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Verified by centuries People's wisdom reads that the head needs to be kept in the cold, and the legs are warm for the owners of housing on the ground floor as any other relevant. These people do not know what consequences may be, if the floor is not inspired on time. Failure to the smell of dampness, constant colds in children and general discomfort in the house is only part of such problems. In this article, I decided to dwell on how to warm the floors on the first floor in the urban apartment and in a private house.
The insulation for the first floor floors in principle can be used any. Here you need to look at your financial opportunities, professional skills and of course, for what basis the material is selected. One thing is the insulation of the floor of the first floor in wooden house And completely different, arrangement concrete slab In the urban apartment. I selected the most popular materials and combined them in the table.
| Type of insulation | Dignity | disadvantages |
| Plates of mineral wool (slag, basalt wool) |
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| Plates of foaming |
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| Plates of extruded polystyrene foam (Penopelex) |
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| Keramzit (bulk material, is porous granules of burnt clay) |
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| Wood sawdust mortar with cement |
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| Liquid insulation. (Polyurethane foam and foamizole) |
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Since the wooden and concrete basis in their characteristics are quite different, respectively, and the methods of their arrangement will be different. Next, in order not to dump everything in one "bunch", each instruction will be considered separately.
The concrete overlapping of the first floor in apartment buildings from below, in the overwhelming majority of cases borders not heated, and often even a wet basement. Therefore, I am convinced that you need to start work with insulation in the basement. Thus, you will completely renounce moisture access and at least half will make your half warmer.
If you are glued to the mounting foam, then consider the fact that it expands greatly, so every 15 - 20 minutes the slab will need to press to the ceiling. Usually the extension lasts about one and a half hours.
Some masters prefer to mount the foam on the ceiling in the basement of 2 layers, with a shift relative to each other. Explaining it by the fact that it turns out a more dense monolith, without gaps. I believe it is too much. More precisely, in the case when the front insulation of the house is mounted, this measure is justified, and in the basement it is an extra spending of material, time and strength.
For an ordinary dry basement, this will be quite enough. But if water is worth in the basement, then I recommend making additional waterproofing the ceiling. This procedure also costs it inexpensively.
You will need to take the glue "Liquid nails" or any like, apply it with a spatula on a foam and caile the ceiling by technical polyethylene. So Polyethylene did not fall off before glue grabbing, it can be shot to the foam staples in places.
Opinions of specialists about whether it is necessary to mount the so-called outdoor insulation of the underground in wooden houses, diverge. Personally, I believe that it will not be worse from this. So you will not only warm the underground from below, but also protect wood from dampness.
It is necessary to act on the described technology. Only here is the meaning of the foam in addition to the glue to fix on the draft layer with plastic umbrella dowels. This is due to the fact that the tree is a lively material, and when it starts "walking", the sheets can turn off.
For a beginner wizard, this method is considered one of the easiest and clear. The only problem is that the thickness of such insulation starts from 50 to 70 mm. Consequently, in low ceiling apartments it can become a problem.
The insulation of the floor of the first floor in a wooden house, partly reminds the option using a wooden crate. In wooden houses, all inter-storey floors, including on the first floor, are made two-layer.
The design is based on massive wooden lags. It is lowered by the layer of draft floor, and from above, naturally, it is a finite coating. As you probably already guessed, in the middle we will have a heater.
Ceramzite is produced in the three most popular fractions. The sand has a diameter of up to 5 mm, the gravel diameter does not exceed 2 cm, everything that goes beyond these frames is called rubble. So, so that the insulation layer was more dense and monolithic, it is necessary to mix clay gravel gravel or rubble with clay sand in proportion of 1: 1.
Extruded expanded polystyrene is a special modern material, and it is worth telling it separately. Honestly, I believe that as a heater for the floors of the first floor, this material is close to the ideal. Its variations there are several, in our great power it is more famous under the brand name "Penopeleks".
The uniqueness of Polyeplex is that in addition to all other characteristics, it absolutely does not let water, and most importantly has a serious margin of mechanical strength. It is penplex that the automobile highways and runways of airfields are now insulated.
The fact that it can be laid in the crate, I have already mentioned, although, in my opinion, this is too expensive. In the case of the crate, it is possible to do with a dense more than 30 kg / m³ sheets of foam. By the way, they are cheaper at least 2 times. There, after all, the lion's share of the load falls on the supporting bars.
The best penplex showed itself in two cases. This is during the arrangement of the laminate and as a heater under the tie. Thanks to the grooves located around the perimeter of each sheet, such a flooring is mounted quickly and quite hermetically.
If you have already been insulated a basement, then you can safely use the sheets of extruded polystyrene foam thickness of about 30 mm thick. Even in the harsh climate it will be enough. The preparation of the foundation is the same everywhere. Theoretically, Penopelex can not be stacked by a layer of waterproofing, but will not be an error if you are reinsured and shutter with polyethylene.
Penoplas has one weakness, Large loads, it is able to easily endure, only if they are evenly distributed throughout the plane. Point pressure Material may not withstand. Laminate in turn provides uniform distribution of this load.
By the way, by similar technology, you can equip the basis for linoleum or piece parquet. There is also a layer of polyplex, a thin foamed substrate is stacked on it, and for a uniform load distribution instead of laminate mounted or OSB. There are enough sheet thickness up to 10 mm.
As I mentioned, Penopelex, hardly the best way For insulation screed. Moreover, the screed can be both ordinary cement-sand and modern self-leveling.
Important: Penopelex is allowed to assemble exclusively on the smooth floor. Minor, smooth drops in height in the range of 3-4 mm are allowed.
The so-called dry screed is used exclusively for the insulation of the concrete base. At cost, it goes cheaper than many of its competitors. As a basis, a clay mixture is taken there (sand - gravel).
The meaning is that as much as possible along the horizon to align the rash base. After that, it is mounted, on floating technology, hard monolithic flooring. As a flooring, OSB sheets, waterproof GKKL or thick, order of 10 mm plywood are used.
Ideally align the bulk clamzite without a destruction hard enough. Therefore, I recommend first mounting the support lights at the floor.
It is not worth bred in a durable concrete self-drawing here. It is enough to put the lighthouses on the alabastra pyramids. After that, you just fall asleep the room with a clay mixture and distribute it by the Rule of Lighthouses.
Sheet flooring is mounted in 2 layers, as usual with a shift between sheets. This installation will not be much difficulty, there you can safely drive through the screws, they will not damage the claymzit pillow. And notice, such a flooring is called floating because it is not fastened to anything hard. The gap between the wall and the flooring is left within 10 mm.
Now you know how to warm the floors on the first floor correctly. In the photo and video in this article, I placed concomitant information on the topic of floor insulation. If you have any questions left, write them in the comment, I will try to help.
Without additional heat insulation floor becomes the coldest parturban apartment.
In physical laws, warm air rises up, replacing cold. This effect is aggravated by the location of the urban apartment over the cold cellars, unheated premises.
In addition to unpleasant sensations, cold floors are unsafe for health, especially if there are small children in the family.
Typical cold floors for accommodation On the first floor in Old residential fund. This is due to insufficient thermal insulation of basement.
In such houses, measures were not taken to improve waterproofing, so it pulls and damp.
In new buildings, concrete overlap between apartments and technical premises, underground low-level garages specially not insisted. The underground level is most often heated.
The floors in the apartments (linoleum, laminate) are stacked directly on the concrete overlap, without having an air layer.
Apartments of the first floor suffer most of all from the cold, giving heat upper rooms and not receiving heat feeding from below. Best ways Insulation becomes active (using heat of electricity, water) warm floors. In many cases, there is enough to improve laying the heat insulating layer.
All technology reconstruction technologies with bulk, sheet, block thermal insulators are based on the principle of creating an artificial obstacle from materials with low thermal conductivity.
When planning insulation you need count their weightvolume, method of placement.
The most popular design under the wooden floor of the additional volume in which the heat insulators are stacked.
Simple designs are built on the laying under the floor wooden carcass (Lag), between which the heat insulator is placed.
A new floor is put on the outer surface of the lag.
The disadvantage of this method becomes significant reducing useful volumeapartments - when the floor reconstruction, its height can increase to ten centimeters.
For old apartments, the accurate calculation of the heat insulator weight, which can be excessive for worn overlaps is required.
The list of thermal insulation materials used in construction, repair technologies is quite large.
In economy, simplicity of installation Best heat insulators relate:
In modern practice, bulk thermal insulators are practically no applied. The most ancient of them, wood sawdust - is subject to rotting, mold, dangerous in the fireplace.
Not bad thermal insulation properties of ceramzita Levels are leveled by the large weight of bulk material.
Warm leafy materials, liquid ceramic thermal insulators showed themselves perfectly, but roads.
Fiberglass materials are pretty severe, capable of knocked into lumps, cause allergies.
Pretty roads I. Mineral Wat Plates. The thermal insulation properties are provided by the low thermal conductivity of the fibers from the melt of volcanic basalts, diabase, porphyritis.
Thin fibers are fastened with phenol formaldehyde binders, improve sound insulation, durable, durable.
For simple independent insulation, the most acceptable synthetic thermal insulators, from the extensive range of which you can make your own choice.
Wooden frame frame (Wooden Rosek) make enough simple. Their size is chosen on the basis of the thickness of the insulation.
In addition to the heat insulator, lag will need:
The bottom layer of waterproofing is laid on the concrete base, after which lagows are fixed to concrete.
The step between lags may depend on the cutting of the heat insulator, optimal is considered distance between Brucki in 60 centimeters. Lags in apartments over wet basements can be additionally treated with water-repellent impregnation.
The heat insulator is placed in the gaps, which is covered with an outer layer of polyethylene from above.
At the lag attaching wooden base floor (Clean flooring). The walls are left ventilation gaps.
Warm Water floors In urban apartments, they are rarely equipped, demanding a device autonomous heating, large volume of installation work, calculating the design by weight.
More rational electric thermal, infrared heated poloin. Warm floors with electric heating minimally take the useful space, do not require complete reconstruction.
Significant the cost of electrical heat (about $ 100 per square meter) often forces the inhabitants to equip them only cold plumbing rooms, although the stack is possible throughout the apartment.
Apartments located on the first floor, stronger than other apartments in the house suffer from moisture and cold. This is associated with direct contact. outdoor coating With a slab overlap, which separates the apartment from the unheated basement. As a result, the floor all the time is colder than the air in the apartment and if in the summer it is not so noticeable, then in winter such a cold floor will cool the entire room, besides provoking the appearance of dampness.
Therefore, for the normal temperature of the floor covering, it is necessary to warm the floors. You can make it possible to repair with your own hands or with the help of hired workers. The essence of the insulation of the floor lies in laying a layer or several layers of isolation, to the overlap between the basement and the apartment. In addition, vaporizolation is needed, since due to the temperature difference, the appearance of condensate is inevitable, and the moisture has a negative effect on insulating materials. Next we will look at various options insulation, insulation, tell about the materials, prices, and explain how to make all the work with your own hands.
Polystyrene foam, better known as foam or its modified fellow Penoplex has excellent thermal insulation properties, low weight and easy to use. There is also extruded polystyrene foam. His difference from the usual, in waterproof. If the usual polystyrene foam can absorb some amount of fluid and deform because of this when temperatures drops, its more technological appearance is almost completely waterproof. The only minus of polystyrene is in combustion.
This bulk material has an attractive price and is universal. Can be used with dry floor screed or stirring cement mortar. Also with it, you can arrange a floating screed with your own hands.
In contrast to the ceramisite, the polystyrene bapton requires a much smaller layer to create acceptable insulating properties. It can be placed almost everything, including tiles. In addition, it has excellent noise insulation properties. More about this material you will learn from video
Mineral wool, as well as glass gamble - one of the most popular insulation, which is made in the form of tiles or rolls. The advantages include thermal insulation properties, an acceptable price and steam absorption. The disadvantages are a dangerous composition. When installing with your own hands, it is necessary to use respirators and avoid entering open parts of the body. Therefore, mineral wool and glass wool need careful insulation so that the dust does not penetrate the room.
Cork material is perhaps the most expensive on our list. It is environmentally friendly, durable and moisthable. It can be used even with finishing, because in addition to its insulation properties, it looks beautifully as an finishing coating. Of the disadvantages, you can note the instability to cuts and other mechanical damage.
Made on the basis of cellulose, which means it is environmentally friendly and not dangerous to health. It has high heat and noise insulation properties, but does not tolerate moisture. Therefore, it is used on sites where there is no risk of contact with moisture. Read more about the advantages and disadvantages of eco-houses, see the video
This is liquid polystyrene foam, about all the advantages of which we talked above. The favorable difference between the liquid form of such a material, in the ability to penetrate the most uncomfortable places.
The installation option of the warm floor is becoming more popular. Pulls only its cost. There are several variations:
Water warm floor, heats with communications with hot water Under the rough floors. The electric warm floor is installed also and heated by converting electricity to heat. Infrared - the most modern, easiest option and it can be laid with your own hands without attracting specialists. Thin elements of the warm floor are stacked under the finishing flooring. Only this type of floor can be implemented with their own hands, without special skills.
If the apartment is on the first floor, then most likely under it basement. An obvious solution when heating the floor will repair the basement, if there is no need to repair the apartment inside the apartment. In this case, the big plus will be the fact that the floor in the apartment will not rise, and also, if the repair has already been made, then you do not have to open the floor and redo the reservoir. When insulating from the basement, there is no need for a neat finishing, which makes it possible to perform work with your own hands, even inexperienced builder.
As a material for such a repair, the usual polystyrene foam or mineral wool is best suited, but its installation is more laborious and the price is higher.
If your choice fell on mineral wool, lags from a bar are installed on the ceiling, with a step less on 5cm than the width of the insulation so that the wool is more dense. The last step of repair will be installed on top of the insulation on the lags of plywood sheets, for greater reliability.
Before repairing the insulation of floors with their own hands, it is necessary to calculate how highly the floors can be lifted. The higher - the more thick layers of insulation can be used.
The apartment on the first floor is located above the basement, from which dampness and cold penetrate the floor through the concrete slab overlapping. Increased humidity, nasty smell, fungus and uncomfortable floor temperature - with these problems the tenants face every day until they decide to perform thermal insulation concrete base.
The external thermal insulation of the base is always effective and does not take away the space in the room. In the total basement, it is necessary to determine and celebrate the area of \u200b\u200bits apartment. Under the conditions of raw room, a moisture-resistant insulation is a polystyrene foam or foam. The layer thickness for warm regions is 10 cm, for cold - 15 cm. Thermal insulation occurs according to the following technology:
As a heater, you can use mineral wool, but you will need to make more effort. For the material it is necessary to fix the crate, lay waterproofing and close all moisture-resistant plywood.
Fighting with penetrating cold start with embellishment of slots at the base. For their sealing, a mounting foam is used, it can be treated with a mix between the floor and the wall. Get rid of dampness in the apartment on the first floor will allow careful waterproofing. With high humidity, the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe floor is covered with coating or penetrating insulation. After that, a polyethylene film with a thickness of 200 microns is spilled. The edges of the canvas must enter the walls to the height of 15-20 cm. The film is stacked with overlap of adjacent strips of 10-15 cm, the joints are sealed with construction tape.
Floor insulation in the apartment can be in several ways:
Arbolit or lightweight concrete from a mixture of cement and wood fillers is an affordable and high-quality version of thermal insulation. It is an eco-friendly, durable, non-combustible and durable. The lack of insulation is to increase the floor by 10 cm and the drying time up to 25 days.
The use of lag for thermal insulation will also raise the base. The work is performed in stages:
Heat the concrete floor in a short time will allow a dry screed that does not need to dry out. On the dressing waterproofing, the grainsite of the fine fraction or sand is poured, the breed is distributed to a flat layer of 5 cm and is torn. Moisture-resistant drywall in two rows or special panels "Superfield Knauf" are laid on the insulation, the thickness of which is 20 mm. Sheets glued and processed by putty. The coating has a low thermal conductivity, protects against noise and moisture, safely and does not require wet processes. Parquet, linoleum, laminate are spilled on the dryweed.
The polystyrene is highly density and durability, it will become a reliable and warm base for the floor. Plates are placed by the rotor so that the load is uniformly distributed. The joints between them are closed by mounting foam. The material is covered with a metal reinforcing mesh and poured a layer of cement screed with a height of 5 cm.
The device of the warm floor system is the optimal option for an apartment on the first floor, it will save the room from dampness and at any time will increase the coating temperature to a comfortable level.
Here you can arrange a water, electric or film floor. The system is placed on the base, insulated by expanded polystyrene. Under it is spilled foil material reflecting the side into the room. Water and electric cable floor are stisting, and infrared film is placed under the finish coating.
Wood has less thermal conductivity than concrete, but on the first floor and it seems cold and wet. Before removing the coating boards, you need to select the insulation. Usually the basalt wool is taken, it preserves warmly, absorbs the noise, does not rot and does not attract rodents, it is safe for fire.
Ceramzite - natural bulk material for thermal insulation, it has a little weight and affordable price, quickly and just fit. It is possible to use polystyrene foam, the material is durable, resistant to moisture and loads, but its cost is higher than the remaining insulation.
The process of isolation of a wooden base consists of several stages:
Properly performing heat and waterproofing of the floor in the apartment, you will for a long time for the moisture and cold.
Few people thought about how to insulate the floor in the apartment of the panel house. Yes, and why is it necessary? Usually there are no problems with cold in such buildings. However, apartment owners on the first floor do not know what cold floors are. Not always, basement rooms comply with technical requirements and often requires additional heat insulation to maintain a positive microclimate.
You need to start with what will be better if the heat insulation of the floor of the first floors is paved outside. That is, from the basement. Remembering the experience of the insulation of the walls in panel house, Laying the insulation on the floor in the apartment is fraught with loss of free space and displacement of the dew point inside concrete. Although the second minus is not too relevant in this case. The heat-insulating gasket will mostly fight with cold air and there will be no other effects of the snow and rain on it.
Often make the external insulation of the floor is problematic because the basements are usually distinguished for private needs. But if the space is not occupied, then brave the floor, having previously coordinated with managing Company.
But, nevertheless, often such manipulations are impossible. In this case, you need to know how to warm the floor inside the room correctly. Here the fundamental role is played by the choice of material. Before laying insulation to the floor, you need to determine which thickness of the material will be less affected by the loss of space. The insulator must be selected as low as possible, but taking into account the fact that it will cope with the heat loss.
The scheme of insulation from the basement.
Insulate the floor in the apartment you can different ways. There are a lot of options, regarding the use of materials. You can pour a concrete screed if the thermal losses are small. With lower indicators, heat insulating belling can be carried out by clay.
The better to insulate the floor on the first floor, you decide. But in any case, at first it is necessary to apply a waterproofing coating. Why is it necessary? After all, in contrast to heat insulation of the floor in a private house, insulation is carried out differently in the apartment. The concrete stove is already installed, and pipes with hot water usually pass in the basement.
Here it is necessary to recall the law of physics. If you put the insulation to the floor, then you will thus create a thermal insulation layer and no matter what thickness it will be. And if the insulation is required, it means that there is cold in the basement. Heat and cold when contacting with each other will condense moisture. Let it be and not so intense as in other cases, but over time, condensate is formed without waterproofing under the insulation, and then mold or fungus.
Waterproofing floor. Therefore, it is simply necessary to make a waterproofing coating. The thickness of the films, or the mastic used for this is small, so the process will not affect the loss of space.
On a note. You can enroll in another way, applying for insulation of the floor of the first floor, polymer insulators. They are stable before moisture, and replace the waterproofing layer.
So, before putting the insulation on the floor, it is necessary to store the surface with waterproofing. At home the usual polyethylene film in 200 microns is suitable. It is rolled throughout the area. If there is no single segment, then you can put the strips connecting the joints with a reinforced tape.
Now we will define the choice of insulation. Remembering the loss of height, it is necessary to pick up so that the thickness of the insulating layer to the minimum affects it. In fact, there should be no problems. Because it is possible to warm up the floor in the apartment can be materials that are not used in the global insulation of the walls of the house outside.
There are more rational options on the market. For example, the same foam, the thickness of the sheets of which is 5 mm. This will be quite enough. In the line of insulation of sex in concrete (89), there are also foamsole. This is a porous foil material perfectly performing tasks. Warmed by such material floors, I will also "breathe."
Important! No matter how much the useful area wanted to lose, when using other insulators, the thickness of which exceeds 5 mm, the narrowing will occur. Therefore, if the heat loss in the house on the first floor is significant, you will have to accept such losses.
Laying small in the thickness of insulators is applicable to laying linoleum, or other finishing materials: laminate or parquet. Again, if thermal losses are not very high. With stronger changes in temperature, there are other insulation options.
This option is not always applicable, and the thickness of the insulating layer does not please the inlays. But it is used most often. Of course, the screed will dry for a long time, and work must be planned so that in the warmed room there is completely limited movement.
FROM assembly work Conduct each. The execution process is carried out in the following order:
Depending on which the thickness of the screed will be poured, manipulations are carried out in several stages. Initially, the rough layer, then clean. Specialized mixtures are used for pouring screed.
When the floor insulation in the bath, a slag or sawdust is added to the solution. Working at home, such impurities can not be done. Temperature indicators of the first floor apartment in the house, not so low, so there will be a fairly conventional solvent of the leveling screed.
The insulation of the floor in the house for such a type can be made only in the old Stalinist buildings, where the ceiling height allows. Because the thickness of the insulation will be impressive.
Warming with clay. Begins the process from laying vaporizolation. The technology is similar and described above. After that, lagows are mounted. They are attached to the floor they are self-drawing in plastic plugs. To do this, first placed marks and holes are drilled. The lag installation step must be calculated based on the thickness of the floorboard. Typically, for these purposes, the forest is used, the thickness of which is at least 40 mm. Therefore, the lag installation step must be at least 60 cm.
Between the bar, thermal insulation is stacked. You can apply polymers in this case. But still, it will be easier to put insulation by making a filling with a clay. Gravel stood all the space. Then there is a waterproofing layer again, and the last stage, the flooring is laid.
Important! Waterproofing over the insulation is necessary for its protection against moisture, which will penetrate through the floorboards during wet cleaning. And although the ceramisite can be filled out without regard to his fear of water, the very presence of moisture under the floor, will be unclaimed.
It is possible to make a clamzite and the individual backbone without sex lag. More precisely, the material will be not alone, but in the screed. Warming with clay without lags, is carried out as follows:
It will be a kind of draft coating. To make insulation with clay, thus, enough fill with 5-10 mm. After pouring the screed, the finishing fill of the leveling composition is carried out.
Modern systems help to cope with many problems. Laying the system of warm floors in the house is the most humane way. In recent years, it is still used more often, despite the increase in electricity costs. The warm floor on the balcony and the room allows not to think about loss of height. Modern system Provide heat in the house throughout the winter months.
Warm floor You can consider any options, and production today offers infrared, water and electric floors. The second option in this case will be one of the cost, not only in terms of arrangement. Laying the contour of the pipes still spares a bit of height, so if there are limitations, it is better to consider insulation with electrical systems.
Tips for arrangement:
Isolation from the floor of the floor of the first floor is necessary. But it is necessary to resort to cardinal measures only in extreme cases. Weigh all for and against and initially work humane methods. Perhaps it will be enough to put on the floors in the house Linoleum, insulated with an additional gasket. If the surface intervention does not give results, then it will be possible to make serious changes in the floor design.
heatheat.ru.
Publication date: 03-12-2015
The floor isolation is the procedure to which most owners of their own apartments, houses or cottages are resorted to. High-quality isolation is required for warm wooden buildingsand for reinforced concrete or stone structures. You can provide it in several ways. For example, you can choose the laborious work to ensure insulation using a granular slag or more modern materials that include spraying polyurethane foam.
Floor insulation scheme.
If there is a concrete slab as a foundation, it is primarily to isolate the surface from below, inside the foundation. For this purpose, plates of foam or polystyrene foam glued with special glue (for tiles) are used. The gaps between the layers of heat-insulating material are filled with mounting foam. The insulation and insulation of concrete floor in the apartment (in the panel house) is carried out in the following order:
Installing wide polystyrene foam plates can not only concrete semi.
So, for example, if the apartment is located on the first floor, then it is possible to warm the floor and from the bottom - from the basement of the house. In this case, you will have to warm its ceiling.
Concrete floor insulation scheme.
If you live, for example, on the very first or some of the lower floors in the panel house, then you will probably have problems with heating. It concerns this, first of all, the fact that in the room there is almost always a cold floor. Accordingly, it is necessary to take some measures to heat it. First of all, the floor must be aligned. To do this, use a concrete screed. When buying a dry mixture, pay attention to whether this mixture is suitable for organizing further floor heating. In the panel houses, the floor can be so coarse and inaccount that it is necessary to spend quite a lot of material on his alignment. As a result, the floor can rise by as much as 20 cm.
In such cases, such an installation will be much more efficient technology at which the floor can be adjusted. This technology is based on the use of lag with bolts or screws - floor regulators (in the right places it is omitted, or rises. Bases for greater heat and noise insulation can be placed insulating material.
Wood floor insulation diagram.
It is best to attach it to the entire surface of the ceiling with the help of tile glue. As for insulation from the inside of the apartment, it begins with the fact that the floor is cleaned from previous finishing materials. You need to get to the most concrete slab. On the opened clean and flat surface laid vaporizolation, but you can use the usual polyethylene film, which must be very tightly stretched. It should be noted that non-combined joints between the film or foil must be sampled using a tape or glue and leave a clearance around the perimeter of the room at a distance of 1 cm from the wall so that ventilation was carried out. You can lay on top of this layer a draft floor from any material intended for this - boards, chipboard, plywood and any other options that can be separated by the floor. You should not fear that you have something inaccurately, since all irregularities or roughness can hide the decoration - decorative coating.
Back to the category
Device of the floor and subsequent coating.
In addition to the above-mentioned overall insulation (mineral wool, glass gamble) and tiles (polystyrene), insulating fabrics are the most versatile, which not only retain heat and do not let the cold, but are also able to resist the penetration of the liquid inside the room. This is a polyurethane foam, intended for many types of insulation, as well as capable of insulation of the floor. Its use is possible in almost all types of insulation systems, it does not require additional vaporizolation, but it is somewhat more expensive than other means, and for its application you need special equipment. It should also be noted that if there is in a private house or in the basement of the black floor, it is necessary to make insulation from the base.
If available under the floor also reinforced concrete pillarsFor which wooden beams were laid in the future, it is necessary to resort to their insulation too. In space between the beams themselves and between beams and pillars, the stapler must attach foil. It is steel to make materials designed to insulate the floor (for example, mineral wool or foam), did not go out and did not let the cold inside the room.
After this local vaporizolation, the insulation layer is again superimposed (as in the previous version), but already on the whole surface of the floor and insulation. Thus, the floor in the panel house can be warmed quickly, reliably and easily.
polexpert.ru.
One of the main sources of heat loss on the first floors apartment houses is the floor. The following technical premises in most cases are not heated. Therefore, to reduce their influence on the common microclimate, it is necessary to insulate the floor in the apartment on the first floor.
At first glance it seems that the technology of insulation does not represent much difficulties. It is enough to choose the optimal thermal insulator and the adopted method of its installation. In practice, you can encounter several problems.
The main condition is that the heat insulation of the floor on the first floor should not affect the general specifications building. To fulfill the condition it is necessary to take into account the following parameters:
Taking into account these characteristics, select the optimal insulation material.
If it is planned to install a warm floor system - it is necessary to provide for the absence of a negative effect of external elements on the heat insulator.
The following conditions meet a number of materials that are intended to reduce thermal losses. To select the optimal option, it is necessary to analyze all the pros and cons of each of them.
One of the conditions is the minimum thickness of the warming of the concrete base of the first floor. In a private house, this is important, since the change in the height of the ceilings can lead to loss of comfort. Material must have a low thermal conductivity, i.e. To create a calculated protection against heat loss, materials should be used with minimal thickness.
Most often the choice stops on the extruded polystyrene foam or its cheaper analogue - foam. The advantage of the first option is the high density of the coating. If a large load is not planned, then the main decorative coating can be immediately installed on top of the polystyrene foam.
Features of the use of polymers:
The last fact does not allow the use of polystyrene foam and foam in the arrangement of floor heating on the first floor. In this case, it is necessary to consider alternative options.
They are made of natural components and consist of a plurality of hollow fibers that are connected with each other with special compositions.
The lack of basalt wool is its low density. For arrangement, it will be necessary to establish lags, between which the heat insulator is raised in the future. On top of the design, flooring from plywood, OSP or DVP plates. It should be considered the fact that mineral wool absorbs moisture well. Therefore, it is preliminarily necessary to make waterproofing.
However, along with these shortcomings, the basalt seal has the following positive qualities:
While working with mineral Vata. It is necessary to apply personal protective equipment - respirator, work clothes with long sleeves. Which minimizes the likelihood of individual fibers in airways.
One of the lowest efficiency options is the use of cement mixtures with various additives. However, in some cases it is the only way of insulation of concrete floor on the first floor with the heating of its surface with the help of a water system.
During cooking cement mix It adds a certain amount of clay. It is best to use a small fraction. Approximately the volume of bulk materials should be no more than 15% of the total mass.
Alternative option Is backing up a clamzite. After the fill of the concrete screed is performed. The main disadvantage of the specified method is the low warming coefficient, significant increase in the pressure on inter-storey floors.
First, you should choose the optimal insulation material. This will depend on the overall technology of installation, as well as a list of additional components to perform work. The most difficult is the floor cake by wooden beams. It is its arrangement and will be discussed below.
General technology consists of preparatory stage, installation of layers of thermal insulation and sheet materials, as well as surface preparation for decor mounting. For each of them, it is necessary to develop a scheme of work in advance so that difficulties do not have difficulty performing.
In most cases, it is an iron-concrete base. Cracked or potholes may be present on it. They should be removed by putty. Further stages are made only after the final drying of the mixtures.
Then follow this scheme.
Only after that it is possible to start the main stage of work - the installation of the heat insulator.
Currently, manufacturers offer several basalt wool variants, which differ not only by the material density and its thickness, but also by the form. For floor insulation on the first floor it is recommended to use roll models.
Material must fit tightly to beams. Therefore, the distance between them is calculated in advance, based on the actual width of basalt wool. After installation, it is necessary to install a layer of fibroplenki.
A prerequisite is the formation of an air gap. For this, remote rails are stuffed on the upper part of the lag. After the flooring of the sheet material should form an air gap by a height of at least 10 mm.
At this floor insulation in the apartment on the first floor completed. In the future, during the operation of the surface, moisture from the floor cake should be avoided. Or pre-install an additional layer of waterproofing before installing the decor.
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floor insulation by penplex under the screed
As you know, the floor is almost the only one from the surfaces with which people are constantly in contact (go bare or in shoes), so the insulation of the floor of the first floor will be a challenge number one for apartment owners located on the first floor of a multi-storey building and private owners. In this connection, certain requirements are presented to the surfaces: for example, the difference in temperatures on the floor surface and indoors should not exceed two degrees. If this value is not maintained, then you have to resort to insulation - especially "sharply" is felt by this difference in the offseason and winter months.
In order to insulate the floors, usually in the floors between the first floor and the basement the additional layer of thermal insulation is laid. According to the laws of heat transfer, heat loss go on top down the stream through the floors underground (multi-storey houses with unheated basements are considered).
In this case, in addition to heat loss, there is also a condensation of water vapors that are distinguished from warm air indoors. It does not affect the condition of the insulation, which absorbs all moisture. To prevent excessive moisturizing, it is possible to either use moisture-resistant material as thermal insulation, or (and it is recommended in any cases) to fill an additional vapor insulation layer in front of thermal insulation. As a vaporizolation layer, you can use a conventional polyethylene film with a thickness of 150 μm.
By the way, if different floor coverings have different heat factories: concrete floor is colder than parquet - and it is logical, since concrete more actively "picks up" heat, unlike wood. That is why experts advise to use those floor coverings as a finish, which have a low heat absorption indicator - wood, parquet, chipboard, linoleum, polymer tiles - otherwise the floor will be cold all the time.
When your apartment is located on the first floor of a multi-storey residential building, and below there is a technique (basement) with the possibility of accessing there.
Warming Minvata
In this case, your field can be insulated from the basement side - in conventional foam, gluing it to a special adhesive solution or a cement mortar with glue (like on the tile). The gaps between the sheets of foam can be made by construction foam.
The disadvantage of this method is a possible rejection on the part of your neighbors of your festival insulation enthusiasm. And if you insulate the entire floor of your section with foam is easier than simple, then calculating the area of \u200b\u200byour apartment and its location ("basement, bottom view") will be much more difficult. In this case, they will have to arma the house plan and roulette, to then mark "its" territory for insulation.
When there is no possibility to insulate the floor from the technical unit.
Here they usually come as follows: they are satisfied with the lags, they are paved in between them, and the sheets of foam are placed on them. Also a rather simple way of insulation, but it has its drawbacks. One of them is to reduce the height of the ceilings (for panel housesWhere the warming of the first floor concrete floor is required).
For apartments S. wooden floors The situation is somewhat simpler: the floors are disassembered (if possible, old or bugged boards lag new ones are replaced), the sheets of foam are stacked between lags. In this case, the room will not "lose" its sizes.
When there is no possibility to insulate the floors of the floor.
Then it is necessary to apply insulation with clay - here it is necessary to arrange a cement screed with a layer thickness of at least 9 cm. The disadvantage of this method is a significant decrease in the height of the ceiling in the room, since it will be necessary to take into account the thickness of the floor covering with hydro and thermal insulation layers. However, there are also its advantages here: for example, in a cement screed with the use of clay, you can arrange warm floors - electrical or water.
Floor insulation on lags
If you have your own house, consisting of two floors, or even the usual cottage, then the insulation of the floor is still necessary - it does not matter whether there is a basement there or not. And then, since you are in your home - the owner, then you can arrange warm floors (of course, as they are financial capabilities).
In this case, they are insulated at the stage of the draft floor. And, according to many builders' specialists, the best modern heat insulating material is extruded polystyrene foam, which has good heat insulating characteristicsis moisture-resistant, withstands mechanical impact. In addition, the polystyrene foam will become the best thermal insulation material in areas where the groundwater is located close to the basement sole.
Wall insulation
The polystyrene foam is stacked on a sand mound with rubble, a layer thickness of at least 10 cm. The thickness of the insulation is selected, depending on the climatic characteristics of the region. Waterproofing in this case is the polyethylene film, which is placed on the warm side of the insulation, fixing on ordinary glue, without the use of plastic substances. The laid waterproofing layer is poured with a screed solution consisting of sand with cement, or two layers of GVL. If you plan to organize warm floors, then the heating elements need to be laid on the screed.
If the insulation of the floors are planned with the help of "ordinary grandfathers" materials, you can use glass gamble or mineral wool slabs. However, it should be remembered that such insulation are not enough moisture-resistant, so they will have to thoroughly hydroize them.
For wooden housesWhen the flooring takes place over the lags of lags, the insulation materials are lagged between the lag, with waterproofing, on the board-fitted bottom. And the pair-and waterproofing material itself is laid over the heaters on the warm side of thermal insulation.
And finally: the insulation of the floor will be the more effective than the larger the warmed surfaces will be in the apartment (walls, windows and doors).
