Roofing conditioners Boxing Production of a mustache perform various air processing functions and are designed to create and support decentralized second ventilation. Air conditioners from this line are produced by four sizes with air production capacity up to 13 thousand m3 / h, can be applied on any objects, both in civil and industrial.
A wide range of options for performing air conditioners box, as well as various configurations, among which you can pick up optimal option easily. The variety of execution options makes it possible to apply these air conditioners both as a supply, exhaust, supply and exhaust systems, and as installations that provide heating and air cooling. Boxing installations are equipped with a high-quality automatic control system that allows you to follow the exact microclimate parameters on the object and makes the use of central air conditioners more economical and efficient.
Roof Boxing Conditioners - Features and Benefits
All roof air conditioners box consist of two key elements - external and internal blocks. The external unit is mounted on the roof (comes with a roof cover, selected under the type of roof) and is frame design from reliable and strong materials. The base of the casing - the galvanized steel panels filled with polyurethane foam. The panels provide good heat insulation and reduce its losses to the minimum possible number.
External blocks are also equipped with convenient service panels that are sealed and can be dismantled for repair and maintenance in the minimum time. The external unit usually includes such elements:
The internal unit works with air coming directly from the room. He serves it and takes it, providing a permanent and high-quality exchange. In the inner block there is a heat exchanger, an air distributor, a response element for an air duct or an air distribution grille. Since the heat exchanger is mounted inside this block, in winter freezing, you can not be afraid and operate the air conditioner even with serious frosts. In addition, if desired, the air conditioner is possible through the internal unit to complete the separate air cooler.
The Smart Treding company offers a wide selection of roof air conditioners boxing, among which you can pick up right size With the necessary performance by air, and the package that ensures the creation and maintenance of the required air parameters. At the moment, thanks to the design involving the location of the main block on the roof, and due to this space-saving space, it is really the optimal option for most objects. The managers of our company will help you choose and calculate the root air conditioner box for specific working conditions in a given room.
Air Conditioners Roof Changless LM Pro Orion Top is an advanced line of supply and exhaust recovery installations of outdoor versions intended for mounting on the roofs of buildings.
Roof beamless air conditioners are an innovative product on the market. ventilation equipment. To create this series, modern technologies were used, the latest design solutions and many years of experience, which made it possible to receive a whole range of advantages.
The vortex adjustable air distributor, depending on the operation mode, can change the shape of the air jet.
The temperature of the air supplied above the air temperature in the room. Consequently, the air, camshable, rises up. The greater the difference between the temperatures of the supply air and air indoors, the less twisted should be to ensure optimal range and air supply directly into the working area
The temperature of the supplied air is equal to the air temperature.
The temperature of the supplied air is below the room temperature in the room. Air is distributed in the horizontal direction parallel to the ceiling. Having trollenged, the air is lowered down - into the working area, without creating the feeling of drafts.
Designed for operation on large objects with large open spaces and high ceilings - industrial premises, warehouses, shopping centers, stadiums, etc. The aggregates are mounted in the roof of the building and prepare the supply air and its distribution directly into the working area, as well as the removal of exhaust air with the possibility of partial or complete recycling.
Elements internal block and climatic block are options. The composition of these blocks must be selected depending on the operating conditions. The composition of the outer block cannot be changed.
This equipment is part of ventilation systems. These units are mounted on the roofs, and they are needed to purify air in residential or production buildings. Ventilation and removal of "bad air" from the premises are carried out using special technological channels. Roof fans and their use is optimally in rooms with fireplaces, poorly ventilated rooms and in other cases.
For residential buildings, ventilation problems have become relevant for the last 2 years. It was for this period of time that the "renovations" included. Often they are performed illiterately. As a result, the room is most hermetically closed with double-glazed windows, which is why fresh air deficiency is obtained. This leads to various fungal and other sediments on the walls of bathrooms, toilets and other rooms. It can sometimes lead to very difficult consequences and even allergies.
Today, more and more people care about a good microclimate in apartments, houses, in manufacturing workshops. Therefore, the demand for climatic equipment and ventilation systems has sharply increased. In addition, consistently good demand today and roofing ventilation units for private households, multi-storey buildings, public or industrial facilities.
This ventilation equipment is widely used to organize ventilation air flows in any conditions. Often these systems are purchased for installation in residential buildings with a large number of apartments, industrial facilities, supermarkets, restaurants, office buildings, various warehouses, pools and garage buildings. These devices are installed on the roofs. This allows:
Ventilation communications using this technique are simple and most convenient. From a huge number of existing options for various exhaust ventilation devices - fans for mounting on the roof are the most economical.
Since these devices perform the functions of ventilation equipment, the tasks that they decide are the same as typical ventilation systems.
These units can completely remove humid air from the premises as well unpleasant odorswhich accumulate in household and residential rooms. Also this species equipment very successfully copes with smells from sewage systems, removes various smokes that are formed as a result of work gas speakers, stoves, fireplaces. This technique will easily cope with the exhaust air, which is formed as a result of work household devices, such as vacuum cleaners or hoods.
In addition to working with smells, the device performs the prevention of various fungal formations and mold on the walls, corners, in the utility rooms. If a permanent influx of air from the street is needed, then the best device does not exist for this.
In the case of fires, in rooms with fireplaces, these devices are easily versed and removed smoke. Today there are special modifications of these devices to improve traction in fireplaces.
Like other mechanisms, these aggregates are able to create air flows. They do it with the help wheels. These details differ in the following types:
In the case of radial wheels, it is important that the impeller blades are made of corrosion-resistant material. Thus, the aggressive impact of the external environment will not have a negative impact on equipment.
Axial devices are distinguished by low efficiency. They are used in general ventilation complexes. Radial equipment has indicators of the efficiency above. These are more powerful roof fans and their use is most relevant in exhaust complexes, that is, where aerodynamic resistance Very high.
If we consider the principal scheme, then these devices consist of an engine, casing, base, confuser.
Asynchronous three-phase motors are used as an electric motor. The casing performs the function of forming outgoing air flows. Also in the casing the wheels are mounted. The base serves to mount the design and its durable fixation on a concrete or brick platform. It is worth noting that before installing this unit, the playground must be prepared in advance.
The confusion is a special socket that collects and pulls the air out of the room.
In addition to these main nodes, the design includes additional details. This is a deflector. Its function is the protection of ventilation channels from natural precipitation. It is mounted inside the case of the model.
Also in the case of the system there are thermal sensors. They are designed to monitor the temperature of the electric motor. It seats the unit from overheating.
Roofing fans often have very large overall dimensions. Some models can reach up to 1.5 meters in diameter. That is why for the installation of these devices it is necessary to comply with the basic rules.
Installation is best on solid roof. For this you need to prepare special bearing structures on the air ducts or mines. Typically, these carriers are shut-off at the end of the duct channel.
On the soft roof Installation according to individual capabilities and schemes. Here options differ in terms of the situation.
If you have to install the system at the place of adjustment to the concrete or brick buildings, you must pre-water the wall. In order for the device to not collect on snow out of snow, special warmed deflectors should be mounted on the outputs.
Distinguish models in overall dimensions, performance level, devices power, sound pressure. Among the majority of roofing models, the following can be distinguished:
It is not necessary to install this equipment on the fireplace or oven chimney systems.
The choice of these devices is a complex process. In order to purchase the necessary roof fans and their use was due to the task, you need to consider the main points.
When choosing, it is important to consider the number of floors. For single-storey buildings, you can use axial models. In case the building is more than one floor, then only radial equipment.
Also, when choosing, it is necessary to take into account the volume of thermal load, for example, in case of fire. For residential premises, it is about 300 degrees. For offices - up to 400 degrees. For industrial and warehouse buildings - the volume is up to 450 degrees.
It is also important to place where the system will be mounted. Equipment for removing smoke will perfectly perform their functions and in single-storey houses, and in high-rise buildings.
In order not to make mistakes when choosing and not overpay for unnecessary functions, before purchasing, it is better to check all the moments. It will not be superfluous to get advice from an expert on this equipment. But the information provided is enough to select the desired device.
Description:
Roof (Rooftop) The ventilation and heating settings are autonomous type units, the manufacture and assembly of which, including electrician and automation, are manufactured by the manufacturer. Such installations are transported and delivered by a single block, ready for installation and insertion. Since its appearance, such systems were intended for the implementation of basic ventilation functions with the possibility of complete or partial supply air treatment: heating, cooling, moisturizing, draining, cleaning.
Roof (Rooftop) The ventilation and heating settings are autonomous type units, the manufacture and assembly of which, including electrician and automation, are manufactured by the manufacturer. Such installations are transported and delivered by a single block, ready for installation and insertion. Since its appearance, such systems were intended for the implementation of basic ventilation functions with the possibility of complete or partial supply air treatment: heating, cooling, moisturizing, draining, cleaning.
The production of roof ventilation and heating installations, constantly developing, in recent years has entered such a level when they fully respond to today's ways the most difficult and diverse requirements. Accordingly, the scope of their application has significantly expanded.
The development of technologies contributed to a significant expansion of the spectrum of the functions performed. Today, their number includes such that a few years ago were considered an exceptional prerogative, so-called, "application" (applied) settings collected directly at an object according to individual projects.
In addition to the functions listed above, in the composition of modern roof ventilation and heating installations, at least most of the high-performance systems, almost any equipment can be included. For example, drying systems with a rotary heat exchanger, natural gas heating systems, equipped with a burner or heating boiler and battery hot water, Free Cooling Heat Exchangers (Free Cooling) Outside Air, Outdoor Air Mixing Nodes with Recycling Air and Many Others. As a rule, close to models that provide only cooling, modifications with thermal pumps are established.
The gamma of the methods for regulating the operation of these aggregates expanded to the same extent. Now the installation management can be carried out over the interface " Automatic systems Life support buildings and structures "(Building Automation) or from remote telephone line control centers through a modem.
All these functions, at least, for the installations of medium and high power, the customer or the designer can choose and order on the "Mix and Match" principle (individual selection of a certain number of components) in order to collect the installation that meets the requirements of a specific project. The cooling capacity of the existing roof installations today vary from 5 to 600 kW per unit. Small power systems use the greatest demand, as the user prefers that not one and several systems are installed on the object. Most often, this is done in order to rational division of an object on the service area and in order to ensure reliability, in order to avoid the risk of a complete shutdown of the ventilation and heating system of the object in case of breakdown or accident.
If before the manufacturers offered quite a lot of roof ventilation and heating settings of a wide range of coverage, now this proposal was noticeably narrowed. Most of The proposed aggregates - zonal type. This was facilitated by the introduction of systems with adjustable air consumption (VAV) and, with recently, systems with adjustable consumption and air temperature (VVT), which allowed to ensure the coverage of all zone maintenance zones of an object of zonal type.
In systems with adjustable air consumption, the supply fans can be equipped with adjustable power engines either - even easier - air intake dampers that support air flow at a given level.
Most of the roof ventilation and heating plants are equipped with hermetic steam compression cooling circuits. To date, R22 is most often used as a cooling substance, although the compositions of the HFC group are also used.
The system provides priority condenser cooling in front of the air.
The wider use of the coolant condensers of an alternative type are sealed and semi-hermetic. Recently, condensers with spiral fins (Scroll) are becoming increasingly distribution.
One and more cooling contours
The number of cooling contours, on the basis of which the ventilation and heating unit is built, is caused by an indicator of the dischargeable coolant and, therefore, the standard size of the installation itself. Most often, the system with one or two hermetic compressors are used to provide small capacities and with semi-hermetic - for large.
The structural circuit of the roof ventilation and heating installation of medium-high power is shown in Fig. 1. The figure shows that the condensant drive assembly is located with the end of the installation, while the evaporator assembly, including the trim fan, is from the opposite. Between them are installed mixer, an outdoor air intake assembly, a recycler and a restart fan.
In fig. 2 is represented in the context of a real installation having the described characteristics. It is equipped with two hermetic capacitors and so many cooling circuits. The system is equipped gas air heater to provide air heating. There is also an exhaust fan that allows you to remove up to 100% air flow.
Of course, the system configuration may vary depending on the cooling capacity and constructive features object, as shown in Fig. 3.
This installation is still sold on the market. This middle-low power unit is equipped with a gas air heater and only one compressor (SCROLL), has one cooling circuit.
It is almost always when the installation has two cooling circuits, evaporators with two separate sections are used.
Sections can be separated vertically or installed face to face so that in any case covers the entire heat exchange surface. As an alternative to this solution, the pipes of both contours are located so that they cover the entire surface not only in height, but also in depth.
In essence, choosing a solution and determines the large or small system to control the level of relative humidity even at partial load.
The cooling capacity of the system, which is usually in its composition sealed compressors (SCROLL), is carried out by stopping and launching compressors on the thermostat command installed in the maintenance room.
But semi-hermetic compressors allow you to provide a change in power with a disconnection of a part of the cylinders. Another measure used, in particular, to ensure constant work with low loads - bypass of the heated gas.
The combination of power control and stopping compressors allows you to provide the desired heat load in normal operation.
The need to take into account climatic conditions when in the serviced premises is required to maintain a low level of relative humidity (about 40%) - for example, in overflowing restaurants or departments for supermarkets forced by cooling counters, the development of new technologies, which is based on the use of chemical adsorbents, liquid or solid (in particular, mentioned above RCI).
In addition, the technologies of the organization of cooling contours of the aggregates produced by serialo were also worked out to make a direct expansion system competitive in the energy plan at low levels of relative humidity. Cooling contour in fig. 4 represents one of the modern solutions of the system organization.
As can be seen in the figure, under the evaporator at the outlet of the condenser there is a coolant heat exchanger. Cold air at the exit of the evaporator cools the liquid that enters the evaporator in the form, which is more suitable for removing the "hidden" heat load. The cold processing unit turns on and turns off by the solenoid valve in the coolant circuit. The valve is controlled by a hygrostat installed in the maintenance room.
Thus, the drainage is turned on at full power only when it is really necessary. With such a configuration, according to manufacturers, the installation can provide the level of relative humidity up to 40% and remain quite attractive in terms of power consumption compared to traditionally used by other systems, in particular, heat pipes (Heat Pipes).
On the characteristics of roof ventilation and heating installations, as, however, and all other units with air cooledMounted on the roof of the building affects special conditions that are forming just at the level of roofing on hot days. On the black coated roof, layers of stationary air, having a temperature of 10 o C and more than the temperature of the outer air can be formed. As a result of this, on hot days, the efficiency of the aggregates may fall by 10% compared with passports. In some cases, the system may sneak or not start due to the high pressure relay.
It should be taken into account that, taking into account the performance of air-cooled machines, the condensation temperature, as a rule, turns out to be 14 є 16 ° C above the outdoor temperature over a dry thermometer. At air temperature 32 0С overheating the lower layers, due to the effect of the dark roof, can reach 42 o C. Consequently, the condensation temperature of the unit will jump to 56 є 58 o C, and in this mode, little installation can function.
For the same reasons, if the units are equipped with electronic blocks of adjustment of the fan speed, such blocks must be necessarily equipped with a corresponding cooling system, since they are usually not designed for hard temperature mode Roof systems.
Some measures taken at the stage construction workmay minimize the manifestations of this phenomenon. To cover the roof sections in the zone of the installation of roof units, use materials of light reflecting tones.
There are various configurations of roof ventilation and heating installations. A variety is determined by applied conditions and special requirements for the power of aggregates. A constructive choice in each individual case is due to the specific requirements of the life support of buildings and structures.
High-power installations are fully assembled at the factory, where their tests and pre-sale preparation are carried out. Then they disassemble separate nodes and delivered to the object.
The system presented in Fig. 5, was specially made to ensure the processing of 100% outdoor air. In its composition - refrigerator with air cooling and actual apparatus air handlingEquipped with filters, heat exchangers and fan. Both nodes are mounted on one platform. The installation ensures control over the level of humidity in the serviced room and the selection of heat from the removal air. Production of installations with cooling power from 700 to 2000 kW (this may seem incredible, but in America there is one manufacturer of such power systems), acquires completely different scales, as can be seen in Fig. 6.
In essence, these are already several machine rooms under the same roof, which must be mounted on the object. Screw compressors are used on the installations of such sizes. Fan blades, as a rule, have a wing profile, which reduces the noise level.
Such installations are trying to equip as a large number of life support systems, it is air conditioning, ventilation, heating and hot water supply. Most often such installations provide access and defined inner space service personnel.
Typically, the roofs are protected from above with a galvanized steel sheet with epoxy coating, insensitive to UV rays. Some manufacturers use PERALLUMAN for these purposes.
From the inside the system is equipped with thermal insulating mats usually thick from 25 to 50 mm in areas around the evaporator and the supply fan in order to combat condensate formation and heat exchange with an external environment.
Some manufacturers offer such installations, where all the outer walls are made of two panels, between which the thermal insulation material is laid. In these cases, the thickness of the panels also ranges from 25 to 50 mm.
Installations S. double wallsAlthough more expensive systems are more expensive, fully meet modern requirements for the hygienery of the processed air. Actually heat insulation material On the inside, moisture and dust is often impregnated and, therefore, forms a medium favorable to appear mold and fungus.
For all types of installations, the air, atmospheric precipitation and thawed waters should be ensured, because due to the features of the location and its rectangular forms in the winter period, significant snow masses accumulate on the roof installations.
Finally, it is necessary to keep in mind the aggressive nature of the impact of atmospheric reagents on the materials used in the manufacture of aggregates, especially with regard to the overall pollution of the atmosphere.
Installations in the usual design of the access panel are fastened with screws, quick-release elements are used on improved models. In other cases, the panels are mounted on hinged loops and easily open up, forming comfortable entrance doors.
In the installations of medium-low power, the supply and selection of air is carried out, as a rule, in a horizontal direction. For greater power systems, you can most often choose the direction of air supply - horizontally or vertically down. In the latter case, the neck of the air ducts is covered by the dimensions of the system and passes through the frame of the installation.
Heat exchangers are usually made of copper (pipeline) and aluminum (ribs). Taking into account the overall pollution of the atmosphere, often heat exchangers are painted with special protective compositions based on phenolic or epoxy resins. To work in the seaside regions, completely copper batteries are recommended.
Roof ventilation and heating installations of medium and medium-high power are mounted on a special platform. In the case when the fence and air supply is carried out in the vertical direction, the duct channels do not go beyond the perimeter of the platform (Fig. 7).
The role of the platform is extremely important. In addition to the formation of the reference area, it ensures the sealing of the system, since it has a bitumen base and increases the degree of waterproof of the roof. In all cases, the platform should be somewhat tied up to the level of roof so that in cases of intensive rains or snow falling water or water can be leaked inwards in places of loose installation on the platform.
Obviously, all work on the sealing and sealing of fasteners should be carried out at the installation of the system in accordance with the recommendations of the manufacturer of the aggregates.
Recommended at the stage mounting work To work out the solution to the problem of penetrating the noise of working units in the serviced premises. It should be noted that if the installation is located directly above the maintenance room, and the air ducts have a minimal length, then with a noticeable cost savings, the noise of the aggregates will be very tangible. In these cases, it is recommended to equip the entrance and outlet nozzles of the machines with the corresponding silencers. In general, in order to avoid problems of this kind, it is best to have the units on the disposal of the maintenance zones, for example, over corridors or service rooms. Another important aspect is the location of the system with respect to the exhaust openings of kitchens and toilets. It seems necessary to determine the wind rose, after which the distance settings of the system are calculated taking into account the dominant directions of the air mass movement. Emissions should not be delayed in the aggregates and reappear into the premises.
Winds can influence the operation of condenser fans and, therefore, on the cooling efficiency of the aggregates. With wind, fixed fans begin to rotate. If during rotation caused by the wind, the electrical inclusion of the mechanism is performed, single-phase fans most often continue to rotate in a specified wind direction. Consequently, if the direction of such rotation is erroneously, the passage of air through the capacitor will be blocked either be very limited with all the troubles that arise.
With three-phase fans there is another: they have a fixed side of rotation and, if the wind does the wind produces a rotation in the opposite direction, then when the engine is started, the force being created to overcome the wind power can damage the drive or blade.
In this regard, in places where strong winds blow, it is recommended to install additional defense Condenser assembly.
Air distribution from roof ventilation and heating installations is carried out by low-speed low pressure air ducts. From the vertical supply mine emerging through the roof, horizontal air ducts deployed at the level of ceiling floors are distinguished. Norms and installation rules do not differ from the work on the laying and equipment of conventional ventilation systems. Conventional ducts from sheet steel, fiberglass and typewich type are used. As a rule, air removal from the room is carried out from the space between the ceiling overlap and suspended ceiling And therefore does not require the laying of special air ducts.
Systems with adjustable air flow (VAV) or with adjustable flow and temperature (VVT) were widely used abroad, where the objects separating the object to the maintenance zone and, therefore, the possibility of regulating the air temperature in the room at the request of consumers, special attention is paid.
In fig. 8 shows the scheme roofing with adjustable air flow. The air supplied to the VAV node, equipped with a mechanical actuator, from where, in turn, the air is supplied to the air distributors of the served room. Installation scheme with adjustable air flow and temperature VVT, equipped with electric valves, is shown in Fig. nine.
In the devices of this type there are two working modes - cold and warm. Switching from one to another is made by the system adjustment unit in accordance with valid operational needs.
As in most autonomous direct expansion air conditioners, the average ratio of air flow and the dischargeable cooling power is about 200 m 3 / h to the cooling kW dusted at admission of about ± 20%. With the same values \u200b\u200bof installation with a lower air flow rate - about 160 m 3 / h - allow to provide higher moisture absorption and, therefore, more suitable for loads mainly on "hidden" heat, including quite intensive.
And, on the contrary, more powerful installations - from 240 m 3 / h per kW - provide less drainage and can be recommended to work in conditions of sufficiently tangible loads.
Roof ventilation and heating systems with full right can qualify for successful use for the implementation of very complex technological tasks. At civilian facilities, such installations with high quality work in the composition of the life support systems of buildings, and energy consumption does not exceed the indicators of the traditional type systems. That such a statement is true testifies wide use Units of this kind in the United States. The appearance on the market of modern systems with adjustable consumption and air temperature VVT \u200b\u200bis another certificate in favor of selecting installation data that gives the advantage of independent zonal regulation. It would be natural to expect that in Italy, the roof ventilation and heating installations will find a successful application from a wide range of users.
Reprinted from RCI magazine, December 1997
Translation from Italian S.N. Blekova
