Classic laminated parquet is a thin, rigid flooring for the floor. Due to sufficient wear resistance and unpretentiousness, he quickly gained popularity, becoming one of the popular coatings for residential and commercial premises.
Structurally, the finishing material consists of four layers:
Overlea - thermopolymer reservoir that protects facing material from damage, water, dirt. Depending on the hardness of this layer, the laminate is assigned a load class - from 21 to 43.
Decorative paper with the image of the parquet, massive board, textiles, leather, stone surface. Thanks to high-precision industrial printers, quite realistic imitation is obtained.
Carrier plate with a puzzle club click-lock on the ends. It is made of high density Fiberboard - up to 1100 kg / m³. Thickness varies from 6 to 14 mm, the processing of lock compounds with hydrophobic compositions is possible.
The lower stabilizing layer, which is a paper impregnated with synthetic resins. Protects the coating from the residual black floor humidity and significantly reduces the risk of deformation of the planks.
Pluses a lot of laminate. Including:
Note minuses outdoor material. First of all, these are high demands on the ground, as well as the need for a device for full noise insulation under a concrete or dry tie (for apartment houses from 2 floors and higher).
In addition, the HDF-floor is not water vehicles, therefore, with long-term interaction with liquids, the plank swell, deform.
The choice of laminate for an apartment or private house is due to two indicators: the purpose of the room and the operational load.
The latter combines a number of damaging factors: the level of foot traffic, the presence of abrasives, the likely impact of claws of dogs and cats, the risk of cigarette ashes, water, coloring and caustic liquids, etc.
Based on the above, consultants recommend:
For bedrooms, children's, guest and other premises with low attendance - coating 23 and 31stroke classes with a thickness of 7-8 mm.
For halls, cabinets, kitchens, hallways, loggias - Laminated parquet 31-32 Load categories with a cross section of 8-10 mm with moisture-resistant impregnation of locks. In extreme cases, when laying, you can handle compounds with special compositions or sealing masses.
Laminate is a popular flooring, the applications of which limited its low moisture resistance. Even wet cleaning gradually led to the swelling of the plates and deformation of the seams. The appearance of products on the market with increased moisture resistance provided the possibility of laying laminate in rooms with elevated levels of humidity - in kitchens, bathrooms, corridors - and frequent wet cleaning.
To this type of flooring includes laminate capable of resisting moisture in the air and summary withstand direct exposure to water. In moisture resistant outdoor panels included a fibreboard of high density stove, in which add:
Moistproof must not only be smplifts, but also the seams between them. For this, the castle compound is impregnated with paraffin or wax in high-temperature conditions. Such a protective layer prevents the penetration of moisture into wood fibers.
Moisture resistance of seams is an important detail.
Attention! If the slab sweeps as a result of moisture, it is useless to dry it. It is necessary to replace all the coating or its plot.
This type of flooring can be divided into two groups: limited waterproof and waterproof. The first group includes panels that, like moisture-resistant, are made on the basis of high density Feds with a complex of additives of various functionality. Manufacturers clearly indicate the maximum allowable time of direct contact with water. Such a coating can be used, for example, when designing a kitchen.
A real waterproof laminate is made by extrusion from high density polyvinyl chloride. In addition to the waterproof, allowing to use this flooring in the bathroom, this waterproof laminate has other positive characteristics, including:
Structural components of the waterproof laminated panel:
Due to the bearing layer with air chambers, for waterproof material is characteristic:
A clear classification of laminated panels in moisture resistance does not exist. Manufacturers usually indicate the optimal applications on the package.
Manufacturers usually indicate the optimal applications.
Approximate separation of laminated panels for functionality, depending on the degree of water absorption:
Consider in more detail the features of the choice of moisture-proof or waterproof products for the premises of various functional purposes.
What moisture-resistant laminate It is better to choose for a kitchen, corridor, hallway?
For laying in the kitchen, moisture-proof material with a non-slip surface is chosen. Plate thickness should be at least 8 mm. The moisture resistance of the floor covering is raised by processing the seams by moisture-proof compositions. Therefore, for this purpose it is recommended to purchase panels with a small chamfer around the edges - 1-2 mm. The chamfer retains moisture-resistant compositions. The chamfer may be a V-shaped or U-shaped, two or four-way. The U-shaped chamfer is visually more attractive.
Compound nodes are impregnated with a special hydrophobic composition. Saturated glossy color Usually indicates a deep impregnation. Such products are optimal for styling in the bathroom. A more transparent protective layer - a sign of surface treatment.
Tip! Glossy waterproof panels are well combined with ceramic tiles. Laminated products should be chosen, which are combined not only in color, but also form.
Even a high-quality waterproof laminate cannot be used under the prolonged water exposure. Even the highest quality waterproofing of the seams will not be able to prevent water from entering laminated plates, which will lead to the appearance of mold and unpleasant odor. Optimal option The bathroom is a coating with detachable connections. In the case of flooding floor with water, the panel can be disassembled, dry the base, if necessary, replace individual sections.
For the bathroom, located in multi-storey house Above the first floor, it is desirable to use only laminate, steady to direct water. In case of accidents in heat or water systems, it will be able to fully or at least partially protect the lower floors from flooding.
When buying panels for flooring, the level of humidity in the room is predetermined. In the kitchen, hallway and corridor you can use moisture-resistant panels. In the bathroom and rooms with frequent and significant temperature differences (veranda, unheated room), it is recommended to lay waterproof products.
How to determine moisture-proof laminate or not? On the packaging of low water absorption products, you will see the words Aquastop, Aqua +, Waterresist. Also, the level of resistance to moisture can be expressed by pictograms in the form of droplets of water, umbrella, crane. Estimation of moisture resistance is indicated by the "Lugged bath" icon. On the box with panels may indicate the material of the base:
The swelling coefficient is important, which characterizes the degree of decomposition of the material after its daily stay in water. In non-fatty products, it is 18%. Pay attention for the warranty period that the manufacturer gives when performing operational conditions. It is indicated on the packaging of the material or in the accompanying documentation.
Pay attention for the warranty period that the manufacturer gives when performing operational conditions.
Companies manufacturing high-quality and reliable low water absorption panels:
The price of moisture-proof laminate produced from a high-pressure fibreboard depends on the thickness of the board, the class of wear resistance and brand. And the cost of waterproof plastic laminate is about 2 times higher than the price of products based on DVP - it varies within 1.3-5.0 thousand rubles. for 1 m 2.
But today we will also talk about the important characteristic of the laminate moisture resistance. After all, not all the same racks for water (many do not withstand water at all). So how to choose right viewRead on ...
The first classes of laminate (21, 22, grade 21) were very poorly resisted. Literally if shed a little water, then the laminate was impregnated and "waiting" then destroyed. Such classes of laminate could only be treated in the premises where there is no water, not in which manifestations. It was extremely uncomfortable, because such places of the apartment disappeared as an entrance hall, a kitchen, I'm already silent about the bathrooms.
So manufacturers seriously thought to increase performance features Laminate, including water resistance.
And you know, it didn't immediately succeed, for a start, manufacturers have increased wear characteristics, it appeared grade 31, and then they thought about water resistance.
In their structure, they are almost the same, that's just a moisture-resistant laminate received the so-called HDF plate.
HDF plate – this technology for the production of moisture-proof laminate is obtained during the sealing of the web (and especially joints and locks), hot wax or a mixture of wax and silicone.
What does it mean in practice? After such processing on weak places Laminate, he would like a protective film (shell) that keeps water decently for a long time. HDF plate (base) can resist water from 3 to 6 hours, with full loading board into water. Then the usual laminate will not live a few minutes in the water.
Moisture-resistant laminate can be kept both in the hallway and in the kitchen and even in the bathrooms. According to many manufacturers, its service life in moderately humid premises is 15-20 years old. I would like to note that under moisture-proof laminate it is also possible, so it can be put in the kitchen for example with a warm floor and replace the tile, because the laminate installation is easier.
Of course, we start looking for special badges. As the rules on moisture-proof options there are several types of icons.
1) Crane with pouring water, the inscription "Water Tightness" may be present, which translated means - "moisture resistant"
2) either "three drops", the inscription "Waterproof HDF" is a moisture resistant plate.
These are the main icons that are now applied, but it is also possible to apply a water bath icon.
If the bathroom with water is crossed out, or there are no "crane" and "three drops" icons, it means that the laminate is not moisture-resistant! You need to remember it!
As I wrote in the two previous articles, you need to pay attention to the manufacturer of laminate, for example, German manufacturers have achieved serious results, both in moisture resistance and wear resistance, however, the price is not small. Chinese producers often overestimate their indicators, but cost is somewhat cheaper. So think for yourself, but remember the miser pays twice.
In 2017, a new Chinese company, which immediately attracted the attention of the expert community, was presented at the international exhibition in Hannover in the "flooring" segment of the floor coverings. The product got the name of the SPC laminate, as externally from the visible side he did not have absolutely no differences from traditional laminateBut exactly until someone took him in hand. For standard sizes Boards 150 * 1230 mm, the slave had a much larger weight almost twice the weight of the classic HDF panel 8 mm thick.
With an external absolute similarity, these two products have drastically different operational propertiesFirst of all, associated with what have a fundamentally different composition.
Recall that the classic laminated panel of 8-12 mm thickness is a slab with several layers, where basic layer - this is HDF. (H.igh. D.ensity F.iBRA - chopped wood chips of high density). The average density of the slab in most world manufacturers varies from 700 to 1230 kg / m3. Lamp often has a chamfer, embossing and drawing natural tree, Castle connection for self-laying.
The first difference between SPC laminate is its thickness that is 4.5 mm without a substrate. Lamella also consists of several layers and sublayers, but the base layer is no longer HDF, but SPC. (S.tone P.lastic. C.omposite - which means the stone-plastic composite). More precisely, SPC is a composite basis, where 75% calcium carbonate, 24% - PVC, 1% is a stabilizer. At the same time the density of laminateSPC is already 1900-2100 kg / m3, which is much higher than the density of the classicHDF laminate and reaches parameters of porcelain.
Another difference in the coating of a new generation from the previous one also lies in the fact that not paper is used as a decorating decorative layer, but PVC film is 0.3 mm thick, protected by polymers from abrasion and UV.
The design of the SPC does not differ from HDF - lamella can also have a 4-side chamfer and locking system for laying.
Operational parameters |
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Water resistance |
no more than 65% |
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Sound absorption |
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Use with a "warm floor" system |
carefully |
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Seasonal stability: expansion and narrowing of lamellas, creaking and string |
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Easy laying |
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Ecology |
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Unborn area laying |
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Optimal operational T ° |
from -15 C ° to + 55 c ° |
from 19 c ° to + 32 c ° |
Lifetime |
from 15 years and above |
from 15 years and above |
Despite the fact that the SPC laminate for operational characteristics is much better equal to or exceeds most of the parameters of conventional laminate, most of the world manufacturers do not predict it widespread Due to higher market value. Compared to HDF, buying a SPC laminate for a retail buyer is about twice more than more cost.
Currently, the SPC laminate is already widely represented and is actively implemented in all developed countries of the world with a population in high income. The most active markets of sales SPC are countries such as, USA, Canada, Australia. Very big potential among the countries of the Pacific region, where traditionally high humidity. In Vietnam, Hong Kong, Singapore, China, India, etc., SPC laminate is attractive to buyers in that it does not respond to humidity and has a high tile density. In Russia, this product is represented by the famous Chinese manufacturer - the StoneFloor - SPC plant produced by the production of this innovative coating One of the first.
The main supplier SPC in the world is now considered the PRC. The products of this particular country are presented by almost all continents. However, it is expected that in the near future russian market Large European brands will be released (mainly leaders in the production of laminated parquet) with a large assortment and a variety of their products.
The high performance characteristics of the laminated floor covering make the increasingly demanded laminate for finish finish Floor. Beautiful, easy-to-install and caring material, is distinguished by high wear resistance and variety of decor. The versatility of the application of laminate was limited only by one significant disadvantage - sensitivity to moisture. With the development of technologies, the problem was solved - a moisture-resistant laminate appeared, which can be used in previously inaccessible places.
Moisture-resistant laminate significantly expands the scope of application. Choosing a material for certain rooms, you should know how to react to the coating for contact with the liquid and can it be used in wet rooms.
Water for laminated board (lamella) Wednesday is aggressive, movable, capable of penetrating into any gaps and irregularities and stay there. The water resistance shows the ability of the material to resist the action of water and maintain all its properties with long-term contact with it.
Moisture, on the contrary, almost fixed and evaporates well from open surfaces. Moisture resistance - the ability of laminate to withstand a high level of humidity for a long time.
Resistance to water or moisture, in the multilayer structure of the laminated board, depends on the material and characteristics of the bearing base.
Laminate structure
Obviously, if the basis is a fiberboard, which absorbs water well and swells, then such a panel cannot be waterproof. It means that it is necessary to exclude long-term contact with water for such a coating.
For premises in which waterproof floor is required, it is better to use other materials that do not absorb liquids. For example, ceramic tiles, porcelain stoneware, etc.
Moisture-resistant laminate
Moisture-resistant laminate has a HDF - high density plate, which is obtained by pressing solid fibers of wood when high temperatures and using a large pressure. To increase moisture resistance and eliminating the development of mold and fungi, special antiseptic and water-repellent additives are added to the stove in production. The lock compound is impregnated with special wax-based compositions to eliminate the penetration of wet air into the coating.
At the final stage of production, the finished strips are processed by a special composition of mold and fungi and make a special coating based on resin and wax, to increase the properties of water repulsion.
The flooring obtained from such lamellas effectively opposes moisture and without consequences withstands a short-term direct contact with water.
There is no clear classification by moisture resistance. If the manufacturer admits the impact of a wet environment for a particular collection, then there are special designations on the package.
Conventions of the moisture resistance level
The indirect indicator of the moisture resistance of the laminate is the characteristic of the density of HDF - plates lying at the base. The figure is higher, the greater the resistance to the external influence of moisture, reliable and stronger fixing the panels, which is important when creating moisture-resistant gender.
Thus, the moisture-resistant properties of the material are made up of three components:
. The density of the HDF-slab is the more denser, the more difficult to impregnate with water.
. Wax impregnation of locks - prevents the penetration of moisture deep into the coating. There are two types of processing - deep or superficial. Deep impregnation will protect the slab reliable.
. Special processing and adding water-repellent mixtures into the framework at the pressing stage.
Most modern manufacturers have a collection of moisture-resistant laminate. Trade marks used in production modern technologiesTo improve the moisture-resistant properties of products and expand the scope of application.
Tarkett.
The company applies innovative methods for creating high-quality laminate.
The use of high density HDF-slab provides a high level of panel stability to moisture. In the factory conditions, each layer of the board is impregnated with a water-repellent basis.
The use of special tech3s technology to cover the edge of panels with a wax containing, allows to reliably protect the joints of the joints from the penetration of moisture under the floor covering.
An important value in the creation of moisture-resistant flooring has a patented T-LOCK lock system, creating high-quality lamella mounting.
Classen.
The company uses ISOWAXX technology, providing high protection of the laminated coating seams from moisture penetration using the "mobile" impregnation from the wax-based substance mixture. In production, using specialized equipment, the laminated board is processed from all sides by paraffin compositions, which reduces the level negative impact Moisture on the material to a minimum, or completely excludes it.
The HDF-High Density HDF plate is used, and the patented EasyConnect Face Connection Technology provides reliable mounting of the lamellas.
Kronospan.
Using the AQUA STOP system, special impregnation of HDF-Plates of high density, allows you to improve the moisture resistance of the panels. Application DPL technology, simultaneous direct pressing of all layers, eliminates the appearance of chips and cracks and means the possibility of penetrating moisture. A high-quality lock connection creates a coating without cracks.
Kronopol
At the heart of the laminated boards moisture-resistant HDF stove and stabilizing and at the same time moisture protection layer from a special film. Four-sided chamfer covered with special paint for additional protection, and the location of the locking compound is impregnated with moisture-resistant composition, due to which moisture penetration is excluded.
Moisture-resistant laminate has high resistance to the intensive effects of the wet environment. It is able to withstand a short direct contact with any liquid, will not swell and not deform. Quietly tolerates wet cleaning.
Clean the spilled liquid in a timely manner
The appearance of material with such characteristics has significantly expanded the scope of using a popular coating. Now you can lay the laminate in the premises where frequent cleaning is required or there is a chance of shedding anything - a kitchen, a corridor, and the like. The main thing is to choose the brand and appropriate care, the installation of high quality and protect the floor from large volumes of water, to inhibit the spilled fluid in a timely manner, periodically carry out the prophylactic handling of the joints and then the laminated coating will last long.
Building yard
Moisture-resistant laminate
