Such a way of heating rooms as water heating Floor, long ago and firmly settled in our lives among other methods, while won consistent with considerable popularity. Its essence is that the coolant warmer the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe floor covering, thereby providing a comfortable temperature in the room.
There is also another kind of heating method - electric warm floors, although they are less common. The reason is simple: heat can be heated with different methods using various coolants, but with the electrically heating there is no such choice, and in the case of turning off the electricity, heat in the house will disappear. In any case, the electrical and water heating systems of the floor today do not lose their relevance.
Surely no one will argue with the fact that the heating system with warm floors is the best of all existing. If for comparison to take a traditional radiator system and air heating at home, then the heating of the sexes has advantages over them:
You can arrange warm contours anywhere in the dwelling, even water heating of the floor on the balcony.
The distribution of air masses in the room at a temperature when using various heating methods.
With all the advantages, the heating of the house with warm floors has some drawbacks that take attention. For example, there is an erroneous opinion that the device of such heating will completely eliminate you from radiators. In some cases, this is really possible, but not always.
The fact is that for heating the room it is necessary that each m2 of the floor area highlights the approximately 100 W thermal energy. If the house is perfectly insulated, then for such heat dissipation, the surface temperature should be at least 35 ºС, in other cases - 40 ºС and higher. Below on the chart reflects the statistics, which proportion of people and how reacts to an increase in the surface temperature of the floor.
As can be seen from the schedule, the comfort zone for most people lies within temperatures from 20 to 30 ºС. When water heating in the floor heats it all over the area to a temperature of 35 ºС and higher, at least 60% of people feel discomfort.
For reference. Regulatory documentation, regulating sanitary and hygienic standards in buildings various destination (Snip 41-01-2003 "Heating and Ventilation," 6.5.12), clearly prescribes that the surface temperature in rooms with a permanent stay of people cannot exceed 26 ºС, and with a temporary stay - 31 ºС.
Of the above conclusion, the following: if the heating under the floor of the pipes hesitates its plane to a temperature of 26 ºС, then the heat transfer will not reach 100 W / m2. Then the thermal power of the system is not enough and still will have to put additional small radiators.
The second significant drawback arising from constructive features Systems and labor costs for their implementation are a fairly high price for a warm floor with water heating. In addition to the heating circuits, it will take equipment and fittings to regulate the coolant and it pumping through the pipelines of these contours.
Council. In order not to engage in additional gasket branches for water heating devices, it is worth considering other heat sources, such as local supply installations Heated air, long-wave infrared emitters, electrical or gas convectors.
As floor heating in a private house or apartment is an expensive thing, it should be approached with all seriousness. If, with certain skills, construction and installation work you can perform with your own hands, then to develop a scheme and thorough miscalculation, it is recommended to refer to those skilled in the art. They will help to make commissioning in accordance with the calculations.
In the event that you have a desire and time to understand everything yourself, then first of all you should know that the calculation of the power of the heated floor begins with the selection of the pipe diameter for heating contours, then it is required to find a step of its laying and determine the number of these contours. At this point, all calculations of the required power of the heating system should be made and obtained the values \u200b\u200bof thermal power for each room of the building.
For example, the value of the floor area from ceramic tiles is 10 m2, and the required power is 981 W. Then the necessary thermal flow will be 98.1 W / m2, according to this value, it is necessary to find out the surface temperature, which will provide water heating under the tile. This can be done using a nomogram.
It can be seen that the value of heat transfer 100 W / m2 corresponds to the temperature 28.8 ºС. In our case, it is unacceptable, because people constantly stay in the room, it means that you need 26 ºС. This magnitude corresponds to the heat transfer 68 W / m2, and the remaining 100 - 68 \u003d 32 W / m2 will have to be submitted to the room in other ways. How to use the nomogram is shown below.
In this example, a suitable step of laying pipes of the heating circuit - 0.3 m, on it, the average calculated temperature difference is 19.5 ºС, which corresponds to the temperature graph of the coolant - 45/35 ºС. It remains to find out the length of the pipe, for normal operation of its system, its length cannot exceed 100 m. The formula is simple.
Pipe length \u003d room area / Power styling step.
If the value exceeds 100 m, then the area should be divided into 2 parts and calculate the two heating circuits, otherwise the hydraulic resistance will be too large, and heat transfer is uneven. The heat transfer surface depends on the types of flooring, so the nomograms are shown below for convenience, which will help calculate the floors with heating under laminate and linoleum.
Note. The detailed calculation of the power of the warm floors in an understandable key is set out in the book of V. V. Pottylov "Water heating systems".
Immediately make a reservation that the technology of the water floors for heating differs in such cases:
Differences will be covered in the process of reviewing the work of work. When the device starts from the soil, then it should be sealing it and perform a rough concrete screed over all of the rules. Ideally, the screed must collect strength for three weeks, but since during the installation of the load will be significantly lower than the calculated, you can wait 3-5 days, after which you need to make a waterproofing gasket. The result should be smooth surface Without drops and other gross irregularities.
Further, the installation of water heating in a private house or apartment will be described using AquaTherm technology, which is one of the leaders in the market of floor heating systems. General scheme "Pie" is presented below.
Water heating device inside the floor
Initially, around the entire perimeter, the walls are covered with an elastic damper band, it makes it possible to expand the future stoves to expand in the range of 5 mm in each direction. Thermal insulation is laid on top of the waterproofing film, as a rule, is high density expanded polystyrene. With elevated firefire requirements to overlaps as heat insulating material You should take plates from basalt fiber.
If the installation of water heating in a private house on the first floor is carried out, then the thickness of the insulation layer is taken by calculation, but not less than 50 mm. In the case when the work is carried out in the apartment above the first floor or on the upper floors of the cottage, then the thickness can be reduced to 20-40 mm, since the temperature difference between the apartments is small.
On top of the thermal insulation layer, it is recommended to pave a special polyethylene film with marking, it is more convenient for the layout and the installation of pipes. The material is rolled off with an overlap 80 mm, after which the joints are sampled by scotch.
If elevated static or dynamic loads on the floor (heavy furniture, equipment and so on) are expected indoors, then the insulation is recommended to lay the grids from the reinforcement with a diameter of 5 mm, and the pipes are fixed with plastic clamps.
Metal-plastic or other pipes for the warm floor are attached to the insulation with special plastic brackets, the layout is performed with a calculated step according to a predetermined scheme that there are several to choose from.
Examined layouts of pipes
At the same time, the radii of pipe bends must be observed, so as not to damage their design, for each type of pipelines, this data will prompt a sales representative.
AquaTherm offers non-metal-plastic materials for its systems, and polyethylene and polybutylene pipes with a diameter of 14, 16, 17 and 20 mm with a minimal bend radius 80 mm.
From the home boiler installation, the coolant is supplied to the rod distributor, assembled with the circulation pump. This mixing unit provides the necessary temperature and movement of the coolant in all heating elements, a warm floor was filled with a room. If necessary, the distributor can adjust the climate in the premises based on the signals of room thermostats, in the simplest version it supports the temperature in the feed pipe with the overhead sensor.
Important! The central water heating of apartments is prohibited to connect to the distributor of outdoor heating. It will dilute the entire riser and as a result it will be cold. Connection is possible only to an individual boiler.
After reliable fastening of pipes and checking them on tightness (crimping), the installation of warm floors continues with a sand-cement screed device, whose thickness is in the range of 100 mm, a layer of solution over the top of the pipe is provided with a thickness of 50-55 mm. The screed is withstanding to frozen, and during the collapse in it, the seams are false (between the contours of one room) and deformation (on the joints of the plates different rooms). The lowest coating is laid, then only commissioning and system balancing remains.
Warm water floors - the pleasure is not cheap, at all stages of work on their device there is a responsible job. But the result will be substantial savings (up to 30%) and a high level of comfort in the dwelling.
Heat production is always more expensive. In each part of the Russian Federation, it is necessary to make a house in a special period. Each common resident wants to know: how to upgrade the dwelling system. On the website website placed a large number heating systems housing applying perfectly different techniques Weching heat. Each heating system is possible to mount individually or hybridity.
Water warm floors are a full-fledged heating system, an alternative to the classical radiator heating system.
Prices for warm water floors. as well as price of individual installation services for warm water floors You can find out in the price section. Order the installation of warm water floors from our company's specialists.
Our company will be able to help you in the design of such systems, and will be offered the most optimal options for cooperation in this area. We have professionals of their case who have extensive experience in designing and installing such systems, and which will be able to help you achieve maximum qualitative conditions In your home. We can pick up for you the most optimal option The operation of the heating system, and advise how to achieve minimal heating costs.
Performing our company which depends primarily on the area of \u200b\u200bthe room and its technical characteristics, is a complex of work that require a professional approach. At first are determined technical conditions To perform work - the quality of isolation is determined, work on the preparation of the base is carried out, waterproofing works are performed. We can perform all the work required for the heating device, or part of the work can be carried out by a construction company that performs construction or repair.
To need it warm water floor installation Price which may seem high when conducting construction work You can pay attention to the screed and its waterproofing, and carry out these works by the builders. First, it will save, and secondly, the preparation of the foundation will be produced in advance, and when contacting our company, everything will be ready for work. There will be only to perform work on the device of heating system and run it into operation.
Most often, price on the installation of warm water floor It depends not only on the area of \u200b\u200bthe room, but also the selected type of pipelines, the presence of complex places, a large number of bends, and individual rooms where heating is required. The system itself can connect, both to the system of central heating at home and in its own heating system. Which, in turn, can be electrical or powered by a separate boiler, or boiler.
The easiest option is connected to the central heating system, and warm water installation price In this case, it will be lower due to the fact that they do not have to lay individual highways. But at the same time, the level and quality of temperature control will cause some discomfort, since heating the system above the temperature of the radiators in the room will not work. If only do not mount the control system and the radiator itself, which will require impressive costs. Therefore, it is better to use two different highways.
But in any case, it is best to consult with the specialists of our company, which will be able to tell about all the advantages and disadvantages of a system of heating, and you will calculate the number of elements with which you can achieve comfort and comfort. We know how to build an optimal diagram of heating of the dwelling, and we will be able to offer our customers a professional approach to solving the problem of heating the dwelling.
Visiting our office and deciding with installation of warm water floors You will be able to conclude a contract for the work of turnkey work, and all other worries will be slandering our employees on the shoulders. We will select and buy the necessary components for the heating system, deliver them to an object, invite specialists who have experience and have sufficient professional skills. We will also be able to purchase and install adjustment equipment, and customize it.
Only in our company work specialists who worked at the facilities of residential real estate, and at the facilities of commercial real estate, specialists who are implemented by the implementation of the most complex and ambitious plans. Turning to us, you will receive help in installation of warm water floor Price It will be at an acceptable level, and we achieve this at the expense of the coordinated work of all divisions of the company, optimize costs and organization efficient work Each employee. And we know how to make cooperation with us fruitful and enjoyable in all respects, for any customer.
With warm floors - and electric, and water - I have repeatedly faced in the process of my professional activity and was able to make sure of their effectiveness, based on their own feelings, not advertising booklets manufacturers. I have experience in the use of heating floor not only as an additional heat source, but also as the main one.
Therefore, now, when we have, requiring restructuring, warm floors are considered by us very closely and precisely as one of the options for solving the issue of heating, and not just to increase the level of comfort. Perhaps my knowledge will have helpful to someone else. After all, "... dry, my friend, theory everywhere, and the tree of life is a magnificent green." In this article, I want to touch some practical moments, the understanding of which comes with experience.
Most likely, such a heating system came to Korea of ChinaWhat is indicated by the name: the word "Odol" is translated from Chinese as "warm cavities." Although in China itself, such a furnace is called kan. Her difference from the Korean option is that the Kan is not the floor, but a warm lay, it takes part of the room and towers above the floor. In the northern regions of China there are types of Cana, covering the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe room, they are called di-kang (Poland). Judging by the structures of the old in our, the idea of \u200b\u200ba low furnace-laying (type of Cana) is multinational.
The heating system is arranged ondol So: in the kitchen room or outside the house there is a furnace, the focus is located below the floor level in the room. The furnaces are laid in the cavities of the cavities under the floor of the residential room in the form of a horizontal collector. At the opposite wall, horizontal chimneys are combined into one vertical, installed outside near the wall of the house, through it the products of combustion and emit away.
The cavities of the horizontal part of the chimney channels are blocked on top of flat stones, their surface forms the floor of the room. For the uniform distribution of heat in a part of the room, which is closer to the oven, are used thicker stones, and in the opposite end of the room, where the temperature of the smoke is already lower, the stones of the fond.
The seams between the stones are carefully embarrassed by clay, then the floors are covered in several layers of oiled rice paper. So that the heated floor retains the heat longer, the stones were chosen quite large thickness, at least 8-12 cm. The living room heating system by heating the floor with a hot smoke oven was used in Japan.
Similar heating method existed in ancient Rome and Greece, there he was called hypochest. Most often, the hypokaust was arranged in terms. Both Ondol, and Hypokaust, and the Chinese version of Ondoli - Kan, nevertheless more refer to the furnaces. The sonor of the same water warm floors They consider the American architect Frank Lloyd Wright..
IN electric floors The heater is an electrical cable or another electric current heating. A good accumulatory effect is achieved only with a fairly thick layer of material with a high heat capacity - at least 50 mm above the heating element.
Therefore, all solutions that do not imply the creation of the accumulating layer (warm floors "under the tile", "under laminate"), are calculated only as an additional heater to create comfort.
In addition to air warm floors, in which heating is hot air or smoke, a few more types have been developed that are characterized by the heating system: electrical, water, water-electric.
Existing electric warm floors differ in power: there are options calculated only on the creation of an additional heat source - comfortable floor heating, others are suitable for use as the main heating device. Initially, the finishing coating for floors with heating was done only using ceramic or stone tiles. Now there are warm floors on sale, allowing to make the final floor covering any: laminate, linoleum, even carpet.
Electric floors are most popular in the form of a thin electric cable, reinforced on plastic grid. This variety is called - wearing mats or termaomats. They are designed for a small thickness of the coating from above - 10-15 mm, including tile thickness. Systems of warm floors on mats are used if there is no possibility to significantly increase the thickness of the black floor. These are the so-called warm floors "under the tile".
Electric warm floors with b aboutcheering power is usually sold as a cable in the bay. He has B. abouthave a cross section than the one that is used on the grid happens single-core and two-housing. The heating cable is placed in the screed, that is, in a thicker layer of the solution, and can be used as a single source of heat in the room, if the accumulating concrete layer will be sufficient thickness, and hence the heat. The cable power in this case is calculated taking into account the design heat loss of the room, on average - 100 W / m².
In addition, such floors do not require a thermostat. Heating floors from carbon rods are placed under the tile in the tie of a small thickness. Warm floors based on self-regulating heating elements are more economical than the usual (resistive) by about 20%. True, the kit itself is more expensive and, according to reviews, they pretty quickly fail. Although there is another positive feature: the connection of the heating elements is parallel, and not consistent, so when you fail one rod, the entire system continues to work.
In bimetallic heating elements of two-layer: the first - from the copper alloy, the second is from aluminum alloy. Heating elements of a small thickness are also sealed by a polymer film.
Film heater. Photos from Termius.ru
The feature of film floors is "dry" installation that does not require a screed or adhesive layer. The film is simply rolled under flooring and can be easily removed and transferred to the installation elsewhere. Therefore, such a warm-up kit can be used for the device under the coating of laminate, linoleum and even simply lay under the carpet.
In our market, uniting large online stores, represented different variants Equipment for mounting electric warm floor. Look in the section.
Warm floor Aura KTA-136-2500
12 842 rubles
LOOK
Pleer.ru.
Warm floor NEOCLIMA N-TM 1800/12
6,900 rubles
LOOK
Pleer.ru.
Warm floor NEOCLIMA STANDART 150-0.5-6
5 656 rubles
LOOK
Pleer.ru.
Heated floor NEOCLIMA STANDART 220-0.5-10
12 735 rubles
LOOK
Pleer.ru.
However, the theory is good, but in practice it happens that the folding written in the advertising booklet and the installation instructions and the assembly does not want to develop, gather and mounted as designer engineers thought. The next section is a practical experience that the "son of difficult mistakes".
This will facilitate the work on laying the tile, there will be no danger that the grid with the cable will move or the cable itself is damaged by a toothed spatula. Yes, and worry that the cable can be spoiled from the fall of any object to the floor, also not have to. It is worth choosing a level-based level cementrather than gypsum: First, tile glue can be bad to the gypsum level, and secondly, the gypsum is low thermal conductivity.
Another point: The grid with a heating cable has a glue layer on the reverse side for fixing the mat on the surface. In fact, this glue is usually either silent and not glued, or simply not glued, because the surface of the floor in real conditions is far from similar to the smooth glass. Sometimes helps scotch, and it is better to use some quick-drying mixture (not only a plaster), with which you can fix the mesh with a cable on the floor.
If the finished thermomat is not suitable for the form of the room, then the grid can be carefully cut, without damaging the cable, and decompose it freely taking into account the steps between the rows and features of the room.
Thermomats can be used for laminate or linoleum, in this case, over the grid with a cable, it is necessary to cast a thin layer screed from the same level.
(foam, polystyrene foam or extruded polystyrene foam, foil foamed polypropylene) for warm floors needed if below is unheated premises or . The choice depends on the specific conditions: the calculated value of heat loss, the material of overlapping and other things.
In the event that the bottom is a warm room (for example, a neighbor's apartment or lower floor of the house), the heat insulation can not be applied. However, it is necessary to understand that the use of thermal insulation will reduce heat consumption and make heating with warm floor more efficient: all heat will be directed to heating the floor, reflected from the heater of the insulation.
So that the cable does not overheat, on top of the heat-insulating layer before laying the cable you need to cast an intermediate screed or lay it on the reign metal grid With the help of plastic fumes. Then during the fill of the screed, the solution will conduct a cable under the cable, separating it from thermal insulation, and it will not overheat.
In the photo below the warm floor stacked in the bathroom and in place, where then there will be a bath and a washing machine, there is no cable. You can also use one cable if there is a flooring zone with different thermal conductivity (for example, ceramic tile and laminate), or use one cable system for heating adjacent rooms, isolated door. It is better to make individual heating zones with different cables.
To adjust the temperature of the floor, the thermostat is used, the sensor of which is located between the cable loops approximately in the center of the room. The sensor is placed in the plastic corrugation, lifting the end, for example, with the help of a tape. There are thermostat that allows you to connect several separate cable systems to one instrument.
Options for electrical warm floors, not afraid of "locking" under bulky furniture - these are systems with self-regulating elements. For example, rod or electro-liquid (about them is a little lower).
But such mixtures are used because they quickly freeze what is required to set the beacons. Such a way out: use RemSostav. (For example, from "Solver" or "Plovetonite", a mixture of Ivsil Render). Also suitable rapid tile glue (for example, IVSIL Express +, Fast Fix EC, Knauf Shankleiber, Ceresit CM-14, Plitonit B, Express WB).
As a last resort, you can add to cement mortar Some plaster or gypsum plaster: the mixture will be quickly seized, and the composition will be closer to cement. Do not forget that the lifetime of such blends is very short-to-date - 10-15 minutes. Mix a small amount that you have time to work out during this time. If there is still a mixture on the basis of the beacon, a mixture based on plaster is chosen, then you need to carefully follow so that it does not come into contact with the heating cable, as in the photo above.
When casting a screed into solution, you need to add a special plasticizer for warm floors and fibrovolok - due to increased thermal loads. Another option is to use a special dry cement mixture for warm floors, there is already this plasticizer in it. This also applies to the device screed for water warm floors.
When pouring, you need to control so that the cable does not pop up. If it all happened, it is necessary to immerse the pop-up area into the solution before it is hardened. Otherwise, the segment of the cable, over which the thickness of the concrete is much less, will experience elevated loads, which will affect the service life of the heating floor.
Turn on the warm floor only after complete drying of the screed - no earlier than in a month. If you hurry, air cavities may form around the cable, and this will lead to overheating in these places and, as a result, is fail.
This is not true. The difference between the cable with one residential and two only in the convenience of installation: when using a single-core second, its end will have to return back to the outcome point. This requires additional calculation of the configuration of the loops when laying the cable and in the rooms of complex form it is difficult.
The two-housing cable carries in itself under insulation 2 wires: the current-mainst - heating, with high resistance, and the usual - zero. And they are closed in the terminal coupling. Therefore, the two-housing cable is stacked easier: there is no need to think how to return the reverse end. Both cables at the same passport power warm the same. Two veins do not mean an increase in power by 2 times.
Electromagnetic radiation really is. But its value is insignificant and does not affect health. And the difference compensated by the second conductor of electromagnetic radiation compared to the radiation of the single-core is even less significant so that it is some value. The two-housing cable is more expensive, it is necessary to sell it somehow.
Such a floor is heated for quite a long time and cool even longer. In the apartment described above in the attic after the first inclusion, the floors heated a year and a half. And when it took to set up an external air temperature sensor I had to wait almost 3 days while the air in the apartment would cool so that the device worked. Therefore, water warm floors with a concrete tie - an ideal solution for creating a heating system.
As it has nowhere to accumulate, then "dry" water floors are quickly warmed, but also quickly cool when the heating is turned off. Such a system can only be used as an additional heat source.
The advantage of "dry" water floors in a short weight of the whole design - they can be arranged if the overlaps are not designed for heavy loads from the screed (for example, on wooden overlaps). Other pros: no "wet" processes, work speed - do cover coating And you can include the heating system immediately after installing pipes, without waiting for a month, or even more, while the concrete screed dry and gains ultimate strength.
The use of the flooring system may be the best solution if it is impossible to increase the level of black floor. In the mansard given as an example, it was necessary to first remove the existing screed to concrete overlap (almost 8 tons), then put the pipe of the warm floor and make a new screed with a thickness of almost 80 mm.
In addition, the use of the flooring system facilitates warm floors with wooden finishcoat.
Such a system is a conventional pEX pipe (stitched polyethylene) with a diameter of 20 mm, inside of which an electric conductor and a coolant is located - non-freezing liquid. The whole design is crimped in factory conditions, the liquid is under pressure.
This system does not require a boiler for heating the coolant, it is heated with electricity. Due to the created pressure, heating is faster and more economical. Unlike water warm floor, the temperature of the coolant is the same over the entire length of the pipe. Of the minuses - the price and limited length of the pipe, because it is sold in the already ready-to-install pieces designed for a specific area of \u200b\u200bthe room.
Both electro-liquid, and capillary options can be mounted in the traditional way (in the screed) or "dry" is the oscillating. Both of these types of warm floors can be used as the main source of heat provided the heat-accumulating screed device over the pipes. it good decision For an apartment where there is no possibility to make classic water warm floors due to centralized heat supply.
It is possible to make a water warm floor in the apartment only if the heating layout is consuming or in each apartment there is an individual boiler. But in a private house there are no such obstacles in the device of water warm floors. If it is impossible, but I really want to, the solution will be the electro-liquid and capillary systems described above.
Now I sit at the table in thick woolen socks, more like felt boots, and I think that in our rebuilt in the future house will definitely be. If only because the main trouble of the village house and chimney heating is a cold floor.
Sooner or later, the issue of the use of modern heating systems will rise to the owner of the housing. This is due to both a constant increase in utility tariffs and their practicality.
In addition, this is not only economically in the financial sense, but also creates comfortable conditions for living. Heating with warm floors is possible with the use of water and electrical systems.
For electric floors, a thinner screed will fit What kind of warm sex to choose, solves the owner of the housing. However, to determine in favor of a certain system of sexual heating: water or electric, it is necessary to clarify all the positive and negative sides of each of them:
Specialists engaged in installing systems in country housesRecommend to apply water system For heating with warm floors. At the same time, they can be used using natural gas, electrical energy, as well as boilers working on wood and solid fuel.
Depending on the structural features of the structure, you can combine the heating systems. In some rooms, apply water heating, and in small, for example, kitchen, bathrooms and toilet rooms apply the electric system of warm floors.
Water heating will require obtaining permits if you live in apartment house, and serious calculations
To apply this type of heating at home, it is better to refer to the specialists who initially develop a thorough project in compliance with all the rules envisaged by SNiP.
Design is necessary in order to calculate the number of necessary component elements, take into account the geometric parameters of each room of the residential building, calculate the optimal temperature and costs of each type of energy to warm up rooms from 20 to 24 degrees.
It is advisable to lay water circuit on the aligned basis Warm floor as the main heating is easiest to install on a concrete sexual basis. To do this, the insulation of fasteners with a thickness of at least 30 mm is placed on a pre-aligned surface.
On top of it the film or multi foil layer is laid on top of which reinforcement grid For fixing the pipes of the heating element.
Damping tape is laid as a mandatory element along the walls around the perimeter of the room. Its width will have to completely overlap the thickness of the flooring with installed system Heating.
Laying contour snake the most simple After laying the heating pipes with a snake or snail, they are displayed to the collector cabinet. Stacking snake is easy to perform, however, the coolant will be significantly cooling at the outlet.
Laying the pipe sniffance complicates the work, but such a way to drop the coolant across the pipe with the same temperature, so in most cases the developers in order to heat the houses with warm floors, it is such a way of laying pipes.
The table shows some data for the water floor device:
Separate specialists are practicing the use of a combined pipe layout system based on the floor. After fixing the tubes, they are flooded with a special solution and are hidden by the finish coating.
Put on the draft floor chipboard with grooves under the pipeline
Most difficult to perform water heating in wooden houses, as well as buildings in which wooden floors are installed. This is explained by the fact that the pipeline for which the coolant will circulate, it is not necessary to have a cement screed. It is placed on top of the draft floor, which is made of boards or sheets of wood or cement-chipboard.
The draft floor is covered with special modules of wood plates, in which special grooves for laying pipes are cut.
However, this is expensive pleasure, and the folk craftsmen offered to use rails that are stuffed on the draft floor, forming the necessary channels for placing the pipeline.
For the manufacture of rails, both the board and wood plates are used. The width of the guide rail corresponds to the distance between the heating pipes. Detailed instructions on water floor arrangement on wooden coating See this video:
After fastening the pipes to chernovoy semi The whole design that makes up a warm floor, as the main heating, is closed with a finish coating of a fugged floorboard or a maximum thickness laminate.
Film floor is most convenient in montage
Market building materials Offers owners Heating with warm floors without radiator by installing various systems For the arrangement of electrical sex heating. They are installed only on a concrete sexual basis.
To choose the most optimal view electric heating residential building or apartment, the technical characteristics of heating systems and the most residential premises should be taken into account.
The idea of \u200b\u200bheating the dwellings by heating floors was successfully implemented a few thousand years ago. In the ancient Empires of Europe and Asia, the floors were equipped with branching channels through which heated flue gases from the furnaces passed. The concept of a warm floor turned out to be so successful that in an improved form applied in our time. Moreover, the popularity of warm floors is steadily growing, as such systems become more compact, cheaper, more efficient and safer. Now, of course, you do not need to build a stone tunnels for chimneys under the legs - warmly transmitting heating electric cable Or use more economical water floors of heating. Features of this version of water heating should be considered more.
The floor heating system is a network of pipelines, which are located inside the construction structure of the floor. The pipes circulates the heat carrier (water or non-freezing liquid), with a temperature during the heating period of about 40 ºС. Warm pipes heat the massive tie of the floor in which the finish flooring is concreted. The source of thermal energy can be a centralized network or local heating with any type of heat generating device. The heated mass of the floor, in fact, together with the pipelines in one big heating device, gives heat to the room by convection of air masses and thermal radiation. Water heating of the floor can be used as an addition to radiators or as the main and unique.
The diagram is clearly visible the difference in temperature distribution at the height of the room during radiator (left) and underground (right) heating
Warm floor from water heating is not only a working pipeline. Here it is necessary in the complex to consider the entire pie, starting from the bearing base under the insulation and ending with the finish coating.
The heating of the room provides a massive screed and floor covering, the insulation prevents energy leakage.
Water heating highway can be laid in two ways:
Concrete performs the best heat distributor element, monolithic screed works completely. Its optimal thickness is determined by the balance of the strength characteristics and whenever possible warming, the recommended value is 5 cm. If a hard insulation is used (foam glass), there is no need for reinforcement, there is a probability of drawdown (foam, EPPS) - a metal grid should be laid. To improve the characteristics of concrete and facilitate the laying process in the cement-sand mixture, add a plasticizer. In order to avoid the formation of cracks as a result of temperature expansion, the screed is separated by continuous deformation seams on the area of \u200b\u200bno more than 40 m2 and with a length of one of the parties not higher than 8 m.
In the precast dry tie pipes are located in the grooves of molded expanded polystyrene or in the upper layers of bulk materials. In frame floors, they are stacked on the cut or profiled metal plates between lags. After they are closed with sheets of GVL, OSP and finishing coating. It must be said that heated floors in wooden structures less effective than in concrete screed.
To evenly distribute heat in the prefabricated wooden structures, often use metal plates with a deepening for styling pipes
For laying loop lights in the best way fit flexible metal plastic pipes and stitched polyethylene pipes. They are produced in the bays, which allows you to lay the sections of a large length without junctions. The material is thermostable, the lung in the installation is durable and even tolerate freezing with water.
Warm floor pipes in order not to exceed the intelligent amount of hydraulic resistance, divided into separate areas (contours) as possible the same length, not exceeding 80 m. The distance between the pipes is determined heat engineering, minimum - 50 mm, the maximum is not limited. The optimal step is 100-250 mm. Installation is made with a distance of 100-300 mm. Wiring of heating pipes in the floor by configuration, as a rule, refers to one of the four types, this is:
Note! The distance between the pipes is not always uniform, in the zones vulnerable to cold it can be less - for example, near the outdoor walls of the cottage
Depending on the type of construction, the fastening of the pipeline is carried out in several ways:
Pipe switching is carried out through distribution manifolds. If you need to connect several rooms to heating, then the corresponding wardrobe is located in the center of the house. There are:
In the closet, connections are connected to the main heating highways.
Insulating materials It is necessary that the heat flux is directed up into the room. Fit plates from foamed polymers and foam glass, in frame floors and mineral wool. IN concrete floors The insulation, in addition to high heat resistance, should have sufficient carrying ability, absorb noise. As a rule, substrates density 30-40 kg / m 3 are used, often with a rigid outer layer. If at the bottom is the heated room, then the thickness of the insulating sheet can be at least 20 mm (better than 50mm), the cold overlap or the soil need to isolate better, for the middle strip of Russia is at least 100 mm, better - more.
Note! More practical (and roads) insulating plates with a terrain for laying pipes.
The damper tape of foamed polyethylene is pasted around the perimeter of the room and on any stationary structures. It allows the screed to extend freely when heated. The thickness of this tape should be more than 6 mm, height is no less than the height of the entire floor cake. The same tape is placed in deformation seams.
In the floors on the ground and in other potentially wet bases are organized waterproofing.
Water warm floor working as the main heating should fully compensate for the heat loss in the room. To do this, it is necessary to estimate the insulating characteristics of the enclosing structures: walls, overlappings, windows and doors, determine the heat loss of the building on separate premises. Seasonal temperature fluctuations for a specific climatic zone are taken into account.
Installation of Water Heating Water Heating Truck ready project It is capable of producing a neat nonspecialist with initial technical knowledge, but in order to collectively collect a collective shield and connect the connection, you need to have professional skills and have an expensive specialized tool at your disposal. We also recommend not engaged independent design Such systems, since the error price will be too high.
