The soft roof is popular at no less than solid and solid structures. But it is represented by a large number of types, each of which has features when installing and operating. Only understanding in all these intricacies, you can take the right solution when choosing a material.
The device of a soft roof is quite simple - it is a tile and a glass tissue, soaked in a modified bitumen. To make the coating strength, it is complemented by stone crumb. The product has a curly edge, it is necessary to lay it on the brace of the roof. Modern producers have mastered the production of soft roofs of various geometric configuration - these are ovals, and semi-rapidness, and pentagons. More familiar rectangular blocks can also be found easily.
Under the soft roof, laid on a relatively color (up to 18 degrees), the surface of the skate, the waterproofing layer must be created only in the least protected places.
These include:
plots next to pipes;
If the total steepness is less than 5 degrees, liquid waterproofing materials can be used.
If it is more, only solid coatings are allowed. With the exception of atypical structural solutions, the lading of waterproofing should be carried out in the intervals between the rafters and the crate. Laying is conducted from the cornice to the skate. Allowed the sagging within 2 cm, because it improves ventilation inside.
Parosolation for a soft roof is almost mandatoryBecause only this measure allows you to prevent the destruction of the crate and the accumulation of condensate. In the case of a warmed room, the vapor insulation material is attached from the inside the attic directly to the rafter feet. Then, an attic surface is created on top of the membrane (from plywood, boards or drywall). From the outer side over vaporizolation, a material that provides insulation is constructed. In old or reconstructed homes, you can sometimes meet a single-layer display of the insulation, but such a scheme is considered obsolete and not effective.
When choosing a modern two-layer variant, the material with the highest thermal stability is placed at the bottom, the thickness of its layer varies from 70 to 170 mm.
The advantage of such a device is that heat-stash has a slight mass. But if initially in the building is equipped with single-layer thermal insulation, then during the repair or reconstruction of this particular scheme it is better to stick again. Otherwise, it will be necessary to drastically process the entire scheme of roofing pie, including to redo the substrate.
His specificity has lightning protection of a soft roof. In most cases, such roofs are equipped with passive protection means. But general rule It does not always work, and appreciate its applicability will be able only to a specialist prepared. Consultation with it will avoid multiple mistakes and significant material losses, and sometimes victims. The rods of active receivers should be raised to raise at least 2 m above the roof, and still thinking the roof design should be thought of how the spiers will be fixed.
The grid can be mounted only above the coating, because the internal location increases the risk of fire. Typical mesh cross section - 6 mm. Autonomous structures are equipped with duplex roofs, each of them is separated. The discharge should be distributed over two ways, the flow of current movement for each of them is trying to make the minimum. Clamps can not be brought around windows and doors.
Any construction I. finishing material has a number of positive and negative sides; It fully applies to the soft roof. It serves quite long. No other coating can work out more than 70 years; It is much higher than that of the roofs of the corrugated. Remedy operational defects are relatively simple: you only need to remove single damaged tiles.
In addition, soft roofs:
resistant to bad weather conditions;
immune to the action of microflora;
throughout the operational period, it looks very good and remains strong;
can be mounted even without assistance;
mostly suppresses the noise arising from a strong rain and even hare.
As for the shortcomings, the flexible roof has one weakness - It lights easily. And for this reason, the material is not suitable for buildings, where the risk of ignition is very large. If there is no such danger, the fee for soft roof And its installation is fully justified by its characteristics. During operation, the amount of waste is relatively small, and can be used without excessive effort to build geometrically complex configurations.
Ultraviolet rays are not scary to the created coating, but it is weakly kept heat, and the base should be mounted as an inseparable web.
The first step in the laying is preparing essential materials and tools. In accordance with the requirements of the technology, you need to have a very strong base that will not be fed under load. At the next stage, you must equip the ventilation to cope with high humidity and reduce ice accumulation in winter. After graduating from the preparation of ventilation, the specialists are taken for creating a gasket layer, which should be located throughout the perimeter. The material should be protected from precipitation, for this purpose the cornese strips are used (sometimes they are called drippers).
Fellow designs are equipped with frontal planksMounting them lead with an overlap 20 mm. Riding nails relies with a step of 100 mm. Marked where the chimney pipe will be withdrawn. When the installation of the planks will finish, put the rover of the endand to strengthen the protection against moisture; This carpet has the same coloring as the roof itself. The cornice tile can be replaced by an ordinary, it will help slightly reduce installation costs.
An ordinary tile is put, moving from the middle of the roofing sink in both directions. It is possible to remove the protective shell from the shingles exclusively before the installation itself, since it only allows you to fold the material in packs. Fuck the tile is assumed to nails (4 pieces are used for one shings), but when the roof is biased more than 45 degrees already need 6 pieces.
The first row is removed from the ends of the eaves of the cornice by 10-15 mm, the second is put in the same way, only covering the petals of the neck cuts of the first tier.
The edges are cut along the edge line and sample, leaving a layer of 100 mm. Cut follows on the subplated plywood, then the lower layer will not suffer. The skate tile put, starting with the installation of the stage, then the blocks are putting the brand 50 mm or so. Farmers need to be cut through perforation lines - it turns out the skate coating. Minor yields through the roof are organized using rubber insulation, but the heating pipes are output differently.
The perimeter of the intersection of the pipe and the roof is covered with a triangular rail. Then the gasket carpet is mounted, pre-lubricated with glue. The pipe is found to isolate (with a closing of 0.35 meters and 0.25 meters of the slope). When this is done, you only need to attach adjacent strips around the perimeter of pipes, mount steel apron and seal the joints with a silicone-based mixture.
On the flat roof Put mainly roll rollers of the European sample. It is sometimes used on scope roof with a slight bias. Rolled the roll, you need to align the folds, stretch the material. It is heated by one of the sides, waiting for the melting of a special indicator. Immediately after that it is required to glue the side to the substrate and roll off the roll to the next point of attachment.
Reference Ruberoid is required with a false 50 mm, control it helps the orienting strip.
But overheating of the material can deprive its ability to adhere to the surface. Qualitatively performed work is expressed in the fact that the surface does not have voids, dark plots and so on. Only strictly observing all the requirements for the requirements, you can guarantee long-term roofing service. The minimum roof inclination angle on which any kind of soft tiles can be mounted is 12 degrees.
Principal reasons why mount soft roof in the cold season, no.
Attaching the soft roof is possibly two main ways.Most often use self-adhesive bituminous layer, occupying the lower side of the tiles. When the protective film was removed, the bitumen becomes soft and glued to the substrate. But such a material can only be used at a temperature not lower than +5 degrees and low air humidity. If these conditions are not observed, you will need enhanced heated by special installations, because the cost of work will immediately increase.
An alternative is the use of roofing nails with an outer zinc layer and wide hats. This technique allows not to think about weather conditions - If only they allowed to safely perform work on the roof. But mounted errors can lead to the destruction of the design and the occurrence of leaks. Snip prescribes to mount a soft roof on nails only under slopes of less than 20 degrees, and the skates are tilted at angles from 15 to 25 degrees. The higher this value, the more actively water is dried, therefore the risk of leakage is reduced.
To cover the roof in the winter rubberoid, you will have to use special heating.
Even with this condition, the roofing material is supposed to withstand several hours in the warm room. From the inside, all the shings are equipped with a self-adhesive bitumen layer, which holds the part of the design among themselves. If you only score nails, but do not warm up the material as it should, it will simply disintegrate into part. About the beautiful form and reliability in such a situation is not to speak.
The roofing carpet is superimposed on the side of the sumps and any end of 40 cm in width.Attachment is made using large roofing nails, they are driven by 0.2 m from each other. The covering of the cornisses is provided by necessarily and steel straps. For the ends, it is designed to look at the planks - frontal execution. The processed surface must be very clean and dry; When flooring a bituminous material, you need to use blocks from various packages to avoid uneven shades distribution.
The horse is fixed with roofing nails long.
If it is long, you can put several elements of the jack. From above, a special skating tile is mounted, with which the protective films remove. The processed area is fixed with nail pairs (left and right). We need to lay a soft roof at the counter direction with respect to dominant winds, a raid of fragments is 30-50 mm.
On the pitched roof, the material is applied and glued first at the lowest points, then rising upstairs on the skates. The maximum allowable mounting bias is 25 degrees. If it exceeds 15 degrees, you need to lay a soft roof along the flow of precipitation (at right angles to the harrow feet). But such arrangement is quite difficult, and therefore only single enthusiasts are resorted to it. The monolithic doom is pre-created.
To get it you need to use:
oriented plates;
plywood sheets with increased moisture protection;
boards with humidity maximum 20%.
The soft roof is not something uniform, it is a whole selection of roofing materials combined only with elasticity. Differences between them are due chemical composition, product view and installation method. Rolled variety is various rubberoid varieties, only It also includes the latest types of membrane products. Put the roll can relatively quickly, but its appearance It is difficult to call the attractive for people. Consumption per 1 square. m rolled roof (together with lining) make up at least 500 rubles; It is necessary to apply them only at an angle of inclination from 12 degrees.
Ruberoid is very checked, because it is made of dense cardboard, but such a coating relatively badly tolerates temperature differences.
Fiberglass is easier to experience them, the fee for it is justified by increased quality and a long period of use.
His advantages have a bitumen tile, called a shingle (or otherwise). These are tiles whose length is 1 m, and the width varies from 0.3 to 0.45 m, the laying is carried out. Time to work is needed more than when using membrane solutions, but the self-adhesive layer helps to abandon enhanced warm-up. The cost of the design is noticeably higher, especially taking into account funds spent on the processing of the base. They can only be a monolithic label from moisture protected by the chipboard.
Device flexible tile According to the standards of SNiP includes:
fiberglass;
a special modification of bitumen;
strengthened subfocation.
Fiberglass - durable and chaotic distributed inside the thread. Thanks to them, protection against high temperatures, cracking is excluded. If you buy a premium expensive coating, it will be enhanced by a polyester, further increasing the practical quality of the material. In fiberglass, the production absorbs bitumen with the inclusion of polyester resins and synthetic rubber. Such impregnation allows the soft roof to not get intoxicate, suppresses the occurrence of mold fungi.
The enhancing material (mineral granules of various tones) makes the surface of the rough. In most cases, crumbs are used from marble, granite or basalt. Mastic (bulk) roof is built of expensive materials, but in general, the work on installing it is relatively cheap. Roofing will be partially mechanized. The exception of seams allows to reduce the design vulnerability to leaks. As for difficulties, it is extremely difficult to form homogeneous and uniform layers, as well as unacceptably lead work at the slightest probability of precipitation.
The Finnish KatePal roof has excellent practical characteristics, with its help you can embody quite a lot of designer designs.
This product is characterized by a specific type of gluing, it is very durable and well kept warm. Due to flexibility, it will be easy for a curvilinear surface, complex curly elements of the roof. The thoughtful design allows you to perfectly stick blocks with each other, guaranteeing the sealing of the coating.
As a base, you can apply:
plywood sheet resistant to humidity;
plotted board;
edged board.
To obtain a lining layer on the ends, endows, skating and eaves, it is recommended to apply a special brand development. The formation of soles is made from steel sheets stacked with displacement. Start working, moving from the middle of the swell. Before sticking, all elements must be cleaned of protecting film. Strengthen the mount can be at the expense of nails. By the installation of skates, put the last link, using special skate tiles.
Colors and texture soft roofs are quite varied, differences between them are manifested in the texture. There are options that imitate the appearance of natural tiles and even specially aged performance, as if the surface of the ripped moss or lichen. If solutions are applied based on mastic, various pigments add to it. Due to this, you can get need effect. IMPORTANT: Endament carpet or galvanized metal must have the same coloring as the soft roof itself. If this is not the case, the desonant dissonance will exclude the receipt of an attractive appearance.
Bituminous and bitumen-polymer variety of rolls are applied to four different ways. Attaching hot mastic consisting of bitumen (by itself or in a mixture with rubber) is tested by time. The disadvantage is the need to mechanize the whole process, attract a whole brigade of repairmen. You can also glue a soft root on cold mastic, such as Vishera; But this approach is suitable only for materials, the thickness of which does not exceed 0.28 cm. Mastics, in this case, serve to lubricate not the substrate, but an attached coating.
An embodiment with a cold gauge means dissolving bitumen from the inside of the material.
The lower surfaces of the sheets are processed by kerosene or White Spirit, The same substance is applied to the primer-trimmed base. Attaching the bands is made with a side adhesion of 100-120 mm, on the ends, they are fixed with 150 mm raid. You can perform work alone, but for this you will have to work very quickly. You need to adjust the rolled material with the clutch of the molten or heated back layers of materials treated with bitumen mastic, and with the help of gas burners.
The disadvantages of this approach are obvious:
partial burnout of the roof;
weakening of wear resistance of the coating;
high risk of fire.
Much better and safer to work with the help of infrared heating systems; This work is performed by the smaller two people. One performer spins the roll and smelves the surface of the sheet, and the other with the help of a silicone roller presses it to the surface. Self-adhesive materials can be attached without additional effort only when working with fine insulation. Its thickness does not exceed 0.12 cm, the decorative properties of such a coating are zero. Yes, and the durability of the material is too small, it flashes quickly.
The quality of the soft roof is defined both the technology for the preparation of bases and the quality of fixing blocks. Manufacturers have attached maximum effort to improve technical specifications Coatings, and continue to improve their products. Once rolled materials could only protect the roof from the blotch, but now they are attractive in the design plan. The flexible shell of the roof of houses is now supplied in a convenient packaging, and a slight width makes it possible to unwind the roll in an arbitrary direction. Engineers were able to increase the resistance of the discontinuity, and lay out modern rolls with a slight equipment tool and auxiliary fixtures.
The roofing material of the last generation allows you to close by 100% of the foundation of any configuration, even with a very complex geometry.
There is no need to leave the house, because the noise when working is very weak, and there is no danger to health. The roof pie over a warm attic can not be limited to a combination of a rigid lining and a soft outer layer.
In addition to them, you will need:
waterproofing membrane (sheltered above rafters);
thermal insulation using basalt or mineral wool;
vaporizoation;
carefully thought out doom.
The soft roof due to the rough layer makes it possible to abandon the installation of snowmates. Downstairs should be made lining pie if the roof is cooler 20 degrees. The lining is mounted only at the most vulnerable points. It must be necessary on the junctions and gutters, at the junctions between the skates and walls. A rough shell of a number of materials is delayed not only snow, but also dirt. Therefore, if it is planned to use a roof for leisure and generally often be on it, it is better to use smooth coatings.
The soft tile is mounted differently than the metal tile, it does not fit the drying of the bar for it, since the material does not have a clear fixation. If the board is put down at the bottom, it is recommended to purchase it in the winter, and to apply in the warm season. Then the level of humidity will be completely optimal. Self best options Board - with a width of about 100 mm, and all elements should have an approximately equal value. The underlined rug next to the skates must have a length of 250 mm, and on the sides of the end, this distance is 0.5 m.
According to the scheme it is required to equip ventilating system; If it works not effectively, the rafters will quickly collapse with condensate, ice and rot. It is necessarily necessary to equip the product and air outputs under the cornice. The gap from the tiles to the base of the roof also plays a role in the ventilation of the inner parts of the roof. This technique also solves the problem of outward water vapor. Rolled materials are fixed with cold and hot mastic.
The cold mixture is needed for the inner segments of the roof, outside work exclusively with hot substances.
If you use bitumen, it is required to complement fillers with dust-like (lime, plaster or ash) or fibrous structure. The best mastic among professionals are those that contain polymers. Preparation of cold compounds from undergraduate components is not difficult. Take two working tanks, one of which is filled with bitumen, and the other - solarium and filler (in proportion 2: 2: 1).
Reservoirs are heated to 180 degrees; Drying bitumen, you need to mix cooked substances. Getting hot mastic is achieved somewhat differently: the bitumen heats up to 200 degrees and gradually, with caution, add filler to it. In the process of stirring, the substance should not be cooled to more than 160 degrees. To evaluate the quality of the resulting composition, it should be cooled to 60 degrees, and then apply to the skate with an angle of 45 degrees. A decent mastic should not drain from the surface itself, and when it freezes, a smooth surface is formed without a single crack.
The base of the design is made of wood, which is impregnated with a mixture of diembered with bitumen. Then the surface is smeared with mastic, and only after that you can fit the parchment and rubberoid. The step of the crate under the roof of Ontulin, the slope of which exceeds 12 degrees, should be small; The exact value is determined for each specific underlying material. A steam-diffusing film under a soft roof is made of polyethylene and polypropylene, it is reinforced by a grid or cloth. Microscopic perforation allows you to protect the coating from moisture, and if it is not, the film will skip steam.
Installation of ventilation under the polymer roof is quite difficult - you will need aerators, flugars and produced. After all, the overlap is irpertable for a pair of membranes does not allow water to leave the underpants space. Aerators need to be put even in the case when a completely new roof is created, covered with liquid rubber. Small flugarks put every 60 kV. m, and large - for every 100 square meters. m underpressure. The gap between close aerators should not exceed 12 m.
The ventilation unit is most often placed where the insulation slabs are joined. But when used for insulation, PPU is simply no, so it is better to consult with experienced engineers. During the repair of the old roof the best solution It turns out the installation of ventilation points where large bubbles and bloating are detected - they are shown to the location of the vapor. Fastening the aerators to the roofs and canopies made of soft roofs should be performed on the self-tapping screws exhibited in five or six places throughout the perimeter of the structure.
The necessary points indicate the technical regulations must necessarily have an internal reinforcing layer.
Dismantling of the roof from bitumen - it's not too complicated, but requiring certain accuracy and care. If you need to perform work with overhaul or in the zone of tight construction, it is better to turn to professionals. Manipulation do it yourself cannot be quite safe and effective. But if it was still decided to do this, it will be necessary for special tools - strokesis, roofing ax. It is necessary to work only with dry weather and at a temperature of a maximum of 20 degrees, because with a significant heating bitumen melts and complicates the analysis of the design.
Of course, before dismantling all the decorative elements, electrical and antenna equipment, lightning tracks must be removed. Problems often arise with chimneys and ventilation, so in the presence of such structures try to independently repair the roof is not worth it. Adjunction to the wall structures of a soft roof is achieved due to various technical solutions. Insufficiently smooth or partially destroyed brick walls for a more dense convergence are covered with plaster. To ensure the waterproofing of the joints can be possible only after the final drying of the mastic.
A flat roof should be joined to the reinforced concrete wall only when that even does not have cracks or chips. Noticing such defects, they are eliminated using any suitable sealant. The slightest ledge for the contour is immediately removed. Communicable processing primems. Nails for the soft roof must be special, they are used if the base is made of wood or from plywood sheets.
Experienced roofers necessarily have the stock of nails of various lengths and thickness so that you can cope with the most different problems.
The approach to the repair of the coating depends on what its direct appearance. With minor (up to 40% of the area) deformations, it is permissible to limit the replacement of single affected areas. In more serious cases, do not do without the removal of all coverage and laying instead of his new layer. Areas where the marks will be laid, it should be cleaned of dust and degrease.
The area of \u200b\u200beach applied patch should be 30% and more exceed the detected defect itself.If the total area of \u200b\u200bthe roof is small, sometimes it turns out just put a new layer without removing the old one. But it is necessary to think thoroughly, it will be safe, because it is practically impossible to control the condition of the internal layers. With major repairs it is desirable to examine everything drainage pipes, Parapets, eaves and frontones, other elements, and if necessary - to change them immediately. To extend the service life of a soft roof and reduce the need for repair, you need to properly operate the coating.
Regular inspection is very important: it is made in spring and autumn, when the air temperature is +5 degrees. Large garbage fragments need to be collected manually, and small contaminants are removed with soft brooms. We necessarily purify the drains, gutters, remove the mosses and lichen, the problem areas are disinfected. If the layer of snow is formed in winter, it is carefully removed from rubber scrapers or plastics, trying not to touch the coating itself. Of course, at the same time, precautions are strictly observed when working at height.
The basis for soft bituminous tiles serves glass choles, bitumen and sprinkle from stone crumbs. Popularity The material provided full immunity to corrosion and waterproof. It can be used on the roof of any form, including the dome. Basalt powder protects against heat and ultraviolet, protects the bitumen base from precipitation and mechanical damage. Fiberglass ensures the strength of the material, and the bitumen is complete waterproofing. Thanks to the versatility of the coating, many are interested in how to cover the roof of soft roof with their own hands.
Among the advantages of bituminous tiles:
Manufacturers of soft roofs offer several forms of tiles cutting and many colors.
Tools for work:
Cover the roof of tiles can be scrupulously observing the technological sequence of work. The first stage of arrangement is the preparation of the foundation. It affects the waterproofing of the roof not only the quality of bitumen gears, but also a doom. The base should be extremely smooth, durable and hard. The shap of the crate depends on the angle of the row and the strength of the winds in the region, it is 50-100 cm. The base of sufficient strength will become a cutting board from coniferous rocks Woods, OSP, moisture-resistant plywood. To protect against rot, materials are treated with an antiseptic. Between adjacent sheets retain a gap of 3 mm for thermal expansion. The material used should be succeeded, humidity is allowed to 20%. The boards are joined over the supports, the length of each overlaps two spans of rafters. The plates are placed by the rotary and fixed by self-drawing.
To avoid metal corrosion, galvanized nails use.
To ensure air circulation, leave the holes at the highest point (on the skate) and at the place of the abandonation of the eaves. Ventilation makes it possible to reduce the temperature in the attic room, divert pairs and condensate from under the roof, avoid land in the winter. Holes for natural ventilation are evenly distributed along the length of the skate and cornice.
The base should not be adjusted to the waterproofing, so it is important to make a gap of 5 mm.
With the bias of the roof from 12 to 18 degrees, the rolled insulating material is spread across the entire roof. Start work from the bottom, from the cornice, laying the canvas in parallel. The junctions of the lining layer are performed by braziness, every 20 cm nails are nails. All seams are sealed with glue. If the angle of inclination is large enough, the individual sections are isolated: mansard windows, skates, endow, eaves and ends. On items, the lining material is spilled on both sides, its width is at least 50 cm. On the cornese swell, the magnitude of the lining material is 60 cm.
The edges of the crate need to protect against rain. For this, a metal dropper is nourished along the cornice. It is attached to the laying layer with an allen in 2 cm, nails are clogged every 10 cm.
The ends are closed with special metal frontal strips, they are also fixed as cornice - braziness and on top of the insulating layer.
Endow - a plot on which the leaks are possible to eliminate the end carpet. It is made of polyester fabric, processed by bitumen and basalt sprinkle. Fixed on the roof using mastic and nails, which are clogged 3 cm from the edge. The end carpet is selected one color with soft tiles. The edge of bitumen trunks is trimmed so as to leave open 15 cm carpet. It is necessary to create a gutter for which rainwater will flow. The described method is considered optimal.
Before starting work with flexible tiles make the layout of the base. Horizontal lines are drawn in increments of 70 cm (five rows of tiles), the vertical markup is equal to the genth size. This will allow them to be stacked with smooth rows. Bitumnic roof tiles are laid first. It is performed from a universal self-adhesive soft roof. Before work, a protective film is removed. Sheets are stacked and attached to punching nails. Fixation sites overlap as follows.
Installation of flexible tiles start from the middle of the eaves and move to the ends. The first row must overlap, laid over the eaves, tile, the distance between their lower edges 1 cm. When the slope is bodied to 45 ° to attaching one tiles, 4 nails are used, with a greater value, 2 nails are added for reliable fixation.
The head of the nail should be located on the same level with the surface of the bituminous tile, and not crash into it.
The petals of the following rows should be at the same level and cover the perforation of the previous row. Depending on the tile cutting, the next row is selected. This allows you to form a chaotic or ordered pattern. Most models are stacked with a displacement for half a petal. Marking, made before the start of installation, will continue to continue the ranks of the flexible roof, interrupted hearing windows or chimney pipes. On the ends, the soft tile is cut, not reaching 1 cm to the plank, and its edges are sampled by a layer of mastic width of 10 cm and nailed.
When cutting a material as a substrate, you should use Phaneur, it will save from the random damage of the lower layer of soft tiles.
On the endland carpet, the size of the gutter is noted, it can be from 5 to 15 cm. It should be noted that 30-centimeter zone is formed near the gutter, not nailed. Tiles cut down the border of the gutter. The top corner of the shingle is cut for a feet of water. With the help of a trowel on the edge of the tiles, mastic is applied and attached to the carpet.
To make a tile suitable for the skate, an ordinary bitumen tile is needed into three parts. On the ribs of the roof, the ski tile is laid below up. After removal of the protective film, it is glued and fixed with four nails in two centimeters from the edge. The next part is glued with an allen in 5 cm.
Tiles on the skate laid towards the prevailing winds. For ease of installation, each part of the skunk tiles warm up in the middle and bend along the ribbed bar to the angle formed. Tiles are attached to the bitumen base and 4 nails. In the skate row, soft tiles are superimposed on each other with the allen, like ordinary.
To ensure sealing in places of connection with the antennas, chimney or ventilation pipes, laid an end carpet or galvanized metal. When choosing a carpet on the pipe installed plinth. The pattern of the material used is stacked with an approach of at least 20 cm on the ordinary tile. The back of the carpet is missing with bitumen mastic. It is glued along the perimeter of the pipe, the places of touch with tiles are processed by bitumen mastic by 10 cm. The top of the carpet coming on the pipe is closed with metal planks.
For the roofing device, special passing elements are purchased. Such an element is placed at 2 cm on the roof. Based on the hole. The skirt of the element is sick with mastic and nailed with nails. Its surface is closed with bituminous tiles, and the remaining joint is smeared with mastic and sprinkle with basalt crumb, to protect against ultraviolet.
Competently laid soft roofing will be a reliable home protection at least 30 years.
A detailed video on the installation of flexible tile:
Surely, you will not challenge the fact that the roof is the main protection of the whole building. Thanks to modern roofing and its high-quality installation, a very long operational period can be achieved. The soft roof includes a lot of different products, but the bitumen tile and rubberoid uses extremely popular.
All soft roofing materials included bitumen. Its elasticity indicators are many times declining at negative temperatureTherefore, use these products in the frost is an inappropriate occupation. The optimal value of the temperature for laying soft materials is 5 degrees above zero.
If the temperature drops below the allowed value, then the need arises heating equipment. This ultimately will greatly affect the ultimate price, but if there is a need for it, it is better to overpay than in a year to engage in overhaul. The fact is that frozen, bitumen becomes very fragile and when fastening the material, it can simply split. In addition to mounting on the roof there are places where it is necessary to flexing the material, for example, ice skating or endowes.
The bituminous tile is small-sized elements that are stacked on the surface of the scopes in the form of scales. Their slope should be more than 12 degrees, otherwise during the first year of operation, you will learn what leakage is.
If you are at least a little understanding in construction, you know that the foundation under roofing materials are slinge system And the doom. As for the latter, it is divided into solid and discharged.
Discharged case is a system wooden boardswhich are stuffed on rafting legs with a certain step. This value fully depends on the materials used. The more their rigidity, the smaller step will need.
In the case of a soft roof, a solid doom will be required. It can be equipped with boards, moisture resistant plywood or osp of the product. If you are using the boards, you will need to lay a high-quality lining carpet, in order to level all the resulting irregularities. The fact is that the boards of the same sizes have some errors, and their device on the same plane can lead to a height difference.
To base, it is best to take moisture-resistant fane or ox plate. It is worth noting that when laying elements on the surface, their humidity should be no more than 20 percent. By mounting a continuous foundation, you can not forget about the arrangement of ventilation channels. Do not join the plates with each other tightly, leave a few millimeters, it is quite enough for natural ventilation.
The rafter system is usually created from sawn timber. These products have natural origins, therefore, under the influence of moisture and positive temperatures on their surface, microorganisms will multiply, which will ultimately lead to rotting. In order to protect the wooden elements, it is necessary to be treated with their special solutions - antiseptics. If you decide that the boards are dry and in their processing there is no need, then you are very mistaken. As a result of human vital activity, a very large amount of moisture is thrown into the air. Of course, this is not visible, but when it condensation immediately becomes clear that this question should be considered more seriously.
Increased humidity in the residential room below is one of the reasons for the destruction of the roofing system and its materials. The fact is that the air raised to the room temperature rises to the ceiling, and as a result of condensation passes through the thickness of the material, so moisture settles on the colder side. After the liquid turned out to be in the attic room, the process of evaporation and wet air begins, not finding the exit, begins to settle on wooden elements and roofing materials again.
Natural ventilation allows you to derive wet air from the room and thereby significantly extend the life of your roof.
For high-quality air circulation, you must create:
In case the natural air circulation does not cope with its functional task and the humidity of the attic space remains at the same level, you will need to create artificial ventilation. This is done using devices called aerators and deflectors. They work at the expense of pressure drop, and their installation is not much difficult.
If you decide to build a roof yourself, and you wonder how to make a soft roof correctly and at the same time answer all the requirements, then I advise you to use only proven roofing products and not pass any layers. One of them is a lining carpet. Many developers neglect this material and after a couple of years they make expensive repairs.
The litter performs the functions of the waterproofing material, therefore, it protects the roofing pie from moisture. It is worth noting that even a small amount of fluid that fell into insulating plates sharply reduce its positive qualities more than half and during their drying, the properties are not returned.
Important: Laying the lining carpet can be carried out not throughout the plane. It is possible if the slope of your roof is more than 18 degrees.
With partial laying of the carpet, it is worth considering that UNDOVA should be covered with 5 meters of material, and a horse is 2.5 meters. As a rule, the fasteners for the litter are nails or a construction staple brand. In the case of arrangement of places with high humidity, in addition to the main fasteners, it is necessary to use bitumen glue. It will give compounds higher tightness.
In the case of laying soft roofing material on the roof, the slope of which is less than 18 degrees, the lining is shut-off throughout the area. Flooring this product can be carried out both by the longitudinal method and transverse. If we consider the first option, the backstage should be at least 15 centimeters, and in the second case - 10. For high-quality installation, all connectivity places are best treated with bitumen mastics.
These elements are made of metal and are placed on the cornese and frontal soles. Their direct functional task is to protect the crate. Ordinary nails are used as fasteners. The distance between them is selected individually, although the standard value is 10 centimeters. For a high-quality connection of the slats, the "Vanest" method is used between themselves, it should be at least 2 centimeters.
Soft roofing, in particular, the bitumen tile has several varieties for laying the roof. The finished plane will include cornice, ordinary and skate tiles. All 3 species have their own shape and sizes.
The first row of the material is stacked almost on the cornice tile, only a centimeter should remain from it, which does not reach the edge of the roof. The device of subsequent rows is required to ensure the overlap of all seams so that the scales are like. To accomplish this work, it is necessary to monitor the level of cutouts in the previous row. This will create a smooth and beautiful structure throughout the plane.
Important: For ease of installation and increase the quality of laying on preparatory Stage I advise you to spread the entire plated plane with horizontal lines. It is quite difficult to level the ranks of the tiles on the eyes with complex roofing geometry.
Now that you understand how to make a soft roof from the tiles, you can begin to the next look - EuroBube.
Surely in your life you at least once met with an ordinary ruberoid and know how it looks. This material is used in construction for a very long time. Its main minus is the short term of operation, which is only 5-10 years old.
Therefore, it was decided to improve this product in order to increase operational qualities. As a result, it gave rise to new Material called the EuroBeroid. How to make it laying on a soft roof, I will tell below.
As a rule, construction begins with preparatory work. In this case, at this stage, it is necessary to create a stable and dry base corresponding to all standards and rules. Rolled materials are not whimsical to the base and for their laying it is quite suitable reinforced concrete platelaid under a slight inclination. This is done for natural moisture drain from the surface of the roof. It is worth noting that the EuroBeroid can be laid on a wooden basis, for example, a solid crate or OSP slab.
IMPORTANT: If you make a rubberoid device to the surface already having bitumen materials, then their dismantling can not be done. When the material is heated, they will become an excellent base for a new carpet. In the case when the laying occurs on a pure base, it must be treated with mastic.
Carefully read the properties of this product and do not start work before the layer is dry.
Some developers before laying rolled products prefer them to roll over the area, so they flew out and took the shape of the roof. I can say that this is useless, because when heated bituminous material, it becomes virtually liquid. This property allows him to break up and fully describe the contour of your roof.
Work on laying should begin with the bottom of the skate, and gradually move up. This allows you to arrange the bands with the right overlay due to which the water flowing from the surface cannot fall into the joints. Laying the material in several layers should be perpendicular to each other. This will avoid the coincidence of the joints and increase the tightness of the plane.
The process of smelting should occur in a relaxed atmosphere, you do not need to hurry anywhere. Otherwise, the rubberoid will begin to form folds, and if it does not feel tightly on the base, the condensate will accumulate in these places, which will soon lead material into disrepair. The lower layers should be labeled with a rubberoid, which does not have a protective layer, and the final carpet is obliged to have a mineral sputter. It will protect the surface from mechanical impacts and direct sunlight.
Important: When working with a gas burner, it is necessary to clearly comply with all precautions. Safety knowledge will eliminate the possibility of majority injuries.
Before podding a soft roof, you must have some knowledge.
Before podding the roof of the soft roof, you must make sure that spoiling the material on the surface, you can put it without any extra parts. If there is a need to cut the material along its length, I advise you to do it in a twisted state with a saw.
The joints of the vertical elements must undergo a special processing process. Such places are usually the most vulnerable zones of the roofing zones. For good sealing of the joints, the mastic is labeled at a minimum of 30 centimeters. If you have a large number of atmospheric precipitation in your area winter time Normal phenomenon, then you should increase this value to the required. The fact is that the snow accumulated on the surface can easily get under the rubberoid layer, and the roof will begin to leak.
From the article you learned how to properly cover the roof of a soft roof, and learned how to work with an EuroBeroid and soft tiled. I hope the building you created will not have one century, but a qualitatively made soft roof Will protect it throughout this time.
To date, soft roofs do not just occupy leading positions on the market, but have become a real discovery for designers and architects. Many styles, individual solutions and the possibility of easy implementation on a complex roof structure - what else to wish? The main thing is to achieve absolute tightness between the gates, on which the durability of the entire coating depends. And the installation itself will be filled with a flexible tile, believe me, even if you first encounter such a kind of work!
Therefore, if you carefully read our advice, then with the help of another person you will cover even a large roof in the area. The fact is that in the factory conditions, the shonts are preparing for sticking, causing a special solution to the bottom layer, and even they do four holes so that you know wherever you drive roofing nails. And about all the subtleties of work with a soft roof, we will now tell you.
As soon as the roof frame will be ready, install vaporizolation as a solid carpet from the inside of the roof, without gaps, and fix to the rafters using wooden planks. On the same planks you will be attached to the inside of the attic of the attic.
Now take care of vapor barrier. If the attic is cold, then the whole moisture will come out of it itself, with the help of natural ventilation. But in the case of a residential attic, vaporizolation is necessary. For this purpose, the rafters are stuffed with an additional bar, roll over the vapor barrier film with the allen and are sampled by a special scotch (the usual does not fit!).
Next, from the outside on the vapor barrier film, put the selected insulation, it is desirable to rotate. On top, cover the windproof membrane and lock the bars, which will also serve later to create ventilation channels.
As a result, you should get such a "puff pastry", as it loves to call roofers:
We have prepared a detailed master class for you, as in which order everything should happen:
As you noticed on the above photo, to lay flexible sheets on the expelled lug-haired did not make any difficulty!
For mounting flexible tile, a hard solid base is necessary. Therefore, on a prepared crate, mount a solid carpet from plywood or OSB-plates, with a gap of 3-5 mm, which is necessary for deformation from temperature and moisture, and secure self-stairs to rafters.
The main requirement for the base under flexible tile is a flat area and the possibility of fixing trimming with nails. For this, sheets of glued wooden chips are suitable for the type of plywood or a tipped board, laid in bulk. Only the board should be as far as dry, then the waves did not form when drying. But a big mistake is used for a soft roof only the crate, albeit more participated, because in the first season the entire roof will just go by waves. And the photo with such problems becomes a present property for manufacturers who scare their buyers with similar errors.
As soon as the base is ready, the reinforce the necroma rings with metal straps. Such placed the edge to the edge of the base and fasten with roofing nails, with a step of 150 mm, in a checkerboard order:
Now it's time to take care of waterproofing. It is necessary in such complex places as adjoining, joints and endands. Here, the canvases are placed on the bottom up with the allen 10 cm in the longitudinal and 15 cm in the transverse direction:
We recommend that you use a specially intended substrate, not runneroid or similar material, as it sometimes do. The fact is that they have and finish roofing - different deadlines of operation, and even the terms of use!
And such an attempt to save will soon be shortly to the swelling of the entire roofing carpet. In addition, no manufacturer will give warranty on the roof, in the cake of which the materials of third-party manufacturers were involved.
By the way, until recently, the lining carpets were practically not used in Russia, and today there are a lot of people lying to unrest. It is logical, because by the time of construction of the roof often it turns out that the planned budget is not enough for the whole house, and have to make concessions. But if you want to put roofing from a flexible tile and forget about it for many decades, then do not refuse such an important element.
There is always the risk that the water will penetrate into the underpants space, especially in such complex places like bypassing flue pipes or contact with an installed antenna. There are freelance situations when a strong wind lifts the shoes during a shower.
Moreover, it's not hard to choose a roofing carpet, because It is subject to the same requirements as tiled: to be resistant to temperature drops, ensure reliable waterproofing and serve for a long time. BUT modern market Provides a lot of options such as import and domestic. Moreover, many plants in Russia today work on European equipment and in terms of product quality is not inferior to foreign analogues.
In general, lining carpets are two species: self-adhesive and mechanical fixation. Self-adhesive placed mainly in Enders, and mechanical rolls on the remaining roof area and fixed with galvanized nails:
Here is the process of installing an ordinary roofing carpet, which will need to be fixed with bitumen mastic:
Here is an example of working with more modern self-adhesive roofing carpet:
So, the self-insulating waterproofing carpet is ideal for Endanda. And if the rods have a slope of more than 18 degrees, then think over the carpet laying in all places of probable leaks, and this is: ribs, ridges, frontal svs and all the outputs of roofing elements.
But on the roof with a bias from 12 to 18 degrees, you will need a solid waterproofing carpet. Prior to that, we recommend putting a self-adhesive bitumen and polymeric material, for example, a "barrier", and at the same time strive for the carpet itself without adhesion - solid all over the entire length:
Also in advance to insulate the ventilation passages, zones around mansard windows and chimneys. In front of the installation of flexible tile, wake all the passing elements with a bitumen mastic yourself - it is not difficult.
Before you start laying flexible tile, you will also need to strengthen farmery Sve.. It is necessary to fix them with roofing nails with a step of 10-15 cm. Here is a cognitive video lesson from the company:
To secure flexible tile, you will need special nails with wide hats. It is extremely important for them to beaming so that the hat is in the same plane with the surface of each shingle, and at the same time she crashed into it. In addition, nails for soft tiles must be galvanized.
Nails for mounted soft tiles are divided into such types:
We recommend it as roofing nails specifically for the flexible tile, it is galvanized roes, with a diameter of a hat of 8-9 millimeters. We still produce special nails for bitumen shots, and they differ from standard analogues.
Such are made of durable steel wire, which is automatically cut into equal pieces, then on one side, the billet is sharpening, and on the other, it is sprinkled into the shape of the cap. If you met such on sale, you can purchase.
But it is important that the nails themselves correspond to GOST 4030-63: the diameter of the rod is 3.5 mm, and the diameter of the hat is at least 8 mm. The thing is that in working with a specific bituminous tile, the most unpleasant moment - when nails are simply immersed in the bituminous layer and violate the integrity of the coating. But the extended hat is so easy to "drown". And what it is more, the better to keep the shingle, why and high-quality nails for flexible tile reminds the stationery button. Moreover, for single-layer and two-layer tiles, it will be necessary nails with parameters 30x3.5 mm, a for three-layer - 45x3.5 mm.
By the way, some grief builders do not understand why it is impossible to simply warm the canvas of a soft tile and stick them to the flooring, why exactly the nails and all of the opponent with them? In fact, the use of open fire on such a roof is prohibited due to elementary considerations. fire safety. Therefore, forget about this risky idea and rent an automatic device.
And now go directly to laying flexible tile. It begins with the starting strip. As such you can take:
If it is more convenient for you to start with the cornice tiles, put it on top of the metal strip, slightly retreating the location of the inflection. Next, quit it with nails, but at the same time consider that the longer the cooler of the skate, the more there should be an indentation from the location of the inflection:
Here's how to lay the starting strip looks in practice:
Now we unpack the shings. The main requirement for their installation is dry, warm weather, because the bitumen tile is undesirable at a temperature of less + 5 ° C, because In areas where it will need to be bend, it will be difficult to do without cracks.
If you still have to fix trunks in such conditions, it will be necessary to prevent: sheets heated construction phenomenon And bend on metal pipe About 10 cm with a diameter. But it is better to do that.
Calculate the required number of shots is not difficult: Take one sheet, measure the area that will be seen, find out the dust of the skate and divide the second to the first. Here is a valuable council on how to calculate and prepare a flexible tile to the installation:
Of course, if you have eye-diamond, you can do and detailed counting, but the laying lines serve as excellent guides for which you can align the tile and vertically, and horizontally. Especially if you put the soft roof for the first time.
Believe me, tear up a few sheets and secure them again to fix the jamb, the thing is not the fun. And quite without marking, if some element or general geometry of the skate is broken into the roof of the roof. In this case, such tools as a belling, plumbing and level will be helped.
As we have already spoken, usually for convenience, ready-made shits in the factory setting are marked with minor holes so that you know where to score nails. If there are no such (for example, the cheapest collections), then simply retreat from the edge of 2-3 cm and focus on this illustration:
In each case, the place of the climbing nail will be directly dependent on the shape of the cutting of the tile itself. It is only important that the bottom, and the top edge in all sheets, and the top edge of all sheets, and if you are placing the flexible tile on the rods with an angle of 45 °, then the upper angles of the shingle are also additionally fixed.
The entire procedure for laying flexible tile is not difficult, here is the instruction of the process itself:
Now lock the shings. For this, the automatic tool is good, especially if it works from the electrical network. The main thing, when choosing a model, take care of your own safety: the trigger must be convenient, with the protection against a random shot and the possibility of removing the jammed nail without any risk. After all, the hammer is usually more designed for minor work on household, and professional roofers enjoy extreme rarely.
The only moment: if special roofing nails do not fit to the gun, take the finished clip with nails with a wide flat hat. Available to be interconnected by thin wire. This tape is inserted into the cartridge and the nail is served one by one. It is much more convenient in work at the height: you do not need to look for a bunch, you do not need to substitute your fingers under the blow and the fastening itself will be better than when you are too tired on the 501st nails. The main thing is to comply with the main technology: the nail must be taken strictly perpendicular to the shingle plane.
Remember, if some kind of shingle was recorded unreliable, then over time it will break your mount and flies with a busting of the wind. And the nail itself, lifted by the wind, will tear the sheet, loosening the neighboring. And all this will lead to leakage and necessary repair. Of course, it will not be possible to completely do without distressed places, why it takes a periodic inspection of such a roof.
Now consider the features of the installation of trim different species. So, from a single-layer tile before installation you need to remove the protective film, which is always located on both sides of the shingle. Why is she? The fact is that this roofing is transported by conventional wages and in the heat, and in a heat, and it is still going about bitumen.
But in collections with such cutting, like " Dragonfish tooth", There are no films, it is only important to choose a beautiful drawing or stacked chaotically, just mixing the shings.
And exactly how to work with each type of race cutting, these illustrations will help you:
Next, if you have to work with a complex roof, you have two ways to lay bitumen tiles: segment and seamless. In the first way, divide the angle or cone to equal segments, and each from lay out separately. And so this way is overcoiled all the roof. The seamless method is already harder: it is important to make the correct markup of the skate and navigate it. Think and choose the one that will seem more convenient for you.
And now - about the most problem places of the roof. Endovma, namely the inner bends of the roof, you can organize in two ways: open and closed, which is also called sub-sized method. The main thing later in the field of the junction of the roof with the wall to make a triangular rail and make a tile.
In addition, if the wall is brick, it must be seen and processed by a bitumen primer. The upper part of the adjunct then should be closed with a metal apron, which needs to be consolidated and started in the shoes, and then sewer:
Next, we'll figure it out with the concepts of the skunk tiles. How easy it is to guess, these are those shings that cover the lip of the roof. All the rest of the tile is called ordinary. By the way, the ridge tile is obtained when they make a skate-eaven into three parts, or cut out from the usual ordinary perforation method.
To properly put a ridge tile, with the help of the cord, take away the dimensions of the future ridge - these are two stripes along it, and lead the laying of the ridge tiles from the bottom up. After that, fix the tile by nails on each side and make sure that the backstage of the overlying shots overlap the nails by 5 cm.
Place the skate tile from the side, which is the opposite of the so-called wind rose (you can learn about the neighbors or by the wind map). Next - all the same as during the masonry of the ridge. If there is no self-adhesive layer in the right places, wake the mastic there.
And now we go to the ribs. Here, ordinary tile should be cut so that the distance from 3 to 5 mm is left between adjacent skates:
Here is another great master class, where you can consider the details of the process:
And finally, finish work. Styling flexible tile is always installing the skate aerator. For this, the special groove is cut on all skates, and the aerator is inserted into it. It is fixed with nails and are covered with specially skunk tiles.
Also, for a soft roof, special challenges are manufactured - these are the lower parts of roofing passes, which are called "skirts". And so that the snow does not accumulate behind ventilation and chimney pipes, especially when their cross section exceeds 50x50 cm, you need to organize a slowhead. In a word, you will need such elements:
So, your roof is ready, and it remains only to care for it. For this time in half a year with a soft brush, get the whole garbage leaves and branches from the roof. The main thing is not to use sharp tools, because it is important not to scratch basalt crumb. And from time to time, clean the drainage gutters and funnels.
Fortunately, the roof of a flexible tile has a high maintenance: it is enough to heat the damaged area, remove it and lay new tiles. The case of one day!
Presenting a guide material, which is enhancing on both sides modified and intended for the coating.
Synthetic non-rotated or fiberglass fabrics can be used as a guide material (polyester, glass cholester, fiberglass).
The soft guide coating for the roof is used as an independent coating of predominantly surfaces with a row of no more than 25 degrees.
The calculated amount of rolled roofing should be appropriately prepared: all rolls need to roll out on a flat surface, clean from possible contaminants and in such a state to leave at least one day. Otherwise quality mounting It will be impossible.
For sticking roofing material use special mastic, which can be prepared independently or purchased in a ready-made form in a construction store.
Standard bituminous mastic Can be prepared as follows:
The roof covering with soft guide rolled materials can be performed as vertically in the bottom upward direction to the skate (if the roof has a small slope), and along the direction of the skate, if the angle of the slope is from 15 to 25 degrees. The number of layers of the rolled roof depends on the purpose of its use and the expected coating characteristics.
The first layers of the roof should performed rolled materialhaving a lining destinationand outdoor (or one outdoor) - from roofing. The roofs of the roof are stitched with strictly brass from 5 to 15 centimeters. Modern roof guides have a special edge to perform an adhesive.
Installation of the roof is performed in the following order:
Installation work should be carried out by brigades in the quantity at least two peopleOne of which will roll the roll, observing personal security measures, the second is to work with the gas burner.
From the professionalism of the employee performing fireworks, the properties of the coating depend on the improper use of the burner and overheating of the material, it is possible to thinning it. Therefore, to perform work with the gas burner without sufficient skills is extremely problematic and to trust it should be prepared by specialists.
After laying each layer of the roof, you need to check the quality of the seams and in the places of the admission, walk with a special clamping rollerthat will increase the reliability of the connection.
After performing all the work schematically roof will look like this:
1 layer - Proper base.
2 layer - Bottom coverage with roofing material.
3 layer - upper coating with rolled working material with an exploited surface.
In cases if the installation of this type of roof is produced on steep slopes, as a substrate for other roofing materials (slate, tiled), then rolls are rolled horizontally, starting with the bottom of the roof and gradually approaching its skate. The overflow of the lateral sides of the waterproofing formation in this case should reach 15 centimeters.
Coating wooden roof It is carried out in the same manner, but instead of the gas burner, tall nails are used.
The most important thing, when working on laying roofing material, employees should follow the rules of personal safety: Use personal protective equipment, including footwear and overalls, as well as follow the rules for performing fireworks.
