarily present. Resting on wide benches. The Japanese Winter Garden is the best place to hold tea ceremonies and quiet rest alone.
Juicy greens and pleasant summer fragrances can be extended for the whole year. To do this, invented winter gardens. Just imagine how nice will be in the winter to go into the most real garden under the roof and move into a warm summer, breathe with full of breasts the smell of greenery and colors, sit, relaxing, a couple of hours and perfectly relax. Such a pleasure is worthy of freeze a little and organize a winter garden in a private house. On the way to its own oasis, you will have to solve a mass of the issue, starting from the choice of place and ending with the selection of plants. We will deal with the main aspects.
The first winter gardens appeared in ancient Egypt. Then the stone vases with plants put in the palaces of rich. Confirmed the facts of using winter gardens in ancient Rome. Then the greens were put on the windowsill, and the richest allocated for the garden a separate room in the house, decorating it with columns. Later the idea room garden She conquered Holland, France, England, and then - and the whole world. Today, winter gardens are at the peak of popularity. Of course, you can try and build a small similarity and in a regular apartment, but much more lucky owner - you can turn around in them and implement almost any idea.
Depending on the location, functionality and role winter gardens can be such species:
As a rule, the winter garden is organized in an extension to the house, and in this case it is very important from which side this extension will be located:
Very often, under the winter garden, it is construed, equipping them with the necessary engineering systems.
Much less often winter garden placed on the roof. This is technically more complex solution, you must calculate the load on bearing structures, properly organize the roof, the supply of all communications. But in return, you will get a house that is profitable from the rest. There will be no problems with searching for the side of the world, and household will be able to admire not only by plants, but also a starry sky. 
Winter Garden can be implemented in the form of a separate structureBut this option is rare. Usually he is adjacent to the houseand in this case the design may have different shape:
To provide plants to enter a sufficient amount of sunlight and heat, it is necessary to make the design of the winter garden as available for light. And the walls and the roof is better to perform from transparent materials. The most popular belongs:
So that the winter garden does not ask, it is better to take care of the construction. This is quite a time-consuming and costly part of the entire project - the creation of the foundation goes near the fifth of the budget. Suitable shallow ribbon foundation. You can use ready-made reinforced or reinforced concrete blocks with a thickness of 20 cm. Depth depends on the type of soil, climate and relief. Instead of ready-made blocks, you can use, but you will have to work well with the formwork and frame of fittings. 
The floor is performed from the concrete, then it can be implanted, or. The board is also used, but less often.
To improve the framework, you can use ready-made structures, such as aluminum or steel profile, wood. You can go more complicated and build a frame yourself. There is a way, as well as all the same wood, aluminum and steel. After mounting the frame, it is processed to glazing the selected material.
Having placed on the roof, do not forget to provide the scat, so that winter snow does not delay on the roof, did not increase the load and did not cover the sunlight. 
Clean the right place and glazing material is only half of the case. Of course, plants will receive a large amount of heat from the Sun, but in winter it may not be enough, therefore, at the design stage, the most optimal heating system is selected. The choice depends on the area, such as grown plants And even from the regularity of the garden visit. If frost-resistant plants are planted, and in the garden you are not every day, it will work out. If the garden is part of a permanent home, then it is necessary to think over more serious.
Choose today there is from what:
Multiple systems can be combined. 
Plants need the influx of fresh air - this is the key to their normal vital activity. It is necessary to envisage the path of air from the street into the garden, as well as the removal of air from the garden. Options here are only two:
Winter garden in a private house needs, because in winter, sunlight may be not enough for normal growth and development of greenery. We will have to take care of and explore the spectrum of light of different types of lamps to choose the appropriate. To ensure photosynthesis, it is necessary that the lamp gives the rays in the range of 400-500 nm (blue spectrum), 500-600 nm (green, for the low-pass photosynthesis), 600-700 nm (red). Light 1200-1600 nm accelerates many biochemical reactions. 
Do not forget that in the summer of light can be too much, especially if the garden comes to the south, so it is necessary to provide options for protection against excess solar radiation. This includes the following events:
If you are equipping a very and very compact garden, then you can not even think about special. It will be enough of conventional slabs and good memory to pour water on time.
For a more or less dimensional garden, manual watering will become a cortic, will take too much time and effort, so you have to think about automation. Habitual for greenhouses, rain and aerosol types of watering are not appropriate. 
The best option for the Winter Garden is. From the source of water over the system of perforated hoses and tapes, water enters the root system of plants. No puddle will not. If you connect the system of sensors measuring the level of humidity, the water will be supplied only when it is really necessary, and this ensures optimal soil moisture.
Some types of plants are some part of moisture dropped from the air. For such a greenery, you must additionally moisturize air. You can use foggy installations, air humidifiers or fountains, which will also perform decorative function.
Do not forget that it is necessary to equip drainage to remove excess moisture.
When choosing plants for a winter garden in a private house, it is necessary to rely only on your own taste. But when combining different species, it is already necessary to think about how to combine them competently. All varieties of lighting, temperature and humidity have different, and create several microson in the same garden with fundamentally different conditions is almost impossible. Therefore, it is better to choose a plant that require approximately the same conditions, and then combine them among themselves. 
When choosing, consider the side of the light on which the winter garden comes. If it is south, then preference is given to thermal-loving varieties.
Plants under growth conditions can be divided into several types:
Work on creating a winter garden is preferably starting with design. Special applications create a sketch at which the size of the design, windows, hatches and fraamuga are noted. Then the project is being prepared, when it is created, the lighting, ventilation, heating, watering, materials used, the case of adjoining the house are thought out. The design stage involves creating drawings with all parts. Only with a serious thoughtful approach will be able to build a durable and reliable winter garden. 
Already after the technical side of the question is thought out, it is possible to move to a pleasant and planning the internal arrangement of the winter garden in the house. Better to envisage several functional zones:
Clearly follow some particular within a small winter garden is difficult, but general features can be used:
Do not forget to find out in advance what kind of soil will need selected plants, what fertilizers will need to buy, how many tools will go to ensure all engineering systems. Also do not forget to think about the location of the sockets.
Ecology of consumption. Hereby: Winter Garden is an excellent opportunity to gain a place to relax, which will delight the violet of paints round year. It is erroneously the opinion that such a decision is under the power of only the owners of large mansions, if you wish in a kindergarten, you can only turn the loggia of a multi-storey building. All the intricacies of winter gardens are told on.
Winter garden is an excellent opportunity to gain a place to relax, which will delight the rich of the paints all year round. It is erroneously the opinion that such a decision is under the power of only the owners of large mansions, if you wish in a kindergarten, you can only turn the loggia of a multi-storey building. All the intricacies of winter gardens are told on.
Before we tell you how to build a winter garden, let's see what it can be.
It is from the choice of this or that type will depend on the design.
Subtropic Winter Garden
Want to surprise guests with a coffee or banana tree? Provide green inhabitants at least 18 ° C.
Humidity and high temperature - basic requirements for tropical winter gardens
Aluminum Winter Garden - a fairly lightweight design that does not require a separate foundation and attached to existing reinforced reinforced concrete slabs. If the plate thickness is less than 20 cm, it will be necessary to enhance the foundation by means of piles, which are driven to a depth of at least 1.5-2 m.
Construction of the Winter Garden - Stage Construction of the Foundation
However, most often the winter garden from the aluminum profile is installed on the base, towering over the soil. The latter gives you the opportunity without unnecessary concerns to mount the windowsills, radiators, and snow days will not spoil the appearance, from the outside to keep the transparent walls of your oasis.
Tip!
No matter what type of foundation is chosen, it is necessary for heat and waterproofing.
The preserved heat will help the 10-centimeter sheet foam, and the waterproofing is provided by a rubberoid or film.
The carrier profile can be aluminum, metal-plastic or wooden
The carrying profile can be fairly called the most important element of the winter garden.
Tip!
If your winter garden has impressive sizes, aluminum can be replaced with steel.
However, consider that with direct contact, the likelihood of corrosion is large, so the fasteners used should be galvanized or plastic.
Tip!
From metal-plastic profiles it is not recommended to mount inclined structures, over time they savage and begin to leak.
Support beams to which will be attached slinge systemMounted on top of the facade garden. Roof details are fixed using clamping beams with seals. Specialists are not recommended to take a step less than 55 and more than 75 cm.
Wooden profile, despite all its environmental friendliness and attractiveness, will upset you in short
The slopes of the roof choose by you personally and may vary in the redesters of 7-45 °. If you plan to use all the advantages of natural lighting, the roof slope must be within 30 °.
The arrangement of the roof can be done with the help of skates, half-city or endand. Factory ready-made systems won before the front of its ability to fasten the gutter for water drain to the support beams.
Installation of winter gardens to the wall of the house is performed with the help of self-tapping and starting profiles, strengthen with silicone sealants. Special attention requires nodes between the wall and starting rafters.
It is possible to carry out sealing, with your own hands, for this, a layer of the insulator is applied to the stroke in the wall. Corrugated lead, copper or aluminum tape is set in a barbell one end, while others cover profile.
Tip!
It is extremely undesirable that the roof of the house hung over the design of the winter garden, if this was not possible to avoid, take care of the installation of the snowstand system.
This will help to avoid the formation of additional load during the snowfall.
To the issue of glazing it is worth coming only after the completed frame mounting. Most often, for this purpose, single and two-chamber double-glazed windows are used, the first are suitable for the roof, the second - for the walls.
For glazing the roof, experts recommend using a building triplex or polycarbonate, which differ in strength and security in case of damage.
Mesh polycarbonate is able to take various curved forms, which is undoubtedly its advantage (the price is from 120 rubles. M²)
Winter garden from polycarbonate with their own hands decide to do in 30% of cases. Such popularity of cellular polycarbonate lies in its low cost, the ability to isolate heat and protection against UV rays.
Sheets can be tinted, white, matte or bronze. It would seem that such a variety should be the advantage, but no, this is their lack that will not allow you to admire the living nature, being inside your garden, that is why polycarbonate while loses a fight with double-glazed windows.
Note!
The cellular polycarbonate when heated changes the volume, so it cannot be firmly fixed to the guides.
Regardless of the chosen design of the winter garden, the air and soil heating system will be required. Your choice is offered air, water and combined type.
The agronomists and gardeners are fans tirelessly repeat the most comfortable for plants is a water heating system. Its installation is carried out in several levels: under the roof of the garden, at the level of soil and the outer walls. Adjusting each level is performed separately.
Autonomous air heating is used extremely rarely and only if the plants can feel comfortable at temperatures below 20 ° C.
The soil heating is worth thinking if plants in the garden do not grow in garden Vases and pots, and in the ground. The temperature of the soil should not exceed 40 ° C, otherwise the probability of draining the root system and the death of the plant occurs. The earth is heated by a single heating tier, which goes no deeper than 40 cm.
Photo scheme arrangement of soil heating layers
If you live in a cold strip, a simple heating system may not be enough to help you will come outdoor radiators, electric heating of the floor and water bodies with hot water.
Automatic ventilation system device
The ventilation of the winter garden consists of an exhaust and channels of air inflows. The inflow is organized by simply opening the window of the front frame, and the installation of small hatches under the roof will be required for the exhaust, their adjustment can be mechanically or using electric drives.
The system of constant passive ventilation is also effective, which is the constantly blowing valves mounted at the floor level. Such a system allows you to update the air in the garden to four times an hour.
Output
Undoubtedly, the construction of the winter garden is a troublesome business that requires temporary and financial costsBut only imagine how the flowering fragrant plants will be pleased with the eye, and maybe even home-grown yellow-friendly lemons and bananas.published
When the snow is white outside or frowned gray sky, watering people with their rainy tears, the lack of something bright and summer is felt. For example, juicy green plants or pedestrous fragrant colors. It has long been known that the green "residents" of our dwellings perfectly cope with human candrea, and the air indoors are cleaned. Therefore, an excellent solution can be a winter garden. In a private house, it is much easier to equip it at the expense of great spatial opportunities. What is it worth starting, what materials, plants and style to choose - these and other important aspects you will learn from this article.
Winter garden in a private house - how to equip?
The first winter gardens were created by the ancient Egyptians: the richest and most significant of them were installed in their palaces large vases with greens. Over time, the Fashion on the maintenance of the "green oasis" in the residential premises appeared among the French and the British in the XIX century, and then spread throughout the world. To date, the winter garden in a private house is not uncommon. However, it is important to understand what exactly you are planning to create in your home: a greenhouse, a greenhouse or a real winter garden.
Table 1. The difference between the winter garden from the greenhouse and the greenhouse.
| Design name | Features |
|---|---|
 | It is located on the roof of the house or separately from it. Sometimes can adjoin housing. Create for breeding and cultivation of fruits, vegetables and colors both local and "overseas". For a greenhouse, it is important to create special conditions, ecosystems for comfortable growth of crops. |
 | Mini-greenhouse, located separately from the housing. Used for breeding fruits and vegetables or thermal-loving plants. In priority, the comfort of plants. Externally, the construction is not too attractive, deprived of jewelry, quite budget. |
 | Most often attached to housing, designed in advance. Inside contain and breed plants, but create it for people (rest, reception). Based on this, the design should have an attractive look and be functional inside. |
Before proceeding to creating a home oasis, you need to think about many nuances. To begin with, it is necessary to decide on the type of design. There are several of them.
It is important that the place to build is sunny. It is equipped with warm, light and water supply. The greenhouse winter garden can be connected to the house and other areas of the site with beautiful paths. The option is not the easiest and most expensive.
Important: Whatever type of construction, it should pass out enough daylight so that the flowers grow healthy.
If you are planning to arrange the design of the future winter garden in the home extension, it will be very important to determine from which side it is best to do: South, Northern, Eastern or Western. Each options have certain advantages and cons.
At the planning stage of the Winter Garden is very important to determine the form of this room optimally for you. A separate building may be any: sphere, semisfer, cylinder, cube. However, it is usually separately determined rarely, due to the high price and complexity of execution.
Most often, the winter garden is part of the residential premises, in this case, its shapes also differ. There may be several options:
Note: You can design the construction in the way you need it.
Winter garden inside should be comfortable not only for people, but also for plants. This causes the specifics of the choice of materials for walls and roofs: These design elements should provide your cultures to maximize light access. Based on this, most often when finishing walls and roofing coatings, glass, polycarbonate, double-glazed windows, sometimes plexiglass are used. Consider the advantages and disadvantages of each of the materials.
This type of trim is the most used. Such a popular glass is used due to a number of significant advantages:
These positive properties Do not exclude some flaws. Glass is fragile, quite expensive and difficult work material.
The most modern and technological solution, using popularity in the field of construction and finishing. He has many advantages:
Note:polycarbonate has an upper layer of protection that does not pass moisture. This makes it almost invulnerable before sediments.
Polycarbonate would be an ideal material if there were not some shortcomings:
To date, when creating winter gardens, it began to use double-glazed windows more often, despite their greater cost and heavy weight. Such popularity is associated with their high light light-pain ability (like glass) and excellent heat preservation. Also, if you allow the budget, you can stop your choice on energy-saving glass packages: they will help significantly save heat.
It is usually not used as an independent one. Suitable for lateral walls in combination with other materials. It has a significant minus - this is a big weight that makes you think about the more durable frame.
The very first stage of creating a winter garden is to fill the base of any durable structure, that is, the foundation.
Important: The premises of the winter garden need a foundation, since a huge load will create heavy pots with plants, and the construction without foundation is simply as follows.
The most convenient and common technology in the pouring is technology. belt Fundament. It is important to fulfill the main steps:
Attention:note that the fill and the drying of the foundation will take 17-20 days.
Based on preferences and budget, everyone decides what exactly to cover the floor in its winter garden.
Winter garden can look brittle due to its transparency and even some airiness. However, well, if such it only seems. To confront winds, snowfall and scorching sun, the design should be durable and reliable. It is also important to choose a good framework material. There are many options, consider their brief description.
Table 2. Types of frame materials.
| Title material | Characteristic |
|---|---|
 | The most popular version of the frame, has many advantages: - easy; - durable; - durable; - Not subject to rust. The main drawback of the profile of aluminum is high throughput (not holding heat), which means they will have to take care of thermal protection. |
 | Wood is often combined with brick, but the timber is not too popular material, because: - may rot; - changes the shape and size at temperature fluctuations; - moisture is afraid; - Dear and complicated. If you choose durable and high-quality wood, then the construction will be durable, but it costs it at times. |
 | The indisputable plus of the steel frame is its high strength and durability. But the disadvantages are also significant: - Very heavy weight; - high price; - prone corrosion. |
 | Good stuffIt is distinguished by such advantages as: - resistance to UV rays; - excellent thermal insulation; - High noise insulation. |
 | To create a frame base, bricks are used quite often. Pros: - strength; - moisture resistance; - lightness of laying; - Durability. However, the material is heavy and quite expensive. |
Next, everything will depend on the selected materials and the type of future design. For fasteners, you can use a welding machine (if the frame of steel), the screwdriver, drill, etc., is attached to attach parts can be nails, dowels, self-draws.
After making the frame starts the trim. The material from which the design of the structure will be made will determine the step between the frameworks of the frame.
Note: Do not forget about the junctions between the walls of the dwelling and home "oasis" - they need to be treated with insulating foam.
If we talk about the roof of the future winter garden, it is also important to choose the right material. From all listed the least suitable glass: it may not withstand the weight of snow dropped in winter. The best option is polycarbonate or double-glazed windows (2 or 3-chamber).
Attention: Do not choose double-glazed windows with glass thickness more than 5 mm, since such material is too heavy for the roof.
The scope roof will become an excellent solution so that the precipitates do not accumulate on the roof surface and did not interfere with the penetration of light.
Sunlight is a source of life and heat for plants. However, in the cold time for their existence and growth, as well as for the comfortable finding of people in the winter garden, it is necessary to establish the optimal system of heating. The choice will depend on the following factors:
Assortment of modern shops allows you to make right choice Of many existing options.
Table 3. Types of heating devices and systems.
| Name | Properties of devices |
|---|---|
| Electric heaters | - easy to install; - Mobile; - quickly heated air; - available; - high consumption of electricity; - dried air. |
| Split systems | - uniform and fast heating of the room; - the ability to adjust the temperature; - do not affect air humidity; - high price; - electricity costs; - Not suitable for the northern regions. |
| Water heating (from the house heating system) | - the stability of the temperature regime; - minimum costs; - the same microclimate; - Difficulties of installation (better to do this at the initial stage, when the house is still built). |
| Warm floor | - uniform heating; - convenience and comfort; - prevent the launch of the floor and walls; - high price; - complexity of repair; - Difficulty in the installation. |
| UFO | - evenly and quickly heated the room; - It is possible to adjust the temperature; - will not affect air humidity; - expensive; - Not suitable for large premises. |
| Heating from the furnace | - low cost; - uneven heat distribution; - Danger of fire (in the absence of a person indoors). |
Any room needs regular ventilation, and a winter garden - in constant ventilation, because the green "residents" of your cozy corner Fresh air is required. Get from the street inside (and on the contrary) he will be able to two ways.
The walls and roof of the winter garden are trimmed with a transparent material, which means there should be no problems with lighting. Nevertheless, often plants require additional light. There are a large number of artificial light sources: mercury, sodium, luminescent, LED, metal halide, phyto lamps and incandescent lamps. Of these, luminescent are most popular, as they protect the energy, highly illuminate and have low heat transfer.
Especially good and phyto lamps: they have a positive effect on photosynthesis. Minus such an option is its price.
Do not forget that the excess of light is also bad.
In the matter of selection of plants, you will have to rely not only on your own preferences and taste. It is very important that cultures are combined with each other, because they will be in the same room.
On zones and conditions of the plant are divided into:
Align the flowers from different climatic zones will hardly, so make sure that the requirements are approximately the same.
Is your garden small and compact? Then, in order to pour all the flowers, you will need an elementary watering can, a spray gun and the schedule of water application. But in the case of a more overall room, watering can become a problem and take away a lot of time and effort. Perfect solution - Drip System: The hoses are laid in advance will provide regular fluid flow into the substrate, and special sensors will be responsible for the humidity level.
At the end of construction and installation work, the need for planning internal arrangement premises. Here, such an effective technique as zoning comes to the rescue, i.e., dividing the space of a winter garden to the functional zones. These are allocated several.
In the design of the garden in any stylist, it is also worth repelled from your own tastes. Common features of one or another style will help create aesthetically attractive cozy corner.
In conclusion, we will give several tips that can be useful in planning and arrangement of home "oasis":
So, now you know about all the systems of the winter garden and its internal device, and therefore you can proceed directly to the construction process.
Step one. To begin with, determine which side of the house will be built. Preference is better to give western or eastern wall. Also, the winter garden can be located from the south, but in this case there is a serious ventilation system, in order to be in the summer, the optimum temperature was maintained inside.
Step two. The construction site is cleaned of plants, stones and garbage. After that, the base is poured - a ribbon small-breeding foundation.
Step Third. The base of the framework of the framework is mounted on the base, and it must be a waterproofing layer. The position of the lower strapping is controlled by roulette, stretched ropes and construction level.
Step fourth. Mounted horizontal / vertical elements of the future frame, which will serve as the walls of the garden. It is important that all connections are reliable.
Step Six. Sealing profiles are prepared from rubber, the glazing of the design begins. The elements of the plating are transferred using vacuum suckers - this is not only safe, but also convenient.
Step seventh. From the outside, the seals are closed by an aluminum profile necessary to protect against moisture and sunlight.
Step eighth. Mounted an abnormal profile. It is advisable to additionally equip to it and drainage.
Step ninth. When the construction of the garden is completed, water and electricity supply to it, watering and ventilation systems are equipped. Plant marking plants are performed, held interior decoration Winter garden.
On a note! As a result, you will get a comfortable and beautiful room where you can spend your free time surrounded by favorite plants throughout the year.
The arrangement of the winter garden is not the simplest task that requires marginal attention and taking into account various nuances. Competently planned and created homely "oasis" will be not only a favorite place of holiday destination, but also a great platform for meeting guests and friendly sites.
Winter gardens and terraces in a private house are able to increase residential space, turning into an ideal continuation of the living room, a cabinet or kitchen. The article tells about the varieties of winter gardens and their constructive features. You will learn which materials are most often selected for frame and glazing, get acquainted with the design features in different styles and design recommendations.
Winter garden as a dining room
Any owner of the country house dreams that summer does not end up, and his garden looked flowering and well-groomed all year round. When the days become shorter, and the nights are colder, you can continue pleasant country troubles, if you take care of the organization of the winter garden. The green pavilion will become a reliable refuge for plants and a cozy holiday destination for a family for a long autumn-winter period.
Winter gardens in a modern understanding appeared and entered into a mall in the suburban estates of England and France in the middle of the XIX century - when thanks to technical progress began to spread widely modern heating and frame structures. Gradually, the construction began to be divided according to the method of application, and today they are accepted for three not quite clear categories:
Greenhouse. A room that can be like washed to home and stand separately (and sometimes located on the roof). Orangery, in most cases, is focused on growing exotic and local colors, vegetables and fruits. Inside the greenhouse is created an artificial ecosystem with specific, suitable for plants, conditions.
Greenhouse
Greenhouse. Simplified Orange Need. Most often in the greenhouse are growing seedlings and vegetables, although there are also greenhouses with magnificent collections of orchids or alpine decorative herbs. Here the needs of plants are also taken into account, not a person; Externally, the greenhouse looks like a utilitarian, without a hint of decorations building, inexpensive in the manufacture and located in a distance from the house.
Greenhouse
Winter Garden. Although such a room is created for the content of exotic and thermal-loving plants, priority during its device is given to the convenience of people. Winter garden often (but not always) attached to the house, it has an elegant look and serves for recreation of the family, and often for receiving guests. Well designed and equipped winter garden - not the cheapest pleasure.
Winter Garden
Winter garden is sometimes located separately from the house, but most often it is one whole with it; In the latter case, the premises make significant adjustments to the project and the construction of the house. Building convenient to divide into the following groups:
Buffer Winter Garden is organized as a fabric adjacent to the house, most often rectangular or angular, although there are other options - square, triangular, semi-alone. Such a room serves as a link between housing and the street; This is the most common option to improve. You can also enter it from two sides and use not only as a recreation area, but also as an entrance hall that helps keep warm in the house.
Buffer winter garden
A specially erected construction, a glazed veranda or terrace, a buffer winter garden, can act as a buffer winter garden, if it is insulated and connected to home systems of engineering communications. Winter gardens attached to the house are equipped relatively easily and quickly, since there is a ready wall, and it is not difficult to put water and electricity from the housing, to arrange heating. Thanks to relatively small dimensions, it is not possible to contain such a recreation corner. Minus consider insufficient illumination and weak ventilation; Temperature fluctuations will not allow some plants to grow.
Placing the winter sala in the house can be held in two ways:
Thinks out at the design stage (optimal option). Such prudency allows with minimal cost to equip the room with large windows and translucent roof; Comfortable will be both owners and plants.
Placed in the finished residential room. Even if an angular or spacious outer room is released under it, adjustments may be required (increasing window openings).
Winter garden in one of the living rooms
This option is practical for sections of a large area; Modern technologies will allow you to realize your imagination. Elegant transparent building will enjoy the landscape and perfectly fit into any style solution; Especially successful will look a round winter garden. For the construction, the solar place is chosen, the construction is securely heat insulated, light and water is carried out.
To create a comfortable habitat for the plants poorly adapted to the local climate, the room is additionally equipped with special phytolampa. The minus of this design is the cost of its arrangement. The budget will include the supply of communications, the establishment of the foundation, and in the future - the cost of heating, watering and lighting. Home and Winter Garden Conveniently connect the track, the arrangement of which will also require investments.
Winter Garden in the form of a hemisphere
Winter Gardens Device Service
The classic winter garden, the most popular in private house-building is a glazed construction attached to the house. Most owners consider this option most convenient to care for green pets, recreation and reception. The green pavilion device is associated with the solution of several engineering and architectural tasks. You will need to competently attach the room to the wall of the residential building, organize heating and lighting, but it is necessary to start with the choice of materials.
An extension to the house, a winter garden, is a fragile on the type of design, to which, however, there is a lot of requirements. It should be reliable and sustainable, withstand winds and snow drums, withstand summer overheating and winter hypothermia. Frame design The pavilion is performed from the following materials:
Aluminum profile. The most common frame, lightweight and durable, does not rust and is distinguished by a long service life. Like all metals, skips heat, therefore needs thermal protection inserts.
At the heart - metal frame
On our site you can find contacts of construction companies that offer an extension service to existing homes. You can directly chat with representatives by visiting the exhibition of the houses "Low-rise country".
Steel. Steel framework perfectly copes with high supporting loads, but it itself has a significant weight, high cost and a tendency to corrosion.
Wood. The bar is sometimes combined with aluminum or brick. The tree is considered complex material for such structures, since it is subject to rotting and can change the dimensions when the temperature and humidity drops. High-quality protection and decoration of a wooden surface increases the cost of building.
Polycarbonate. The use of a plastic profile makes an extension easier and cheaper, hermetic it becomes due to rubber seals.
Metalplastic. Metal-plastic framework resistant to ultraviolet radiation, has good heat and sound insulation.
Glass partitions. A modern solution that gives the construction of a spectacular look. A glass system can be foldable, sliding or swing, in this case the ability to connect parts of the house to one unit appears.
Sliding system
On our site you can find contacts of construction companies that offer the service to complete unfinished houses. You can directly chat with representatives by visiting the exhibition of the houses "Low-rise country".
Winter garden, the design of which is glazed almost completely, is a rather complicated engineering project. Glazing of the winter garden has a lot of nuances; It is necessary to envisage the possibility of natural ventilation - framugues should be at least 30% of the glazing area. The frame of the winter garden is trimmed with the following materials:
Double double glazing. The most practical choice for the middle strip of Russia, which ensures the economy of heat consumption. Energy-saving double-glazed windows with low-emission glasses have proven themselves especially well. The considerable weight of PVC packages requires the arrangement of a solid frame.
Glass (Single or double). Standard Material For the design of a winter garden, withstanding significant loads. Cons usage - high price, complex installation and significant heat transfer.
Polycarbonate. Easy, relatively cheap and strain-resistant material with high transparency and ultraviolet protection (with a special layer). The disadvantage is a high thermal expansion indicator, which is taken into account when drawing up a project.
About the assembly of the winter garden in the following video:
By virtue of its features, the winter garden-extension is an intermediate space between residential rooms and an external environment. It is successfully used as a canteen, living room, a relaxation place and a year-round source of vitamins. To make all these functions, the following tasks decide during the planning process:
Heating. Placing a winter garden attached to cottage, practically combine with the house heating system. The choice of the system is influenced by the pavilion, the thermal lifting of plants and the frequency of use. If the garden is a continuation of the house, heat must be ensured in constant mode. The desired temperature is supported different ways: With the help of air, water (steam) or chimney heating, warm floor devices. For periodic heating, electrical heaters, UFO and split-systems are suitable.
Electricity. Most green pavilions connect to the house network; At the same time, special attention should be paid to the protection of wiring from greenhouse humidity.
Electric lighting - important part of comfort
Lighting. Thanks to the transparent walls, the level of natural light is usually sufficient and regulated by awnings and blinds. When the day day decreases and the plants cease to grab the sun, the lamps are connected to business. Standard energy-saving lamps are not suitable for all plants, therefore it is better to install phytolampa with a special emission spectrum.
Watering. If the room is small, you can do the manual irrigation (and it will give you pleasure). If there are many plants, and the area reaches 10-15 m 2, you will involuntarily think about the device of watering system, possibly automatic. One of the most practical is the drip irrigation system. It economically spends resources, works on the selected mode and supports the humidity of the soil at the required level.
About ideas for a winter garden in the following video:
Ventilation. Natural ventilation (through the window) acts limited if there is a temperature difference; In addition, insect protection will be needed. mosquito nets. To ventilate high quality, create a combined supply-exhaust ventilation. The air comes in a natural way through the velocity; For forced ventilation use fans and exhaust. The combined system is effective where naturally copes natural: with strong wind or its absence; Cons - electricity consumption and noise during operation.
Thoughtful engineering systems - the pledge of plant survival
The range, presented in flower shops, allows you to arrange a winter garden in any style like, and the design of your own edema will give you a lot of positive emotions. Popular design options for the winter garden in a private house look like this:
Classic style. It is also called English. Registration is aimed at creating elegant and restrained in the details of the situation. In the finishing of the wall with a wooden house, wooden panels, stucco bas-relief and plaster are used; In the design of the pavilion, a glass roof is extremely desirable. The situation is supplemented with high panoramic windows decorated with stained glass windows, an erker, classic statues and a fountain. Tapestry and comfortable furniture under the antique will complement the image. There are many exotic plants in the garden, palm trees; On a general green background, large bright colors are highlighted.
In english style
European style. National traditions are characterized by details. French chic is manifested in elegant furniture and sophisticated decorative vases, Italian taste is in traditional ceramics and a vintage tile floor. In the garden you can see decorative fruit trees, set of herbs and bright flowers. The situation is decorated with irises, hydrangea, lilies, pleet roses, You can find spicy herbs, sage, lavender and wormwood. The fountains and sculptures fit successfully into the style.
South European style
Mediterranean style. The garden is drawn up in a bright palette characteristic of Greece or Spain. Here it will be a wicker rattan or wrought-iron furniture, a fountain, lush flowers in rough clay pots. In the southern pavilion you can meet a laurel, orange and lemon tree, thuy, barbaris and lianas. Conventional flowers are geranium, poppies, Barwin, Lion Zev.
How to equip the Winter Garden in the following video:
Japanese style. This option is suitable for fans of eco-design. On the eastern canons, the presence of stone (either tree), land and water is obligatory in the decor. Despite the minimalism in the details and strict geometric shapes, the pavilion looks picturesque and mysteriously; It is decorated with fountains, waterfalls, coniferous and dwarf trees, woven and lacquered furniture.
Japanese-Style Decor Fragment
High tech. Registration in this modern practical style seems somewhat unusual for the Winter Garden; Nevertheless, it has already managed to conquer a lot of fans. The pavilion is fulfilled as functional as possible; The main thing is the space and an abundance of parts made of chromed steel, plastics, glass, aluminum. Furniture and lighting devices are reminded by high technologies. Especially impressive in such conditions will look like a collection of cacti or other small plants.
About the styles of the winter garden in the following video:
Of course, the winter garden will look like this wants to be the owners. After the premises are ready and engineering systems are connected, the fantasy of the owners comes into business (sometimes skillfully sent by the designer's experience). In order for the green pavilion to please you for many years, you need to adhere to some of the general rules:
Selection of compatible plants. The glazed pavilion is poorly suitable for the simultaneous cultivation of plants from different climatic zones. For successful growth of tropical, deserted or subtropical plants We need different temperature modes and humidity. Reasonable combination - the basis of a beautiful and healthy garden.
Plant selection by location. If the winter garden is placed on the sunny (southern, southeast or south-west) side of the house, it is better to fill it with light-loving plants. It must be remembered that the direct sun rays withstand cacti, the rest of the plants (palm trees, citrus, hibicus) should be shadowed with blinds or marquises.
Roll curtains will help protect flowers
Expansion of space. Mirror - the easiest and effective method Visitally increase the size of the room and the number of plants.
Shading. In hot summer days, temperatures under a transparent cap can reach a record 80-90 ° C. By organizing a winter garden, do not forget about the protection of the sun.
Convenience. The frame for curly plants is made of wood (they do not like the metal); It is most convenient to install it at the mirror wall.
Zoning. Planning space, do not forget about a small working table - it will be very useful when replanting the colors. The table can be bred by natural or artificial stone, thereby organizing in the landscape.
Supplements. A full-fledged interior helps to create not only furniture, fountain and various accessories. Especially impressive in the surroundings of the greenery will look a fireplace.
Interior with fireplace
An exclusive novelty in a country house building is the arrangement of a winter garden on the roof of the cottage. An unusual solution allows you to give the house with an original and attractive look, in passing the living building from the course, and you are from extra spending on roof repair. Work on the design and construction of such a design should be based on calculations permissible loads housing. They should be entrusted to the construction organization whose specialists have a profile work experience and can demonstrate a portfolio with orders.
