Is the internal insulation effectively - for and against. How not to make a mistake in choosing a material?
Internal insulation is recognized as irrational, but to warm the apartment from the inside is much easier than outside, especially in high floors apartment house.
For this, no additional equipment is required and do not resort to the help of high specialists.
That's just the choice of insulation, it is necessary to approach responsibly, because inside the apartment there should be absolutely environmentally friendly material.
Outdoor insulation has many advantages, but you can not always use it. Cases when insulation from the street is unacceptable:
In such cases, it will have to warm the premises from the inside.
With the insulation of the inner surface, an amazing fact occurs - the wall is not only not becoming warmer, it even begins to freeze. This is because the outer side of the wall is not heated by indoor air due to the insulation.
Condensate from warm air accumulates on the inner surface of the wall, destroying it and the finishing layer. The thermal insulation is disturbed and the heat loss is enhanced, so the material with minimal moisture absorption should be selected for internal insulation.
In addition, conducting work on internal heat insulation, such rules comply:
If you do not create conditions for additional ventilation, fungus and mold colonies can form on the walls.
Another important fact - the inner insulation "steals" the area by the room.
At the moment there is no universal insulation, in each there are positive and negative qualities.
For internal insulation, a thermal insulator is chosen, in which low vapor permeability and water absorption, and the structure with minimal fiberism.
Mine breeds or metallurgical slags are used as the feedstock for the production of mineral wool.
Wool, obtained from slags, does not differ in good quality, it is short-lived, therefore it is suitable for thermal insulation of temporary structures. Minvatu obtained from rocks is used for thermal insulation of capital buildings.
Properties of mineral wool:
The most demanded material, the total name of the mineral insulation: slag, basalt and fiberglass.
The manufacturing technology of this material is constantly being improved, therefore it was removed from it harmful to humans, and the insulation itself became more environmentally friendly.
Polyenopolster is a rolled insulation, a variety of foam foam foam, an extruded, non-informed polymer is used for insulation. It has such positive qualities:
Good heat protection provides 2 cm in the thickness of the layer.
Disadvantages:
Polyenopolistol can not be insulated with walls in baths, parilots and saunas.
Refers to the species of plastics. In its composition, the high content of the gaseous substance, which ensures good heat protection. Technological characteristics depend on the method of processing of primary raw materials, the best material is considered two-component and sprayed.
With its indicators, polyurethane is much superior to similar heat insulators, besides, all new technologies are invented that allow to achieve even better results.
This is a kind of polystyolster, which is manufactured using special technology extrusion. Penoplex - fine-puffy material, consists of the smallest, isolated from each other, air grains.
Properties of the Polymphax:
Solvents, acetone, gasoline, formaldehyde act negatively on polyplex.
Liquid isolation is just beginning to conquer the market. This is the thinnest insulation, but it provides the same heat shield as a mineral wool, a layer of 50 mm. 
In appearance, it resembles ordinary paint, but its structure consisting of the smallest vacuum particles turns the material into a thermocracy.
Warm plaster is an energy-saving insulator, which has noise-thermo-waterproofing properties.
Foilized insulation prevent the heat outlet from the room due to the reflective surface. Serve not as the main heat insulator, but as an addition to the main type of insulation.
An electric mat that serves as insulation is attached to the wall. Then it is closed with a layer of another insulator - minvata, foam or other material. Due to the warm-up, moisture will not accumulate inside the wall.
The corner apartment has a big minus - the walls are more harder and in the room is always raw and cold. Condensate is collected in the corners, which contributes to the appearance of fungus, so the angular room requires insulation more than another room.
It is better to insulate it, but it is not always possible.
In such an apartment, 2 walls are immediately susceptible to atmospheric influence and especially carefully you need to warm their place of docking.
Before starting the laying of the insulator, the walls are treated with antifungal drugs, they are good to soak, after which they proceed to the main work. The material is chosen with a vapor barrier film so that condensate does not accumulate in the corner.
Reduced heat loss will help the sheathing of walls considered above thermal insulators or the adoption of additional measures to preserve heat:
In the corner room, it is necessary to set the windows retaining windows or stick to them energy-saving film.
Materials that are intended for external work cannot be used for internal heat insulation, they may be dangerous to human health and animals.
Under the action of temperature, they distinguish toxic substances that accumulate in the human body and cause chronic diseases. For example, being in the room insulated with foam, people began with headaches and spasms.
In addition, some materials for street work are flammable.
Depending on the selected materials, such heat insulation methods are used:
Masking energy-saving wall with wallpaper, decorative trim or tile.
To avoid errors by performing internal heat insulation, work is performed in the following sequence:
Final point - plastering: plasterboard sheets, wooden lining, GKL or other finishing materials.
So that in the house there is always warm, comfortable and cozy, it is necessary to reduce heat loss as much as possible due to the additional decoration of the walls. Warming will be high-quality, if you choose the right material and follow the instructions for installing the heat insulator.
Panel houses were always considered not too "warm", since the internal and outer walls in them are quite thin. It is for this reason that the insulation of the walls panel house Outside - a very requested service. Thermal insulation of concrete panels will allow the apartment well to keep warm in winter strules, as well as maintain the air is cool in the summer. So the thermal insulation of panel houses is a universal means to increase the degree of comfort of the dwelling. Works can be made on your own, but this is possible only if the apartment is located on the first or second floor of the building. If the housing is located above, without the help of experts it will not be possible to do. Such a kind of services are high-altitude builders or industrial climbers.
The insulation of the facade surface of the walls of the house built from the panels is a much more reasonable event, nonsense inner thermal insulation. And that's why:
Opinion expert
Konstantin Aleksandrovich
Ask a question expertFrom the foregoing, it can be concluded that the insulation of the walls of the house from the panels is advisable to produce from the outside. Insulation from the inside applies only if other options for some reason cannot be implemented.
On the process of choice suitable material For insulation of walls, the following indicators affect:
The estimates of the materials and the project of the planned work most often orders the company managed by the company or a home owner partnership. The work on thermal insulation of the facade is performed by the team of professional climbers.
For use in panel houses, the following types are most often used. insulating materials:
Plates of mineral wool - a very convenient material for the production of outdoor work on the thermal insulation of the facade. It is produced under different brands, but the main characteristics of the material in different manufacturers differ insignificantly. The material has a low thermal conductivity coefficient, but it is necessary to control so that the material does not become wet. If this happens, its property isolate heat will significantly decrease. In order to avoid this problem under insulating layer Put a special membrane that will be responsible for charging. 
If for finish finish The buildings will be used the ventilated facade, the moisture pairs will be promptly removed by the air flow, penetrating into the gap between the wall itself and the insulation. With such a situation, there is no need to lay the membrane layer.
The material has a low weight, the plates with ease are attached to the surface of the wall. The heat and noise insulation parameters are at a high level. For the production of external work, you can only use the type of insulator, which is not capable of self-burning. On such a type of polystyrene foaming, M1 marking should be applied, which denotes the weakly body materials. No matter how regrettable, not all types of foam flaps available on sale are actually non-flammable. Therefore, the acquisition material for insulation must be clarified, whether the products are certified according to the requirements of GOST. 
With the outer insulation of the panel house there are limitations on the thickness of the material for thermal insulation, which can be used in operation. This indicator is derived by complex calculations that include the average temperature index of the climatic region, and also take into account the type of house - production building, office or residential building.
A significant part of the useful heat located inside the panel house may be lost through interpanel seams. It is possible to solve the problem by processing them. The distance between the ends of the plates is filled with a monolithic solution, which easily eliminates cracks and cavities in the seams, increasing the efficiency of thermal insulation of the entire structure. Mixes suitable for processing interpanel seams in concrete houses can be sold both in the form fully suitable for use and for self-preparation of solutions. These compositions may contain in their structure of polystyol granules, capable of delaying the heat flux or air particles to protect against cold air penetration from the outside. 
With a large semisny distance it is allowed to fill it with the insulating fiber soft texture. Such can serve mineral wool, well-proven itself with external work.
The list of its most important qualities:
Fragments of fibers Minvati are distinguished by a high degree of volatility and contain formaldehyde components. The combination of these factors does not allow the use of such a material to insulate the seams of the panel house everywhere. A stone wool is distinguished by the best practicality for such works. This insulation does not represent danger to human health and has a stronger fiber structure.
A qualitatively manufactured installation of the insulation is the key to its long service life. Mounting quality indicators may depend on a variety of circumstances. One of the important factors is the type of material to which isolation will be fixed. Most often apply special glue for construction or specialized dowel fasteners. Meet I. combined options Fastening. The insulation process takes not one day, because it is necessary to wait for a complete drying of a particular material before proceeding to the next warming step. 
Tip! The best time to arrange the wall insulation - the summer months and the beginning of autumn, that is, it is better to complete all the work before the rainy season. The number of people who want to improve the thermal insulation characteristics of their apartments, the year from year will only multipoint. It is from these considerations that this important question is better to solve in advance. In organizations with extensive experience of such work, all days are painted forward at least for several months.
The insulated surface must be molded with adhesive composition, which is applied either by a special spatula with teeth or laid out with cakes. If the insulation plate is pressed on it, the solution is distributed evenly in the space between the wall and insulation. The layout of the series is carried out in the direction from the top to the bottom on the principle of masonry of bricks. Each plate is aligned in terms of horizon. Vertical alignment is made in lighthouses or by tensioning between opposite fragments of the vertical thread. 
In order to increase the reliability of the compound of foam plates with a wall, the insulation is fixed not only for glue, but also on special dowels. 5 fasteners are enough for each plate of the insulator. The tops of fasteners should be slightly depressed into the insulation surface. When an arrangement of an apartment on the corner of the building is insulated, then the insulation of an interlise junction is also produced. To eliminate the emergence of inconsistencies and the formation of cracks, produce alternation of rows in the angular zone. 
If the slots were formed between the plates of foam, they are closed with trimming of the insulation and fixed with adhesive solution. Available angles are closed with a perforation, aluminum or metallic. Fasten it on a solution of glue, alabastra or gypsum. The heat-insulated surface remains only to be lured and coat the layer of plaster. It should be as smooth as possible, because a fiberglass reinforcing grid will be laid on top. 
On the insulation material it is necessary to apply a layer of glue, a thickness of 0.5 centimeters. It will absorb the reinforcement grid, while playing it at the same time. The grid is needed in order to keep the plaster layer, so the installation is made with maximum attention and concentration. It is better to fix a large and solid fragment of the material immediately, leaving a place for window openings. Top is once again applied with a glue layer. He must dry completely before proceeding to his alignment. 
The thermal insulation process of the wall of the panel house from the outside is completed with priming and shrank the surface. The primer layer is applied twice, make it comfortably roller. When the primer is driving, you can apply the first thin layer of plaster. An hour later it will dry, then it is rubbed, and give the surfaces to a certain texture with the help of a special textured roller. After that, the main stage of work is considered to be completed. It will only remain to paint the insulated surface in needed color. The paint is applied on the basis of acrylic. If the installation technology is perfectly perfect, the external insulation will last at least 10 years. 
The thermal insulation of the facade is a time consuming and expensive process. But he has a number of indisputable advantages that are much more important than temporary and financial expenses. This is the creation of coziness and heat in your own home.
All methods of insulation are good in their own way. The main thing is to clearly adhere to the recommendations on the use and installation of this or that isolator. If you do not consider yourself to those skilled in the art, it is better to use the services for the production of such works. construction organizations. Such firms have all the necessary licenses, have practical knowledge, professionals work there high level. They will be able to quickly and qualitatively fulfill all work with a guarantee.
The walls of the panel house over time need additional insulation. Unlike brick buildings, with a temperature difference, they can freeze, accumulate moisture, which leads to the destruction of the external facade of the house, the occurrence of cracks, mold and other unpleasant changes.
Residents may notice that it is cold in apartments, despite the presence of heating. To eliminate the consequences of such changes, and maximize the level of heat indoors, it is recommended to warm the panel house outside.
Wall insulation B. panel house
Benefits of insulation of walls
Outdoor insulation at home It will not only avoid heat leaks through the walls, but also protects the facade from further destruction. Using various variants of decorative design in exterior decoration The house will look like a new way. In addition, the insulation of walls outside has the following advantages:
No need for time repair work evicted tenants from home
Increase the temperature of the temperature inside the building due to the protection of walls from the freezing and other adverse effects of weather conditions,
There is no change in the size of indoor rooms - the fully living area is preserved,
Wagusing technology strengthens the supporting design of the panel house, the building becomes more durable and its exploitation increases,
The insulation layer outside acts as an additional good sound insulation of the building.
Stages and facade insulation processes
Depending on the selected method of insulation, the installation will differ. There are two main technologies:
Wet facade
Ventilated facade
Warming Wood Wet Wet Facade
It is necessary to carefully prepare the surface of the facade of the house to insulate it qualitatively. Each wall is aligned, purified from various plates, seal emptiness and cracks, especially paying attention to the joints of the panels. If necessary - they are marked with mounting foam, the slots are riveted.
The irregularities of the walls of the walls are allowed within 1 - 2 cm, but not more.
After stripping and processing the joints of the wall leave to dry.
Fastening the heat-insulating material on the walls is possible in four versions:
On glue (cementing base)
-Kuli foam in the balls
On fasteners (dowels, plastic nails),
Combining glue with fasteners.
For example, foam foam is fixed by a combined method from the first floor to the top. At the bottom, the starting plank is installed, from which the insulation starts sticking.
In this case, the glue is applied to the walls with a neat spatula, filling the existing irregularities. Then the sheets of foam are tightly pressed to the treated surface. The evenness of the series of insulation checks the level.
Before setting the adhesive base, it is possible to fix minor errors. Now it is necessary to wait 1 - 2 days depending on weather conditions so that glue is completely pros, and the insulation was well fixed on the walls. Further, the foam is additionally fixed with dowels - 4 - 5 pieces per sheet. Holes under fasteners are made by a perforator.
Installation of foam plastic on foam glue
It is produced in the times faster due to the setting of the foam glue during 20 minutes, thus staging the foam with the adhesive of foam. It is applied to the foam, and the irregularities and emptiness are perfectly sealed and filled with the mounting dowels with a perforator. Poly-foam plates are taken up.
Fastening the grid
To give strength and stiffness elements of insulation, its reinforcement is performed. For this, a special steady grid is installed on the foam sheets. It is convenient to cut it into separate parts of the same size and fasten the brass in small fragments. A uniformly layer of a special adhesive solution for facade works is applied to insulated surfaces, and the grid is pressed into it. Then another adhesive layer is applied for alignment. After installing the grid to the whole house, it is expected to dry the glue.
Implementation of reinforcement provides mechanical stability for final decorative coating Panel house.
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In order to accommodate in the house, it was as comfortable as possible, it should be warm and cozy. Most often to save the heat that comes from heating devices, Help quality insulated walls. The absence of insulation leads to an increase in thermal losses and to increase heating costs. About how to insulate the walls in the panel house, let's talk later.
Distinguish two main types of wall insulation:
The selection of this or that option depends on the individual possibilities of the room, its area, such as a building, in which work and floors are carried out. Warming the walls inside the house, you will get such advantages:
Despite this, internal insulation of the walls have such disadvantages:
In order to avoid the appearance of the last disadvantage, it follows in the process of laying insulation to build a so-called pie. It contains materials in various types of vapor permeability, while the decrease in this factor is closer to the outer wall.
For example, when insulating a panel house with a mineral wool, it should be installed in front of the insulation of waterproofing. Thus, condensate, which is formed in the wall will be gradually excreted through a concrete surface, and will not fall inside the room. In addition, the room should provide a high-quality ventilation system.
Insulation for thermal insulation inland walls Must differ in such characteristics:
If you have the ability to conduct outdoor insulation, we recommend to give preference to it. For its implementation, materials differ in high quality properties are used. Most often, they are used in a slab or matte version. Among the advantages of external insulation, we note:
However, the execution of outdoor insulation should be accompanied by the protection of the insulation from external factors. To do this, on the facade surface, ventilated facades are equipped or finished the insulation of wet type.
Mineral wool is used to insulate walls in panel houses most often. For its manufacture is pressed and the slag or basalt stone is thermally processed. Due to the fibrous structure, warm air is held inside the wool, thereby preventing thermal losses. There are collapsible and slab versions of mineral wool. For its non-toxicity and safety, mineral wool is used both with internal and with outdoor insulation.
Material is distinguished by low thermal conductivity, good vapor permeability, long service life, fire safety. The only disadvantage of this insulation is instability in front of moisture, so in the process of its installation, maximum waterproofing of the insulation should be ensured.
The installation of mineral wool inside the room reduces its useful area, so if possible, it is recommended to use the insulation outside.
Wall insulation outside the panel house glass has its advantages. This material is highly resistant to fire and low temperatures. In addition, it has excellent resistance to moisture, rodents, mold and fungus. However, in the process of installation of this material, it should be done special caution, since the smallest particles of glass can fall on the mucous membranes of the body and cause allergies and irritation. Therefore, when working with this material, protective clothing and respirator should be applied.
Glasswater is distinguished by excellent sound insulation characteristics, in addition, it is a rack before shrinkage and is cheap, compared with other types of insulation.
Among the advantages of the insulation on a cellulosic basis, we note:
However, this insulation itself is unstable in front of moisture, fungus and mold. Therefore, it is treated with special compositions that help get rid of these shortcomings.
Polyfoam or polystyrene foam is one of the most economical variants of the insulation. This insulation is distinguished by challency, good sound and thermal insulation characteristics, light weight and simplicity of installation. Polystyrene foam is manifested by bacteria, fungi and mold. A small volume of the insulation is characterized by high thermal conductivity. The polystyrene foam is most often used for insulation in the form of plates. If you comply with the technology of its installation, this type of insulation will serve you for a very long time.
The use of extruded polystyrene foam, which is essentially the same foam, but has a liquid shape, is characterized by higher strength and duration of operation. Special equipment is used for blowing polystyrene foam. The resulting coating is characterized by seamlessness, strength and good performance.
After drying and pressing wood chips, a heater is formed called fibrolite. To connect shavings, a binder is used in the form of a portland cement or magnesia salt. The material has the shape of the plates, on the top of which there is a protective film. It is with its help that it is possible to prevent the impact on the moisture insulation, fungus and mold. With increasing humidity, the material damage occurs, so after its installation, the surface is recommended to be placed. Material is characterized by ease of installation and processing. The base after its installation becomes durable and hard.
Insulation based on cork materials are used to warm the walls of the panel house from the inside. This version of the insulation is the most eco-friendly from all of the above materials. The plug insulation has high strength, low thermal conductivity and vapor permeability. The insulation has a shape of panels that have a light weight, resistance to mechanical damage and shrinkage. The material is characterized by functionality and has a long service life. After installing indoors, the further finish is not necessary, since the plates themselves have an attractive appearance. In addition, the cork insulation is distinguished by the resistance of various biological organisms. However, its only disadvantage is too high, which is completely paid off by the benefits of the material.
To create a heat-insulating barrier, which has high resistance to moisture, the insulation is used in the form of foamed polyurethane. To apply this material, the presence of special equipment and installation of formwork. Since the material is very quickly polymerized, in order to create smooth surface, It should be built formwork from wooden boards.
After applying foamed polyurethane, it is necessary to ensure its waterproofing and vapor-permeable layer. For these purposes, the insulation is most often coated with polyethylene layer. Since the material has low strength, for the further finishing of the walls, it is necessary to mount the walls of plasterboard, so this option Insulation will not only reduce the useful area, but also will require additional costs for mounting walls from plasterboard or plywood.
Before starting the insulation of walls in the panel house, such actions should be performed:
Make sure that the wall is as much as possible before applying the wall after the antiseptic. For additional alignment of the walls, plaster is used. Only after its drying it follows the process of installing the insulation on the panel walls.
For additional sealing of all seams, use a sealant on a silicone basis. The technology of installation of the insulation depends on which its kind was purchased earlier. The slab or roll options are most often fixed on the wall using special fasteners with large hats. To install foamed variants of the insulation presented in liquid form, compressor equipment is used.
After surface preparation, its alignment and coating of the primer should be installed insulation. On the preparatory Stage Make sure that the seams at the joints of the walls were hermetic. If there is a sinking finish, it should be removed.
To install foam plastic on the outer wall of the panel house, you should prepare several spatulas for applying glue. The most reliable to install the insulation with the help of a combined method, that is, with the use of glue and dowels.
Starting work follows from the bottom of the wall, gradually moving to the top. At the bottom of the facade, set the starting bar. To apply glue, it is best to use a spatula or comb.
Try to completely cover the wall with glue, even in uneven places and seams. Otherwise, through the bridges of the cold, the level of heat loss in the house will increase. After surface treatment with glue, the plate of foam applied to the wall and pressed. After a few days, work continues. In order to further consolidate the foam use special fasteners or nails from plastic. If there are small gaps, apply to fill it. mounting foam. In order to remove irregularities from the wall after insulation, use a plastic grater.
For additional reinforcement, use the grid. At first, with its help, the corners are accumulated, then the rest of the wall. To fix the grid on the surface, glue uses, and after drying it, the walls are aligned with plaster or special mixtures and produce finishing finish.
