And high performance characteristics polypropylene pipes pipelines in water supply and heating systems - only the upper part of the iceberg. For the correct operation of the installed communications, it is not enough to choose the type of polymer pipe and buy the material in the required quantity - preliminary design sketches are required, and at large objects - serious thermal and hydraulic calculations... For the heating system to be effective, polypropylene pipes for heating must have a diameter confirmed by these calculations.
Let us consider in more detail the significance of the size of the diameter of polypropylene pipes in the construction of pipelines.
Questions of how the water supply system should look like, what diameter of pipes should be in the main supplying heat, are solved at the stage of designing life support systems in the house. As a result, the diameter of polypropylene pipes for water supply can often differ from the identical size of the heating system pipeline, since these communications have different purposes and are therefore exposed to different factors.
On a note: if the boiler water supply rate in the heating system pipeline is less than 0.2 m / s, then there is a high probability of airing the line, and exceeding the supply rate by 0.2 m / s will lead to an increase in costs - the costs of equipment exposed to heavy loads will increase.
The use of polypropylene products has greatly simplified the work on equipping residential buildings with hot water heating and water supply systems. However, you need to know exactly which type of polymer pipe material is suitable in a particular case. The types of polypropylene pipes that exist today have different technical characteristics and are designed for a specific area of use.
The most reliable products for the installation of hot water heating pipelines and hot water supply systems (DHW) are PN25 or PN30 products. It is these brands that are able to withstand pressures up to 25 and 30 atm. respectively, at the operating temperature of the coolant 95 0 C. Even short-term operation of such pipes at a water temperature of 120 0 C is allowed, since distinctive feature these products are thick-walled.
Samples of polypropylene pipes, reinforced with aluminum.
For cold water supply, polypropylene pipes with a uniform wall are used. For DHW systems and heating circuits, reinforced products are used, since the inclusion of an aluminum shell in the structure of the wall of a polypropylene pipe or significantly increases the strength of the pipe material and reduces the amount of thermal expansion.
For reference: thermal expansion is 0.03 mm / m 0 C, while for channels with a wall of homogeneous polypropylene this value is about 0.15 mm / m 0 C. Based on this, homogeneous products are suitable for cold water supply, and for systems heating and hot water supply, only reinforced polypropylene is used.
When choosing accessories for a heating and water supply system, the decisive factors are the temperature of the liquid, its flow rate and pressure. The required cross-sectional area of the water supply system is determined in this case by calculations performed in accordance with the scope and operating conditions of the equipment.
Based on the configuration of the pipe section (circular ring), its geometric parameters are determined by the outer and inner diameters. The current classification of polypropylene pipes clearly defines the typical dimensions of each type of pipe products used for installation.
Today, both domestic and foreign manufacturing firms produce standardized components for pipelines. Taking into account practical application, standard engineering solutions have been developed that allow determining the optimal passage in products for home heating and other water communications. Based on the data in the table, you can make right choice equipment and components of the heating main, without resorting to hydraulic calculations.
As a rule, the marking contains one of the following values for the outer diameter:
16, 20.25, 32 and 40 mm,
which correspond to the inner diameters of PN25 polypropylene pipes:
10.6; 13.2; 16.6; 21.2; 26.6 mm.
For ease of use, the correspondence of the diameters and wall thickness of polypropylene pipes used in heating and water supply systems are summarized in the table:
Table with data on the diameters and wall thickness of polypropylene pipes used in everyday life of the series A reasonable question. Why are external parameters applied on finished products, if the size of the internal passage of the pipeline is so important for functionality. The point is that the outer diameter indicates the corresponding type of connection.
Potential of using polypropylene pipes of various outer diameters at a speed of movement of the coolant in the pipeline 0.7 m / s:
The rate of supply of the coolant and the amount of transferred thermal energy directly depends on the inner section of the polypropylene pipelines. For clarity of this statement, the dependence of the provision of thermal energy on the intensity of the coolant supply and the values of the pipeline diameters is summarized in the table:
Selection table for polypropylene pipe material depending on the intensity of the heat carrier supply and the need for thermal energy Thermal power is indicated in W, heat carrier flow rate in kg / sec. The calculated data are based on average temperatures: the supplied heat carrier at 80 0 С, return flow at 60 0 С, air in the room +20 0 С.
For example: at a flow rate of 0.4 m / s, the following amount of heat energy will be transferred in the pipeline:
With an increase in the flow rate of the liquid to 0.7 m / s, the flow rate of the coolant will immediately increase by 70-80%.
Important! The practical purpose of the above table is to recommend, based on the value of the required amount of thermal energy, the required pipe diameter during the selection of pipe materials for a residential heating system.
Let's look at an illustrative example:
There is typical house useful area 250 m 2. The building is sufficiently insulated and in order to create normal living conditions it needs heating at the rate of 1 kW per 10 sq. m, that is, to create a comfortable temperature in the house, 25,000 watts of thermal energy (maximum) will be enough.
On a note: more heat is always required for the first floor - about 2/3 of the total consumed amount.
Thus, out of 25 kW, heating the first floor will require 15 kW, the second - 10 kW.
House equipped autonomous system heating at the base double-circuit boiler... The radiators installed in the rooms are connected in parallel. The house has a wiring for two wings with equal heat output. On the ground floor, the power for each wing is 7,500 watts. For the second floor, both wings require 5000 watts.
Two-storey house with a hot water heating system based on an autonomous boiler - sectional view The boiler produces 25 kilowatts of thermal energy for heating the house. This means that for the heating main you need to use polypropylene pipes and fittings with an inner diameter of 26.6 mm (at a feed rate of 0.6 m / s). This value corresponds to the outer diameter of the pipe 40 millimeters.
To supply the branches on the ground floor, 1500 watts of heat will be required. Using the data from the table, we get the following:
Now we will consider the procedure for connecting heating devices.
Water heating radiators on average have a power of 2 kilowatts, therefore, theoretically, pipes with minimum value outer diameter - 16 mm (PN16). However, in practice, it is recommended to use polypropylene products with an inner section size of 13.2 mm and an outer diameter of 20 mm (PN20), since the use of polymer pipes PN16 is recognized as inappropriate due to low manufacturability.
The second floor is equipped with a 32 mm pipeline. Pipes and connecting fittings Ø25 mm are used for each wing. With radiators, the picture is the same as on the first floor - the batteries are connected using PN20 pipes.
Based on the above example, for each section of the pipeline in the heating system, you can select components of the required diameter - including the efficiency of the heating equipment will depend on this.
It should be remembered that the materials for the piping in the heating system are selected in accordance with the maximum technical specifications an autonomous boiler, despite the fact that in most cases the unit will operate normally - in accordance with the specified operating parameters.
Polypropylene pipes are manufactured in accordance with GOST and their dimensions are regulated by the standard. The diameter of the inner lines is from 10 to 1200 mm, the wall thickness depends on design features... They are classified: by the composition of raw materials, by pressure, by purpose.
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Every year polypropylene pipes conquer new spaces - they are used in many industries: mechanical engineering, Agriculture and, above all, in heating, water supply and sewerage systems. Dimensions and configuration of PP pipes are regulated by GOST. Products are divided into types depending on the qualitative composition of raw materials, namely, on the degree of modification of the base polymer with various additives.
In the labeling of PP products, the designation N25, N10, etc. is found. This indicator makes it possible to assess the resistance of the material to the pressure of the liquid passing through the line.
Yulia Petrichenko, expert
There are the following types of polypropylene pipes:
Currently, there is a variant of reinforcing the line made of polypropylene with fiberglass. This allows you to avoid delamination of water lines during operation, and during installation - loss of time for cleaning the sections during welding. Systems with fiberglass mesh reinforcement are most preferable, as they provide quick installation, resistance to deformation, and increased service life without repairs.
What are the diameters of polypropylene pipes? The parameters depend on the temperature and volume of the transported liquid, its pressure on the walls. First of all, the configuration of the product is selected depending on the purpose. For each type of classification, there is a table of sizes of polypropylene pipes, according to which a suitable product is selected.
What are the sizes of highways? The physical parameters of sewerage, heating, and water supply systems directly depend on what they are intended for. The diameters of metal and polypropylene pipes differ slightly, but in favor of the latter. The parameters of the plastic ones are less, and the service life is much longer. In addition, the polymer benefits from aesthetic and corrosion resistance properties.
For comparison with metal products, Table 1 shows the diameters of polypropylene pipes in mm:
| Equivalent passage, mm | Outside diameter, mm | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Steel gas pipeline | Steel plumbing | Polymer | |
| 10 | 17 | 16 | 16 |
| 15 | 21.3 | 20 | 20 |
| 20 | 26.8 | 26 | 25 |
| 25 | 33.5 | 32 | 32 |
| 32 | 43.2 | 42 | 40 |
| 40 | 48 | 45 | 50 |
| 50 | 60 | 57 | 63 |
| 65 | 75.5 | 76 | 75 |
| 80 | 88.5 | 89 | 90 |
| 90 | 101.3 | ||
| 100 | 114 | 108 | 110 |
| 125 | 140 | 133 | 125 |
| 150 | 165 | 159 | 160 |
| 160 | 180 | 180 | |
| 200 | 219 | 225 | |
| 225 | 245 | 250 | |
| 250 | 273 | 280 | |
| 300 | 325 | 315 | |
| 400 | 426 | 400 | |
| 500 | 530 | 500 | |
| 600 | 630 | 630 | |
| 800 | 820 | 800 | |
| 1000 | 1020 | 1000 | |
| 1200 | 1220 | 1200 | |
The diameter of the pipe pp is selected according to the results of calculations of the cross-country ability of the pipeline. When choosing steel, copper, polymer products, you should carefully consider the marking - some types are indicated by the inner diameter, and some by the outer. In the marking of plastic pipes, only the outer diameters are indicated.
We select the inner diameter of polypropylene pipes by means of an elementary calculation with the initial data:
The diameter of polypropylene pipes for water supply to a private house or mansion is calculated by the formula:
D = √ ((4) -Q- (1000 / π ∙ v)) where v is the speed of the passing flow, m / s (taken from 0.7 ... 2 m / s);
π is the pi number equal to 3.14.
In practice, the diameter of pipes for the water supply of a private house is assumed to be 20 mm by default. For multi-storey building at each stage of construction, different diameters of polypropylene pipes are used on the basis of an updated calculation: for supplying water to each apartment, to each entrance, to a house, block, microdistrict, various parameters of highways are used. Accordingly, the higher the water consumption, the larger the sizes are accepted.
In practice, in apartment buildings the following dimensions of polypropylene pipes are used in mm:
Polypropylene pipes of large diameters are used in the organization of water supply, heating, sewerage to houses, residential areas, public buildings, sports complexes, hotels, for industrial needs. For example, pipes for water supply with a diameter of 500 mm or more are used to supply cold drinking water from storage pools to metropolitan areas. For transferring the coolant to pp pipes big size not used because of the high heat load, which contributes to the softening of polymer lines.
The diameters of the range of polypropylene pipes are shown in table 2:
| Outside diameter, mm | PN10 | PN20 | PN30 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inner diameter | Wall thickness | Inner diameter | Wall thickness | Inner diameter | Wall thickness | |
| 16 | 10.6 | 2.7 | ||||
| 20 | 16.2 | 1.9 | 13.2 | 3.4 | 13.2 | 3.4 |
| 25 | 20.4 | 2.3 | 16.6 | 4.2 | 16.6 | 4.2 |
| 32 | 26.0 | 3.0 | 21.2 | 5.4 | 21.2 | 3.0 |
| 40 | 32.6 | 3.7 | 26.6 | 6.7 | 26.6 | 3.7 |
| 50 | 40.8 | 4.6 | 33.2 | 8.4 | 33.2 | 4.6 |
| 63 | 51.4 | 5.8 | 42 | 10.5 | 42 | 5.8 |
| 75 | 61.2 | 6.9 | 50 | 12.5 | 50 | 6.9 |
| 90 | 73.6 | 8.2 | 6 | 15 | ||
| 110 | 90 | 10 | 73.2 | 18.4 | ||
For ventilation systems and gutters of industrial structures, polypropylene pipes are used, the dimensions of which exceed Ø400 mm.
For self installation heating systems, water supply and sewerage systems in a private house or apartment, it is important not only to choose the correct dimensions of the highways, but also to connect them correctly. This will require special welding equipment, some skill and ability to use it. Therefore, it is better if professionals are engaged in the design of communications and their laying.
In the article, we briefly described the classification and main parameters of polypropylene water mains used for the device of external and internal systems heating, sewerage, ventilation, water supply. The range of products of various diameters and purposes allows the implementation of complex construction projects, the piping of hot water, cold water and heating aesthetically pleasing, quickly, reliably.
How do you deal with replacing old steel pipes for polypropylene? What size highways do you use when installing in-house communications?
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Diameters of polypropylene pipes: dimensions in mm, table, internal diameter of PP pipes - print version
