Coniferous trees - beauty all year round, their resistance to the change of seasons is invariably attracting gardeners and landscape designers. For the most part, they are undemanding to the conditions of cultivation and care, steadyly carry the summer heat, and winter strules. In addition, there are currently many varieties of coniferous plants - trees and shrubs, choose something suitable for this site is not at all difficult.
Spruce is a classic landscape, evergreen tree, relevant on any plot. A spruce will look great and as a central element, and as a background for other plants; In a single landing, in a group, in the form of a living hedge. Currently there are more than 40 types of firs, among which are types of natural origin, and hybrid varieties. Many of the natural species have several decorative varieties.
Spruce - a long-lived tree, in Sweden in national Park There is a spruce, which is 9550 years old. This is a record digit even for firings, the life expectancy of which is on average 200-500 years. The long-liver received his own name - old Tikko.
The spruce is growing slowly, in 10 years it grows up to one and a half meters high, but grows on the century. In natural nature, this tree can be seen in the forests of the northern hemisphere. Spruce forest is dark and dense, most often - without a undergrowth, consisting of beautiful, slender trees with a height of up to 30 meters.
Spruce is a monocoa tree, Croon cone-shaped or pyramidal, with a watched, open or drooping location of the branches.
Roots in young trees rod, but with age, the main root dries out, it is replaced by numerous processes that extend horizontally and shallow in the ground.
Cora Sea or brown-gray, with thin laying plates. The needle is a tetrahedral, short, sharp, green. Each chowan is growing separately, from a sheet pillow, which becomes noticeable after the needle is popped.
The cones are oblong and pointed, up to 15 cm long, with a diameter of 3-4 cm. They are not scattered, but fall after the ripening of seeds per year of fertilization. Seeds - the winters ripen in October, and fall out of the cones. At this time, the wind picks up and spreads around the district. Once in favorable conditions, they germinate and give life a new tree, their germination is saved for about 10 years.
One of the representatives of the family is a dwarf Canadian Sizai Spruce:
Cedar is another coniferous tree having numerous and attractive for form designers. Naturally, if it is a real cedar, not a cedar pine. From other coniferous trees, cedar is distinguished by the arrangement of the needles, it is collected in bundles of 20-50 pieces, while pines and freshers it is single. A similar fastening of the needles is observed at larch, but she has a soft needles, while Kedra is barbed and tough, and falls in the fall.
Cedar bumps stand on branches, and do not hang like a pine tree and fir trees. In shape they look like a bump of fir, but round. After ripening, they scattered into parts, the seeds are scattered by the wind.
Unique is the shape of the crown. The Lebanese cedar has a wide, spread as an umbrella. The branches in it are located tiers, the symmetry of which is not observed in all trees. The needles are green, gray-green, blue-green, the length of the chewing 3-4 cm, they are collected in the bundles of 30-40 pieces.
Cedar Atlassky is distinguished by a cone-shaped crown than similar to the usual spruce. It is also assembled in the bundles, it is very short - about 2.5 cm. Color - silver-gray, or blue-green.
Even the molding form of the Atlas Cedar, who, without a doubt, will be the highlight of the landscape, especially if it is a rocky Japanese garden with natural or artificial reservoir. Watch photo:
Cedar Atlassky
The branches hang at him quite like a wish of Willow, only instead of delicate leaflets here spiny needles, which look unusual, but quite gently and attractive:
Atlas Cedar
Cedar Himalayan - owner of a wide cone-shaped crown with a dull vertex and horizontally growing branches. But hanging shoots are also with him, although not a specialist will easily take it a bit of a little unusual shape:
Cedar Himalayan
The needle of the Himalayan cedar is light green, up to 4-5 cm long, grows with beams.
Despite certain differences, there are a lot of cedars and a lot. All of them belong to evergreen trees growing in a height of up to 50-60 meters. IN early age Grow slowly, then add in growth faster.
The bark in young copies is smooth, with age becomes a scaly, cracking, dark gray in color.
Kiparis is completely different, a special kind of family of evergreens coniferous trees and shrubs. Not in vain in the east, he is considered a standard of harmony. This tree, with all his own kind, as it were, saying that it does not take a lot of space in your garden, and will not require special care. But laconic are not all the cypresses, there are among them and shrubs with wide, spread crowns. This numerous family consists of 20 genera and 140 species.
Kiparis prefers a warm climate. In the northern hemisphere, it can be seen in tropical and subtropical belts, on the coasts of the Black and Mediterranean seas. As well as in the Himalayas, in Sakhar, and in China. In the Western Hemisphere grows in Central America, Mexico and the southern United States.
The leaves of the cypresses are small, first they are needed, similar to needles, then - scratched, tightly pressed against the branches. Cypress One-Doma Plant - Men's and Women's Flowers appear on the same tree. Ophid or round bumps, ripen for the second year after appearance, seeds are flattened, with wings.
Evergreen cypress - a tree that can be seen on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus and Crimea. Its height reaches 30 meters, the crown is narrow, colon-shaped, short branches raised up and pressed against the trunk. It is grown in culture from ancient times, this is a real long-lived, capable of living more than 2 thousand years. In Turkey, he is considered trees with trees, and planted on cemeteries. In the photo evergreen cypresses:
Kiparis Evergreen
Arizona cypress, originally from the southwestern regions of the United States and Mexico. This is a rather tall tree, up to 20 meters high with well-developed roots. Despite the southern origin, steadfastly to -25 degrees, but the young trees for the winter must be covered with agrofiber.
Arizona cypress
Large-mode cypress is characterized by a colonum-shaped crown. But this feature is only in young specimens, with the age of branches become gentle, bend and form a wide, spreading crown.
The needle of a large-scale cypress has a pleasant lemon smell, so it is eagerly grown in winter gardens, or in Bonsai culture.
Large-rooted cypress
Watching cypress - owner of the risen branches. The plant is from China, where it is often planted in cemeteries.
The cypressovik is also included in the cypress family, and has 7 species that grow in the northern hemisphere. Evergreen plant, one-bedroom, coniferous, with a cone-shaped crown. Branches growing up, or open and drooped, barrel scaly, brown or brown. In natural conditions, it grows up to 70 meters, in culture - up to 20-30 meters.
Chipper furnished leaflets, similar to small scales. The bumps are not large, rigid, round, diameter up to 12 mm. Seeds are matured in the first year.
Placer cypress
Lavson's cypressovik is a high and slim tree with a narrow cone-shaped crown expanding the book. The top is inclined by the side. Barrel with thick, red-brown bark, which over time becomes inhomogeneous and scaly. The needle is shiny, green, with whiten stripes. The cones oval and rounded, with a diameter of about 1 cm, light brown, with a jam-blue bloom.
In general, the tree is very beautiful, it looks great in the alleys and landings together with the cypressions of other species, but, unfortunately, low frost resistance does not allow it to grow it in the regions with severe winters. In the photo Cypress Lavson:
Cypress Lavson
Gorokhornoplode cypressive - high, up to 30 meters, a tree with a cone-shaped crown, originally from Japan. Externally, from afar, it looks like deciduous trees, but he has the same needles as all of the representatives of the family.
Sorochopling cypressive
Cryptomy - the name of this evergreen tree is often written or pronounced with the definition: "Japanese". And not enough - a tree from the Japanese islands is considered a symbol of the country of the rising sun, and has a second name: Japanese cedar. Although it belongs to the family of cypress, and does not belong to the kind of ceders.
In nature, there is only one type of this plant, hybrid varieties On its basis, there is still no, although it is known in culture since 1842. In Russia, it is grown in the Crimea and on the Caucasian coast of the Black Sea.
The tree is quite high and fast-growing, grows up to 70 meters. Crown is thick, but narrow. Bark fiber, red-brown, massive barrel - up to 4 meters in diameter.
Shilovoid needles, more like the spikes of roses than on a cheva, but longer than 3 cm. The color of the needles are light green, but in winter it becomes a yellowish tint.
The tree is one-bedroom, male flowers grow out of pieces of shoots with beams. Women's single, arranged at the ends of the shoots. The cones are rounded, a diameter of 2 cm, ripen in the first year, but fall on the next summer. Seeds with wings, about 5-6 mm in length.
In the photo Kripomeria Japanese:
Japanese cryptomeria
Larch - a leaf fall tree of a family of pine. The leaflets of this tree are very similar to the cheva, but in the fall they fall, and in the spring appear again, like deciduous treesSo Russia is called a larch. In total there are 20 species of this tree, 9 of them grows in Russia.
A tree is large, up to 50 meters high, and a barrel diameter of about 1 meter. For the year, the increase is 1 meter, larch - a long-lived, capable of living up to 400 years, but in culture it is rarely used.
Krone does not have a dense, in young copies of cone-shaped, in the area with constant winds can be one-sided, or flag-like. The root system is strong, branched, without a pronounced main root, but with numerous and deeply stretching lateral processes.
The needles are soft, bright, on elongated shoots grows spiral, and on short - bundles, like a cedar. In the fall crept completely. One-bed tree with male and female flowers. Seeds are developing in women's cones, from 15-20 years.
Learn from afar, you can take for a splashful spruce:
Larch
Microbiota is a coniferous shrub of the cypress family. There is only one type of this plant - microbiota cross-step, growing on Far East Russia. The number of species is reduced, due to the fact that seeds cannot spread far from the parent bush, and many years of thickets are destroyed by forest fires, so the species entered into the Red Book of Russia.
This is a prostrate shrub, with fluttering subtle escapes, so it can be taken for the thieves of the thug. The needles of scaly, green in summer and brown in winter, young plants are needleful on shaded shoots. Small bumps, single-stage, consist of 2-3 scales. Root system uroxewood, thick.
Microbiot is growing very slowly, for the year it gives only 2 cm of growth, but it has a longevity - in culture can grow more than 100 years. In general, microbiota looks very appropriate in single and group plantings, so the gardeners are always in demand. On the picture:
Microbiota
Juniper is a diving one, the coniferous plant of the cypress family, very common in the northern hemisphere. Various climatic zones of the planet inhabit more than 70 species of this plant, some of which feels good in Russian expanses, and can live to 600 years.
The tree juniper is capable of forming separate forests, shrubs grow as a undergrowth or third tier in coniferous and deciduous forests, as well as on stony slopes.
Juniper shrubs are sharpening, with shoots about 1.5 meters long, but tree shapes can reach 30 meters in height.
Juniper leaves are opposite, igladny, oblong. Young instances can be in the form of needles, in adult plants - scratched-shaped, pressed against stems. Berries are covered, with tightly closed scales, each from 1 to 10 seeds, which ripen for 2 years.
Juniper
Fir - coniferous tree pine family. As well as the cedar, it grows up, and disintegrate on the tree. Up to 50 types of fir grows in the northern hemisphere. The tree is powerful and high - up to 60 meters, with a moderately spreaded cone-shaped crown.
Bark stem gray, u different species It may be smooth and thin throughout the lifetime, or thick and fascinated.
In the photo of the bumps of Korean fir:
Root rod, strong in-depth. The needles are flat, with a pointed or rounded top, on the branches is located singly or spiral.
Cylindrical cones, ripen in 1 summer, fall apart in autumn, throwing seeds with wings, diverted by the wind.
Among plants adorning our gardens, coniferous trees occupy a special place. They give the garden a noble look and decorate it all year round. They love them for the fact that they are very decorative and set the tone in many compositions. But, especially popular coniferous plants in winter - on the eve of the New Year. They look spectacularly in the New Year's decoration in our apartments, under the hats of snow in large parks and squares, and on very small sites.
As for landed coniferous plants, then we can say that the sympathies of gardeners are practically evenly distributed among different species Firings, pines, tui, juniper and larchs. All of them can be called long-livers, many of them live even one hundred years.
Almost all coniferous plants are evergreen. Only some of them, for example, larch, dumps a cheva for the winter. Nevertheless, the rest update their chevy gradually. Once a few years, old needles are falling out, and new young green khiows appear in their place.
The manifold of coniferous plants allows gardeners to choose the most suitable tree or shrub for their garden.
The following merit merchants make them very popular in landscape gardening:
If you decide to plant a coniferous plant on your site, you need to come to choose very carefully.
Key issues to which you need to answer:
Coniferous plants Perfectly combined, in particular with cereals, with roses, etc. If the answers are ready, you can take a selection of varieties, species and shape of a coniferous plant.
Evergreen monocarbon and wind-sour plant. Latin name (Lat. Pícea.) Spruce is required to large resin content in the wood. Widespread use in industry is due to the softness of wood and the absence of the kernel.
Spruce - Perhaps the most favorite and common coniferous tree in our country. These beautiful slender trees with a pyramidal crown occupy one of the first places in the coniferous kingdom and there are almost 50 species of plants in their family.
The greatest number of fir types grows in Western and Central China and in the northern hemisphere. In Russia, 8 species of ate are well known.
A spruce is considered a sufficiently shadowable plant, however, it still prefers good lighting. The root system is superficial, i.e. Closely located to the ground. Therefore, the land in the roots do not go. Spruce demanding of soil fertility, loves light lighter and samp soil.
Types of firs, successfully used in the gardening of the site:
Sometimes it reaches 40 meters. Fast growing tree. Thanks to the special color of the needles - the top is brilliant dark green, and the bottom - with noticeable white stripes, it seems that the tree is bluish-green. Brown-purple bumps give the plants a special charm and elegance.
Serbian spruce looks great, both in solitary and group landing. An excellent example serve magnificent alleys in the parks.
There are dwarf varieties with a height of no more than 2 meters.
(Picea Obovata.). On the territory of our country grows in Western and Eastern Siberia, in the Far East and in the Urals.
The coniferous tree with a height of up to 30 m. Crown is thick biccins, with a pointed vertex. Bark fractured, gray. Ophid-cylindrical cones, brown. It has several subtypes, differing colorful needles - from pure-green to silver and even golden.
Erendan fir, or ordinary (Picea abies). The maximum height of the coniferous tree is 50 m. It can live up to 300 years. This is a slim tree with a thick pyramidal crown. Spruce is considered the most common tree in Europe. The width of the trunk of the old tree can reach 1 m. Ripe cones of ordinary spruce is an oblong cylindrical shape. They ripen in autumn in October, and their seeds begin to fall out from January to April. European spruce is considered the fastest growing. So, for the year she can grow by 50 cm.
Thanks to the breeding work today, several very decorative varieties of this species are derived. Among them there are spruce, compact, kegletoid. All of them are very popular in landscape landscaping and are widely used in park compositions and as a living hedge.
Spruce, like any other coniferous plant, especially beautiful becomes with the arrival of winter. Any shade of needles effectively emphasizes snow cover, and the garden looks elegant and noble.
In addition to the above-described species, spruce gardeners spray, East, Black, Canadian, Ayanskaya.
Pine genera consists of more than 100 items. These coniferous plants are distributed almost throughout the northern hemisphere. Also, pine grows perfectly as part of forests in Asia and North America. Artificially planned plantations of pines feel well in the southern hemisphere of our planet. Much harder this coniferous tree is coming in conditions of the city.
It tolerates frost and drought. But the lack of light pine does not really like. This coniferous plant gives a good annual increase. The thick crown of pine is very decorative, and therefore pine is successfully used in greening parks and gardens both in a single landing and in group. This coniferous tree prefers sandy, lime and stony soils. Although there are several types of pines that prefer fertile soils are pine beamutov, Wallich, cedar and resinous.
Some properties of pine are simply striking. For example, he admits the feature of its bark when the bark is much thicker than that at the top. It makes it once again think about the wisdom of nature. After all, this particular property protects the tree from summer overheating and a possible lower fire.
Another feature is how the tree is pre-prepared for the winter period. After all, the evaporation of moisture in the frost can destroy the plant. Therefore, as soon as cold is approaching, pine needles are covered with a thin layer of wax, and the dust closes. Those. Pine stops breathing!
Pine ordinary. The right is considered a symbol of the Russian forest. In height, the tree reaches 35-40 meters, and therefore is deservedly called the first magnitude tree. The trunk circle sometimes reaches 1 meter. The needles at pine - dense, sizo-green. The form is different - the protruding, curved, and even assembled in the bundles of 2 needles.
The life expectancy of the needles is 3 years. With the onset of the autumn of the chewing yellow and fall.
The pine cones, as a rule, are located 1-3 pieces on the legs. Ripe cones have a brown or brown color and reach 6 cm.
In adverse conditions, the pine ordinary may stop growing and staying "dwarf". Surprisingly, different instances can have a different root system. For example, on dry soils, pine may develop a rod root that minor water deep underground. And in conditions of high groundwater running, side roots are developing.
The life expectancy of the pine can reach 200 years. Stories are known when Pine lived and 400 years.
Pine ordinary is considered fast-growing. For the year, its increase can be 50-70 cm. Fruit is a coniferous tree begins with 15 years of age. In the conditions of forest and thick landing - only after 40 years.
Latin name Pinus Mugo. This is a multi-rolled conifer, reaching a height of 10-20 meters. Dwarf varieties - 40-50 cm. Barrels - salting and ascending. In an adult condition can reach in diameter 3 m. A very decorative coniferous plant.
The needles are dark, long, often curved. Bark brownish gray, scaly. The cones ripen on the 3rd year.
To date, more than 100 varieties of pine mountains are registered. And every year this number increases. In landscaped landscaping, dwarf varieties are especially used, which form beautiful compositions along the shores of reservoirs and in rocky gardens.
Magnificent view of a narrow pyramidal crown. Motherland - North America. In our country, it grows well in the southern and middle lane. Grow up to 10 meters. Very bad tolerate urban conditions. Especially in young age Frequently frozen. Prefers places protected from winds. Therefore, the pine yellow is better to land with groups.
Dark and long needles. The bark is thick, reddish-brown, cracks on the large plates. Egg-shaped cones, almost seated. In total there are about 10 varieties of yellow pine.
Very spectacular pine variety. Motherland - North America. The needles has a blue-green shade. The bumps are large and somewhat curved. An adult tree can reach a height of more than 30 meters. It is considered a long-liver, as it can live to 400 years. As it grows it changes its crown with a narrowopyramidal to a wide-frame. It acquired its name thanks to the English Lord Waemut, who took her home from North America in the 18th century.
Poor tolerates salted soils and. Frodules are relatively stable, but does not like winds. For the pine, Weimut is characteristic of a redhead on young shoots.
A relatively low conifer plant is up to 20 m high. This is a slow-growing tree. The bark is light gray, lamellar. The needle is bright green, rigid, curved. Chips are yellowish, shiny, long. The diameter of the crown can reach 5-6 meters.
Some experts consider her pine Heldreyha. Indeed, the similarity is great. However, since there are varieties under the other name, still focus on the pine Belokor. To date, about 10 varieties of this species are known. Approximately the same at the pine of Heldray. Often varieties can be mixed.
This type of pine in the conditions of our country is best taken out in the southern areas, as it does not tolerate frosts. Pine white light, the soil nutritional is undemutatory, but it is better growing on moderately moisturized, drained and moderately alkaline soils.
It looks good in Japanese, stony and heather garden. Great suitable for both solitary landing and mixed group.
High (up to 60 m) Coniferous tree with a conical crown. A little bit like a fir. In diameter can reach 2 meters. This is a real long-lived plant. Some copies live 400-700 years. The trunk of the fir is direct, colonum. Crown thick. In the young age of Crown, fir has a cone-shaped or pyramidal shape. As the crown form is growing, it becomes cylindrical.
Couplings depending on the variety have different lengths and live 8-10 years. Frequency of fir starts from about 30 years old. A bumps are reprehension and long (up to 25 cm).
This coniferous plant does not tolerate frost, drought and a large heat. The advantages include what is the most shadowed tree. Sometimes shoots can appear under the maternal tree in full shading conditions. With good lighting, fir, naturally grow better.
This coniferous plant is a real find in landscape gardening. Fir uses in a single landing, and to decorate Alley. Dwarf shapes look great in the rocky garden and on the Alpine slide.
Botanical name Abies Balsamea "Nana". This coniferous plant is a dwarf pillowing tree. In natural conditions grows in North America.
In the care of unpretentious. He loves good lighting, but the shadow tolerates too well. For firing balsamic scary, not so much frost, how strong gusty winds that can simply dampen a small tree. The soil prefers a light, wet, fertile, weakness. The height reaches 1 m, which makes it a favorite decorator object in landscape gardening. It is equally good for decorating the garden, gardening terraces, slopes and roofs.
Propagated by seeds and annual cuttings with an upheat kidney.
The needles are dark green with a special reflections. Express characteristic resinous fragrance. Red-brown bumps, elongated, reach a length of 5-10 cm.
This is a very slowly growing conifer plant. For 10 years, it grows no more than 30 cm. Lives up to 300 years.
Fir Nordman (or Caucasian). Evergreen coniferous tree that came to us from the mountains of the Caucasus and Malaya Asia. Sometimes grows up to 60-80 meters in height. The shape of the crown is a neat cone. It is for this neat appearance and love gardeners in Fir Nordman.
It is her who dressed instead of the Christmas tree for the New Year holidays in many European countries. In many ways, this is due to the structure of branches - branches are often located and raised up. This is a distinctive feature of Nordman Fir.
The needles are dark green with some glitter. Young shoots have a light green, even a yellowish tint. Coupling - from 15 to 40 mm, look very fluffy. If the needles are slightly lost between your fingers, you can feel a specific citrus fragrance.
The trunk of an adult plant can reach two meters in the diameter. In the young age, the bark fir is Caucasian grayish-brown, smooth. As adults are cracking into segments and becomes matte.
Fir Nordman is growing quite rapidly. Under favorable conditions, this coniferous tree can live to 600-700 years. Moreover, the increase in height and in width continues until the very last day of life!
Depending on the type of soil, the root system can be both superficial and in-depth with the central rod. This fir bumps have large, up to 20 cm, located on a short leg vertically.
It has a unique property - the cheops on the branches remain even after their drying, right up to mechanical damage.
Coniferous evergreen plant relating to the family of cypress. It can be like a tree and shrub. Juniper Communis (Juniperus Communis) grows mainly in the northern hemisphere of our planet. However, in Africa, you can also meet your juniper - East African. In the Mediterranean and in Central Asia, this plant forms juniper forests. Pretty spread of low-spirited species that are sprinkled on the ground and stony slopes.
To date, more than fifty species of juniper are known.
As a rule, it is a light and drought-resistant culture. Completely undemanding to soil and temperatures. However, as any plant, has its own preferences - for example, it is better developed in light and nutritious soil.
Like all coniferous plants, relates to long-livers. The average duration of his life is about 500 years.
The needles of a juniper bluish-green color, triangular, pointed at the ends. The bumps have a spherical shape, gray or blue. Root rod.
Magical properties were attributed to this coniferous plant. For example, it was believed that the juniper wreath blends evil spirits and brings good luck. Perhaps therefore in Europe a fashion appeared to hang wreaths on the eve of the New Year.
Landscape design is widely used both trees and juniper shrubs. Group landings are good when creating live elevations. Single plants also perfectly cope with the main role in the composition. Calculate varieties are often used as soil plants. They strongly strengthen the slopes and prevent soil erosion. In addition, the juniper is well amenable to haircut.
Juniperus Scaly (Juniperus Squamata) - Shrub of the poppy form. Thick branches with the same thick cheevey look very decorative.
Evergreen coniferous plant. It has the form of trees or shrubs. Depending on the genus and species differ in color, quality of the needles, the form of the crown, height and lifespan. Representatives of some species live to 150 years. At the same time, there are specimens - true long-livers who reach almost 1000 years old!
In landscaped landscaping, Tuya is considered one of the basic plants, and as any conifer is good and in a group landing, and as a solo plant. It is used for the design of alley, alive hedges and borders.
The most common types of Tui - Tui Western, Eastern, Giant, Korean, Japanese, etc.
Tui's needles - soft needle. A young needle plant has a light green color. With the age of needle acquires more dark tint. Fruits - oval or oblong shishchers. Seeds ripen already in the first year.
It is famous for Thuja his unpretentiousness. It is well tolerating frost, and a noncainting in care. Unlike other coniferous plants, there is a good gaspace in large cities. Therefore, indispensable in urban landscaping.
Coniferous plants with a quay falling for winter. This is partly explained by his name. These are large, light-minded and winter-hardy plants that are rapidly growing, undemanding to soil and do not badly carry air pollution.
Larch is especially beautiful in early spring And late autumn. In the spring of the decoration of the larch acquires a gentle green shade, and in the fall - bright yellow. Since the needle is growing every year, her needles are very soft.
Fruit larch from 15 years. The cones have an ovoid-conical shape, something remotely resembling a rose flower. Reach length 6 cm. Young cones have a purple color. As they ripen, they acquire a brown shade.
Larch - Wood-long-liver. Some of them live up to 800 years. The most intensely plant develops in the first 100 years. These are high and slim trees reaching depending on the type and conditions of 25-80 meters in height.
In addition, larch is a very useful tree. He has very solid and durable wood. In industry, its red core enjoys the greatest demand. Also, larch appreciate both folk medicine. Folk Lekari harvest her young shoots, kidneys and a larch resin, which receives the "Venetian" Terpetin (Skipidar), used in many diseases. The bark is harvested throughout the summer and used as a vitaminer.
Admire the beauty of nature with us
Most coniferous plants tall trees, for example: spruce, pine, thuja or fir. Among the coniferous and evergipers there are many plants growing in the form of shrubs: making themselves, many types of juniper, Magonia Padoliste. However, these are not all existing types of coniferous and evergreen plants. The manifold of conifers is also represented by soil and fluttering species. These are a variety of juniper (for example, a plate).
Spruce, Tui, fir, and in warmer areas of cypress, are used by gardeners, as an ideal background for garden and park plants. A gorgeous alive fence from evergreen plants is not only about the borders of your garden, it will cover the curious views, but also hobs the landscape shortages. If you choose a spruce as plants for live hedges, then after 3-4 years of regular haircut, you can get a tight green barrier, which is not able to overcome neither a person or animals. With the help of a few thuv or firs, the garden space can be zonied and change its perception, while planting plants, taking into account various shades of the color of the needles.
Without use additional Materials You can organize a quiet nest for reflection, Japanese-style kindergarten or can be a regular English park. And all this will not lose their decorativeness all year! To make your garden every season in a new way, it will only be necessary to climb to coniferous and evergreen shrubs Drafting perennials, annual and bulbous flowers. The combination of coniferous breeds of plants and roses is considered the most spectacular and noble, by the way, roses also belong to evergreen plants and have roughness and care requirements with conifers.
Live hedges from the Samshat Evergreen are unusually looking. The brilliant bright green foliage of this shrub gives the main type of compositions, and the undoubted plus is the ability to submit the bushes of the nurse of the evergreen haircut. Topiary art - giving plants from different shapes with a haircut. Another edge of using coniferous evergreen trees and shrubs in the art of creating an ideal garden.
A variety of forms are far from all the advantages of coniferous plants. Coniferous plants do not require special care and are rarely damaged by pests and diseases. The needles highlights special substances-phytoncides into the atmosphere, which are known for their qualities: to heal and purify the air, to positively influence the human respiratory organs. Healing air charges us with energy. Coniferous plants are decorative in summer, but, especially they are beautiful, in winter time of the year, when they create a pleasant contrast with leaf falling plants. Therefore, coniferous plants for the garden - an indispensable choice.
Due to its impressive size and amazing color of the needles, compositions with coniferous plants will decorate any territory. Experiment, plan the conifers - dwarf, slowly growing forms of firs, pines, tui and juniper in rocky gardens and alpine slides. Camely juniper legs of a rocky garden can be comfortable to grow even on the sun.
How to care for coniferous trees and shrubs?
Watering. Basically, young trees need in watering. They are abundantly watered at least once a week at the rate of 15-20 liters under the plant. Coniferous trees need to be abundantly watering in the fall - evergreen crops more often dry in winter Not from cold weather, but from lack of moisture. Drought-resistant rocks (for example, pines) do not need additional watering, and trees such as thua suffer from lack of moisture.
Sprinkling. All coniferous plants are needed in the spray, especially in the spring-summer period. In dry weather, sprinkling well in the morning or evening. During the first year after planting coniferous plants, it is carried out in a day. Due to the sprinkling of the needles is cleaned from dirt and dust.
Mulching - prevents the earth drying, limits the growth of weeds and maintains the necessary soil temperature in the root zone. As a mulching material, a bark of coniferous rocks, peat and fallen foliage are used.
How to choose the right place in the garden for the coniferous plant.
Many conifers prefer plots protected from bright sun and cold winds, sufficiently moistened soil and good drainage. Put your conifer plant in such a place and it will completely reveal its decorative qualities. Most coniferous plants are better in winter if they are placed by groups.
Coniferous plants are better suited as solitizers, normally carrying wintering outdoors. This may be pine, spruce, larch. Suggest such coniferous plants along with other decorative evergreen and leaf padded plants, and you will create a warmer and protected microclimate.
In Russia, darkened forests occupy fairly significant areas, in the European part and in Eastern Siberia - approximately 15 million hectares, with a total margin of wood in 2.6 billion m3. Grow coniferous breeds Trees, both in mountainous areas and on the plains. In the dark forests, such evergreen, shadowish coniferous trees, are growing mainly as:
In these forests, there is always gloomy, shady, wet. This is explained by the fact that in them weak illumination and a small heater of the underlying forest plants and soil are observed due to tightly folded crowns of these trees and the high closure of the woods.
The average temperature in the dark forests in July, the most warm month, slightly exceeds 10 degrees. It is at this temperature first, in coniferous trees - "aging" young shoots that appeared in spring; Secondly - the formation on the surface of the cheops and branches of the tank protection layer necessary for the wintering of these plants.
In the dark forests there are both pure trends and mixed types of coniferous trees with other, deciduous rocks. For example, in the Carpathians and in the Caucasus, the fir grows together with the beech; In Siberia - Fir and Pine Cedar Siberian; In the Far East - Pine Cedar Korean, Fir, ash; on about. Sakhalin and Kuril Islands - Fir together with Ayanskaya fir. The mountainy fir forests have a large water protection, climators-incorporate, soil-protecting and water management.
Family pine, spread in the mountains, less likely - on the plains, from the Carpathians to the Kuril Islands. This is an evergreen decorative, coniferous pine tree of a dark forest. It has a direct barrel, the height of which reaches 80 (sometimes - 100 m), diameter - 0.5-2 m, thick cone-shaped with a mutiot branching of the crown and intermoil shoots. At the ends of the shoots - developing kidneys, stupid or slightly pointed, greenish, reddish or brownish, in some types of fir - resinous.
On the smooth crust of the plant, numerous swollen (grats) containing fragrant, transparent zhivitsa are visible.
Fir leaves are a long-term, flat, linear, fragrant non-combat, dark green color, shiny needles. At the top of the needle a little dull, on its underside - two oblong, white stripes. In each strip - 3-4 rows of dust. Observations have shown that each khuminka can be saved on a tree of 7-10 years. Fakes fir in May.
In the lower part of the chrome, on the upper side of the two-year escapes, in the sinuses of the needles, there are male spikelets (microstrobils), single, oblong, with twillers of yellow or red. The transfer of spikelets pollen even over long distances due to the presence of two aircraft in pollen beans.
In the upper part of the crown, the end of last year's escape, there are seed female lumps (megastrobils), single, green or reddish-purple. Inside the bumps spirally arranged scales, covered with a protective layer of resin, in the sinuses of which are sitting in pairs of the kidney seed. Ripe cones. Personal, purple or brownish color, oval or cylindrical. Seeds winged, after ripening on the very first year, in September-October scattered together with scales.
The fir is multiplied by seeds, vegetatively (cuttings and tanks) - rarely. Fir - a shadowless, moisture-loving, soils of the pine family: they should be lungs, sandy, loamy, pretty wet, well-fertilous. The plant does not tolerate air pollution with smoke and gas; Very unstable to fire, so fir forests suffer very much from fires.
A variety of types of this plant are of great importance in various industries and medicine. From the gils, the fir gets turpentine, from conifers of cones - essential oil - raw materials for receiving medical camphore. In folk medicine for the treatment of various diseases, the infusion of needles and decoction of the kidneys are used.
As the main forest-forming breed, is used in construction, in the pulp and paper industry, cargo production. As a beautiful decorative plant, planted it in gardens and parks inhabited.
Evergreen coniferous tree, Pine Family. Completed in the European part of Russia, in the Baltic States, Belarus, Carpathians, in Asia and North America. These are elegant, slender, decorative trees of a pine forest, the height of which reaches 20-50 m, have a straight, large trunk, thinning gradually, to the top of the vertex. Covered with scaly bark red brown color. Krone Slender, thick, pyramidal, which has horizontally distinguished or weakly reversible, at the ends - lifting branches.
Since spruce is a shadowed plant, its lower branches are well saved and even can be rooted. But, having a surface root system, it is low-resistant and therefore, a strong wind can turn along with roots. At the folds of the bark having the appearance of oblong pads, one by one, spirally, is located needles, which is saved to 7-8 years old. Quad fette, spiny, on the top - pointed; "Flowers" in May. In closer, the tremble begins to "bloom" aged from 25-30 years, in the discharged - from 10-15 years.
In the spring, the ate appears for men spikelets and women's shchers. Male spikelets (microatruts) of greenish yellow color, are located at the ends last year's shoots. They consist of spirally located on the rod numerous scales. Each scaly has two anthers with pollen grains. Each pollen grain has two air bags, which increases its aircraft property. This coniferous pine tree is pollinated.
Women's shores (megastrobors) are spindle-like or ovoid, have a central axis on which scales are located on the edge - wavy, in the sinuses of which other scales containing two seeds are located. Cones until ripening - reprehension, purple, after ripening - stubble, light brown, shiny, the length of which is 10-16 cm, diameter - 3-4 cm. Seeds are oblong, winged, ripen in the year "Flowering ate" in October November, after which they are completely falling out (scales are not scattered). The germination of seeds is good and persisted within 8-10 years.
Spruce Ordinary or European in nature - seeds and vegetatively (goddes). In the culture mainly -, rarely - vegetatively (cuttings and vaccine of the top escape).
The soil for the cultivation of these coniferous species of trees is needed well drained, fresh, sublinous, clay or soup. This frost-resistant plant transfers 40-55 degrees Celsius, suffers from both spring and autumn frosts, air dryness, gaspace.
Eugene ewer, ordinary - an important forest-forming breed. On the territory of Russia, the area of \u200b\u200bspruce forests exceeds 80 million hectares, the stock of the wood is about 12 billion m3. Elastic, soft wood is used in construction, in furniture manufacturing, for the manufacture of paper, musical instruments (Altov, violins, double bass).
The ate is mined rosin, tar, turpentine, from seeds of cones - oil for the preparation of olifa, from the bark - tannils. Seeds of cones are beloved protein delicacy. Buckwill kidney spruce, fresh kidney syrup, ointment from the gils are used in folk medicine. As a beautiful decorative plant, it is planted in gardens and parks, as well as in forestry plantings.
The family of pine forests is common in the northeastern regions of Russia, in Western and Eastern Siberia, in North America. This is an evergreen, a coniferous tree, whose height is 40 m and the diameter of the trunk - 1.5-2 m. Young pine trees have a crown of the sharp-pyramidal, in adults - conceived multiple, wide-friendly; It has a mutual branch. Top branches are raised up, candelabory.
On the young branches and trunks of the bark of ashot-silver color, with transverse chivichki brownish color. In adulthood becomes a fractured, gray brown. The needles are long (5-12 cm), soft, in the beams of 5 cups, in cross section - triangular, dark green with a naiz of bloom. The tree is preserved within3-7 years.
Early spring on the branches of Cedar Pine Siberian appear men's spikeins and women's cones. In the middle of the crown there are men's spikelets (antheric). At the ends of the upper shoots - women's cones, 2-3 at the vertex bud. Fruit only the upper part of the crown, the length of which is 1-1.5 m (rarely - 2 m).
The egg-shaped bumps, the length of which is 6-13 cm, width - 5-8 cm, light brown color. Chesows cones are tightly pressed with thickened shields. The cones contain from 80 to 140 brown seeds, the length of which is 10-14 mm, width - 6-10 mm. The seeds are mostly stupid, however, rarely meet with a fallen wing.
Siberian cedar pine has a rod-type root system, with lateral, wide open roots; "Flowers" in June. In closed stands, "blooming" begins with 40-50 and summer age, in discharged - from 13-15-year old. For the second year after flowering, seeds ripen in August, and in September there is a massive drop of cones.
In the yammer year, one such large tree of the pine family can be obtained up to 10-15 thousand cones. Proper in nature - samen, in culture - seeds, seedlings, seedlings, vaccinations. Cedar Pine Siberian, being a plant sharply continental climate - frost-building. Slightly in adulthood, growing can grow on different soils, but loves well drained, light, loamy, deep loamy, podzolic soils. Cannot carry air pollution smoke and transplant in adulthood.
Siberian cedar pine is the most important forest-forming and walnut breed. The total area of \u200b\u200bforests, which it utters in Russia is 40 million hectares, the stock of the wood is 8 billion m3. The industrial collection of cedar nuts is mainly happening in the Urals, in Western and Eastern Siberia.
Pine nuts are a valuable food product - a source of injection of cedar oil. The gils are obtained from growth trees when they are litter. From the needles - vitamin concentrates, coniferous pastes, coniferous flour. Mild, light, pinkish-yellow wood, make pencils, furniture, musical instruments.
Siberian cedar pine is a very decorative plant, thanks to a thick, golden, bluish, dark green color. Therefore, it is planted in group or single landings in gardens and parks in many countries of the world.
The genus of cypressions includes several dozen species of evergreen gumped trees and shrubs. These are thermal-loving plants common in the tropics and subtropics of the Northern Hemisphere: Central America, USA, North Africa, China, Himalayas, Mediterranean. In Russia, cypressions are growing on the Black Sea coast: in the Caucasus and in the Crimea. These conifers belong to the ancient relic rocks that existed on the planet from the time of the tertiary period.
IN natural environment Kiparis can reach a height of 35-40 m, various garden and hybrid varieties are from 2 to 10 m. The dwarf, growing in room conditions. These trees are considered to be straightforward and slender, but among them there are often patriarchs that are gaining 5-6 m and more. The life of many of them is 400-500 years. The leaves of the trees are narrow and small, bright or dark green, needle-shaped in young age, in adult copies, it becomes scaly and grows, in the tiled order tightly adjacent to the branches. The leaves contain a large number of phytoncides and essential oilreleasing harmful insects.
One-bedroom cypresses - men and women's cones are growing on the tree. Small size, form they have egg-shaped or almost spherical, flakes are very dense, wore. Seeds are slightly flattened and equipped with light sleeves. Cypress bark reddish brown or olive-gray, has a property with age with thin plates. Numerous shoots form a thick, more often spread the crown, but can both grow in different directions, giving trees a type of columns, pyramids or giant kegiles.
In the ancient Egyptians, Greeks and Romans, cypress was considered a symbol of sadness. He was planted on cemeteries, and the branches brought into the dwelling of the deceased or decorated with their graves and tombs. In Christians and Muslims, on the contrary, this tree symbolizes life and immortality.
Cypressians have outstanding decorative qualities and in the southern regions are an integral part of most landscapes: planting in parks, gardens, alleys. These trees purify the air from harmful impurities and salts of heavy metals and simply glad. Botany did not come to a single opinion as to those include some types of cypressive to one or different families. The reason is the isolated and difference of properties. A total of about 15-25 species of plants, combined into one tree of trees. Some of them are most popular.
Other names - Cypress ordinary or Italian. Commodified in the south of Europe: in France, Spain, Italy, Greece, in West Asia. In the wild, it grows up to 30 m, has an empty-colored crown of the wrong shape, leaf-shaped, sizo-green or bluish-green shade. The bark in young trees light-brown, in adulthood becomes gray. Selective varieties are much lower, may have a pyramidal or colonum-shaped crown due to a peculiar direction of the growth of the branches. Kiparis Evergreen is able to grow up to 1000 years, and he reaches full maturity only by 100 years. This tree is distinguished by relative frost resistance - withstands cold to -20 ° C, it is capable of growing on poor stony soils at an altitude of 1300-2000 m above sea level.
The birthplace of this species is North America: the southwest of the United States and Mexico. It is also popular in the Crimean Peninsula and in Transcarpathia. Cypress Arizonsky lives up to 500 years, grows up to 20 m. It to -25 ° C, wind and summer arid weather, grows well. Tree branches are spread horizontally, form a wide krona of a keglet shape. Leaves dark green. The magnitude of the cones - about 3 cm. The bark of these trees with age from light gray becomes a brown shade and begins to flap from the trunks with narrow stripes. Characteristic feature - Heavy wood, in contrast to other species.
Mexican, or Louisian, is growing in Central America, Mexico and the south of the United States. Among the cypresses, it is considered to be gocious, as it reaches a height of 40 m. The trunks are covered with dense reddish bark. The branches are separated from almost the base of the trunk, spread horizontally and form a wide-grade dark green crown resembling a tent. At old trees, the shoots penetrate, the lower left almost to the ground level. A small bumps are about 1.5-2 cm. Despite the external mighty form, this cypress is afraid of frosts. The needles and young shoots are used as raw materials to obtain aromatic substances.
Motherland Tree are India and Himalayas. One of the most graceful species is pulled out into a height of up to 45 m, the diameter of the trunk is saved about 70-80 cm. Krone is narrowopyramidal, the leaves have a silly-green or gray color. Is different high speed Growth, well tolerate drought and severe heat, but unstable to the cold.
Growing in the southern states of the United States. Differs in high growth rates, heat-seeking. The trunks of adult cypresses in the wild are drawn up to 20-25 m, the shoots of multi-timbers, are horizontally located. The shape of the crown in young trees pyramidal, in mature - spread and tolnovoid. A characteristic feature is a yellowish-green or golden shade of leaves, emitting a light fragrance of lemon. His name is a large-scale cypress big size cones - about 4 cm in diameter.
Wood cypress belongs to sampling rocks, wide-layered, equal deployment, is slightly soft, it reminds of technical properties. The array has a light brown color with a neuro-pronounced natural pattern, it is well cut, cutting and grinding. Cypress is not amenable to the mold, not cracking and does not work out of time. Good natural wipe protects fibers from moisture effects.
In the broad industry, this sawn timber is not used due to the high cost and long ripening of wood. From cypress manufactures expensive high-quality furniture, used in shipbuilding, artistic design. Church accessories are cut out of the array, including rosary, wooden crucifixes, icons are written on cypress boards.
For a moderate climatic belt, cypressive remains exotic plants and are usually grown in greenhouses or at the cottage territories. For planting in gardens and on panstones Special compact varieties are displayed on the basis of the most unpretentious and unfavorable and unfavorable weather conditions species. Arizona, for example, was taken to create decorative varieties: compact, Pyramidalis, Ashersonian. These are cypresses of shrub forms, with a beautiful bluish touch of needles and crowns well carrying a haircut.
Based on the evergreen species, dwarf varieties are derived: torsuel, Montros, as well as the colon-shaped variety of Indica and Pyramidal Strickt.
If you wish to grow a spectacular tree easily. Important conditions for cypresses are:
Plants are multiplied by seeds and stalling. For gardening the garden optimally acquire seedlings in the nursery, but you can try to germinate them yourself in containers or flower pots.
The soil must include the turf, sheet soil, river sand and peat in equal parts. Before boarding the bottom of the container, any suitable drainage is placed, then flooded the ground and the seeds are placed on a depth of 2 cm. Boxes need to put on the sunny side, and the soil must be moisturized regularly. After a few months, the seeds will be allowed sprouts. Dwarf shrubs can be used as an element of a home decor: in the room in pots, cypresses look unusually and elegantly, clean and heated air.
The planting of rooted cuttings or grown sprouts produce in the spring at a temperature of 13-15 ° C. Place in the garden It is necessary to choose half-directed: the straight sun rays are harmful to young cypresses, but absolutely without light it is impossible to leave them. The optimal option is at some distance from the walls, fences or high trees. Placing the plant into open ground, it is important to ensure that not damaging fragile roots. The pits for them should be spacious. When landing several trees between the Turks observe the distance of about 1 m. It is desirable to strengthen the seedlings with sticks.
In the first months, young cypresses should be abundantly watered: a week is required a seedling. In arid weather produce spraying. You need to feed the treet 2 times a month with complex fertilizers. With the onset of cold weather, the seedlings will need additional protection: roots of cheese or sawdust, in a strong frost they are covered by the whole cypresses.
After 3-4 years, the care intensity reduces: enough 2 feeding in the season, watering trees is required with a strong drought.
Since in the first years after planning, the cypressions are quite rapidly growing, after 1-2 seasons you can begin to trim their crown, giving the desired shape. Frozen and dried branches are removed in March, with the onset of heat cut in full. During the growing season, it is possible to cut up to 30% of the entire greenery without prejudice to the tree.
