The roof of the house should be reliable and beautiful, and perhaps this is possible to define its inclination angle for this type of roofing material. How to calculate the roof inclination angle - in the article.
Before calculating the angle of inclination of the roof, it is necessary to determine how it will be used. attic room. If you plan to make it a residential, the angle of inclination will have to do big - so that the room was spacious, and the ceilings are higher. The second way is to do broken ,. Most often, such a roof is made of two-tie, but maybe it has four slides. Just in the second version, a solid system is very difficult and without an experienced designer simply can not do, and most prefers to do everything yourself, do it yourself.
With increasing angle of the roofing angle, you should remember a few things:
This does not mean that the roofs with a small bias are better. They cost the materials cheaper - less roof area, but have their own nuances:
So the roof with a small bias is also not a gift. Conclusion: Calculate the angle of inclination of the roof is necessary so as to find a compromise between the aesthetic component (the house should look harmoniously), practical (with a residential subligal space) and material (expenses it is necessary to optimize).
The roof on the house can have almost any kind - can have low rods, maybe almost sheer. It is important to correctly calculate its parameters - the cross section of the rafter feet and the step of their installation. If you want to put a certain type of roofing on the roof, it is necessary to take into account such an indicator as the maximum and minimum tilt angle for this material.
The minimum angles are written in Guest (see the table above), but often manufacturers give their recommendations, so it is desirable to determine the specific brand in the design stage.
More often the corner of the roof skate is often determined on the basis of how they are made by the neighbors. From a practical point of view, this is correct - the conditions for nearby houses are similar, and if the neighboring roofs are good, do not flow, you can take the basis of their parameters. If the neighborhood there are no roofs with the roofing material that you plan to use, you can start calculations from average values. They are shown in the following table.
| Type of roofing material | Recommended inclination angle minimum / maximum | What slot slope makes most often |
|---|---|---|
| Roofing from roofing with a spript | 3 ° / 30 ° | 4 ° -10 ° |
| Two-layer fat | 4 ° / 50 ° | 6 ° -12 ° |
| Zinc with double standing fold | 3 ° / 90 ° | 5 ° -30 ° |
| Tiling with 4 grooves | 18 ° / 50 ° | 22 ° -45 ° |
| Dutch Tile | 40 ° / 60 ° | 45 ° |
| Normal ceramic tile | 20 ° / 33 ° | 22 ° |
| Professional flooring and metal tile. | 18 ° / 35 ° | 25 ° |
| Asbicated slate | 5 ° / 90 ° | 30 ° |
| Artificial slate | 20 ° / 90 ° | 25 ° -45 ° |
| Straw or Ramysh | 45 ° / 80 ° | 60 ° -70 ° |
As you can see, in the column "how they do" in most cases there is a solid range. So it is possible to vary the appearance of the building even with the same roof. After all, in addition to the practical role of the roof also decoration. And when choosing an angle of its inclination, an aesthetic component plays an important role. Make it easier in programs that give the ability to display an object in a volume image. If you use this technique, then calculate the roof inclination angle in this case - select it from a specific range.
An angle of inclination of the roof is affected by the amount of snow falling in the winter in a particular region. Also, when designing wind loads are taken into account.
Everything is more or less simple. According to perennial observations, the entire territory of the Russian Federation is divided into zones with the same snow and wind load. These zones are applied to the cards, painted different colorsSo it is easy to navigate. On the map determine the location of the house, find the zone, according to it - the value of the wind and snow load.
On the map of snow loads there are two digits. The first is used when calculating the strength of the structure (our case), the second - when determining the allowable beam deflection. Once again: when calculating the angle of inclination of the roof, we use the first digit.
The main task of calculating snow loads is to consider the planned bias of the roof. The cooler of the skate, the smaller the number of snow can retain on it, respectively, the smaller cross section of the rafted or a greater step of their installation will be required. For accounting for this parameter, correction coefficients are introduced:
As we can see from the list of coefficients, the value changes only on the roofs with an inclination angle of 25 ° - 60 °. For the rest, this action has no meaning. So, to determine the actual snow load on the planned roof, we take the value found on the map, multiply on the coefficient.
For example, we calculate the snow load for the house in Nizhny Novgorod, the angle of the roof of the roof is 45 °. On the map is the 4th zone, with a medium snow load 240 kg / m 2. The roof with such a skate requires adjustment - the value is multiplied by 0.7. We get 240 kg / m 2 * 0.7 \u003d 167 kg / m 2. This is only part of the calculation of the roof angle.
The effect of snow to calculate simply - the greater the snow in the region, the greater the possible loads. Predict the behavior of the wind is much more complicated. One can only focus on the prevailing wind, the location of the house and its height. These data, when calculating the angle of inclination of the roof, are taken into account using coefficients.
The position of the house relative to the wind rose is of great importance. If the house is worth between higher buildings, wind loads will be less than when it is in open area. All houses by type of location are divided into three groups:
The house is considered belonging to this zone if the specified environment is at a distance of at least a 30-fold height of the house. For example, a house height is 3.3 meters. If at a distance of 99 meters (3.3 m * 30 \u003d 99 m) are only small one-storey houses Or trees, it is considered belonging to the zone "b" (even if it is geographically in a large city).
Depending on the zone, the coefficients that take into account the height of the building are introduced (listed in the table). Then they are used when calculating the wind load on the roof of the house.
| Building height | Zone "A" | Zone "b" | Zone "B" |
|---|---|---|---|
| less than 5 meters | 0,75 | 0,5 | 0,4 |
| from 5 m to 10 m | 1,0 | 0,65 | 0,4 |
| from 10 m to 20 m | 1,25 | 0,85 | 0,55 |
For example, we calculate the wind burden for Nizhny Novgorod, cottage Located in the private sector - refers to the group "b". On the map we find the zone of wind loads - 1, the wind load for it is 32 kg / m 2. In the table we find the coefficient (for buildings below 5 meters), it is equal to 0.5. Alternate: 32 kg / m 2 * 0.5 \u003d 16 kg / m 2.
But that's not all. It is necessary to take into account the aerodynamic components of the wind (when certain conditions He strives to rip the roof). Depending on the direction of the wind and its impact of the roof, it is divided into zones. Each of them has different loads. In principle, in each zone you can put rafters of different sizes, but do not do it - it is unreasonable. To simplify calculations, it is recommended to take indicators from the most loaded zones G and H (see the table).
Found coefficients are used to the wind load calculated above. If the coefficient is two - with a negative and positive component, both values \u200b\u200bare considered, and then they are summarized.
The found values \u200b\u200bof wind and snow loads are the basis for calculating the cross-section of the rafter feet and the steps of their installation, but not only. Total load (roofing weight + snow + wind) should not exceed 300 kg / m 2. If, after all calculations, the amount you have turned out more, you need to choose lighter roofing materials, or reduce the angle of inclination of the roof.
Roof of the house
The roof is constructive element Buildings, which is responsible for its protection against exposure to external factors. It must successfully withstand the atmospheric precipitation in the form of rain, hail, snow, squall winds and destroying hurricanes. The correct bias of the roof plays a big role in the rapid distance from the roof of water and snow cover. In combination with high-quality industrial waterproofing, it provides excellent protection of the entire structure, including interior.
Not only these indicators will depend on the competent slope of the roof, but also its continuous operation and strength. How to make sure that the factors take into account how to calculate it for the roofs with a different coating - all these questions will be consecrated in this article.
The roofs, as already written on our website, have a different shape and number of skates. They are single, two and four-tight. The angle of inclination of the roof depends on the number of skates on your home.
Construction works On the installation of the roofing can be paused, if you do not decide in advance, from which material you are going to make the finish coating and what angle of the roof. It must be remembered that these two concepts are closely intertwined, since the view of the proposed roofing material will be taken into account when calculating the angle of inclination of any scope roof.
Let us dwell on the factors that are taken into account when the roof inclination angle is calculated.
For example, choosing angle of inclination single Roof within 9-20 degrees, it will be necessary to take into account such factors as
In the case when the roof has two or more skate, it will take not only the above factors and the area in which the construction of the house will be carried out. It will be necessary to take into account, for what purposes the attic room is satisfied. If it is not provided for housing, but should be used to store temporarily unused things and items, then you should not arrange a large room for these purposes (we are talking about the height of the ceiling). When the owners plan to make a residential premises in the form of an attic from the attic, then there is a need for a good roof device with a significant slope.
In those regions where there are no rare strong winds make the minimum roof bias. Therefore, it accounts for not such a strong impact of wind. Making roofs without slope is also not recommended. Such coatings can be arranged in the regions with a large number of sunny days and a small probability of precipitation.
The wind resistance at high roof is much larger than when low. However, with a very small slope, there is a chance that the wind can disrupt the finish coating. It turns out that with highly steep roofing there is the same danger as in the roofing not having no inclination. It is recommended that it is recommended that it is recommended to choose the following inclinations of roofs - with non-mounted winds, it can have a value from 35 to 40 degrees, with strong winds the optimal roof rope angle is 15-25 degrees. 
In the area where the sediments fall in large quantities (we are talking about snowfall, hail and rain), the angle of inclination can be increased to 60 degrees. It is most appropriate because it allows you to maximize the load on the roof from the snow cover, as well as melt water and a large amount of moisture during the rain.
Taking into account all the above, the magnitude of the roof angle is calculated, focusing on the range from 9 to 60 degrees. Designers, as a rule, produce appropriate calculations and usually stop at the values \u200b\u200bthat range from 20 degrees to 45.
What is attractive such an angle of inclination of the roof? By the fact that you can use any roofing material - metal tile, professional flooring, slate, etc. However, each finish coating material is distinguished by its requirements that are accounted for when the roof structure is appropriate.
The consumption of the material directly depends on the roof slope. What it is more, the more the flow rate of the finish material. As a result, the flat roof in this respect will cost cheaper than the roof having an angle of inclination at 45 degrees.
If you know the magnitude of the roof slope, then calculate the number required material It is not difficult. The same can be said about the height of the roofing design.
Let's focus on each specific form roofing.
If compared with other roofing materials, the metal tile has a lot of weight. Therefore, when building a roofing structure with the use of such an finishing coating, all the nuances should be taken into account and try to build it so that it has a minimal corner of the roof slide.
This issue deserves special attention in areas with very strong winds. As you know, the load from the wind has a strong and negative impact on the roof. The calculation of roofing structures in this case should be done especially carefully. When the angle of inclination of the roof is large, the "bloody" may occur, which will entail an increase in the load, which will affect the entire design. In turn, it can entail premature destruction of the roof.
Roofs that are covered with metal tile should have minimum value The angle of inclination within 22 degrees. Empirical data says that due to this indicator, the moisture accumulation is prevention in the places of the roofing joints. They are protected from unwanted seeping of water in the form of a thawing snow or rain.
Important! Minimal The roof is when there is such a need, it can be at least 14 degrees. If a soft tile is used as a coating, then the minimum value decreases to 11 degrees. In this case, it would be correct to arrange an additional solid crate.
About the professional flooring is known that he occupies one of the most popular roofing materials. Everyone knows its merits in the form of low weight and ease of installation. It is not difficult to make the fastening of profiled sheets on the roof.
Important! It should be noted that when the device is such a roof, the requirements for the minimum corner of the roof slope are such - more than 12 degrees (the manufacturers recommendations should be viewed).
Roof with the use of rolled "soft" materials
When the roof is arranged from soft species Roofing, then we are talking about rubberoid, onduline, polymer (membrane) roofing coatings. With solving how to calculate the angle of inclination of the roof, the following is taken into account:
Without a doubt, the angle of inclination of the roof will be chosen by the host of the construction. It must take into account that the roof is designed for temporary and constant loads. The temporary belongs atmospheric precipitation and their weight. They can be found in the wind that puts pressure on the roofing structure and directly the finish coating. When permanent loads mention, we are talking about the weight of the roofing structure and the material of the finish coating.
This structural element of the roof depends on the roof inclination, like a doom - its type, step and design. For example, the lower the angle of inclination will be, the shorter there must be a shave step in the roofing system. The minimum bias of the roof involves the shaft step, which is 35-45 centimeters.
One of the main issues is the question of the number of material for the finishing coating, which must be calculated and acquired. This trend is currently visible here - a larger bias of the roof requires more consumption of material.
I would like to offer a few practical tipsthat will be useful in selection of material for the roof:
The calculation of the angle of inclination of the roof depends on the height of lifting the skate. Which height is the roof of the skate, depends on the functional purpose of the attic space.
When a full-fledged indoor room is made from the attic, the angle of inclination is calculated as follows:
For example, the end of the roof (the width of the front) is 6 meters. This figure is divided by half (6: 2 \u003d 3). The height of the roof in the skate is always standard taken by 1.8 meters.
SIN A \u003d A / B \u003d 3 / 1.8 \u003d 1.67
With the help of the Bradys table, there is an approximate value that has an angle of inclination of the roof with the value of SIN A \u003d 1.67 - this value is within 58-59 degrees. It is possible to stop at the maximum value of 60 degrees, which will be our desired angle of inclination of the roofing slope.
Roof occupies important place In the design of any type of buildings, since it is responsible for providing elementary comfort conditions and does not allow external factors to harm the decoration at home.
Of course, for high-quality, it is necessary to take into account many factors in the design process. One of the main positions in this context is to calculate the angle of inclination of the roof.
Why is it so important and what you need to know that the calculation is correct and later do not have to redo the roof partially, and then completely completely? Take this and talk about this article.
Calculation of the edge of the roof it is correct to produce with the help of a special online calculator which is located below.
The angle of the roof of the roof is the geometric formation of the intersection of two planes. Under them implies a horizontal plane and a similar surface of the skate.
So why measure the angle of the roof:
NOTE!
When the slope is set at a mark of 45 degrees and above, the calculation of snow load is no longer taken into account, since such a roof is "self-cleaning".
Of course, not everything is so good with sharp rumba, because increasing the slope is proportionally growing the need for additional volumes of both roofing materials and structural elements. Also becomes an urgent question of increasing the resistance of carrier parts.
No less important when calculating the slope is the specificity of the material that will complete the structure of the canopy from the outside. No one is a secret that each type of top element is very different operational properties and cost.
At the same time, nuances may be provided, which are characteristic exclusively for this type of the top layer of the roof. For example, it may be necessary to install additional layers, or you will need large heat and waterproofing costs.
The angle of the liner depends on the wind roses
Perhaps the third most important factor on which the calculated slope depends is establishing an operated or not operated status. The non-operated surface provides for the exclusion of space at the intercast butt and external protective design.
Visually interpretation of the concept looks much simpler, because at the form of flat hips or with a small slope (in the range 2-7%), it immediately becomes clear why it received such a name. Operated attic indicates the presence of an attic space.
Field Designations in the Calculator
Specify the roofing material:
Choose a material from the list - slate (wavy asbetic sheets): medium profile (11 kg / m2) Slate (wavy asbetic sheets): reinforced profile (13 kg / m2) wavy pulp-bitumen sheets (6 kg / m2) bitumen (soft , flexible) tile (15 kg / m2) from galvanized tin (6.5 kg / m2) sheet steel (8 kg / m2) ceramic tile (50 kg / m2) cement-sand tile (70 kg / m2) metal tile, professional flooring (5 kg / m2) Ceramoplast (5.5 kg / m2) Folding roof (6 kg / m2) Polymer-sand tile (25 kg / m2) Ondulin (erector) (4 kg / m2) Composite tile (7 kg / m2 ) Natural slate (40 kg / m2) Specify the weight of 1 sq. Cover meter (? Kg / m2)
kg / m 2
Enter the roof parameters (photo above):
Base width A (cm)
Foundation length D (cm)
Lifting height B (cm)
Length of side skes with (cm)
The length of the front and rear swell E (cm)
Rafters:
Step rafal (cm)
Wood grade for rafters (cm)
Working section of lateral rafters (not necessarily) (cm)
Calculation of doom:
Width of the Grubel Board (cm)
Baseline thickness (cm)
Distance between boards dolets
F (cm)
Calculation of snow load (in the photo below):
Choose your region
1 (80/56 kg / m2) 2 (120/84 kg / m2) 3 (180/126 kg / m2) 4 (240/168 kg / m2) 5 (320/224 kg / m2) 6 \u200b\u200b(400/280 kg / m2) 7 (480/336 kg / m2) 8 (560/392 kg / m2)
Calculation of wind load:
Ia II III IV V VI VII
Building height
5 m from 5 m to 10 m from 10 m
Type of terrain
Open area Closed terrain city districts
Roof inclination angle: 0 degrees.
The angle of inclination is suitable for this material.
The angle of inclination for this material is desirable to increase!
The angle of inclination for this material is desirable to reduce!
Roof surface area: 0 m 2.
Approximate weight of roofing material: 0 kg.
The number of rolls of insulating material with the adoption of 10% (1x15 m): 0 rolls.
Rafters:
Stress on slinge system: 0 kg / m 2.
Length rafted: 0 cm.
Number of rafters: 0 pcs.
Obsek:
The number of rows of crates (for the whole roof): 0 rows.
Uniform distance between the shell boards: 0 cm.
Number of clamping boards standard 6 meters long: 0 pcs.
Scope Board Volume: 0 m 3.
Approximate weight of the shell boards: 0 kg.
Region of snow load
Decoding of calculator fields
How to determine the angle of inclination of the roof in degrees? Inclined angle, like 
any similar figure according to geometric canons is measured in degrees.
But in many documents, including on the bottom, this value is displayed as a percentage, so there are severe requirements and justifications to be guided only by one unit of measurement.
The main thing in this situation is to know the proportions for the ratio, if you suddenly need to translate degrees percentage and vice versa, for example, for convenience during computing actions.
In general, the coefficient of recalculation of degrees per percentage fluctuates from 1.7 (for 1 degree) to 2 (for 45 degrees). In cases where fundamentally important indicators expressed in a whole percentage are used in digital mapping, ppm is used - hundredths of%.
If you trust the theory, then inclinations can reach 60 and even 70 degrees, but in practice it will not look quite appropriate. Yes, and in appearance The impression is "so-so", except that your home is located somewhere in the Alps and you need to build a roof that constantly experiences snow loads.
Translation of degrees percent
Flat floors are not represented by a purely horizontal surface, no matter how misleading its name. Building azimuth in this situation also has a slope, although not significant - its the minimum value should be 3 degrees.
NOTE!
There is one nuance that needs to be taken into account when constructing a flat surface. The prerequisite is the establishment of waterfronts, the walls of which will be tilted by 1.5 degrees.
As for the optimal values \u200b\u200bfor flat coatings, flat roof slope ranges around 5-7 degrees. This is due to the fact that the roofs with an angle of over 10º is difficult to call flat. In turn, 12-15 degrees in most situations are already interpreted as a minimum threshold for pitched surfaces. Optimal values \u200b\u200bare quite wide format.
Optimum roof inclination angle for snow it is 40-50 degrees.
Flat roof slope
For example, for single carports It is assumed to be a range of 20 to 30 degrees, and in the case of batal, this indicator grows up to 45º. Here is just such a bulk interval to a greater extent indicates individual characteristics Type of roofing and climatic features.
CAUTION!
With a small azimuth, the joints are processed by frost and water-resistant sealant necessarily. If the indicator is equal to 15 degrees or higher, then the definition of the professional flooring should occur when inserted into 200 mm, and if the inclination of the roof is less than 15º - the backstage increases into two "waves".
The roofing material, which is one of the main elements of the structure of the upper plane, also provides specific linked recommendations depending on its type.
The dependence of the slope from the choice of roofing
To measure the angle of the skate, you can use a wonder-device that is able to deliver the entire computational burden. The name of the device speaks for itself - the inclusion (teller).
In general, it is possible to seek help and to a mechanical sensor - the option is budget, but the additional fruit is not excluded, especially if you use such a device for the first time.
However, we will tell the specifics of this device - perhaps, thanks to it, our reader will very soon in circulation to "you" with this item.
Skate height ratio with span
In general, the algorithm for conducting settlement operations can be divided into four steps. First, we take into account the external natural factors of influence on the future surface layer, we carry out our construction plans with the price tags for the necessary resources in online stores, we are determined with the type of material for the roof and do not cease to draw information from specializing sites and, if possible, consult with professionals.
Regarding the loads - it is better not to bother with minimal slopes, as this may not end for the "fresh" roof. But if the roof is flat and there is nowhere to go, then do not neglect by strengthening redoubts.
In the calculation of the cost, also do not go out with attention such concepts as the mass of the house design and again the load from precipitation is helping to find not only the right, but also a cost-enough solution for your wallet.
Calculation of the roof
If the slope is up to 10 degrees, then the surface of gravel will be a suitable option, up to 20º - professional flooring and slate. Steel and copper sheets are expedient already in very "steep" cases, when the indicator of the Upper Rumba reaches 50-60 degrees.
Actually, that's all the information that will be needed to independently calculate the corner of the roof of the roof.
In contact with
The slope of the roof skates - from which it depends and what it is measured.
Such an important factory for the roof is its slope. Blope roof - This is the angle of inclination of the roof relative to the horizontal level. On the corner of the inclination of the roof rods ambolon (gentle), middle inclinations and roofs with steep (strong) shots.
A little roof That roof, the installation of which is carried out from the calculation of the smallest, recommended angle of inclination of the skates. So for each roofing coating there is its recommended minimum slope.
The designation of the roof shaping in the drawings can be both in degrees and in percent. The bias of the roof is indicated by the Latin letter I.
In SNEV, II-26-76, this value is indicated as a percentage (%). At the moment, there are no strict rules for the designation of the size of the roof slope.
Unit of measurement of the roof slope is considered degrees or percentages (%). Their ratio is listed below in the table.
| degrees | % | degrees | % | degrees | % | ||
| 1 ° | 1,75% | 16 ° | 28,68% | 31 ° | 60,09% | ||
| 2 ° | 3,50% | 17 ° | 30,58% | 32 ° | 62,48% | ||
| 3 ° | 5,24% | 18 ° | 32,50% | 33 ° | 64,93% | ||
| 4 ° | 7,00% | 19 ° | 34,43% | 34 ° | 67,45% | ||
| 5 ° | 8,75% | 20 ° | 36,39% | 35 ° | 70,01% | ||
| 6 ° | 10,51% | 21 ° | 38,38% | 36 ° | 72,65% | ||
| 7 ° | 12,28% | 22 ° | 40,40% | 37 ° | 75,35% | ||
| 8 ° | 14,05% | 23 ° | 42,45% | 38 ° | 78,13% | ||
| 9 ° | 15,84% | 24 ° | 44,52% | 39 ° | 80,98% | ||
| 10 ° | 17,64% | 25 ° | 46,64% | 40 ° | 83,90% | ||
| 11 ° | 19,44% | 26 ° | 48,78% | 41 ° | 86,92% | ||
| 12 ° | 21,25% | 27 ° | 50,95% | 42 ° | 90,04% | ||
| 13 ° | 23,09% | 28 ° | 53,18% | 43 ° | 93,25% | ||
| 14 ° | 24,94% | 29 ° | 55,42% | 44 ° | 96,58% | ||
| 15 ° | 26,80% | 30 ° | 57,73% | 45 ° | 100% |
Translate a bias from interest to degrees and vice versa from the degrees to interest using an online converter:
Measure the angle of the slope with the help of a biasmaker or a mathematical manner.
Inclinometer - This is a rake with a frame, between the plackets of which there is an axis, the division scale and to which the pendulum is fixed. When the rail is in a horizontal position, the scale shows zero degrees. To measure the slope of the roof skate, the rake of the sucker is kept perpendicular to the skate, that is, in vertical level. On the scale of the biasman, the pendulum indicates what the slope of this roof slope in degrees. Such a method for measuring the slope has become less relevant, as there are now different geodesic devices for zoom measurements, as well as drip and electronic levels with bias.
With the help of mathematical calculation, the magnitude of the roof of the roof finds as follows:
The angle of the slope of the skate I is equal to the ratio of the height of the roof H to the downlusion L.
i \u003d N: L
In order for the ability to express as a percentage value, this relationship is multiplied by 100. Next, to find out the value of the slope in degrees, we translate the relationship along the table located above.
To be clearer, consider on the example:
Let it be:
The length of the embedding is 4.5 m, the height of the roof is 2.0 m.
The slope is equal: i \u003d 2.0: 4.5 \u003d 0.44 Now multiply on × 100 \u003d 44%. We translate this value on the table in degrees and get - 24 °.
| View of the roof | Minimal roof slope | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| in degrees | in % | in the ratio of the height of the skate to the downstream | |
| Roofs from rolled bitumen materials: 3 and 4-layer (weld) | 0-3 ° | up to 5% | up to 1:20 |
| Roofs from rolled bitumen materials: 2 layers (flooding) | from | 15 | |
| Folding roofing | from 4 ° | ||
| Ondulin | 5 ° | 1:11 | |
| Wavy asbetic sheets (slate) | 9 ° | 16 | 1:6 |
| Ceramic tile | 11 ° | 1:6 | |
| Bituminous tile | 11 ° | 1:5 | |
| Metal tile. | 14 ° | ||
| Cement-sand tile | 34 ° | 67% | |
| Wooden roofing | 39 ° | 80% | 1:1.125 |
In civilian low-rise construction, the most common, rational and economically appropriate views of the roof, experienced builders call scanty structures. They may consist of one, two, three or even four slopes, planes that are closed at one point called the skate. From flat roofs Scope distinguishes an angle of inclination that construction standards Must exceed 2.5 degrees. The choice of anxchange is an important stage of creating a project, on which the strength, carrying the ability and durability of the structure depends. In this article we will tell you how to choose the right angle to facilitate the snow in winter.
Roof inclination angle - engineering calculation parameter roofing structuresreflecting the rink height ratio to the width of the base of the skate. Scanty roofs There may be a bias of 2.5-80 degrees, however, the optimal range of inclination angle values \u200b\u200bis 20-450. Skate area, wind resistance and snow load depends on this parameter. The following terms are found in the special literature:
Important! The bias of the roof can be expressed in degrees, as a percentage or as the aspect ratio. To calculate this parameter of the roofing structure, it is necessary to divide the half of the width of the facade to height, and then multiply by 100 percent.
Selection of deviations is based on the engineering calculation, taking into account the climatic conditions of the zone where construction is maintained, the characteristics of roofing and the carrying capacity stropile carcass. In order for the design to be reliable, the following criteria should be taken into account:
The limiting factor when choosing an angle of inclination of roofing rods in the middle lane of Russia is a high snow load characteristic of this area. A large amount of snow falling in winter increases the pressure on the rafter system, leading to the deformations of the frame and roofing material design. Experienced masters It is believed that there is a steady correlation between the slope and resistance of the snow load:
Taking into account! According to construction climatology, the territory of Russia is divided into 8 climatic zones, each of which corresponds to their average annual snow load. This reference value is used to calculate the roof slope, the thickness of the cross section of the elements of the rafting frame and the choice of roofing coating.
It is important that the change in the slope to facilitate snow is strongly affected by the roof design as a whole. The increase in the steepness entails the following consequences:
Experienced masters note that right choice Helps to increase the service life of roofing structures, facilitate the operation and maintenance of the roof in the conditions of snowy Russian winters. Errors in the project associated with the incorrect choice of optimal angle lead to the deformations of the rafter, the collapse of the crates, the pouring of atmospheric moisture into the surmatic space during oblique rain or with thaws.
