The presence of a wastewater collection system is one of the most important conditions for comforting accommodation in a country cottage or in the country. Design and assembly of sewage lines usually do not cause big difficulties - but here is a device septicism in a private house, a key task when creating local sewer systemis associated with "linking" together solutions of several problems. Moreover, solutions are sometimes mutually exclusive!
Modern septicch is quite complicated in technical installation, easy to maintain and durable in operation. However, these features are stored exclusively in the case of the installation and connecting the installed cleaning equipment.
Each septicch is connected differently, so the installation of Pipesz.ru should be built by installation.
The easiest and most primitive septicch is a two-chamber cesspool, the primary camera should be periodically cleaned. The disadvantages of it are well known - not the most pleasant smell and ingress into the soil of practically untreated drains. Plus - relative complexity in technical implementation.
S. cesspool Large difficulties arise when choosing a place of its location - after all, from the point of view of financial costs and attached efforts, a pit is most convenient to place as close as possible to the structure. But the presence in such a sump (practically not a sealed capacity) of a considerable amount of pollution, with a large share of the likelihood of straight to the ground, dictates the need to move the septicity as far as possible.
Cesspools will have to clean quite often Source Dom-Expert.BY
The most acceptable option for inclusion of wastewater into the local ecosystem is to establish a septic tank of industrial manufacture. Such equipment, due to the characteristics of its design, is distinguished by almost perfect operational qualities:
low weight;
ease of installation;
the strength of the hull manufactured from polymeric materials;
high degree of purification of polluted water;
complete processing of mud masses;
full autonomy;
minimum maintenance.
If there is no possibility to use the special equipment, then, if necessary, modern septic tanks can be installed manually, but without knowledge of technology, it is still a sharing
The hardest part of the work - dig a hole for septica and trench for sewer pipes Source M.2Gis.ru
On our site you can find contacts construction companieswhich offer the design and installation of sewage and water supply. Directly to communicate with representatives, you can visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-rise country".
Choosing a septic installation site, even if it is completely sealed, is determined not only and not so much convenience construction work and operational service. Sanitary and epidemiological standards and rules defining here are, for example, displayed in SNiP 2.04.03-85. According to these rules, the septic location should satisfy the following conditions:
distance to the nearest source drinking water (Well, well) should not be less than 30 m;
before the stream, river or other natural reservoir should be more than 10 m;
before the outer walls of the residential building, the distance should not be less than 4 m;
the border of the site should not be closer than 3 m;
the nearest common road should not be less than 5 m.
In addition, septic tank in a private house should not be located close to the trees - the minimum distance of 2 m.
General rules for choosing a place for septicity Source Agrognom.ru
Not only these mandatory standards should be taken into account (with a violation of which considerable sanctions from the supervisory authorities are possible!), But also take into account local conditions. These include both the characteristics of the soil (the depth of groundwater and the soil freezing, land relief) and the presence or possibility of summing up associated engineering communications - some types of factory-dependent septices and need three-phase power supply.
The design and sizes of cleaning installations are not standardized, however, when you select the location of the cleaning stations, it should be borne in mind that the main drain pipe should approach the septic with a slope of at least 2 degrees. In other words, to take into account the size of the required depth of the pit and the technical possibility of its observance.
the main technical specifications any septicity is its performance that characterizes the volume of effluents accepted and processed for a certain period of time; Usually - per day. It depends primarily on the volume of the seduction chamber, in the second - from the purification of contaminated waters used in the cleaning unit.
Inside the septicch consists of several divisions, so it real performance Based on the external inspection, it will not be possible to determine Source ispovednik.ru.
The peculiarity of the work of septicists is that high-quality wastewater purification can not last less than three days; Accordingly, the volume of chambers should be sufficient for the content of three-sufficient discharge of sewage drain. That is why it is advisable to choose the amount of cleaning installation with a margin - but with a reserve reason, since there is another rule: for efficient work The septic camera must be filled at least a third ...
According to existing standards, one person produces about 200 sewage liters (0.2 cubic meters) per day - this is a fairly average indicator, but it is quite acceptable as the base for calculating performance. It should only be borne in mind that if you like to soak in the bath every day (one-time reset of water from which can exceed 300 l) - this calculation rate should be increased at least twice.
Thus, for a family of three people, the required amount of septica can vary from 1.8 to 3.6 cubic meters. m. Taking into account stock - from 2 to 4 cubic meters. Moreover, it does not matter the number of chambers in the treatment plant - the value of the first of them, the receiving ("sump") has a value.
Septics are made on the basis of plastic containers of various volumes Source Termograd61.ru.
Deciding with the volume of the sump, you should consider and make a scheme of the cleaning structure, in which all local features must be taken into account. Since it is properly installed to install a septicch - it means that it is necessary to ensure its durable exploitation without a headache, you must calculate all possible options.
The simplest option of the cleaning system includes the following main elements:
pipeline connecting the output of the domestic sealing system with the septic receiving chamber;
receiving (septic) chamber;
pipeline from the camera before installing soil doctors (if its device is scheduled);
aeration fields for final wastewater treatment and their transition to the ground.
Purified wastewater output diagram from septula through a filtration field - if the level of waste purification is low, then approximately once every 10 years will have to roll up the field of filtration and rinse or change the crushed stone source Rinnipool.ru
The main detail of the septica is the drain chambers that can be made of a variety of materials:
The most common material for pipelines is a polypropylene tube of a suitable diameter. It is inexpensive worth it, light by weight, is distinguished by very high strength and is easily processed. If you wish, you can use asbetic, cast-iron or other metal pipes - But their service life is significantly less than that of polypropylene, and the cost is significantly higher.
Septic chamber is usually made of plastic or reinforced concrete, brick can be used in simple cases. Application as a capacity of iron barrels of a suitable volume is a bad idea: they not only rotate quickly, but pollute the soil during their rusting. The ideal option is the septic tanks of industrial manufacture, easy to install and reliable in operation.
Septic device for a private house - plastic option Septic Source Plastlist.ru.
Common Septic Option - from iron concrete rings. They have a fairly high; In addition, for delivery and installation of such rings, in view of their considerable weight, special equipment is needed. However, for high-volume chambers reinforced concrete products May be quite justified.
Installation scheme Septica from w / b rings Source Strojdvor.ru
The most time-consuming and expensive version of the septic chamber is a monolithic design, when a formwork is collected in the prepared pit for the pouring of the walls and the bottom of concrete. Due to its high cost and the need for large physical costs, this method is justified only with very large volumes of wastewater, for a private compounds practically unreal.
In any case, materials used in the construction of the treatment plant must be resistant to aggressive media. The polymers ideally meet this requirement, but they have one disadvantage: they are very lightweight ... the small weight of the camera, of course, facilitates its installation, but at the same time and greatly increases the likelihood of its ascent, especially with a low groundwater level. Therefore, together with such tanks, it is necessary to apply "anchors" of any available type.
Since the installation of septicism in a private house does not always imply that in the soil the most purified water will go into the soil, in some cases filtering (aeration) fields are included in the cleaning system. Of course, they occupy quite a lot of space, but allow us to utilize the drains as efficiently as possible.
Installation Septica always starts with digging care desired size. When installing ready-made "tanks" of factory manufacture, it is necessary to provide a concrete pillow to which it will be necessary to fasten the septic tank so that it is not pushed out of the outside of the powered power.
Source proseptik54.ru.In addition to the pit for the septic, it is necessary to proceed the trenches for the supply of sewage pipes and the discharge of purified wastewater. If the septic tank is operated round year, the pipes should be maintained below the soil freezing level.
Septic is connected to sewage.
Completion of earthworks: the gap between the walls of the pit and the outer side of the box walls is falling asleep by any available material; Typically - removed when the kittles are soil.
How work on installing septica, look in the video:
To date, the local sewer system is a mandatory element. country cottage Or cottages, and if necessary, it may well be mounted independently. But, given the large number of factors that need to be taken into account when it is design, for compiling a specific scheme claimed facilities It is better to contact the specialists.
Alexei 03.11.2014 Septica
Time street toilets long passed. A modern equipment has come to replace modern equipment that does not require so frequent pumping, and some models do not need it at all.
Today, most owners of private houses and cottages choose a septic tank on the site. This equipment is much more aesthetically, safe for the environment and is not demanding in care.
Let's start acquaintance with this equipment with its destination. So, septic tank is a hermetic container used to collect and clean the unclean. Depending on which material it is made, it is distinguished:
The first can be both monolithic and national concrete rings. Although sometimes there are models from bricks.
But they are quite problematic to assemble, therefore such septicifs did not receive widespread.
We watch the video, the principle of operation:
The classification is performed by such signs:
According to the principle of operation distinguish: accumulative, with biological cleaning and with soil filtering.
In shape they are divided into vertical and horizontal. And according to the method of location, the septica in this area is:
There are also energy-dependent and autonomous installations. Which one will be installed on your site depends on the set of factors. Usually the septicine model is selected taking into account the regulatory requirements for its installation.
soil freezing table
Since septic tank is a reservoir where indecisions are accumulated and cleaned, and special requirements are presented to it. Before starting to install, you have to fulfill the project and coordinate it in the SES. This will allow to obtain permission to carry out installation work. However, only if the project fully complies with all the settings of the septic setting in this area.
The main question is a properly selected platform for equipment. So where is the septic tank in the site? This is determined taking into account the existing standards prescribed in:
They contain distances to water intakes, residential buildings and other objects. Important condition is the observance of the installation standards of the septica near the well with drinking water. After all, it is very important that waste does not get into the water. Otherwise, this will lead not only to pollution, but also represents the threat to the health of people. Between the container and the wells should be the maximum possible distance. It is determined in the height of the layers between the aquifers and the soil used as a filter for purified wastewater.
Norms of installation
If there is no connection between them, then a period of at least 20 m is allowed. It is possible to determine this with hydrogeological studies. According to experts, light soils are considered the best natural filters. If you have such a soil, then the gap between the septic cottage plot And the well should be more than 50 m.
Septic typing according to sanitary standards. It is they who regulate the location of the pipes of the water supply. So, according to regulatory requirements The gap between them and the sewer should be more than 10 m. And it is usually lower than the well so that in the event of a breakthrough the drains do not get into the water.
Between the sewage system and the house, the gap is also installed according to the layout standards on the SNiP site. It should be more than 5 m from the foundation. Then, when leakage of wastewater from the septic, they do not die the walls of the structure, and the smell will not bother with residents.
We watch video, equipment location rule:
However, a very large distance from the house to the sewage system should not be. This is due to the complexity of ensuring the normal operation of a very extended sewer pipeline. After all, it can arise blocks, remove which will be quite difficult with a long length. If you still have to design such a system, then for every 15 m you need to install 1 revision well.
The following rules of installation septica are also regulated standards:
Placement scheme
In addition to the above rules listed, there are other regulatory septic locations on the site. So need:
As you can see the requirements for the installation of septic sites on the country area, simple and followed by each. This will not only help avoid emergency situations and environmental pollution, but also of various diseases to which wastewater can lead to drinking water.
Proper distance
What should pay attention to the arrangement of the sewage system? Most importantly where start mounting work - This is the preparation of pit and trenches under the pipe. Where to place a septic tank on the plot square? First, it is mounted below the level of freezing, only then the system will be able to work year-round. If you do this for some reason, it is impossible for the causes, then you will have to insulate the pipes with one of the thermal insulation materials or install a heating cable.
If the pit is digging in clay or loam, then its bottom should have a concrete pillow to which the accumulative capacity is attached. This is necessary in order to avoid pushing the septicity with its full cleaning.
Filter fields or wells must be equipped. But if the soil waters are high, it is better to choose the last option. The water level in the well is easier to control, and water from it can be refused if necessary.
Of course, it is allowed to install a septic with any soil, but better if it is dry and softer samples. This is due to the work on the preparation of the pit for the equipment. In heavy soil, dig it much more difficult.
We watch video, installation nuances:
Since the sewage systems are located underground, but it is necessary to organize air exchange within the tank. For normal development and livelihoods, microorganisms need oxygen. So this moment should also be taken into account when performing installation work.
In its article, we reviewed all the basic requirements for the location of the septica in the country area. Only accurate compliance will make it possible to achieve comfortable living conditions outside the city.
After all, modern estates are saturated with various chemicals that have a destructive influence on nature, it means they should be hermetic. In addition, from the right location Septica on the site according to existing standards, the efficiency and safety of its operation depends. The more accurately all the requirements will be met, the less problems you have with the service of the sewage system.
They have sunk in the summer, when the convenience of a private house or cottage were on the street, and the water had to wear well buckets. Today, the phrase "house with all amenities" suggests primarily the presence of water supply and sewage. And if there is more or less simple with a water supply line, the water is carried out into the house), then the sewage issue has to be approached with all seriousness. And the point here is not only that the toilet must be warm and have a waste output system beyond the house.
All the water used in the house, including sewage and chemical domestic products, falls into the soil and is separated by groundwater. It causes a significant damage to soil fertility on the site and ecology as a whole.
Until recently, isolated cesspools with capacities in which sewage was going to have been harmlessly used for waste. When filling out such a pit, it was necessary to call the assessing service, the car pumped out or water, after which for a while about the problem of sewage could be forgotten. However, cesspools are always nasty smell On the plot and regular consumption of funds for the association.
Alternative option The cesspool today is a modern autonomous sewage system - septic tank.
Septic is a multi-level sewage construction, where wastewater Pass the process of settling and filtering. From the cesspool even an isolated type of septic tottiet with a tightness and a complex system of irritant processing. As a result, the septicch eliminates unpleasant odors In the area, and the water, past cleaning, is removed in the soil harmless to the environment.
Cleaning systems are there different species, sizes and methods of cleaning. Their choice will depend on the location of the site, the availability of free space and financial capabilities.
Septics consist of several functional compartments interconnected by pipes. The principle of work is the following: Wastewater from the house falls along the sewer pipes into the first compartment, where the primary setting of water occurs. Dense masses are settled, and weathered water goes into the next compartment for adaptation. The more such tanks in the cleansing system, the cleaner the water at the ground.
Passage through tanks determines the degree of deep or medium wastewater treatment. Septicisters - from the simplest to options with the newest equipment of biofilters - sold in the finished form, and their installation, as a rule, are engaged in the brigades of experienced specialists. However, knowing the installation process and the rules for the location of the cleansing systems, you can install a septic tank.
From no matter how materials are made of septic, conditionally sewer autonomous systems can be divided into three main types. This classification displays the principle of operation of the system.
Simplest a budget option Septica, it is the initial point in all other types of sewage systems. It is a container in which wastewater comes from the pipes from the house. In fact, this type of septica is arranged similarly to the cesspool, as it requires a pumping of the assessing equipment. Suitable for use in homes where permanent accommodation is not planned.
For example, if you visit the dacha only in the warm season and do not plan to install the washing machine, shower or bath, then you can exhaust the container once per season.
Sometimes cumulative tanks You have to be installed as needed. In cases where:
This type of septica is an intermediate option between a storage pit and a full-fledged cleaning system. Includes several hermetic containers in which water is defended and is displayed outside in purified. The overflow septicch can be double-chamber or three-chamber. The cleaning process is made in several stages.
Cleaning the tanks is required no more than once every two to three years.
Modern system Filtering septic tanks with biological cleaning allows you to use water for watering or merge it in reservoir without harm to ecology. Cleaning in the bioseptic occurs due to the work of bacteria, the vital activity of which decomposes the substances for trace elements.
Bacteria creates fermentation, which passes two stages - sour and methane. First, proteins, fats and carbohydrates are split to the state of lower acids (acetic, oil), alcohols, hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide. In the second stage, there is decomposition to methane and hydrogen.
The mixture of these gases must be displayed into the atmosphere, so bioseptics are necessarily equipped with a ventilation system.
For the manufacture of septic arts, a wide variety of materials are used. Simple designs It can be made of bricks, metal or concrete rings. More modern septic tanks are made of plastic and fiberglass.
Due to its weight, they provide the stability and reliability of the design. But this method has a number of significant flaws:
Available at the price and have a significant weight. The weight of the product, on the one hand, is a minus during transportation and installation, but on the other, it is a guarantee that the tank will not be subject to "pop-up" on bubbly soils.
When buying a metal septica, it is necessary to make sure that the material passed high-quality treatment with anti-corrosion and waterproofing means.
There are cons. The metal has a good thermal conductivity, so water in it can freeze, even if the device is located below the soil freezing. If you do not take care of thermal insulation, then in the frosty winter there is a risk that the sewage system simply fails. In exceptional cases, a sealing filler can be set to a temporary tool. old barrel or tanks.
A pretty popular view of a pit for collecting uncleans is quite common in the recent past. In the pitchers do brick masonryAfter which the jokes between bricks for waterproofing are close to cement or bitumen.
This is a modern sewer option. autonomous Systems. Advantages of plastic and fiberglass tanks:
But this material has its drawbacks.
The choice of the optimal sewer system affects:
An important value when choosing a sewage device has its layout and the immersion principle into the soil.
Reservoirs can be vertical and horizontal, each of the species has its own characteristics at the location on the site.
If the area allows, then preference is given to the horizontal system. The further the final conclusion of the water will be located, the better. The horizontal layout of the septicity is chosen and high level Groundwater.
Vertical tanks require a smaller area, but for them you need a deeper kitty. With a vertical location, the capacity will be below the level of the freezing, which means there is a guarantee that water in tanks will not freeze, and the sewage can function yearly. The vertical device is excluded if the groundwater flows close to the surface of the Earth.
The level of groundwater breaking, as well as the degree of soil freezing, can be found with the help of hydrometeorological stations in the area.
Designing the plan of the site or separately taken arrangement of autonomous sewage, it is necessary to take into account certain nuances. Place septic tank, adjusting to the project at home, will not work. The location of the system must comply with the rules and standards prescribed by regulatory documents. The construction of sewage requires compulsory approval with the sanitary and epidemiological service, in which the installation project should be submitted in advance according to SNiP standards to install septic. This will allow in the future to avoid problems with legislation.
Norms defined for the construction of sewage have a good base: wastewater, not purified properly, lead to poisoning of fertile soils, groundwater and, as a result, reservoirs. In addition to the threat of ecology, there are a number of technological reasons. Random accident and depressurization of reservoirs can lead to the flooding of the foundation of buildings, and untimely pumping overcrowded containers in the conditions of flooding in spring, rain, heavy snowfalls - to the splash of malicious substances into the territory.
In order to avoid such troubles, the legislation clearly established rules and norms regarding the motion of remoteness from objects.
The definition of distances is carried out individually for each site, depending on the composition of the soil, the relationship between the aquifers, the location of buildings, agricultural sections, trees.
Having determined the optimal place to install the sewer system, it is not worth a hurry with the start of work on the digging of the pit. If you dig a pit in advance before the acquisition of the design, then the likelihood of errors in size is high, as well as the risk of sprinkling the inner layer of the Earth and flooding is groundwater.
Sizes and number of pits are calculated based on the configuration and sizes of the acquired septic, as well as instructions in the instructions for the location of the tanks. Do not forget that the place in the pit should be with a small margin so that the design can be easily omitted to the bottom, as well as for laying the insulation.
Some septic models assume additional tanks for draining technical waterAnd therefore, the kittles will be more. This should be considered in the process of design.
As with the installation of any foundation, the bottom of the pit need to lay the "pillow" of sand and gravel, on which the top is stacked concrete plate For anguing septica. This is done so that in the process of changes in the soil did not break the position of the installation, did not raise the septic tank to the surface, did not deploy and did not adjust it. Otherwise, the container material may be damaged, reservoiring the tanks, disruption of all parts sewer installation. Install an anchor plate strictly in terms of level, the tank is attached to the stove with steel brackets with anti-corrosion treatment or polymer belts capable of withstanding the aggressive soil environment.
Simultaneously with the pitchers are preparing trenches for laying sewer pipes. The depth of the pipes is calculated separately, as they must be under a certain bias so that water and sewage are evenly flushed down, without forming blockages.
Installation Septic is made in several stages. Pre-prepare in advance:
In order to cope with the installation of the construction without auxiliary equipment, you will need help at least four people, since one employee cannot cope with the bulk product.
The most popular and widespread errors when installing septicists, which over time lead to more expensive troubles. And in certain exceptional cases, even to an explosion and fire.
Septic (please do not be confused with energy-dependent aerial treatment systems) is one or multi-chamber container in which wastewater treatment occurs, mainly anaerobic bacteria, with further soil purple.
SNiP 2.04.03-85 requires that each portion of sewage dwells in a septic to at least three days. In this case, the minimum required cleaning level will be achieved. And the cleaner water at the outlet of the septic, the less often it will have to cleaned the filtration well or replacing the filtering systems, as well as the likelihood of bacterial soil contamination due to insufficient water purification.
According to the standards, it is considered that per person per day the sewage volume is 200 liters. It is also necessary to take into account such a septic parameter as the maximum volley reset.
For plastic septones, the damp from the sand mixture with cement in the ratio of 1: 5 must be made. Under the action of moisture in the soil, it will turn into a protective cement cover, which will protect the septicity from the soil beams during its freezing, as well as from other skaters in the ground.
If the ground with a septic is easy to fall asleep the ground, during freezing or soil moves, it will have excessive pressure on the septic body, which can lead to its damage and further bacteriological infection of the soil with unthighted waters.
The upper part of the septic should be covered with insulation and only then rushing the earth. Insulation will help keep the septic temperature as high as possible and protect it from freezing in winter With seasonal operation.
The typical sewage temperature is in the range of 10-16 ° C. The higher the vital activity of microorganisms will be the more active than the activity of microorganisms, and the faster the wastewater will be cleaned. Most anaerobic bacteria are active at temperatures from 8 to 30 ° C (the higher - the better). If water freezes - bacteria die, and water purification will subsequently stop.
If the groundwater level is high and exceeds the water level in the septic, it will begin to emerge like a real ship. The higher the water level in the ground - the stronger the Archimedean will act. To prevent float tytic to put on concrete base And before the sprinkle is fixed with anchor belts. However, there are a lot of ways to combat an emergency.
Fan tube - continued sewage riser. It is displayed on the roof at a level of 15-50 cm above it. It is distinguished by the resulting gases from the septic, and the formation of air discharge in the pipe with volley plums is prevented.
The vital activity of bacteria is accompanied by significant gas formation. Here and carbon dioxide, and methane, and hydrogen sulfide. The last two are explosive. Therefore, gases need to provide a speedy free way out. This is what can happen if you neglect the ventilation.
But that's not all. Instant draining of a large amount of water creates a discharge in the pipe that pulls water from hydraulic assets (siphones), thereby disturbing their work. If the waterproofing stopped performing its role, smells and gases from the septica will fall into the room. The fan tube compensates for these discharges, and also displays the gases to the outside, and not to the room in the case when the hydroplays are dried due to a long interruption in operation. Also, in the absence of a fan tube, a situation is possible when gas can pass through the hydraulic machines if the septicch will be tightly closed.
Another important moment. The fan tube cannot be placed on the outer wall of the facade. Yes, and above the roof of heated premises, the pipe should rise only by 15-50 cm to avoid injuring and clogging in the winter period. After all, it will go warm and wet air.
Inexpensive gray pipes are designed to install indoors. For laying underground, special external sewage pipes are used (they often paint in red color), which have a higher degree of rigidity (SN4 marking - SN8).
When the soil is freezing, gray pipes can be survived, because of which wastewater will fall into the soil or the pipe blockage will occur.
Many know that the bias sewer pipe There must be at least 2 cm per meter of length, and believe that what it is more - the better. But it is not. For large slopes, large fractions do not have time to be picked up with liquid and can accumulate inside the pipes, which can lead to a blockage.
The roots of the trees are quite capable of disrupting the septicity of the septicity with time, because the close planting of trees is not recommended. But the landing of one or two bircling near the filtration well will make it possible to significantly increase the moisture removal. After all, an adult birch is capable of absorbing up to 400 liters of water per day!
The use of bacterial preparations intended for cesspool will launch a rapid reaction of gas formation in a septic, which will raise a lot of precipitate from the bottom, which will lead to its removal from the septica and the excavation of the filtration system.
Also worth avoiding various bioactivators. They contain artificially grown cultures of bacteria, which, as a rule, do not multiply and simply suppress the activities of natural bacteria.
The best option for starting the processes is the transfer of the alley from the other long-working septicity per 15 liters per person. As a last resort, the sediment can be used from cesspools, provided that he lay there for more than a year. If Il does not make it at all, the normal operation of the Septic will begin only six months-year.
The rules are determined by SNiP 2.04.03-85 "Sewage. External networks and facilities, "as well as Sanpin 2.1.5.980-00" Hygienic requirements to the protection of surface waters. " Failure to comply with the rules threatens fines, forced dismantling of septicism and other "pleasures".
Septic must be located from residential buildings at a distance of at least 5 meters, from the fence of neighbors at least 2 meters. To the point of water intake, with a guaranteed absence of communication between layers, not less than 20 meters. Before the roadway with intense movement - at least 5 meters. Reservoirs are at least 50 meters.
It is also necessary to take into account the possibility of an entry of the machine for pumping the sludge and place a septic tackle 10 meters from the point of the entrance.
Failure to comply with individual standards threatens to withdraw the foundations, bacteriological clogging of drinking water and conflicts with neighbors.
Where to start building a house? The answer is clear, with the foundation. Although, if you say strictly, it would probably be more correct to start with electricity and water, however, people build and without water and without electricity. But now I would noted another moment, which is best to consider at the very beginning - the device of septic. After all, we do not want a house, but a house with all amenities.
Considering this topic, I met a lot of articles about septics and videos in which the experience of the septic and sewer and sewage is divided both professionals and private developers. Among the experience of private traders, experience is especially allocated, with knitted foundations, in the house of sewers, laying sewage pipes under the sexes, etc.
Judging by this experience, many begin to build and enter the sewage to the house after the house has already erected (still, as a rule, is not completed, but the foundation, walls and roof are already standing). Is it correct? I think this is, let's say, the normal path. However, not the most rational.
In fact, about the septic (and the sewage itself) is worth thinking even even before the construction of the foundation. Here are what arguments for this:
To arrange the septica, you need to highlight the place in the site in advance, and so that in the future any association car can easily drive up to the septica at least three or four meters away, so as to lower the hose in the container (the usual hose length to 6 meters, which If necessary, you can increase the attachment of additional sleeves, but this may entail additional costs);
The septic device together with the outer sewage laying is one of the most dirty tasks due to large volumes of earthworks. To immediately donate with the most dirties on the plot conveniently septicchki make immediately after the construction of the foundation (and maybe even simultaneously or before)
To avoid the need to drill the foundation, it is better to provide a place where the outer sewage will go to the house. If the foundation is assumed to be small-breeding tape, then the sewer will be easy to pave both under it. But if we are talking about a real deep foundation or basement, it is best to provide in it even before the pouring a hole for the input of the sewer pipe. Otherwise, do not do without drilling, which increases the cost of work and is a very time-consuming case requiring a special tool;
Under the septicchka, it is necessary to provide sufficient area, and in compliance with the necessary standards of location (the distance to the house, the distance to neighboring sites, etc., the manufacturers and professionals are known about these requirements). At the same time, each septic will need its own area. It is obvious that the septic tank of a labeled pit in the form of a metal or plastic container for 3-5 cubic meters will require less space than a capacity of 10 cubes.
By the way, according to the experience of tenants when permanent accommodation Three people in the house 10-cubic capacity requires the call of the assesenizer machine every month and a half. Many squares and earthworks will require a septic tank type (and analogs) - mainly due to additional infiltrates, which are installed with the septic one, usually in an amount up to two pieces (in the picture from the manufacturer's booklet - Installation of the septic tank 2, tank 2.5).
But manufacturers promise that with such a septic, the challenge of the assessing agents will need much less often (once a year and even much less often when using bacteria), besides, the "tank" is a non-volatile septic, i.e. Does not require electricity.
Yet less area and earthworks, other things being equal, require energy-dependent septic tanks with aeration (for example, septic tank, septicial unomostic Astra, Bionics, etc.). They will allow you to form a truly autonomous sewer, although they require significantly high costs at the installation and installation phase. However, the entrance of the assessing machine is better to provide in this case.
So when is it better to make a septic?In my opinion, it is best to make a septicch immediately after filling the fondment (when pouring, it is planning how the sewage pipe will enter the house) - that is, to make a septic tank, external sewer and bring it to the house to a connection point with the future internal system. At the same time, it is desirable to have at least a draft project, an outline of this very internal system sewage.
Another associated question that is asked -
In principle, if the foundation is not deep, the external sewage pipe can be paved later. To do this, you will need to proceed the trench under the foundation, put a piece for the foundation iron pipe To protect, and through it, let out the outdoor sewage under the foundation.
But, of course, it will be easier if, with the fill of the Folnamna, the hole will already be provided (as well as holes for underground ventilation), example - see in this photo.
If there are not enough funds for the entire system, that is, it makes sense with the construction of the foundation to make at least the point of entering the sewage to the house. Then it will already be possible to erect walls without further problems and even retain the floors, and the gasket of the outer sewage and the installation of the septica is made at any other time.
And one more important remark. If you want to save money and strength on the domestic sewage device, then it is also necessary to think about it in advance. The simplest will and cheap to make all the sources for the sewage are on the first floor of the house, and the bathroom (bath, toilet) and the kitchen were located nearby.
Then it will be possible to easily arrange a sewer in such a scheme: first the pipe is introduced into the house, the externally sewage is introduced, which on the other hand is connected to the septic. Then it connects with a single inner sewage riser, and from it in one or different sides (at a short distance) there are taps to the toilet, soul and to the kitchen.
Nick Masters, site
Video on the topic of sewage in the house (how to avoid "jambs"):
This question is also asked. In my opinion, this is not so related to each other - the inner wiring, the external sewer and the septicch itself can be installed independently of each other. Only foreseen, where and how one to another will be connected.
That is, you can put the toilet, connect it to the internal sewage and without any septic. BUT! It is clear that it will be impossible to use it - where will the drainages go? But when you assemble the entire system of the whole system, yes add a plumbing here, then, please, please root yourself on health :)
As a temporary option, when the house is ready, it can already live in it, but there is still no sewage system - many use a relay.
