When concreting the base, support pillars, overlaps, as well as decorative elements, it is assumed to formwork for the fence. Without a device of such structures correctly fill concrete mix Will not succeed.
Foundation formwork
And in order to understand the features and types of enclosing devices, it is worth considering all the varieties of formwork, with the help of which the basis of the base for fences from the professional flooring, bricks, concrete slabsas well as stone.
There are several varieties of enclosing structures that are used in intake construction as a "form" for the fill of the foundation. The main types of formwork can be attributed:
If you wish to install the base with your own hands, you need to decide on the appropriate type of formwork. At the same time, the choice of "team shape" for the pouring of concrete directly depends on the structural features of the barrier installed.
The formwork device may be different. In some situations it is more expedient to install the collapsible or, on the contrary, a non-removable design. Removable devices can be applied repeatedly. At the same time they are collected with their own hands from the girlfriend.
Failure products are long blocks that consist of side-shields limiters. Parts "forms" are connected with each other with special metal screeds, as well as plastic brackets.
You can make a "shape" under the fill of the concrete, with your own pupil materials. At the same time, the boards must be thick enough to withstand the onslaught of the solution.
They are knocked into monolithic shields that prevent the flowing mixture from the form. By and large, it is possible to make a formwork under the foundation from any carrying construction materials, which can be attributed to:
Foundation device fence
The device "Forms" from a non-aluminated chipboard is undesirable, since this material is capable of sprinkling very quickly, which will lead to the depressurization of the formwork. In addition, to make the enclosing design with their own hands, you need to take into account such nuances:
As a rule, for the installation of fence from the corrugated floor, either a tape, or a belt-pillars foundation is used. In the first case, the design is a concreted tape of a small width, to which the barrier is subsequently mounted. In an embodiment with a tape pillaby, concrete masonry It is performed with a preliminary set of columns in a trench, an imagined formwork block.
Fitting under the fence from corrugated
For stacking the foundation under the fence from the corrugated floor, it is most often used precisely a ribbon and pillaby base. First, the process of fillings the foundation is quite simple, and secondly, when the foundation is planted simultaneously, the reference pillars are installed, which then simply need to hang the sheets from the professional flooring.
To make a "shape" under the fill with your own hands, you should follow these steps of work:
Pouring foundation
The formwork for a new fence from the professional flooring should be collected by technology, only in this case the fill of the foundation will be high-quality and durable. So, to make the form for a basis, you need to clearly follow these steps:
As you can see, the design device is quite difficult, so if you need to install formwork with your own hands, you clearly follow the recommendations of specialists. Only then installing and filling the mixture will be made correctly. After performing the last stage of the preparatory work, it remains only to pour the solution into the finished form. In more detail the editing process on video:
Make a solid and high-quality "shape" for the base device with your own hands is quite difficult, especially if a person did not have any business with construction work. It should take into account the depth of the future trench and, as a result, the thickness of the foundation, as well as reliability wall materialsFrom which the formwork will be assembled.
Any vacation home And the cottage is protected by fences, this item performs not only a decorative, but also a protective function, which means it is very important to build a reliable and durable fence. During its construction, a separate attention is paid to formwork, on which the strength of the future design depends. Having understood in some nuances, you can independently build a high-quality formwork for the fence.
If the fence is made of stone and reinforced concrete formwork is not installed, but when pouring the monolithic concrete, the formwork structure is a prerequisite. Before installing the future formwork, you need to decide on it.
There are several types of formwork:
For a massive foundation, a horizontal type of formwork is used, which is removable and non-removable:
During the installation of formworks use different materials, the main thing is that they sustain the burden, which will create a concrete solution during the fill. Depending on the foundation thickness, the suitable materials are selected.
IN independent work often use:
Reinforced concrete formworks save the amount of concrete and increase the strength of the foundation design The construction of formwork does not require additional equipment. Before installing it, you need to decide with all the moments of work. Make yourself project and sketch of the future fence.
In the project, write:
The size will help to set the depth of the foundation, and its length determine the amount of material.
Required materials and tools during formwork:
Each of the stages construction work It is thought out to the smallest detail, since the final result and durability of the fence depends on their execution. Installing formwork belt Fundament It is carried out in several stages.
Many inexperienced builders underestimate the importance of such a preparatory stage.
The study of the site, calculations and marking of the territory will help identify some nuances and think about the solution of the problems that have arisen:
During the markup, a possible soil height difference is determined, which affects the amount of concrete solution when pouring The marking of the territory proceeds to earthworks. The trench rumbles around the perimeter of the future fence.
At this stage, the master should accurately decide on the depth indicators and the width of the trench:
Before starting the ground, additional pegs are installed and the second cord is stretched on the width of the future trench. After digging the trench, the soil will be highly trambed and falling asleep with a layer of rubble and sand by 15-20 cm and once again tightly tamper. The thickness of the pillow from sand and rubble takes into account during the digging of the trench depth.
The width and depth of the trench is very important indicatorswhich will depend on the load of the fence on the foundation Inside the trench, wooden bars have vertically at a distance of 100 cm from each other. Use long bars so that they oppose the foundation for 25 cm. Bruks should be strictly vertically, the work done is checked construction level. Brucks will be attached to the shields of formwork, without them shields will be looped, and the concrete will not make the right fill.
The manufacture of formwork shields occurs by knocking down the boards into one canvas, and if the shield is made of chipboard sheets, then they are cut into stripes. Formwork can be raised immediately throughout the perimeter of the trench and pour one stage. Some builders prefer to make the fill in stages, and establish a formwork on a segment of 5-10 meters long.
Shields are a monolithic wall of the boards and are located around the perimeter of the trench on both sides. They are installed on the bars driven earlier. The shield is located strictly vertically, if necessary, straightened the steamed timber. The lower part of the wooden shields must most closely settle on the sand and rubble pillow. Shields are attached to bars with nails and self-tapping screws, preferably from the outer side of the formwork.
After formwork, it is processed to install fittings elements, which increases the strength and durability of the foundation In addition to attachment to vertical bars, shields additionally secure:
If there is a trench outside free placeThe shields are fixed by direct details from the bar. They are placed outside the formwork by 50-60 cm. Bumps are bonded in parallel to each other with horizontal planks, which during the installation process help to adjust and check the same distance between the shields around the perimeter of the formwork.
After the fill of the foundation and its complete drying, they go to the palable. Removing formwork elements need to be made with caution not to deform concrete construction. After proper dismantling discontinued materials Formworks are used on possible subsequent work.
Stages of dismantling formwork is better to calculate from the very beginning of work, before installing the formwork. Demonstrate the most unloaded elements begin and lastly remove the shields. The process starts to carry out on top of the structure, and slowly remove the struts, so-in and possible fastening elements. Removing items are made over several days. It is important to take care of the quality of dismantling, which directly affect the reliability and strength of the concrete base.
Stages of dismantling formwork are performed in the opposite direction to how it was built The fencing on the prone section of the Earth has a decorative and protective function, it ensures the strengthening of the soil from shuffling. There are three types of slopes:
With a high slope on the construction site of the Earth, the fill of a stepped foundation is used. This section does not fit the fence by repeating bends of the terrain, which looks aesthetically in the plots of land with low and medium bias. If the Master has a desire to spend a smooth fence, then he should be stopped on the leveling concrete structure.
The manufacture of a ribbon step foundation requires some features of the work:
The prone area needs reliable drainage and strong foundation After installing the formwork of inexperienced specialists, it worries the question: "?" The durability and strength of the future design will depend on the quality of the concrete solution. It is necessary to use only high-quality components. Most optimal option Rubble with a fraction of 1-2 cm, the sand is better to use the river, and the cement brand 500. On average, one bucket of the cement will leave 4 sand buckets and 6 buckets of rubble.
The ladder formwork from concrete should be durable, as the monolithic concrete staircase is very heavy. It is installed with wooden boards or metal. The most appropriate is the angle of inclination of the ladder by 30˚. Before installing the board are treated with waterproofing materials.
On the inside of the formwork, it is better to use a smooth fane and polished boards so that in the future I did not have to separate concrete surface. When fastening the formwork elements, use not nails, but screws.
- This is modern comfortable Material Reusable use. A qualitative advantage of such a formwork is its low cost. It is used on removable and non-removable formwork. In the details of such a formwork there are special holes that allow you to quickly and securely assemble a formwork, as well as to simulate it in different ways. The advantage of plastic formwork over wooden is that it does not absorb water and does not take extra moisture from concrete.
The formwork device is a very important stage during the construction of the fence. This auxiliary design helps to form the necessary form to the future base and make a high-quality fill with concrete. Before installing the formwork, it is necessary to correctly calculate the depth and width of the trench and make a high-quality sanding of a sandy-gravel pillow and its rubbing. When installing formwork, use additional supporting elements in the form of spacers, tires and additional horizontal planks. The strength of the installed formwork and the qualitative execution of each stage of the work will allow to establish a reliable and durable fence.
The fence is one of the most important parts of each house. Therefore, it is necessary to approach its manufacture with full responsibility. The first thing to be started is the manufacture of concrete. The process of filling concrete must be started with the organization of formwork. If you want to save money on construction, then formwork for a tape foundation is made independently.
This article will talk about how to make a formwork for a fence with your own hands, without spending a lot of strength and nerves.
There are several types of forms that are used to create a base for concrete structures:
Independence on the formwork for the foundation, all designs must comply with the following requirements:
In most cases, to make a formwork for the fence, use boards. It is not recommended to use the chipboard plate, since under the influence of moisture it swells. For one-time use, chipboard can be used. After dismantling the design, such plates should be thrown out. The boards organize shields with dimensions of 100-150 cm long and 50 cm in height. To ensure maximum evenness and quality, metal sheets can be used.
Depending on the selected material to create a formwork for columns, a set of necessary tools may differ.
To fulfill the work, you will definitely need a roulette, a shovel, a screwdriver and a hammer. In some cases, they also need scrap or ax. In order to guarantee accuracy, it is recommended to use the level.
From the very beginning, it is necessary to decide on next parameters Fence:
Sleep Class \u003d "Western" Chala must dug a hole. If the trench has a big length, then it is recommended to use special techniques to save time. The depth of the trench, first of all, depends on the height and materials of the future fence. It is also worth paying attention to the fact that in places with minimal load on the fence there is no need to dig a deep foundation. After that, the bottom of the pit needs to be covered with sand, approximately 150 mm. The layer of sand must be tamped, do it until he stops stating and becoming hard. To speed up the process, you can moisten the sand with water.
In order for the design to be high-quality, it must be supported by pillars, which must be buried approximately to the depth of the soil freezing. When installing large fences, such pillars need to be used. After carrying out all land, from the selected materials you need to make shields. All shields need to be combined into single clothwhich will restrain concrete before it is frozen. IMPORTANT: so that concrete does not lose moisture too quickly, it is necessary to carry out waterproofing of the shields. To do this, you can apply runneroid or film.
When a formwork for a fence with your own hands will be performed, you can start the fill of the foundation. To do this, in the trench you need to install the lattice from the reinforcement, the rod of which must be fixed with the help of welding.
After that, you need to prepare a solution. You can do this as manually, and with the help of concrete mixer. It is very important to act strictly in the preparation of concrete, which is indicated on the package. It is necessary to knead concrete to obtain a homogeneous mass. After performing all of the above actions, it is possible to pour a concrete mixture, after which it becomes directly erected by the fence.
When erecting a fence, almost in all cases there are small slopes up or down. If the slopes of several degrees do not create any problems, then with a skose, more than 10 degrees need a special approach.
There are two ways to install a fence on the slope:
The analysis of the formwork system must be carried out with caution, since during the removal of the shields you can damage the structure. This can significantly spoil the appearance of the foundation, as well as cause the destruction of the entire foundation. The dismantling process must be carried out in this order:
After that, all items need to be cleaned and inspect. If damage is not noticed, they can be used in the next site.
Performing these recommendations will help with high strength. If before installing the installation, carefully examine the theory and use the recommendations of specialists, as a result, the formwork can be built yourself, and the foundation will be able to simultane more than one year.
It is an important part of each house. Often you can hear: "The fence is the face of the owner!". Given this, it is worth a serious approach to its manufacture. And the first thing to start - the manufacture of the foundation. Although if the fence is performed only with a decorative role, then it is not necessary to equip the capital fence. We will consider the process of filling a solid foundation in detail. And as it is known, its manufacture begins with the organization of formwork. Therefore, if you want to save at work, you will be pleased to know that the formwork for the fence with your own hands is quite forces to everyone.
As a rule, wood is the most common material in the manufacture of formwork. The boards are knocked into strong and monolithic shields. However, this can not be limited. For the construction of this design, any sheet material, plates, etc. can be used.
For example, it can be:
The smooth surface of the chipboard does not allow concrete to clutch with the walls of the formwork, thereby filling all empties well. Although you can use and not laminated chipboard. This material is highly durable, so if necessary, the chipboard may be a good formwork.
Now we offer you a step by step to consider the process of making a formwork for the foundation of the fence.
First of all, it should be solved which dimensions will have your fence.
First of all land work is carried out. To do this, you can call a mini-tractor or proceed with a trench manually. Order a mini-tractor is reasonably in the event that the trench has a big length. This technique will cope with work literally in a couple of hours.
Depending on the type of fence design, the pit may be throughout the perimeter, for a ribbon foundation or simply holes for the columnar.
Also note that there is no sense to dig a deep foundation, especially where the load on the fence will be minimal. So, near the columns, the depth can be more, and in the intervals less. The bottom of the trench is covered with sand, layer to 150 mm. This layer must be carefully tumped. The trimmer should take place until he stops stating and not turning into a solid mass. To accelerate this process, moisten the sand layer with water.
For the walls of the formwork, use one-piece shields for backups - wooden bars. Along the edge of the trench, pull the rope / fishing line. Further, back from the edge of the trench 500 mm and drive a bar in the ground throughout the perimeter of the trench, with a 50 cm step. Make sure that the driven bars do not succumb to swinging. Otherwise, hammer the bar elsewhere where the soil is more stable.
At the next stage, lower the shield in the trench on both sides of the walls. At the bottom it should touch the pillow tightly. Also prepare small bars that will perform the role of a horizontal screed. They are installed above the soil level and are nailed to the papers with nails.
If you want to build a stronger formwork, you can use metal connections for the screed.
Next, it is necessary to install struts to the shield from the driven bars to the Earth. It also uses wooden bars. To the shield, bars are fixed with nails. Now is the time to check the strength of the formwork. An important point In the manufacture of formwork is the horizontal level. If, due to the drop in the soil level, in some places of the shield for a level, then you can add several bars, having navigate them to the shield.
After performing everything preparatory work And the structure of the formwork, you can start the last step - the fill of the foundation. But before this it is necessary to place the reinforcement inside the formwork. It will provide the best bundle and fortress of the foundation. Also additionally through each meter will score fittings to the ground. If you plan to build a massive fence, then you will need to make a dressing of reinforcement with a wire of a kind of making Armopoyas. After that, you can produce concrete work.
Not all areas are perfectly smooth. If the level of land for several degrees has a bias from one of the parties, then no special action should be taken. A completely different situation when the soil level has a drop of 10 ° and more. In this case, the nature of the formwork installation changes slightly.
Immediately it is worth noting that there is nothing complicated in it. There are two solutions to this situation:
For the foundation described in the second embodiment, the production of formwork has its own characteristics. Therefore, consider the construction of such a design more.
As can be seen, this process will be sufficiently protracted and at the same time time-consuming.
When building a formwork, there are several important recommendations that general technologies Do not mention:
So, following these unaccomposed advice, you will get the construction of formwork and fill the foundation for the fence strong enough. But remember, the hurry in this work is not welcome. This applies to both the installation of formwork and its dismantling. Each stage of work spend consistently and slowly. If you have mastered another formwork manufacturing technology for a dacha fence, then write to us in the comments, to this article.
in this video material, you can learn more about the principle of making formwork:
In schemes can be seen constructive features Formwork manufacturing:
Construction of fence on cottage plot Starts with formwork. The quality and strength of the structure depends on the design. The answer to the question like a formwork for the fence, lies in its strengthening connections. What they are more, the better.
The formwork structure is a prerequisite for building a fence regardless of its type. The design forms a fixed frame. Formwork, made with your own hands, must meet the conditions:
Make a formwork from plywood, metal or simple boards. The design should be easily installed and dismantled. The material is selected taking into account the height of the foundation above the ground level.
The process of building a formwork, built under the foundation with his own hands, begins with the mystery of the pit. For the brick fence, the dripping is broken throughout the perimeter, for other structures it is enough to form ditches where the poles will be installed.
The depth of the ditch of meter, in places where there are no pillars, is allowed to 50 cm. The width depends on the fence.
The prepared pits are covered with a sand pillow from 10 to 15 cm and trambed until the pillow becomes solid solid base.
For the design, materials are harvested in advance. Fale shields or chipboard are used more often (wood chip stove), backups - brus from a tree.
In order for the formwork to be built with his own hands, it was flat, a twine from one corner to another (markup) is stretched along the edges of the ditches. Every 50 cm in the soil, the bars are driven, retreating from the edge of the ditches about half a meter. Boards are installed carefully so that they do not give in to the roll.
Plywood or chipboard is lowered on one side of the pit and pressed against the sand pillow close. The same work is done from the other end of the trench. Nails to plywood are nailed clock bars - horizontal ties. They are mounted slightly above the soil level.
The backups are installed at an angle of 45 °. The backups are driven into the ground and to the upper edge of plywood. Supports mounted at an angle will not allow concrete to break a smooth line of formwork.
Observing the sequence of work, a durable formwork is built under the fence. Make it with your own hands is easy. Before filling the cement, reinforcement under the foundation.
After installing the valves, cement mortar is prepared.
The frosting of cement is completely occurring within 28 days. The formwork is removed on day 15 in reverse order:
When erecting the fence may arise how to make failure formwork Under the fence with your own hands. For this, all components are fasten as in the designer.
Facial formwork under the foundation is collected from various materials:
Selected blocks are connected to each other with jumpers. This prevents concrete. Ship-groove fastens the top row with the first line. When using the supports, the backups are not installed. Only reinforcement with rods, a circle is 8 mm.
Fill cement mortar It passes with layers of 20 cm, with piercing. In order not to damage the formwork, the solution is poured from a height of no more than meter.
The non-removable system provides:
Building formwork under requires some other actions. In various areas of the dummy pit there are horizontal level drops. Therefore, at the lowest point of channels, the formwork is constructed higher than in the high location of the trench.
Reinforcement occurs from the rods of a large diameter or the number of iron pins doubled. After reinforcement, concrete is continuously poured. Filling formwork on the slope in several stages, it will lead to the cement rupture along the boundary of the layers.
The foundation is carefully tumped to prevent the formation of air bubbles. A flooded solution freezes about a month.
During the construction of the formwork, the screws and nails should not be stitching inside the construction. This leads to problems when removing plywood shields.
Plywood and chipboard sheets are nailed from the external and inner side: the strength of the structure is ensured.
When filling the formwork on hot dry weather, concrete sprinkled with small wood sawdust - preservation of moisture and coolness for cement.
High-quality formwork, built with your own hands - the guarantee of the strength of the future buildings. The non-removable system serves as an additional layer of waterproofing under the foundation. Removable design allows you to use it repeatedly and move the parts along the fence line.
How to make a formwork under the fence Updated: February 26, 2018 by the author: zoomfund
