The temperature regime of the apartment depends on the set of factors. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly check it, and if necessary, make changes. How to do it correctly - further in the article.
The microclimate of the room can significantly affect the health of the inhabitants. There are certain norms for the regulations of SanPiN and GOST temperature of different rooms. Therefore, it is necessary to know what air temperature should be in the apartment in each of the rooms:
Infographics: temperature standards for different premises
Temperature in the nursery should be higher than in adult bedroom
Comfortable temperature in the apartment is a uniform distribution of heat around the room. The difference in the temperatures of the neighboring rooms should not exceed 2-3 degrees.
The air temperature of the room depends on the set of external and internal factors. A considerable role is played by external factors such as climate and seasons.
Optimal temperature The apartment in the northern region is significantly different from the southern. Speaking of climate, it is implied not exclusively the air temperature, as well as humidity and pressure. With high humidity, the optimal temperature indicator is higher.
The temperature rate in the apartment in the heating season is lower than in summer. Weather on the street significantly affect the microclimate inside the apartment. Average standards for different seasons:
Because of seasonality and temperature drops, many people can feel discomfort.
The human factor also significantly affects the definition of normal temperature in the house. If a newborn baby lives in the apartment, then it is necessary to eliminate the temperature differences and too low or high indicators. If problems with heating, then it is necessary to make an act of measuring the temperature of the DHW in the apartment, the sample of which is easy to find on the Internet.
Features of the room and heating system determine the temperature in the apartment in winter and summer. The microclimate affects:
Temperature distribution schedule in the apartment
Important: if the battery is cold, you need to contact a specialist for checking the whole system. The battery must be free.
The temperature of the apartment is measured in several rooms. Measure the temperature is needed in not a sunny day to eliminate the additional warming of the room. All windows I. entrance door Must be closed to accuracy measurements. If after self-definition of temperature, the indicators are below acceptable, you should contact emergency service. Workers arrive at the place and conduct control measurement. On it, it is an act of measuring the temperature of the DHW, which indicates:
Sample temperature measurement act in the apartment
Measure the temperature independently need correctly. This uses an ordinary thermometer. For accurate measurements, the device can not be lowered below 1.5 m from the floor, and keep closer 1 m from outdoor Wall. The instrument accuracy class must be at least 0.1. The thermometer of this class has a special passport, which certifies the correctness of the indications.
Temperature B. one-room apartment, the window of which is greater than 30% of the wall area, can be measured once, away from the window.
Modern technique allows you to clearly control the temperature regime of the room. But without the use of complex technologies, humanity has long regulated microclimate. If the apartment is hot, just open the window so that cold air flows filled the room. To increase the air temperature in the apartment, convectors with incandescent spirals, electrocamines and other heating appliances are used.
Air conditioners, split systems, devices Climate control allow you to raise or lower the level of heat in the apartment, creating a favorable temperature for people.
The thermostat allows you to maintain the desired temperature in the heating system
Modern batteries are equipped with a special regulator, which is extremely easy to control. The valve is attached directly to the location of the coolant in the battery, and adjusts the stream of hot substance in the system.
Recommendation: Modern batteries are not only practical, but also economical. The use of new materials and methods of laying channels in the heat exchanger allows you to warm it as possible with minimal energy costs.
Normal temperature for each person its own. However, it is necessary to adhere to the norms, and not personal preferences, as the unfavorable temperature can adversely affect the person. A significant difference in warmth on the street and indoors can lead to:
The unfavorable temperature for sleep is annoying the nervous system of the human body. Sharp drops affect the cardiovascular system. Therefore, it is so important to know how many degrees of heat optimally in the room in winter, and how old.
Power bacteria positively multiply in a warm environment. Thanks to this, people are often exposed infectious diseases in summer. The cardiovascular system of a person works intensely in a hot atmosphere, because blood is tucked. Because of this, problems with arterial pressure and heart appear.
When overheated, the body loses moisture by its abundant selection of sebaceous glands. In this case, strong dehydration may occur, and due to the violation of the water-salt balance of the body.
Dry air at a large temperature is also able to cause many diseases, in particular problems with breathing paths. All sorts of allergic reactions are more devastable to the dehydrated organism.
Hypothermia, in the people of supercooling, negatively affects the body holistic, and is able to cause many diseases. The supercooled organism is not able to produce a sufficient temperature for full functioning. Temperature of the body in such cases is at the mark below 36.0 degrees. The children's body is not capable of greater heat transfer, so the decrease in temperature in children is much faster.
Against the background of hypothermia, respiratory diseases can easily develop. Chronic forms of diseases are not uncommon, since the prolonged effect of low temperature on the body destructively refers to all livelihood systems.
If the temperature in the apartment is slightly lower than the norm, the healthy body people get quenching, which actively increases immunity.
Invalid temperatures in the apartment negatively affects the health of the inhabitants. Therefore, it is important to know how to correctly measure the temperature regime of the room, and whether it is acceptable. If the thermometer indicator is lower or higher, it is necessary to take measures regarding temperature adjustment. Especially carefully monitor the household temperature, if a baby or a child lives in it preschool ageSince they are most sensitive to temperature effects.
The microclimate in an apartment or a private house is considered to be the main condition necessary for the convenient stay of all households. Comfortable room temperature for a person can be different, it is determined by the individual preferences and features of the body. Separately, it is worth saying about the temperature mode for kids, since it differs slightly from the norms for adults and it is strongly recommended to follow it.
What kind of room temperature should be in an apartment or a private house, you can find out in GUT 1.5-2001. But this rule largely depends on the factors affecting the final indicators. There are several conditions that can change it:
People of old age and children also feel in different ways, the norms for them are different. Especially important is the optimal microclimate for infants.
Permanent hypothermia (supercooling) is a danger to adult and child health. The reason for it can be reduced indoor temperature and increased humidity. As a result, the body is in stressful state and uses all resources to normalize metabolic processes. The need for calorie food, which turns into energy to heat the body increases.
Gradually advocates the imminent immunity. Adults are easier to carry such a state, since the heat transfer of their body is quite high. The blood circulation of children is much better, but they have low heat transfer, so with constant finding indoors at a temperature of less +18 degrees, their body is quickly cooled.
As a result of constant hypothermia, symptoms of colds pathologies, trachea lesions, bronchi and lungs appear. The slowing down of blood flow leads to a decrease in the amount of oxygen and nutrients delivered to cells. As a result, the regeneration of tissues after damage deteriorates.
It is dangerous supercooling not only for children, but also for women, the bodies of the reproductive system of which are sharply reacting to any changes in temperature regime. Inflammation of the appendages is considered the most common disease, which develops in the case of long-term hypothermia.
In addition to the supercooling of adults and children, headaches are often tormented. This is due to the vessel spasms arising in response to the constantly reduced room temperature. Usually analgesics eliminate symptoms for a short time, as it is required to remove the root cause.
Overheating (hyperthermia) for the body brings no less harm than supercooling. In adults, constantly elevated indoor temperature causes headache, promotes increasing numbers arterial pressure and deterioration of the overall state.
Women hardly transfer such conditions, especially during menstruation or menopause. The expansion of blood vessels leads to an increase in blood loss, and the tides bring even more discomfort than usual. There is also insomnia, weakness and reduction of working capacity. Man becomes apathetic, drowy.
For infants, overheating is badbecause negatively affects all organs and systems. The baby begins to breathe mouth, the mucous membranes of the mouth of the oral cavity. In the nasal sinuses there is a mucus, which turns into a crust, impede breathing, and in the skin folds are formed hyperticated areas.
With constant overheating, hyperemia passes into inflammation, minor ulcerations appear. Healing is long-term, since oxygen access is limited to the place of lesion. The work of the sweat glands of the child becomes intense, it loses a large amount of liquid. This can lead to dehydration.
Especially dangerous overheating for children who suffer from chronic bronchitis. As a result of a constant overhangship of the mucous membranes of the bronchi, the disease is complicated, the child coughs more often, but the sputum does not leave. At elevated temperature in the room, dust rises and falls into airways kid. It is harmful to both healthy children and for those who suffer allergies.
There are certain norms established by GOST. They describe what comfortable temperature in an apartment or house will help preserve and strengthen the health of all households. The indicators of the speed of air and humidity in the residential room are also taken into account. The first should not exceed 0.3 m / s, the second is 60%. Temperature for each room should be different:
In other rooms, temperature fluctuations in the range + 18-22 ° C is considered the norm. It is worth noting that when moving from one room to another temperature difference should not be felt.
The residential building needs permanent service, especially during the cold season, since only the correct organization of heating will help maintain the optimal microclimate in it.
Before the start of the heating season, it is recommended to check the windows and doors for the presence of slots through which heat can go. If necessary, you should take them with special ribbons. Plinths must be well attached, in the floor it is necessary to eliminate the holes. It is important not to stick all the windows to be able to periodically open them for air.
If in the child's room, the temperature is below the norm, it is recommended to warm it with artificially. In the case of the use of a heater, a special humidifier should be installed to prevent air cutting. If there is no such possibility, it is allowed to put in the room with water pelvis, which will perform the function of the humidifier. To monitor temperature and humidity, it is recommended to purchase special devices.
During the heating season, adjust the temperature regime is quite difficult. Today, there are various models of radiators that make it possible to monitor the indicators in each room. They are equipped with special thermostats. The device can be configured depending on the needs of households and the norms of each room, it will independently reduce or increase the heat transfer of the battery. In each room, this device is not mandatory, but it is recommended to install it in it.
In the cold season in demand different kinds Heaters to maintain optimal temperature regime. Most effective are considered:
Any of the heaters will good option If it is impossible to increase the temperature in the room in other ways. The device can be turned on and off if necessary, which is very convenient and will avoid hypothermia or overheating.
The temperature regime in the room is considered the basic condition for creating an optimal microclimate necessary for a comfortable stay of people. It can be adjusted by a special thermostat for radiators. To maintain it at the desired level, it is recommended to adhere to the norms established by GOST.
In contact with
Comfortable accommodation in the apartment depends on several parameters, especially on temperature and humidity. According to scientific calculations and state standards, in order not to be harmful to health, it should be from +20 to +24 degrees C. Although there are supporters of cooler temperatures (-18-19) But for each person there are their values \u200b\u200boptimal for comfortable accommodation. Of course, the temperature regime depends on many nuances. In winter, this question becomes more relevant, and residents of high-rise buildings are immediately wondering - what should be the temperature of batteries and air in the rooms and who is responsible for it?
First of all, indirect, external and internal factors that affect the temperature in the apartment should be considered. It can affect it:
Important: The permissible temperature of the wall in the apartment according to the current standards should not be below 20 ° degrees.
The main goal of regulating temperature in the apartment is to create the greatest comfort for people living there. Some in the heat feel good, without even thinking about the acquisition of the air conditioner. And someone and in the lutty frost constantly opens the subcords. But it is impossible to forget that human needs do not always correspond to the established temperature regimen standards. Supercooling, as well as overheating, can extremely adversely affect the well-being of people living in the apartment.
It is also worth considering the difference in temperature standards for men of male and female. It may differ in a few degrees, since women are more heat-loving than men. Special attention should be paid to the apartment in which a small child lives. He has not yet developed the thermoregulation of the body, and it quickly overheats and freezes. Therefore, the temperature in the room for children should be stable, making an average of +22 degrees.
The effect of humidity on the comfortable condition of the person at the same temperature
Depending on the purpose of the room, the installed temperature rate changes:
Do not forget that too much temperature difference should not be observed between different rooms of one apartment. Ideally, 2 degrees are permissible so that when moving within a house, a person did not feel this difference.
Despite personal preferences should adhere to the temperature norm. This is especially true for hot summer and winter, when the temperature on the street and in the apartment differs significantly. Otherwise, this can lead to overheating or to strong overcooling of the body, as well as cause cardiological problems.
Too hot atmosphere in the room creates favorable conditions For the spread of various bacteria. As a result, there are infectious diseases.
Important! In the conditions of a strong heat, a man loses moisture, blood is thickened, and the heart works with a large load, which may have bad consequences for people with the problems of the cardiovascular system.
In addition, dehydration due to too high heat indicators leads to a strong sweating, and a person loses moisture. And this leads to serious disorders of the water and electrolyte balance.
Such a process is possible in winter, when the temperature in the apartment due to poor-quality heating drops sharply below +17 degrees. In this case, the organism heat transfer is enhanced, and hypothermia occurs, which entails the emergence of sharp respiratory diseases and problems with the nervous system.
This is especially dangerous for young children. Therefore, you need to carefully treat the established temperature regimen in the room.
According to the current sanitary standards, in the apartment or house the temperature should not be more than +22 degrees, and any deviation may adversely affect well-being. What to do if in your home other indicators, and how to achieve the creation of an optimal microclimate for living?
In the past, the air temperature was adjusted only by heating radiators. For additional heating, heating devices were used - as a rule, convectors with open spirals of incandescent and others. In order to make the air in the room cooler, opened the window, and the problem was solved.
Modern technologies provided man big choice Air conditioners and other devices that have functionality and comfort in the room. For example, the main function of split-systems is not only air cooling in the apartment, but also heating, drainage mode with too high humidity, ventilation, air purification and removal of foreign odors.
If we talk about installed sanitary standards, the temperature of the batteries is not normalized. The main thing is that in the apartments the desired air temperature, which is slightly different in the country, depending on the climatic conditions of each area. As a rule, in winter it should be at least +20 degrees Celsius. If this indicator is lower, it means that the house is heated at home is poor quality.
The standards of heat supply in apartment buildings are established by the state. The documentation indicates the climatic conditions that should be in the cold season.
Based on this, the cost of utilities is determined. It is important for citizens to know the norms, because no one will deceive them.
The heating level in apartments is regulated by the following documentation:
Based on this documentation are determined different types premises.
Residential buildings refer to the first category. Temperature and humidity are optimal only if they create conditions for human normal life.
There are parameters due to which discomfort occurs, but they are considered permissible. The air temperature should be equal to +20 degrees and above, and no more than 80% humidity.
Although the law is clearly spelled out the heating standards, though during the cold season from many tenants there are complaints about the cold. What is the reason?
This can be associated with the worn out of engineering communications. The equipment failed and no longer performs the former functions. In many rooms, it does not change, but simply repaired.
In this case, the execution will help overhaul central heating networks. But tenants do not solve these issues.
There is another way to solve the problem - inclusion in apartment house Additional sources. Newest development is heating gas boilers and a "warm floor" system.
The following data is indicated in the legislation in relation to heating:
Citizens need to write a statement about the reduction of water temperature or heating. It is submitted to the controlling organization. In fact, the verification includes the act. Violations should be eliminated within 7 days.
The legislation is prescribed by the duty of heat supply companies throughout the heating period. The accident cannot last more than 16 hours. At this time, the temperature should be normal.
Laws establish the rules that must be respected by communal organizations. Regional leaders can make changes on the basis of climate. This is installed by local authorities using relevant documents.
What if the standards are not performed in an apartment building? The tenants have the right to appeal to regulatory organizations.
There is now a bill on which the maximum tariff indices are determined. This is established from various factors, including local conditions.
Standards are not only for heating in the house but also on humidity. This indicator may vary in the apartment on various factors, for example, due to the violation of the functioning of the ventilation. The problem should be solved by communal institutions.
IN winter time Humidity should be within 30-45%, but permissible 60%. A temperature norms + 18 + 24 degrees. There are no norms on the humidity in the kitchen and bathroom, since these rooms have operational features.
Knowing the principles of calculation, you can determine the cost of heating in the house. The rules are established by the settlement by the settlement based on standards. They are used to establish the amount of payment.
Regulatory rules usually apply for about 3 years. If an increase occurs, it will definitely justify. The communal service addresses the administration about the increase in the cost of heating. If the proposal corresponds to reality, the tariffs increase.
The rules of heat supply are installed in gigakallaria. The calculation takes into account:
If earlier the charges from the tenants were taken only for the resources spent, now there are general suites. T. the ferry has to pay for the heating of entrances, basements. Payments are mandatory for all.
Each tenant has the right to reduce costs. To do this, you need to warm the apartment and install your counter. In this case, the fee will be charged only for personally spent resources.
Installing equipment can be the organizations that have a license on this type of work. The device is subjected to sealing by controlling companies.
The heating system runs from hot water. It is it that is considered a coolant. To independently measuring the temperature in the glass you need to dial hot water And put a thermometer in it. Temperature should be in the limit of 50-70 degrees.
There are other methods for measuring heating. The temperature determination is performed near the pipes or radiators.
This uses an infrared thermometer-pyrometer. A alcohol thermometer is suitable, which must be put on the pipe and cover the insulation.
There is more complex equipment - an electric thermometer. It is applied to the pipe, fasten and measure me. Each device has a deviation scale.
Often, radiators are required to improve the heating system. When buying, it is necessary to take into account the following nuances:
Heating systems are changing by the competent organizations. Before choosing the equipment, you must consult about what is suitable for home.
After that, the system performance is checked. During overhaul, you can immediately install counters. This will control the costs of utility bills.
