So that your home accommodation is comfortable and cozy, the equipment of the sewage drain is obligatory. It is more convenient to connect to central system Calicizing the city, then you will avoid various problems and worries. But it is not always possible to implement. Therefore, owners of private houses or cottages are forced to equip special cesspools on their sites. It can solve the problem, however, there are some nuances. If it is technologically correctly done, it will cost you such a hole expensive, and the labor costs will be large. Moreover, it is almost unrealistic to ensure perfect tightness in cement-brick structures. On the territory of Russia, in the middle strip, groundwater are quite high, so all the contents will constantly on the surface of the site, polluting it and distributing it unpleasant odors. That is why special containers came to replace the usual cesspools, which are designed to collect and store waste. These containers are large tanks and tanks, in which waste is hermetically stored until the tank is cleaned. From this article, you can learn how to install a sewage container on your site yourself.
If we talk about the types of such tanks, there are two of them:
Septic is not just a tank in which sewage drains are collected and stored, there are partial filtering in it. When wastewater goes into a septic tank, through the pipe they fall into the first sewage treatment chamber, where they disintegrate into various separate fractions. Large solid particles are settled at the bottom, and small elements with water are moved to another chamber, where they are "attack" bacteria. In these cells, fermentation processes occur, as a result of which methane is highlighted. In the third compartment, this water is partially filtered and enters the ground. That is why in some localities to put septic tsitchka.
The storage tanks are simply completely sealed and remind a large tank or a barrel for storing anything, and the seeping of waste from the sewage to the ground is excluded. It turns out that it is possible to use such containers in any terrain. The distinctive features of such tanks include their shape and size. They are made both vertical and horizontal shape, and also have rectangular or cylindrical execution. If we talk about their capacity, then the finished products may contain a sufficiently large volume - from 1 to 150 m 3 of fluid. These designs are equipped with two holes:
Most often, such a product is set below the ground level, having previously dug a special pit, where the unit is placed. Thanks to this you can save general form Plot and precious place that can be used for other purposes.
It is worth noting that before buying a reservoir you need to decide what material to buy a product. After all, much depends on this. To help you with this, let's look at what materials these are and what is the advantage of each of them.
Depending on the material that is used, all sewage containers can be divided into such types:
Each material has its advantages and disadvantages that we will discuss now.
The most common containers can be called. They have a large number of advantages about which we will talk later, and thanks to them are so popular. In addition to the volume, they do not have any restrictions for the collection of efflaves. All that is required of you is to install, after which the unit is ready to perform the tasks. It pleases that the installation is very easy to do this for this, special heavy artillery will not need, it is enough to use strong men's hands. What are the advantages of such models:
Such tanks occupy an honorable second place to use for collecting and storing sewage waste. Although earlier such structures were used more often, since many industrial enterprises Obtained, and to get such barrels was very simple. The peculiarity of their installation is related to the fact that the tanks are very heavy, so they will need to hire a lifting crane for their installation. If you want to do everything with your own hands - this will not work. Take this in the calculation, since it will be necessary to pay for the rental of heavy equipment. Moreover, some expenses should be isolated for sealing means, since immediately before installation, all weld seams should be processed. Due to this, you can achieve good sealing, and wastewater should not fall into the ground.
The main advantage of metal tanks is that they are durable and reliable. It is hard to damage: they move the mechanical impact and load well. But there are still much minuses:
A concrete containers are used to collect and storing waste. If earlier it would be appropriate, then today, when we have other materials that have excellent properties and are better suited for this purpose - concrete is significantly inferior. And this is mainly binding to the properties of the material itself. Concrete is just helpless against moisture and water, which simply destroys it. That is why it will not be for a long time to serve such a tank. At the same time, on its equipment you will spend a significant amount of money and effort. Also, as in the case of metal products, a special technique will be required to install concrete structures. Speaking separately about any pluses and minuses is not worth it, because with this everything is clear. Today, concrete structures are practically not used.
What material for storing waste to choose is a purely personal business. You can compare the pros and cons of one or another type and highlight the best. But if we speak frankly, then plastic structures are the most profitable. All you need is to calculate the required volume, buy an aggregate and install it, that's all! Easy, simple and reliable! Such tanks will serve you faithfully for many years, and they do not need constant care. Let's look at how to choose the plastic reservoir correctly so that it is convenient and served for a long time.
So, deciding to use the plastic reservoir for storing waste, first of all you need to go to a specialized store and purchase such an aggregate. But how to choose the best way? What are the criteria for choosing? Let's find out.
Given all the recommendations, you can buy a container that fully satisfies your needs and which would serve for a long time and reliably. Now that everything is ready, you can start assembly workwhich you can do yourself.
All the essence of the work is that you need to dug a big pit for the tank and bury it. Everything comes down to land, for which you need to stock such tools:
Having everything required tools, you can go to preparatory stages. Often they are divided into 3 categories:
The tools have already figured out. As for the volume of the tank, as mentioned above, there is a special formula, thanks to which you can decide which volume is needed. This formula looks like this:
V \u003d n × x × V day.,
For example, to figure out, let's imagine a family that consists of 3 members. For 1 person per day, approximately 150 liters of wastewater. You want your tank to be cleared every two months, that is, every 60 days. Now it turns out:
Using the calculator, you can immediately determine that your desired volume is 27,000 liters. It turns out that the tank is not less suitable for your needs than 27 m 3, which you have to clean once every two months. You can only substitute your numbers and make certain conclusions.
Note! Calculate the volume of the tank is quite simple. Although if you neglect this moment, it may lead to negative consequences.
Now you need to choose appropriate place On your site. Just poke your finger on any site you like - incorrect tactics. There are special requirements for the placement of the tank, which must be followed:
All you can directly before work - choose the place and start on the installation. This is now now!
One of the important advantages of plastic products is the simplicity of installation. Even if you do not have proper experience in construction work And a locksmith, you can do everything with your own hands. All you need - suitable tools, following instructions, some help of a friend or relative and, in fact, desire! Let's divide all the work into several stages so that you feel more convenient and clearer:
On this, all the works are completed, and your tank is ready for operation. If everything is correct and set the container as it follows, it will serve you for many years, making your stay in the home comfortable and enjoyable.
And so that you can know when it is time to clean the container, you can use a signal float. Some products include such an item, but if you do not have it - it does not matter. It can be done with your own hands. To realize the idea of \u200b\u200blife, take a steel bar, a bright ball of foam, aquarium suction cup and glue "Liquid nails". So, first apply the markup scale on the rod. Better - if it is luminescent paint.. At the end of the steel rod, place the suction cup that needs to be glued to the bottom. So the rod reliably fixes and does not hurt the bottom. Well, at the end of the rod, you need to put a bright ball, which will move freely on your made scale. Place the float so that by opening the lid, you could immediately see where your ball is located. It will indicate the number of content.
As you can see, equip a container for collecting sewage waste is not as hard. All work can be easily accomplished independently without the help of professionals who, by the way, would take decent money with you for this service. It is advisable to use such a plastic reservoir, the material has a large number of advantages, and such a design will last long enough. This can be said, an intermediate solution between a cesspool and septic, and it is justified from an ecological point of view.
The following video is demonstrated by the installation of plastic sewage tank:
Each house for a comfortable stay is required to bring water and equip the sewer for its drain. The most convenient option is to connect the household external sewage to the central system, which is not always done. In this case, sewage containers are used to collect and wastewater treatment.
Cumulative sewage tank is a large tank equipped with two holes:
In most cases, such an aggregate is set below the ground level. This allows you to preserve the aesthetic type of site and space for other purposes.
For water drain equipment in a modern outer sewer system, accumulative containers will apply. Installing the device does not require possession of certain skills, but Baku requires timely cleaning, which is carried out.
Depending on the sewer tanks used for the production of material are divided into:
Tanks made from various types of plastic are the most popular.
Plastic sewage containers have a number of advantages over units produced from other materials:
Second place to use after plastic occupy metal tanks for sewage.
Such equipment is heavier than plastic. To install it, you will need to use a lifting crane. It will not work independently install a metal container.
Before installing, in order to avoid sewage to enter the ground, all connecting seams are needed to carefully treat sealant.
In order to maximize the equipment from possible corrosion, the container and inside and outside are covered with protective anti-corrosion material, which significantly extends the service life of the tank. As such a material, persistent paint can be used, for example, enamel of HD-785.
Currently, for sewage effluents are used quite rare. First of all, this is associated with the property of the material used.
Concrete is quickly destroyed from strong and constant humidity. Accordingly, sewer containers from concrete serve little time. But the cost of installing such an aggregate is a lot. Because of the high weight, the tank cannot be installed without the use of special equipment.
Thus, for small private networks, it is advisable to use plastic containers for sewage.
To install the sewer tank independently necessary:
Before installing all the outdoor sewer system It is necessary to determine the volume of sewage container.
Volume necessary equipment Depends:
Specialists have developed a universal formula for calculating the volume of sewage capacity:
V \u003d n * x * vcwhere
For example, 3 people constantly live in the house. It is assumed that the sewer capacity will be cleared every 30 days.
V \u003d 30 days * 3 people * 200 liters per day \u003d 18000 liters, that is, the tank should be a volume of at least 18 m³.
Calculation of the volume of the sewer tank is quite simple. But neglect of this procedure will lead to negative consequences.
At the next stage of the equipment of the sewer system, it is necessary to determine the place in which the container will be located for sewage drain. When choosing a placement location, follow the following rules:
The most optimal distance from the house to the unit is 6 meters.
To independently set the sewer container:
Properly selected and installed sewage container will serve for a long time.
Cumulative sewage tank is simple decision For household systems. Install the tank is not difficult and does not require special skills.
Sewerage in the country do it yourself - Here is a plan for the summer for many dachensons. And if you enter their number and do not have a clear idea of \u200b\u200bthe capabilities of the autonomous sewage device, then this article is for you. It will not be discussed by a rare possibility of joining the central networks, as it is rare even in elite villages.
Principle village pit: On the site, dripped with straight walls. The pit must be sufficient, the walls are necessarily strengthened (the formation of concrete walls with a formwork or plastering on the grid). At the bottom of the pit often laid crushed stone, thanks to which a cesspool can be called a single-chamber septic.
Norms of the device. The use of a cesspool for the sewage house is regulated by several basic rules, including:
This option of devices It is similar to the previous one, except that the stacks and bottom of the tank are completely sealed. Wastewater Stored in the container before calling the assessing machine.
Principle of operation: A cumulative hermetic container is installed on the plot, in which household drains flow into the cesspool.
Advantages over the cesspool in the country:
|
|
Conclusion: the use of accumulative capacity more modern solutionthan the construction of a cesspool. However, its device is advisable not in all cases and, taking into account the fact that you agree to pump it more often than a cesspool.
If the previous options are not suitable for any reason, then it is possible that the lookup will be a solution to the organization of the toilet in the country with their own hands. Note that in this case there is no full-fledged sewage. There is only a solution for the toilet.
The principle of operation of the beyatuette: it has a tank for the reception of waste, in which deodorization occurs and the cleansing of wastewater. As a rule, the biotage has a second tank, which is filled with clean water (manually or from water supply). Water serves for flushing liquid waste into the bottom tank. As there are existence different kinds Biotales, it is necessary to separately describe the principle of action of each:
|
|
This type of sewerage in the country is the most modern and environmentally friendly.
Note: Septic can also be called a simple plastic tank, and a container in which the accumulation of wastewater occurs. Septic tank can be made at the factory or implemented using traditional building materials - reinforced concrete rings, brick masonry, monolithic chipping of reinforced concrete walls, etc.
Principle of operation: Septic is a container divided into sections (1-3) a container in which the accumulation, upholding and cleaning of the effluent with special bacteria. The result of this process is precipitated and clarified drains, purified by 50%, which need further purification, which can be carried out artificial and naturally.
Sepage with natural cleaning |
Sepage with artificial cleaning |
|
Natural septic tanks are underground sumps, which consists of two chambers - two connected at the top of the wells or a ready-made plastic container with two compartments. The first compartment takes advantage of the sewage and the loss of the residue. The liquid part of the sewage moves into the second compartment. There are organic compounds in it with bacteria. The clarified structures are displayed in the filter wells or on the filtration fields - go into the ground, where their subsequent cleansing occurs. For a family of 5 people will be enough fields in 30m2. If on the site inappropriate soil, for example, sandy or loam, then the filtering field is necessary to build an artificial layer of sand and rubble. At the same time, the filtering field is unacceptable to use when groundwater occurred at a depth of 2.5 meters from the surface. In this case, the filtering field can be built in the country with their own hands in the embankment, the height of which is calculated from groundwater. Having passed through the thickness of the filtering field, purified estones are collected in the receivers pipes and follow them into the switchgear and then into the ditch. Instead of filtration field, a filtration well can be used |
If the use of septicity with natural wastewater treatment is impractical due to the occurrence of unsuitable soil types or high groundwater sitting, then a septic with artificial cleaning can help. Install such sewage in the country with your own hands is also quite simple. And the cleansing of the drains after passing the sump passes with the help of biofilter and aerotank. Biofilter - a container in which the aerobic bacteria purify the drains. Aerotenk is the same bio filter, but it uses a pump that serves to pass through the oxygen liquid and reducing the reaction. Keep in mind that the use of microorganisms suggest regular use. If the operation of the offline installation is a break in two weeks, then your microflora private sewage May die and cleansing effluents will be impossible without making special bacteria. |
Conclusion: The options described above will help in 60% of cases and will become excellent. autonomous sewage in the country.
Now I will give the most thoughtful and economical option, which will block 40%. This is a well under septic, similar to its device with a cesspool and a septic with natural cleaning (if the well is arranged on sandily soil, then 1m2 bandwidth is 100 liters; If the soils are under the well, then the bandwidth is 50 liters). The filter well can be arranged from a w / b well or brick, in the walls there must be holes with a total area of \u200b\u200b10%, and the bottom is arranged from gravel, sand and rubble. These materials for drainage are falling asleep sinuses like a well.
1.
2.
3.
Since due to this, the size of the cesspool is limited, then the use of metal barrels is permissible only on dumart siteswhere it is not planned to live constantly, and the amount of stock will be small. A small tank for sewage will be inappropriate in the house in which several people constantly live.
The main advantage metal tanks - It is high strength, so that they can withstand serious mechanical loads.
However, they have much more flaws, because of which their use is limited:
The advantages of barrels made of polymeric materials:
However, such containers have a significant disadvantage - despite the large volume, they have a slight weight. For this reason, the reservoir can be pushed to the surface under the influence of groundwater or frosty soil. Therefore, the plant septica requires that the tank of the sewer is well fixed.
The sewer plastic barrel is installed in a pre-prepared kitty, its sizes must be greater than the tank. Due to this, if necessary, it turns out to insulate the design and securely fasten the barrel. The depth of the pit should be such that the receiving opening and the undermining sewage pipe were on the same level.
How to burn a barrel for the sewer, the procedure:
Sewerage from the barrels with their own hands is quite simple, which makes it possible to save on the services of specialists. In the event that the barrel was securely fixed, as well as all the requirements regarding the installation, including the manufacturer's recommendations, then the container may stop several dozen years.
Drainage and drainage will remove excess water or in a special drive, or just beyond the site. Cumulative tank for sewage in the country or in a private house is necessary element drainage and drainage system.
The accumulative container is a well designed to defend and accumulate sewage from sewage. The main purpose of this reservoir is not just the accumulation of drain, but environmental protection against pollution.
The classification is made according to the materials from which the well is manufactured, and the tank. Cumulative containers for the organization of sewage are plastic, concrete and metal. Plastic are the most convenient to use and easy to install. They are light, durable, are not damaged under the influence of water, but, while there are some disadvantages.
In particular, plastic is amenable to deformation under the influence of pressure of land. To avoid it, they are installed either in advancely prepared pitted with fixed walls, or placed in a metal casing (grid of fittings).
There are such tanks:
The concrete well is a standard drain pit. It is very rarely distinguished by drains for future use. Mostly such drives are placed under the ground. They are:
Ideal for organizing the work of a storm or drainage systemThey are very easy to equip them. There are two installation options: Buy the finished concrete container or dug the pit, make a formwork in it and pour the container on it. Can be made from reinforced concrete rings, square forms. One of the main disadvantages of concrete drives is a limited service life - they begin to collapse after 10 years of use (for comparison, plastic serves to 50).
Metal tanks must be additionally protected from corrosion with special colors or enamels. They are considered more comfortable than concrete, but less practical than plastic. In particular, they cannot be installed without additional assistance.
Photo: Metal Drive Also capacity can be of different types location. They can be installed vertically or horizontally. Vertical drainage container is used in the sections of a narrow form, where there is no possibility to prepare extensive pit for the drive. Horizontal are standard and applied on any possible types of sites.
Before buying a cumulative sewage tank, you need to calculate its required volume. Many factors are taken into account to obtain the most accurate results. The most important of them is the number of living in the house. On average, one adult man in a day is used 200 liters of water, in certain cases, this indicator can reach up to 500 and higher.
Another one an important indicator is the term of purification autonomous System. On average, the wells need to be purified from water every 30 days, but, depending on how much the drive owns, this period can be increased to 3 months. We give an example of calculating for a family of two, consuming 300 liters of water per day for each:
300 * 2 \u003d 600 liters, precisely as much daily merges into the tank.
Suppose it is planned to clean the reservoir no more than 1 time in 60 days. So:
600 * 60 \u003d 36,000 liters - an exemplary capacity of the cumulative well. 1 cubic - 1000 liters, which means you need to look for a drive at least 36 cubes. Such models are often provided by manufacturers of plastic tanks.
Please note that if there is a child in the family, it is better to consider the volume consumed by them, as for an adult - then the tank will be with a margin. Also, when choosing a drive, experts pay attention to buyers to the fact that the maximum water level in the container should be not higher than 1 meter to the lid.
The price of installation of cumulative tanks for sewage depends on the type and area of \u200b\u200bthe device, the place of residence and features of the work. On average, they are asking for up to 20 dollars for installing a small well.
