Project name: "The development of a plant from a seed"
Objective of the project: to trace how new plants grow from seeds, to find out empirically what conditions are necessary for seed germination.
Project objectives:
Activities:
Object of study: seeds of cucumbers, tomatoes, beans, wheat.
Subject of study: plant growth conditions
Practical project output: creation of a collective project
Relevance
The world of plants is amazing and diverse. Every attentive observer and thoughtful researcher can discover something new in him.
In the Biology lessons, we got acquainted with the development of plants from seed. This served as the basis for the creation of our project. In our class, several students expressed a desire to grow their own plant and observe its development, while the rest watched the control process of germinating seeds and growing a plant in the classroom.
Research is divided into two parts: theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part, we studied the issues of seed germination and processed the necessary information. In the practical part, we used experimental research methods, based on the results of which we made the appropriate conclusions.
Hypothesis
Among the wide variety of plants, all seeds need the same germination conditions. Therefore, we assumed that the seeds of beans, cucumber, tomato, wheat, beans can be germinated at home. For the purity of the experiment, we used various material for planting: sawdust, soil, peat tablets and a hydrogel.
Before the start of the study, a hypothesis: if one of the conditions is excluded, the seeds will not germinate.
Project implementation plan
Expected results
It is assumed that as a result of the work, a project will be created.
Grade 5 students will show interest and take an active part in the search for materials about plants in order to further design the project, expand their horizons, and gain experience in the field of plant growing.
The implementation of the project will allow solving the problems of fostering an active life position in children, forming a sense of responsibility.
Planted by your hand, a fragile sprout suddenly hatched.
Some have a feeling of miracle and involvement with Nature. Others turn on "God Mode". But in a confined space, and even in winter, both of them often pour out into uncontrolled botanical ecstasy, and the seeds of all the exotic fruits that were found in the area are sent to the ground in generous handfuls.
"If you plant this seed, you will grow a whole peach tree, all hung with juicy peaches." Photo from the site choklingtersar.ru
This is understandable: growing from a seed, or even much more interesting than buying a ready-made plant or getting it from a cuttings. Let's try to find out which fruit seeds can be planted and what such experiments can lead to at home.
The most popular "supplier" of material for citrus experiments has been and remains lemon. O personal experience growing lemons from seeds you can learn from this.
A general rules home citrus garden care is outlined in the article.
And here's a funny time-lapse of how this happens:
I also had two plants at first quietly coexisted in one pot. But then the leaves began to turn yellow, so the seedlings had to be urgently planted. At first, it will take more than once or twice, tk. persimmons have a powerful root system that develops quickly and requires free space... And moisture. Persimmons need regular and. Therefore, we carefully monitor the soil, avoiding overdrying or overflow.
Experienced persimmon growers advise feeding the plant twice a month (and alternately). As soon as the "tree" grows up to 20-30 cm, you can begin to shape it with a pinch. In summer, it is better to take persimmons out into the street or on the balcony, gradually accustoming them to the sun. But she needs to provide a cool winter (+5 ... + 10 ° C): for example, in. If a tree lives at home from November to March, sooner or later it will die.
Indoors, persimmon grows only up to one and a half meters. If a tree is grafted (with a handle in winter or with a bud at the end of summer), then it can bear fruit in 3-4 years. Otherwise, the harvest will have to wait as long (and it is not a fact that it will be).
Read more about the types and varieties of persimmons, as well as how to care for it and where you can get hold of material for planting and grafting, read.
It turns out, how! Dates when drying not heat treated... This means that their seeds do not lose their germination. And you can try to grow from them. Only the bones are best pre-soaked. Although this is not necessary if the product is fresh, i.e. came from his homeland to our counters quite recently. But, just in case, I was reinsured and soaked the date pits for about a week, changing the water every day. True, she did not scarify and did not suit other dances with a tambourine. I stuck them vertically into a mixture of peat and sand and moistened them in a day or two as needed. After about a month, my future palms have sprung up:
And here's how they grew up in another month:
It's too early to think about the harvest) Although no one will forbid us to dream, at best, such a miracle in feathers will grow from a date "feather":
Date palm... Photo from the site dachnicam.ru
This is provided that she has enough light and space, and I have enough patience. And, alas, I have not yet come across evidence that she is able to bear fruit in indoor conditions.
Date palm care consists in regular watering (without overdrying the earthen coma, and in winter watering is minimized) and, airing, providing sufficient light and conditions for a cool winter. In addition, in the first "five-year" period, the plant needs to be transferred annually to a larger pot. But how great it must be to sit down in the evening!
The middle of the already opened bone is planted immediately. The undisclosed one is carefully revealed (if it is ready for it) - as in this video:
If it is not possible to move the flaps apart without effort, the bone is preliminarily kept for a couple of weeks directly in water (the water is changed every other day) or wrapped in damp cotton wool / towel. At the same time, it is extremely important keep it dry... After the emergence of shoots, they will have to be regularly sprayed: mango is sensitive to air humidity, as well as to light and heat. Absolutely cannot stand the cold, and even at + 18 ° C begins to feel uncomfortable. Well, if everything suits him, he will soon grow up with you.
Having decided to grow mango from a stone, be prepared for the fact that you will have to wait 5 or even 10 years at best for flowering. However, this does not mean that the case will end with fruits: the flowers of this exotic guest are very difficult even in natural conditions what can we say about the windowsill in foreign latitudes.
Sometimes difficulties arise with fruiting, but some gardeners manage to get fig fruits from three to four-year-old seedlings.
The fruits of this evergreen beauty from South America edible whole, including crunchy seeds. However, if you plant them, there is a chance that you will have a vine, and someday you will admire its luxurious flowering without leaving your home.
Just do not forget to provide her with bright light and fresh air, warmth, space, high humidity and "enhanced" nutrition.
Abdrafikova Irina
Project Manager:
Galimova Maria Sergeevna
Institution:
MBOU SOSH № 38 Ozersk
In the training research work in biology on the topic "Bone tree" the author set a goal, to reveal what conditions are necessary for the growth and good development of exotic plants in a room setting, to learn new and interesting things from the life of plants.
In a finished research biology project "Bone tree" the author considered the principles of cultivation and the rules for caring for dates, pomegranates and tangerines at home, an experiment was carried out to germinate the seeds of the fruits of these plants, sow them and observe their growth. During the experiments, the author identified the factors necessary to grow and maintain an exotic plant for our area at home.
Introduction
1. Plants from seed.
2. Composition of the soil. Landing conditions. Planting plants.
conclusions
Conclusion
Literature
Application
Growing and observing plants is a very fun and educational process. The development of a plant from the germination of a seed to the appearance of the first flowers or fruits is the magic of nature. Science confirms that plants grown from seeds have several benefits. These plants tighter, healthier, more abundant bloom. Not to mention the pleasure of the process when a beautiful flower or tree grows from a small seed. It takes a lot of time and patience before a full-grown plant grows.
Due to the increasing popularity, it is exotic plants, I decided to conduct a series of experiments related to identifying the conditions necessary for their development. By exotic plants, I mean plants that are unusual for our area.
Objects my research - exotic plants: date, tangerine and pomegranate.
Subject of study : conditions for growing a tree from a stone at home.
I chose this project theme because I wanted to find out what needs to be done to make this miracle of nature come true - the transformation of a small seed into an adult plant.
A plant begins its life from a seed. A tiny seed falls into the ground, it begins to grow, a root and sprout appear, then leaves, flowers and fruits.
Goals:
Tasks:
The relevance of research associated with the popularity of cultivation of decorative exotic trees in indoor conditions at the present time.
Hypothesis. If we manage to grow and preserve dates, pomegranates and tangerines (exotic plants) from the seed, then we can say that it is adapted to domestic conditions, despite the difference in climatic conditions in which it grows in nature.
Practical significance: research expands the understanding of the cultivation of exotic trees. The recommendations proposed in the work allow you to competently approach the germination of seeds and grow healthy, strong plants in the future. Gaining additional knowledge about the world around you.
Research methods: experiment, observation, description.
Date fruit (lat. Phoenix) - genus plants of the Palm family. Representatives of the genus are trees or squat shrubs with pinnately-separated leaves. Most species are single-trunk trees, but there are multiple-trunk species. The leaves are long, with strong sharp spines at the base.
The flowers are small, yellow in color, collected in paniculate inflorescences.
Finger dates Phoenix dactylifera is a very tall palm tree, the trunk reaches a height of 15-30 m, the trunk becomes bare over the years, the leaves are curved, green. The fruits are edible.
On the market, as dried fruits, you can buy the fruits of the Finger Date.
Care: temperature: moderate, winter temperature for Canary and finger dates is 8-16 ° C.
Lighting: very bright place, direct sun is useful. For uniform development of the crown, the date is periodically turned in different directions towards the light, while the top of the last young leaf should be directed into the interior of the room, and not towards the window. In summer, if possible, the date palm is taken out into the garden, a place is chosen protected from the wind.
Distributed in the Canary Islands, in the oases of the Sahara, Arabia and Western Asia.
Common pomegranate Punica granatum is a deciduous tree with erect, highly branching shoots covered with grayish-brown bark. Leaves sessile or on short petioles, lanceolate, blunt from the end, up to 7 cm long. Flowers are solitary, formed at the ends of the shoots. Pomegranate is a long-term tree of a subtropical climate, however, by the age of 50-60, the yield decreases, and the old plantings are replaced with young ones.
Flowers are bell-shaped, double and single, orange-red, up to 4 cm in diameter.
Leaves are oval, light green, 3 cm long. They form spherical pomegranate fruits with a leathery pericarp and numerous juicy seeds. Lives up to 50 years, reaching a height of 5-6 m. The fruit is the size of an orange, its peel is from orange-yellow to brown-red. The natural range of the pomegranate covers Western Asia, which includes the territories of Turkey, Azerbaijan, Abkhazia, South Armenia, Georgia, Iran, the southern part of Western Turkmenistan and Afghanistan. In Central Asia, wild pomegranate is found in Uzbekistan and Tajikistan.
Mandarin(lat. Citrus reticulata) - evergreen, a species of the genus Citrus ( Citrus).Word " mandarin»Borrowed into Russian from Spanish (probably through French). Spanish name " mandarino"derived from" se mondar " (« easy to clean") And contains an indication of the property of the peel of the fruit to be easily separated from the pulp.
Young shoots are dark green. Leaves are relatively small, ovate or elliptical, petioles are almost without wings or slightly winged Flowers are single or placed in pairs in the axils of leaves, Petals are dull white, stamens for the most part with underdeveloped anthers and pollen.
Originally from southern China and Cochin-Chin; in the wild, unknown. Introduced to Europe only at the beginning 19th century.
In India, Indochina, China, South Korea and Japan - the most common citrus crop. It is also widely cultivated throughout the Mediterranean - in Spain, Morocco, Algeria, Egypt, Turkey; grown in Abkhazia, Azerbaijan and Georgia, as well as in Brazil and Argentina.
Nutrient soil "Palma" (completely ready-made, neutral). Contains vermicompost ( organic fertilizer). Firm "Garden of Miracles". Especially effective for growing large specimens ornamental plants: palms (date, hamerops) and others.
Nutrient soil "Lemon", ready-made neutral, highly supplied with nutrients. Firm "Garden of Miracles".
Remedy for soil pests "Mukhoed". It is used to combat soil flies and mushroom mosquitoes on indoor plants... Firm "August".
For planting, we purchased from the store fruits of dates, dried fruits, tangerines and pomegranates.
Date seed is very hard. To speed up the seed germination time, we used the following methods:
1. Soak- soaking, wetting, soaking seeds, immersing seeds in water or various aqueous solutions or wetting them with water and solutions before sowing. We chose ten seeds suitable for planting, cleaned, washed, soaked for a day in warm water.
2. Scarification(from lat. scarifico- I scratch) - partial violation of the integrity of the hard waterproof shell of seeds in order to facilitate their swelling and germination and increase the percentage of germination. Distinguish between mechanical, for example, rubbing seeds with sandpaper or grinding with sand, iron filings and other materials, and chemical scarification, for example, etching with sulfuric acid followed by washing with water. During scarification, the strength of the seed shell decreases, and they germinate more easily and faster.
When the bones were swollen, we carefully scratched out ten of them with a needle for faster penetration of water into the interior. Two bones were left intact for comparison.
Pomegranate and tangerine seeds were removed from the pulp and washed.
All the seeds were put in wet cheesecloth, placed in a foam pad, as it insulates the heat so that moisture does not evaporate, covered with a plastic wrap, the date was prescribed. Seeds need warmth to germinate, so we placed them on a windowsill.
Result: table
As a result, it turned out that those seeds that had undergone scarification sprouted faster.
We chose containers for seedlings of different sizes. Date fruit we planted it in a deep container with a diameter of 10 cm to avoid damage to the roots during further transplantation. Pomegranate and tangerine planted in shallow containers with a diameter of 6-7 cm. Drainage was placed at the bottom of the pots. Soil was poured for the date " Palm", For pomegranate and tangerine - soil" Lemon". The germinated seeds were carefully placed, soil was poured on top, in a layer of 1 to 1.5 cm. For comparison, non-germinated seeds were planted. We poured it with pre-prepared water at room temperature, glued leaves with dates and names of plants. All the pots were placed in plastic bags and placed on the windowsill.
Result: table
Eventually, it turned out that not all pomegranate and mandarin seeds germinate evenly. Some sprouted pomegranate seeds after planting rotted from excess moisture. Mandarin seeds planted with a non-germinated soak method sprout more slowly than germinated seeds. Dates not germinated sprout longer than other plants due to the hard shell of the seeds.
Result: table
After the first shoots appeared, the plastic bags were removed so that the plants adapt to room conditions... We watched the growth, watered, fertilized.
V summer period They were taken to a dacha (Argayash district), grown on an open terrace, away from direct sunlight.
V winter period some of the dates and pomegranates were left in the country house at a room temperature of 12 ° C. They rarely watered. The rest of the dates and tangerines were grown in an apartment at a temperature of 22-25 ° C. After seven months, we got a good result.
After analyzing our observations during the experiment, and having studied Additional materials on the topic of the project, I made the following conclusions:
Our studies have shown that even exotic trees can be grown indoors.
In particular: location.
year 2014
Project name: "The development of a plant from a seed"
Project Manager: Vyzhelevskaya Alla Petrovna
Objective of the project : Trace how new plants grow from seeds.
Project objectives:
Activities:
Object of study:tangerine, tomato
Subject of study:plant growth conditions
Practical project output:creation of a collective project
Terms of project implementation: December 23, 2013 - February 21, 2014
Relevance
The world of plants is amazing and diverse. Every attentive observer and thoughtful researcher can discover something new in him. In the lessons of "The World Around" we got acquainted with plant growing, with the development of plants from seed. This served as the basis for the creation of our project. In our class, several students expressed a desire to grow their own plant and observe its development.
Hypothesis
Among the wide variety of plants, there are those that are not so demanding on the length of daylight hours and can grow in artificial conditions. Therefore, we assumed that both mandarin and tomato seeds can be germinated at home.
Project implementation plan
Expected results
It is assumed that as a result of the work, a project will be created.
Grade 4 students will show interest and take an active part in the search for materials about plants in order to further design the project.
The implementation of the project will allow solving the problems of fostering an active life position in children, forming a sense of responsibility.
Implementation of the project
"The development of a plant from a seed"
The project, which was carried out from December 23, 2011 to February 21, 2012, can be described as a research project. 3 students of the 4th grade took part in the project.
Kovaleva Maria | Irina Kulichkova |
Konopelko Svetlana | Project Manager |
Stages of project implementation:
At the first stage the topic of the project was chosen, after discussing the situation, a hypothesis was revealed, the participants of the project were selected.
In the second stage was carried out independent work project participants according to their individual tasks. To search for the necessary information, the Internet resources and the library fund were used.
In the third stage the results of their observations are presented in the form of observation diaries. The project participants shared their observations with the class.
Diary of observations of Maria Kovaleva:
I took the platter, bandage and mandarin seed. I poured water into the dish and a drop on the bandage. She wrapped the seed in a bandage and put it in a saucer. 30.12.2013 |
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I bought land and put it in a pot. Then she poured water on the ground and made 1 cm depressions. Then she planted seeds there. 31.12.2014 |
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The next day after the last watering, the seed sprouted, but it is still very small, and the second, unfortunately, has broken. 7.01.2014 |
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The sprout has grown and it's time to water it again. 21.01.2014 |
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The sprout has grown now it is 8 cm high, and the leaf width is 4 cm !!! 10.02.2014 |
Irina Kulichkova's observation diary:
I took the tangerine seeds and put them in cheesecloth. Then I took a saucer and put cheesecloth with seeds there, filled it with water. |
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It took two days. I took the soil and poured it into the pot. Then she watered the soil and made 1 cm depressions in it, planted two seeds there. |
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Exactly three weeks and four days have passed. Two small sprouts have hatched in my pot. |
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Now my two sprouts are 5 cm tall and they have small leaves. The sprouts grow and turn green every day, and I am very happy about that. |
Observation diary Konopelko Svetlana:
I put 4 tomato seeds in a saucer, covered with wet gauze. 24.12.2014 |
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I kept the seeds in gauze for one day, and then planted them in the soil. In a small pot, I made 4 holes 1 cm each, placed the seeds in them and watered them. 25.12.2014 |
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A week later, after watering, a small sprout appeared. 2.01.2014 |
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After the sprouts sprouted, I put them on the windowsill, closer to the light. I carefully monitored soil moisture and lighting. They grew 5 cm long. 01/20/2014 |
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Their length increases every day. These plants can later be planted in the ground at my dacha, and then they can be harvested. 20.02.2014 |
On final stagethe main attention was paid to the collective analysis of the carried out cases and the creation of the project.
Project results
Our research has shown that plants such as tangerines or tomatoes are less demanding on the length of daylight hours and can grow in artificial conditions.
Sources of
Literature:
My grandmother loves to grow indoor plants because they decorate the apartment, cheer up. I help my grandmother plant them, take care of them. Recently we have become interested in rare plants... Once, from a television program, I learned that an exotic plant can be grown from a seed in our region. I wanted to try it myself. I consulted with my grandmother and my teacher, they agreed to help me with this experiment. So experiment and observation that is part of any experiment will be the main methods in the course of research work.
Hypothesis my work: suppose that at home you can grow not only lemon, date, but also mango from seeds.
We decided to buy dates, mango and lemon. When the fruit was eaten with pleasure, fresh seeds and seeds remained in the palm of your hand, just extracted from the ripe pulp, which means they are quite viable and ready for growth. For some reason, it is believed that beautiful plants will grow from them, which will take root in the house for many years, and I want to give them this chance.
Target: grow plants from mango, lemon and date seeds.
Tasks:
1. Learn to take care of plants on your own.
2. Learn as much as possible about the planted plants, study reference literature about them.
3. To develop hard work, endurance.
4. Form the ability to observe, compare, analyze.
5. To foster a responsible attitude and interest in indoor plants as objects of the surrounding world.
The human need for plants is high. In addition to decorative effect, the leaves of these plants attract toxins, gases, dust. They can be grown at least due to the fact that they have a phytoncidal effect.
Planting
Landing conditions. Soil composition.
Expanded clay drainage. Product of JSC "MNPL" FART ". Firm "Garden of Miracles". Prevents soil acidification. Optimizes moisture and air exchange. Eliminates the appearance of mold and mosses on the surface of the soil. Helps plants withstand periods of forced drought. Additive to flower peat soils. The volume of soil in the package is 2 liters. City Saint Petersburg, st. Lensovet №58.
Nutrient soil "Palma" (completely ready-made, neutral). Contains vermicompost. Products of CJSC "MNPL" FART ". Firm "Garden of Miracles".
It is especially effective for growing large specimens of ornamental plants: palms (date, hamerops and others), ficuses, dracaena. Production city St. Petersburg, st. Lensovet №58.
Fertilizer based on vermicompost "Ideal", universal. Origin: liquid fraction of the natural waste product of earthworms. Recommended: for feeding all types of vegetable, fruit, berry, green, flower crops and seedlings, as well as for soaking seeds and rooting cuttings. Production of the city of Moscow.
Remedy for soil pests "Mukhoed". It is used to combat soil flies and mushroom mosquitoes on indoor plants. Firm "August". Troitsk city, Moscow region.
Output: The study of recommendations for planting plants and instructions for use, as well as an analysis of the composition of ready-made universal products intended for the cultivation of all types of flower crops, is preparatory work before conducting an experiment on growing fruit plants.
