Rospotrebnadzor (SES) is responsible for the safety of the population during the operation of real estate. Therefore, this organization does not allow many institutions to work, for example, schools and kindergartens who did not provide an act of verifying the efficiency of ventilation.
This is especially true of new buildings and those institutions where the repair work was conducted, ventilation systems were replaced. Although this paper does not apply to the category of documents of strict reporting, without it, the functioning of the school, kindergarten Or any other institution where people spend a long time, it is impossible.
Files
Every year, before the start of the school year, and before the commissioning of the facility requires such a document. At the same time, chemical cabinets and laboratories are on a special account. Checking these premises can be carried out once every 3 months. This is due to the possibility of long-staying substances harmful to the health.
In addition, the preparation of the document is necessary in the operation of industrial, production and warehouse complexes. No production will do without it.
Controlling and executive bodies (in particular, Rospotrebnadzor) are guided by a number of documents that are a legal framework for compiling acts. One of these fundamental documents is the Federal Law "On Sanitary and Epidemiological Well-Bearing" No. 52.
Methods acceptable when checking systems are thoroughly described in GOST 12.4.021-75 or 12.1.005-88. You can also use to obtain information inter-sectoile ventilation systems.
The parameters that need to be met by certain institutions are clearly spelled out in SNiP 41-01-2008 or SNiP 41-01-2003 (depends on the specific case and type of building).
All organizations having a SRO at admission 24.14 are suitable for performing this type of work. (adjusting ventilation systems, air conditioning).
Sanstanda, having carried out a check, enters its result to the equipment passport. And U. ventilation equipment There may be three varieties of passports: a construction, operational and special passport of the gas target installation.
At the same time, one copy of the act is stored in Rospotrebnadzor, one - in the institution itself, which was conducted.
The document must be called at the top of the page. Below is the name of the object and the place of its actual location (address).
In the right part - the date of drawing up (this is a paper cap). This form is most effective than the protocol.
Then the members of the Commission are then listed. Be sure to have the name and initials, the position of the person (technical supervision representative, representative construction organization etc.). 
For residential and non-residential buildings there are various forms of this document.
For non-residential, it is enough to specify:
For residential buildings, schools and kindergartens, a document requires greater detail.
If there is a test of large objects with powerful equipment and their large number (10 or more), then additional specialists may be needed.
Also in the act you must additionally specify:
Ventilation is estimated both natural and mechanical (installation, equipment). Its effectiveness, depending on the circumstances, is measured both directly by measuring the air flow rate in the air ducts annecomater and indirectly.
The last method is more complicated, as it requires measuring the concentration of substances and a much more advanced equipment list: flashlight, micrometer, tachometer, thermometer and much more. After the fence, you will need to process the samples taken in the laboratory.
The Commission is obliged to pay attention to certain parameters and fix:
The value is determined by the formula:
K \u003d (TU - TPR) / (Ton - TPR),
According to the standards in the average graduate class, the air exchange rate should not be below 16 m3 / h, and in the dining room - at least 20. For residential houses The requirements are less rigid, but control over their observance is the case of the SES.
The latter organization is obliged to familiarize themselves with the act before entering the residential premises, and to update it in 5 years. But when driving tenants (for example, for the transfer of a case to court), such a document can be drawn up for the previous time.
After the descriptive part in the act, the recommendation is possible: what conclusions made a commission, there are ways to optimize the existing ventilation system, which maximum permissible parameters are acceptable, etc.
Signatures at the bottom of the document for all members of the Commission are required.
Passportization ventilation systems (in Tyumen, Omsk and Novosibirsk);
The multiplicity of air exchange including overweight 50pa, breathability (airfield);
Checking the efficiency of ventilation systems;
Adjustment of ventilation systems;
Production control over compliance with sanitary rules;
Drawing up a defective vendor of the ventilation system;
Assistance to customers in the acceptance of the installation of the ventsystem after the completion of the work by the assembly organization;
Energy saving, energy efficiency, reasonable reduction in energy consumption.
Works on the expertise of the performance and efficiency of ventilation systems must be fulfilled on the basis of the requirements of "Intersectoral Rules for Labor Protection When using Chemicals" Pot PM - 004 - 97 and " General rules Explosion safety for explosion hazardous chemical, petrochemical and oil refineries »PB 09 - 540-20 p. 3.43. All ventilation systems should be in good condition and are subject to testing in the process of exploitation in the detection of non-compliance of the content of harmful production impurities in the air of the working area, the requirements of GOST 12.1.005, as well as after the repair of ventilation systems. P. 3.44. Ventilation systems located in rooms with aggressive media must be checked for the state and strength of the walls and the fastening elements of the air ducts, ventilation devices and claimed facilities In the deadlines set by the administration, but at least once a year.
Some regulationsConditioning
The need to certify and verify the effectiveness of ventilation systems:
1. GOST 12.4.021-75. System of labor safety standards. Ventilation systems. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS.
(Excerpts)
1. GENERAL PROVISIONS
1.1. Ventilation systems for production premises In a complex with technological equipment that distinguishes harmful substances, excessive heat or moisture, should provide meteorological conditions and air purity that meet the requirements of GOST 12.1.005-88, on permanent and time workplaces in the work area of \u200b\u200bindustrial premises.
In the serviced area of \u200b\u200badministrative and domestic premises of industrial enterprises, as well as in the premises of public buildings, meteorological conditions should be provided in accordance with the requirements of the construction standards and the rules for the design of heating, ventilation and air conditioning, approved by the USSR State Building.
3. Requirements for ventilation systems
During operation and repair
3.1. Requirements for ventilation systems during operation
3.1.1. Emissioning systems are allowed to operate, fully passing work and having instructions for use according to GOST 2.601-95, passports, repair and operation logs.
The instructions for the operation of ventilation systems should reflect the questions of explosion and fire safety.
3.1.2. Planned inspections and verification of the compliance of ventilation systems with the requirements of this standard should be carried out in accordance with the schedule approved by the Administration of the Object.
3.1.3. Preventive inspections of premises for ventilation equipment, sewage disposals and other elements of ventilation systems serving rooms with rooms of categories A, B and B should be carried out at least once again to shift with the inspection results in the operation log. The faults detected at the same time are subject to immediate elimination.
2. SP 73.13330.2012. Actualized Edition Snip 3.05.01-85 Domestic Sanitary-Technical Systems of Buildings(excerpts)
8.1.3 Ventilation and air conditioning
8.1.3.1 When adjusting systems for air project costs, accomplish:
check the actual execution of ventilation and air conditioning systems of project documentation and the requirements of this section;
testing fans when working on a network, checking the actual conformity technical characteristics passport data, including: air flow and total pressure, rotational speed, power consumption, etc.;
checking the uniformity of heating (cooling) of heat exchangers and checking the absence of moisture takeaway through damasters of irrigation chambers or air coolers;
determination of flow and resistance of dust collecting devices;
checking the actions of exhaust devices of natural ventilation;
testing and adjusting the ventilation network of systems in order to achieve project indicators on air flow rate in air ducts, local suction, by air exchange indoors and definitions in systems of subcometations or air loss.
Deviation of indicators by air consumption from the provided project documentation After adjustment and testing of ventilation and air conditioning systems:
within ± 8% - by air consumption passing through air distribution and air-actuate devices of general ventilation and air conditioning facilities under the condition of the required submissions (pouring) air conditioning;
up to +8% - by air flow, removed through local suction and served through fragrant nozzles.
8.1.3.2 On each ventilation and air conditioning system, a passport is drawn up in two copies in the form of the application
3. MU 4425-87 Sanitary and hygienic control of industrial ventilation systems
(Excerpts)
1. GENERAL PROVISIONS
1.7. Existing ventilation systems should be regularly inspected by ventilation by ventilation or sanitary laboratories in the following dates:
a) indoors where it is possible to release harmful substances 1 and 2 hazard class - 1 time per month.
b) local exhaust systems and local ventilation-1 time per year
c) Community ventilation systems of mechanical ventilation-1 sow at 3 years
Control over compliance with the frequency of verification must be carried out by SanEpidemstations.
In the event of the reconstruction of the ventilation systems, after changing the technological process, equipment and rebuilding, the check should be carried out immediately after reconstruction, regardless of the control time.
4. SanPine 2.2.3.757-99 enterprises of individual industries, agriculture, communications, transport. Working with asbestos and asbestos-containing materials
(Excerpts)
4.6. Ventilation and heating
4.6.22. All ventilation plants as newly mounted and commissioned after reconstruction or overhaulmust be tested in order to determine their effectiveness. According to the tests and adjustment, a passport must be drawn up for each ventilation system.
4.6.23. Ventilation settings must be equipped with fixtures (shells, fittings, etc.) for controlling and measuring speed, temperature, etc. in air ducts, regulation of air volumes.
4.6.24. Testing, adjustment and adjustment of ventilation systems should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of SNiP "Sanitary and technical equipment of buildings and structures" and the GOST "Ventilation systems. Aerodynamic test methods."
4.6.25. Control of the operation of ventilation systems and dust equipment should be carried out regularly In accordance with the requirements of "Instructions for sanitary and hygienic control of systems for ventilation of industrial premises", methodical indications "Sanitary and hygienic control systems for ventilation of industrial premises" and GOST "Protection of nature. Atmosphere. Methods for determining the speed and consumption of gas-pepped flows that depart from stationary sources of pollution ".
4.7.1. Air working area
4.7.1.4. The multiplicity and frequency of planned sanitary control is established depending on the hazard class of hazardous substances. When entering the air of the working zone of harmful substances of grade 2 - at least once a month, 3 hazard classes - at least 1 time per quarter.
Note: Asbestos-containing materials are used everywhere, for example, slate, asbestos cement pipes I.T.D.
5. RD 153-39.4-056-00 Rules for the technical operation of trunk oil pipelines.
(Excerpts)
Ventilation of industrial premises
4.2.94 Checking the efficiency of ventilation systems should be carried out in the prescribed manner and not less than 1st time per year.
6.D-12-253-98
Methodical guidelines for oversight in gas facilities
4.1. Supervision of the operation of gas farms industrial, utilities and agricultural enterprises and objects
4.3.13. Control I. compliance project ventilation performance in explosive rooms; The presence of local suns, the use of exhaust fans only in explosion-proof execution, availability check valves on aircraft aircraft systems, equipment of the pumping and compressor separation of emergency ventilation in addition to the supply - exhaust; The presence of blocking of fans of exhaust systems with electrical drives of pumps of compressors and other equipment installed in explosive rooms in accordance with the safety rules in the gas economy; The presence in explosive premises of the GSF, GNP and AGNS of the alarms of the gas base. Availability annual checksum check Efficiency of ventilation systems by a specialized organization.
Note: in Omsk and Omsk region. Many gas boiler houses were commissioned.
7. SanPine 2.1.3.1375-03 Hygienic requirements for accommodation, device, equipment and operation of hospitals, maternity hospitals and other healing hospitals
6.38. Preventive inspection and repair of ventilation systems and air conditioning air ducts should be carried out according to
approved schedule at least 2 times a year. Eliminating current faults, defects should be carried out without delay.
6.39. Administration medical institution Control over the parameters of the microclimate and contamination of the chemicals of the air environment, the operation of the ventilation systems and the multiplicity of air exchange in the following premises - in the main functional rooms of operating, postoperative, generic, chambers of intensive therapy, oncohematological, egoing offices, FTO, premises for storing potent and poisonous substances , pharmacy warehouses, premises for making medicines, laboratories, separation of therapeutic dentistry, special premises of radiological offices and in other premises, in the cabinets, using chemical and other substances and compounds that can adversely affect human health - 1 time in 3 months; - infectious, incl. tuberculosis hospitals (departments), bacteriological, viral laboratories, radicals - 1 time in 6 months;
- in the rest of the premises - 1 time in 12 months.
8. FZ No. 52-F3 on the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population
1. The atmospheric air in urban and rural settlements in the territories of the industrial organization, as well as air in the work areas of industrial premises, residential and other premises should not be adversely affected by a person. Etc.
Note: There is a practice, a state sanitary doctor issues an order to verify the effectiveness of ventilation systems. The test is conducted by SanEpidemstation or another attracted organization. The validity period of the test results is taken. Systems 1 year. (according to SanEpidemadzor).
9. Sanpin 2.2.4.548-96 Hygienic requirements for microclimate of industrial premises
6.4. When providing permissible magnitles of microclimate at workplaces:
In this case, the absolute air temperature values \u200b\u200bshould not go beyond the limits specified in Table. 2 for individual categories of work.
6.5. At air temperature at workplaces 25 ° C and above the maximum permissible values \u200b\u200bof the relative humidity of the air should not go beyond:
70% at air temperature 25 ° C;
65% - at air temperature 26 ° C;
60% at air temperature 27 ° C;
55% - at air temperature 28 ° C.
6.6. At air temperature of 26-28 ° C air speed indicated in Table. 2 for the warm season, must correspond to the range:
6.7. The permissible magnitudes of the intensity of thermal irradiation of working on workplaces from production sources heated to the dark luminescence (materials, products, etc.) should correspond to the values \u200b\u200bshown in Table. 3.
table 2
Permissible values \u200b\u200bof microclimate indicators
n.and workplace of industrial premises
|
Air temperature, ° С |
Temperature |
Relative |
Air speed, m / s |
||||
|
work on the level of energy consumption, W |
range below optimal values |
range above optimal values |
surfaces, ° С |
air humidity, |
for the range of air temperature below optimal values, no more |
for the air temperature range above the optimal values, not more than ** |
|
|
Cold |
|||||||
|
III (more than 290) |
|||||||
|
III (more than 290) |
|||||||
* At air temperatures 25° C and more than the maximum values \u200b\u200bof relative humidity should be taken in accordance with the requirements of clause 6.5.
** At air temperatures 26-28° With the speed of air in the warm period of the year, must be taken in accordance with the requirements of paragraph 6.6.
10. SP 1.1.1058-01. Sanitary rules. Organization and conduct of production control over compliance with sanitary rules and the implementation of sanitary-anti-epidemic (preventive) events.
II. The procedure for organizing and conducting production control
2.3. Objects of production control are industrial, public premises, buildings, facilities, sanitary protection zones, sanitary protection areas, equipment, transport, technological equipment, technological processes, jobs used to perform work, providing services, as well as raw materials, semi-finished products, finished products, production and consumption waste.
2.4. Production control includes:
d) control over the presence of certificates, sanitary and epidemiological conclusions, personal medical records, sanitary passports for transport, other documents confirming the quality, safety of raw materials, semi-finished products, finished products and technologies of their production, storage, transportation, implementation and disposal in cases provided for in cases current legislation;
III. Requirements for the program (plan) of production control
3.3. A list of chemicals, biological, physical and other factors, as well as industrial control facilities representing the potential hazard for humans and their habitat (control critical points), in respect of which the organization of laboratory research and testing is needed, indicating the points in which sampling is carried out (laboratory tests and tests are carried out), and the periodicity of sampling (laboratory research and testing).
By definition and common sense, the effectiveness of ventilation is the ability to create the required quality of the air in the serviced room.
The efficiency of ventilation is set by the methods of tool control of the air of the working area. If in normal operation, the concentration of the main pollutant is in the regulatory limits, then ventilation is effective.
In today's practice, a slightly different understanding was entrenched: ventilation efficiency is called its compliance with the project or regulations, ideally and the other.
In general, it is incorrect, because The relevant project and regulations of the ventilation system may be ineffective, i.e. Do not provide the required quality of the air.
But for a long time to explain it to every potential customer at the first acquaintance is difficult, so when you ask checking the effectiveness of ventilation, I immediately believe that the instrumental control of ventilation systems for compliance with standards is needed - and in nine cases out of ten it turns out. Usually requests an effectiveness test at the request of the inspectors of Rospotrebnadzor.
To be more accurate, I try myself, and I propose to colleagues, call this work "Checking the effectiveness of ventilation systems". So the customers are clear, and technically it can be understood that we are talking about the aerodynamic tests of ventilation systems, and not tool air control of the working area.
Periodic check of ventilation efficiency is part of a system of efficient operation of buildings. Theoretically, the owner of the respective objects or its tenants is interested in this.
Almost small and medium-sized entrepreneurs are engaged in ventilation only if it is impossible to work without it or dangerous: in the loaded by painting and welding production, etc.
On large industrial enterprisesIn medical and general educational institutions, ventilation control is carried out by state inspections, so the owners are forced to periodically provide documents on ventilation efficiency.
Such documents are correctly decorated passports of ventilation systems, consolidated diversity tables of air exchange, aerodynamic test protocols. In fact, the ventilation is not always verified.
This work refers to industrial control measures.
The purpose of the ventilation is to provide no less than the regulatory air exchange, the norms are developed on the minimum safe air consumption.
Thus, any deviation from the regulatory air exchange at a smaller side is harmful to health. The air is not enough to efficiently dilute the distinguished harmfulness and maintenance of an acceptable oxygen concentration. In rooms with people, the most characteristic increase in carbon dioxide concentration. Signs of insufficient ventilation are as follows:
Indoors with moisture executions, these are kitchens, showers, swimming pools, etc. With insufficient ventilation, the walls are fed and, sometimes, walls. This is especially bad, as it contributes to the development of fungi.
To start operations to operate after the installation is completed, commissioning works are carried out, as a result of which the project indicators are provided.
But the parameters of the ventilation plants and networks do not remain constant, over time they change, usually towards reducing the air exchange and network inflammatory.
To make sure that the actual air exchanges provided by ventilation correspond to the design or regulatory, periodic ventilation tests are carried out - the effectiveness test.
Regulatory periodicity is determined by sanitary standards, SanPiN, CH and methodical guidelines. The annual checks for local ventilation are usually required, once every three years for general and curtains.
At large enterprises with serious attitude to health, periodicity is established by themselves, not less often, of course, regulatory, but sometimes more often - so modern supply installations Complex and less reliable, need more frequent check.
In addition, the installation of networks is not always done well enough to guarantee long-term operation without leaks. When putting installation facilities, they work, but then the network is depressled. If this happens in an unavailable place, it is possible to determine such a defect only after measurement.
If the regulatory documents indicate that the verification is carried out by the licensed organization, then the admission of SRO is needed, the license was canceled.
If in the standards it is said that accreditation is needed, then a accredited laboratory is needed accordingly.
If there is no explicit instruction, then for most objects, an individual entrepreneur can hold work.
To start work, the Customer must compile a technical task to verify the effectiveness of ventilation systems. From the task, the composition of work, work and additional wishes of the customer should be clear.
After receiving the creation, we first consider the estimate if the price suits, the work program is drawn up and a detailed estimate. We work with all new ones with customers with a full or partial prepayment and phased payment.
The main device from the efficiency check: diffmanema, thermocouple, Pito-Prandtle tube.
The proportions of the requests received by our industries are shown in the diagram. In industry, it is primarily metallurgy and mechanical engineering, in medicine, medium and large hospitals, individual X-ray.
Sample queries in diagram:
According to the method, all instrumental measurements are performed in accordance with the composition of the work. Usually experienced fans and networks, this is enough to report inspections. Other measurements may also be needed for their own needs.
We do not make electrical measurements, it is prohibited by safety rules. Such measurements are carried out electrotechnical laboratories or services of the enterprise itself.
In some enterprises try to extract maximum benefit From measurements, spend them in three seasons, in winter, in the summer and in transition, which allows the results when comparing the results to obtain some kind of measurements when adjusting to the sanitary effect.
Records about the actual parameters of the juncture are made in passports. Processors are applied to passports. The ambient air exchange table is drawn up separately.
The technical report is not required, but can be provided if it is in technical launch. The report may contain: summary tables of ventilation parameters, balance sheets, defect statements, defects' elimination measures, in one word, everything that the performer can do and from which the customer's specialists can receive useful information.
The demand for the definition of energy efficiency and developing measures to increase it. It makes sense in this, in some enterprises, 20-30% of electricity is spent on the drive of the fans, so that you can save.
Technically, it is easy for a specialist to determine the actual efficiency of the ventilation system and compare it with theoretical and practically achievable. But to increase efficiency, it is usually necessary to change the engines and significantly change the network, it rarely go.
On existing medical facilities, measurements are hampered by the presence of low-propelled patients, the requirements for sterility of some rooms, clutter of chambers and auxiliary premises.
In the background, the fan on the right of the recuperator.
In industrial enterprises in the service of operation sometimes there are experts!
Our advantage is specialization. For any type of work related to the effectiveness and production control of ventilation systems, we will make better and cheaper than less specialized colleagues.
I registered right in Yandex on this updated article.
Of course, I'm interested in what they write on the topic of ventilation on the Internet - I will say so, I use Wikipedia, but in my professional field I find her items completely unsatisfactory. Sometimes even erroneous. This is alarming and when reading on the themes in which I am not a specialist.
Similar picture and profile sites. Articles are not written by specialists, but some "copywriters", which score their masterpieces based on the results of the search on the Internet. So I often see unspecified and, sometimes, insightful quotes from their articles.
But the fact is that while in the technical context of its specialty, I know the profile literature, especially regulatory, and I use the terms in their technical meaning.
Copywriters, with all due respect to the best of them, are not capable of this, since they do not have a specialized education. Even rewriting my articles, they make many mistakes.
Examples below:
there is no such term: there are channels in the construction execution, which sometimes call mines, and actually, air ducts
there is a statement of defects
there is no such term - there is a statement of defects. Unfortunately, one of my colleagues hardly uses this improper phrase. So drank him in his youth. I, in turn, I say "Turbulence", as one of the authoritative mentors for me said a long time ago.
This is mistake. But as it happens now, this error is about the "defective statement", spread among the amateurs and penetrated even into the illiterate regulatory and technical documentation of the new "generation".
Ventilation efficiency is a largely consumer characteristic as the taste of the baton. You need to be a bake to appreciate the taste of the baton.
For example: and mansions often violated the standard for minimal air exchange. But in fact, if one person accounts for 20-30 square meters of the square, then quite natural ventilation and breathability of structures, i.e. Unorganized air exchange. Forced ventilation need not.
Specialist is needed if there is a problem.
Having conducted aerodynamic tests, the specialist determines whether the ventilation corresponds to the project. If it matches, but the consumer is dissatisfied (taste, so to speak, bault), then the specialist concludes that for this consumer the minimum requirements for ventilation reflected in the project displayed in the standards are insufficient.
There are pneumometric tubes. And pittering holes. I don't like this term, because there are tubes of Miot, Syota, Niyogaz, Wti, etc. Pito tube is a special case, also called incorrectly - the most common tube for aerodynamic measurements is a Pito-Prandtle tube, - but in foreign practice it has been fixed as "Pitot Tube" and our often repeat this inaccuracy
How to correctly check the ventilation in the apartment, you know, probably not many. Meanwhile, the control of the performance of this system is very important. In our article we will tell, why it is necessary to periodically perform such checks as they different waysAnd also what to do, ate as a result we received disappointing data.
Checking the effectiveness of ventilation systems is performed both in production and in residential buildings.
It is carried out to solve a number of tasks, namely:
Note!
According to current standards, the frequency of checking the ventilation channels is at least once a year, and with the year-round use of heating and cooking equipment (furnaces, boilers) - at least twice.
As you can see, check the operation of the air exchange network. Most often, this is done by specialized organizations, but to control and timely eliminate problems should learn how to do it and do it yourself.
Instructions for checking exhaust ventilation in apartment house Pretty simple. You can perform this task with almost no tools using only a sheet of thin paper (tissue or toilet).
Checking the ventilation systems is performed as follows:
Note!
The sheet should be pressed against the wall only when submission close.
Already at a distance of about 15 cm, the thrust force is no more than 5% of the real traction of the channel.
It should be noted that often the question of how to check the ventilation in the new building, recommended to replace the paper with a candle or lighter. At the same time, the flame should deviate towards the lattice in proportion to the air flow rate.
In principle, this method is also quite indicative. However, representatives of gas services strongly recommend them not to use: combine gas can accumulate in communications, which came there as a result of leaks, and the open flame will provoke an explosion in close space.
Instrumental testing of the efficiency of ventilation systems is more accurate, but at the same time more cost. It uses special devices that register air movement - anemometers.
Tip!
For self-use, it is enough to purchase a household model (the price is about 1,500 rubles).
Professionals use more reliable and accurate devices equipped with remote sensors and built-in computing modules.
The verification technique itself is almost similar to those described in the previous section:
It should be noted that in some cases there are errors in measurements. Thus, with high outer temperatures (+30 0 s and above), the movement in Ventkanal slows down significantly, and the devices can register the reverse traction. This, naturally, is not talking about the malfunction of the system, but about temporary problems in its work.
If you analyze the main reasons that cause malfunctions exhaust system, then allocate the following:
| Cause | Remedy |
| The unsatisfactory state of the ventilation channel caused by the lack of timely service. After several years without any practices, the mine is mad and overlays a web that cannot but affect the quality of her work. | The solution to the problem is obvious - you need to clean the ventilation moves. On the part of the apartment, only the preventive processing of branch is performed, while the bulk of the work is carried out on the roof or technical floor.
|
| Installation of hermetic windows and doors that reduce natural ventilation and blocking air flow. First of all it concerns the metal-plastic window structures and doors with a polymer seal around the perimeter. | To activate the drawing, you need to provide a nominal influx. This is done either due to the constant ventilation of the room, or by installing. The laps can be mounted both on the opening windows and directly into the thickness of the wall.
|
| High outdoor temperature leading to the formation of reverse thrust. | It is possible to radically correct the situation only by mounting the fans built into the ventilation channels for forced exhaust. Also a little helps constant ventilation and regular cleaning of channels. |
Information on how to check the ventilation in the apartment will be useful to anyone who cares about maintaining the optimal microclimate in its home. Especially since this is quite simple, especially if you follow the advice given above, as well as methods shown in the video in this article.
The construction control technology provides services for verifying the effectiveness of ventilation systems at facilities:
production facilities and complexes;
medical organizations and institutions;
x-ray cabinets;
dental clinics;
public I. administrative buildings;
cafes, restaurants, catering organizations;
shopping centers and shops;
apartment houses with systems of natural and mechanical ventilation;
individual houses and cottages.
According to the results of the inspection, we draw up and enter the data in the passport of the ventilation system, provide the protocols of an accredited laboratory, issue acts, references and technical reports on verification.
What is the effectiveness of the ventilation system effectiveness?
Checking the effectiveness of the ventilation system is to check the compliance of air exchange in the premises of the requirements laid down in the project or requirements of sanitary and hygienic standards.
Why do you need verification of efficiency?
A properly designed, mounted and well-established ventilation system is not visible and not heard. But, alas, this is found not often. But the meaning of ventilation is to ensure the quality of air quality necessary for the work, life and health of the human quality! Therefore, the violation in the work of the Ventsystems primarily act on the health and well-being of people. The indirect signs of unsatisfactory ventilation is poor health, drowsiness, reduction of labor productivity. In order to avoid negative consequences Due to violations in the operation of ventilation and need to check its effectiveness.
The only way to verify ventilation efficiency is tool control. The professional accurate name of this work will be "aerodynamic testing of ventilation systems."
Using devices on the established methodology, specialists determine the actual parameters of the ventilation operation and compare them with design or regulatory, if there are established norms for this object.
Properly working ventilation is needed to those who exploit the object. If ventilation is ineffective, it is better to turn it off to save thermal and electrical energy.
Periodicity check
The frequency of testing of ventilation efficiency for most objects is once a year for exhaust and local intake, once every three years for a secrecy supply and air curtain. This frequency is established in the relevant sanitary standards, which are designed for many types of objects, for example:
If there is no sectoral standard, they turn to the old methodologically instructions for Rospotrebnadzor:
for local exhaust and supply systems once a year;
for general, I. natural Systems Once every three years.
Such frequency may be sufficient for systems that have passed high-quality commissioning. With a bad commissioning or its absence, which is found very often, the systems immediately work inefficiently.
Mounting quality is also of great importance. Wrong technological solutions, unjustified use of aluminum tape and flexible air ducts, poor fasteners lead to the fact that during the first year of the network operation is very quickly losing hermeticity, and when the first check is performed after the year of operation, defects are detected, as a result of which air exchanges are less than the normative.
Given this, it can be assumed that the first test of efficiency after commissioning is better to carry out as early as possible, in the first year of operation. The frequency of subsequent checks can be increased, modern supply installations are better to check more often - annually. Community hoods usually work stably, they can be checked and less common - once every three years.
Curtains I. roof fans really do not need frequent check, they or work, or not, all life, so that they can be checked less frequently, every five years.
Standards
The main standard for checking the ventilation is a project approved by Rospotrebnadzor authorities. In all rooms there should be design air exchange and balance sheets. Standards are often tied to the volume of the premises, and are made in the form of multiplicity of air exchange.
If the project is absent, then it is possible to use industry sanitary standards, SanPiN. If there is no sectoral sanitary standard, use construction standards, SNIP and SP. If there are no them, then you can refer to the recommendations on the design of the relevant objects.
The composition of the work
The composition of the work is determined by the needs of the customer. For example, vibration measurements make it possible to understand that the fan motor is very worn and may soon fail. It is important information and for some industrial and medical and medical industry, it is critical because work without ventilation is impossible. Therefore, the engine or ventilation is changed to their actual failure. In addition to standard vibration diagnostics, our laboratory is also applied to thermal imaging diagnostics. Checking the thermal imager of ventilation units immediately shows the engine or bearings engine or nodes.
If there is no complaints about noise and vibration, and a simple separate ventilation system for one or two weeks can be allowed, then the vibration can not be measured.
Technical task
Knowing its real needs, the customer is a technical task for checking ventilation, according to which it is possible to determine the composition and scope for a particular object.
Sometimes the customer has no technical experts, then he instructs the development of the maintenance by the Contractor. In this case, before drawing up the task, a preliminary examination of the ventilation state of the object is necessary. It happens that systems are not exploited from the moment of construction and partially dismantled, but continue to be listed in force.
If the task is done without a prior examination, then most likely the amount of work and the price will be overestimated.
Program of work
Based on the technical task and the documentation provided by the Customer (project, passport, technical reports), the Contractor develops and coordinates the work program.
Specificity specificity check
To verify ventilation efficiency, it is characteristic that the work is performed on the current object. Work features depend on the type of object.
For medical objects, this means matching graphs with a schedule for the use of premises. For example, operating work is carried out before disinfection.
In the shopping complexes of work in the trading room are not carried out during the peak attendance. For some types of objects, work is possible only at night.
There are restrictions on permissible instruments on reconciliation.
Methodik
Meeting of measurements is a general-industry, GOST 12.3.018-79. Large organizations based on it often develop and approve their techniques, taking into account the modern dashboard or foreign techniques.
Performers
Our ventilation laboratory is accredited to all types of measurements associated with checking ventilation efficiency.
Accreditation means that specialists, dashboard, methodical and regulatory framework, the system of internal quality control of our laboratory are checked by an independent civil service - Federal Accredit Office, and recognized as relevant requirements.
In regulations associated with medicine, as well as in some sectoral norms, such as a hundred Russian Railways 15.003-2014, the availability of accreditation at the laboratory is a mandatory requirement.
results
The results of the inspections are made in the passport of the annotation of the measurement dates, protocols are issued, usually in two copies, one is applied to the passport. Where the norms are expressed in multiples, the diversity table is additionally provided.
Sometimes the customer wants to obtain more complete information in the form of a technical report, air balances and defect statements. This requirement must be coordinated before the start of work.
If a detailed technical report is required with the statement of defects and the activities to restore or improving the parameters of work, in the setup links should not include not only the measurers, but also an experienced ventilation engineer.
