One of the most important events during any construction is reliable roof sealing. Much depends, of course, from the quality of roofing and the method of its laying.
But one is not enough - all at least some vulnerable zones should be carefully isolated from moisture.
For this, there are special hermetic formulations for the roof. The competent selection of the necessary tool will ensure the proper processing of any kind of roof.
After its use, the roof will not pass moisture, it will be stronger and maintainable.
Exist different types Sealing means. They are used in the process of repair and planned work, as well as during construction.
It can be completely different building and finishing activities:
All existing sealants are conditionally divided into six main types. Consider each of them in more detail.
What are the main advantages of a belt sealant? After all, this product is one of the most efficient and inexpensive to protect the roof.
His advantages are as follows:
This ribbon material is conveniently used in case of emergency repair of a bitumen roof (in the form of neat patches), to seal vapor barrier films, for repair drainage systems and metal roofs, To seal the adjoints.
Such a tape is quite simple and easy to use. Therefore, they can easily use people who do not have any construction experience. As well as ordinary tape, this tape is fixed to the place of joints and seams.
Proposals this material a lot of:
This type of sealant is most often used for work with metal roof (metal tile, professional flooring, etc.), rubberoid and tiles.
The flaws are notable resistance to high temperatures And quite high toxicity.
Silicone mixes are packaged in standard pistols or buckets. From large tanks, they can be applied with a construction roller or a special advanced pulverizer.
This type is one of the most accessible and distributed in the market.
All silicone means can be divided into neutral and acetate (acetic). The first less toxic, do not possess the smell, but in terms of the level of strength are inferior.
The advantages of the composition:
Acrylic mixtures resemble high-quality silicone, but their prices are more democratic. The surface to apply them should be perfectly dry.
Pluses acrylic:
Classic acrylic sealants do not differ with the best waterproofing properties, as they are the basis of water-soluble dispersion.
If you decide to use this tool, it is recommended to strengthen the protection of the tape to seal the joints and seams.
For the manufacture of polyurethane, the sealant is used by the resin, which in special conditions undergoes the polymerization process.
The resulting mixture, dying and light, is easy to apply to the surface of any type.
But all these minus are compensated by its wonderful working qualities.
This type of sealant has the following characteristics.:
It is perfectly combined with a roofing material of any type, providing reliable and durable insulation, which can be considered perfect.
The basis of the two-component mixture is usually served by silicone rubber. It is a special hardener and adhesive paste.
Separately the composition can be stored for a very long time (in accordance with the specified period). But after mixing, a chemical reaction begins to go, because the mixture must be used for a certain specified time.
How can such formulations boast?
In addition to all the above compositions, so-called mastic can also be used to seal the roofing coating.
These are various viscous plastic pastes, for which binders are combined with various fine-dispersed fillers (soot, graphite, talc, etc.) and special additives.
Depending on the components included in the components (rubber, resins, plasticizers), the mastic of a particular quality is obtained, which has the required characteristics. For waterproofing, bituminous mastic is predominantly used, and as its more expensive analogue is polymer.
In the latter, higher adhesive properties and, moreover, it is more elastic. It is more preferable for mounting a soft roof (rolled materials). Before applying any mastic, the working surface should be well cleaned from dirt and dust.
How to find out what specifically the sealant is suitable for each individual case?
Different types of sealants are noticeably different with their working qualities. Some types can be perfect to a certain type of coating, and be practically unfastened for another one.
Consider the most popular of them suitable for different types Roof.
For roofing coatings of this type, funds with the following qualities are required:
This characteristics are most likely correspond to bitumen-rubber sealants and polyurethane, which during the entire operational period are capable of maintaining high plasticity. Before starting work on the processing of the metal coating of the substance, the substance should be well degreased and sucked. In the event that the roof needs urgent insulation, the composition is best suited, which is allowed to apply on the crude surface.
It is important to know that the use of silicone insulation on the iron roof can be the immediate cause of rust.
In terms of its qualities, professional flooring is very similar to metal tile. Therefore, their seal is carried out in a similar way. The most allowable roofing slope should be 14 degrees. Cross joints of profile canvases need to be paid special attention. For such a roof, the sealants on silicone and polyurethane are suitable in its performance.
To carry out competent sealing of a roof made of corrugated flooring, it is important to do the following.
When selecting sealant for the roof of the metal tile, with all its similarity with the professional floor, it is important to consider the following:
Flexible roof, or, in other words, soft tileAlways considered very popular and popular coating. For its large-scale sealing, one of the types of mastic is usually used.
In other cases, many additional factors are taken into account, for example:
Choosing the roofing sealant you need, read all the inscriptions on the package.
There is the possibility of rejection in a humid environment, the slope rate, compatibility with other materials, the possibility of subsequent staining, resistance to atmospheric precipitation.
All this is important for you, so pay attention to it. Competent choice will help choose the desired composition for isolation, and the exact compliance with the technologies ensures the reliability of the protection. To perform most of the work independently, it usually has sufficient theoretical knowledge and small practical experience.
If you still have doubts, refer to the specialists. They will be able not only to give advice, which product is suitable in a particular case, but, if necessary, it will affect reliable and high-quality waterproofing.
Tape publications
There are several technologies for which the roof of the garage roof is repaired. The choice of a specific methodology for recovery work depends on the level of wear of the roof, its type and directly from the type of auto-volume.
Restoration of the roof coating at home for cars is currently produced by three main technologies: soft materials, hot bitumen, tiled or professional sheets. Private garages are mostly covered by inexpensive costs and at the same time durable materials - modern ondulin and flexible tile, professional flooring. You can easily pick up optimal method "Treatment" of the roof of the autodoma, focusing on the type of its coverage.
Regardless of the technology selected, you will need to qualitatively prepare roof to perform repair activities. Survey the roof, set the level of its operational wear, determine the roofing elements that need to be replaced with mandatory. In cases where the old coating is generally quite suitable, remove only problem areas by pulling them with an ax. Subsequently, they can be replaced with new elements, significantly reduced the cost. repair work.
Preparing roofing to perform repair activities
If the coating was performed by a rubberoid or a material similar to it (a soft roof is equipped), swollen and cracks often appear on it. With such problemary places, it is necessary to deal before the start of repair activities. It is easy to do this: cut the defective sections of the cross with a knife with a well-sharpened knife; The resulting triangles move and clean the garbage and dust.
When repairing, such sections with corrected flaws you will need to be filled with bitumen. Below we will tell you how to make such an operation correctly. Clean the surface of the roof thoroughly, if necessary, wash it with water. Now you can start recovery activities.
Bitumen is a popular material that provides high quality repairs conducted by independently. Repair the roof of the garage with it will require you to stock from you in such an inventory: a staircase, an old bucket without holes, gloves, gasoline and firewood, rope, a metal hook, bricks.
Repair roof garage bitumen
Technology conducting work as follows:
Special attention to the pouring devoted to the places that you cut on preparatory Stage. Such areas must be filled completely. Then, during the rain, water will not penetrate through the roof in the garage. Bitumen may poured the entire soft roof or exclusively damaged zones.
Predated roof repair. Domestic home masters are performed using the rubberoid. It is treated with special mastic (bituminous) and placed on damaged areas of the coating. In general, the roof restoration technology with the referencer does look like this:
Ruberoid can be updated the entire area of \u200b\u200broofing. In this case, it will be necessary to pour the roof of the garage by the Gudron. After that, fill the rubberoid sheets on it (forged in the limits of 13-15 cm). Gudron recommended pouring parts. Then he will not have time to frozen, and you calmly repaired the whole roof in pieces.
Ruberoid for repairing roofing
Sometimes bubbles are formed on the surface of the runneroid when laying. Nothing wrong. With the help of a knife, cover them, and then press (as close as possible) cutting areas to the roof and apply another layer of the humid on them.
If you want the roof of the garage to be absolutely protected from precipitation, it is recommended to lay two layers of rubberoid. Then you will definitely get a very reliable coating that does not miss any water drop in autoomics. It is even easier to repair the garage roof by the biker. To carry out such recovery, it is not necessary to acquire tar and mastic. Bike stack is carried out using gas burner. The scheme is as follows:
Note! All subsequent strips of material should be laid with a 7-9 centimeter adhesive.The cost of repairing the biker is significantly more expensive (3-4 times), rather than the restoration of the roof by a bitumen or rubberoid. But with it, you restore roofing Literally in a couple of hours. Labor costs when using the bike minimal!
If your auto plant is protected from above metal tile or professional flooring, their repair is also quite simple. It is not at all difficult to replace a separate tile element or mount a new professionalist. True, when the need arises to completely replace the roofing coating, the cost of such work will be tangible due to the high prices of the coatings used.
Montage on the roof of new professional
Metal tile is mounted on the roof from the bottom up. Universal screws with a special rubber gasket are used for its installation. Gasket products can be made independently. It is even easier to purchase them in a construction store. On the lower and upper edges of the tiles are latches. With their help, you will perform the installation of products (the operation is performed by the brand). It makes no sense to describe the procedure - everything is truly simple.
More Morobi you have to replace the roof from the professional flooring. We will have to stock, disk saw, tightening device. Work on the following scheme:
Council Pro! The middle of the professional knots is best fixed in a chess order, and their lower and upper parts are through a wave.
Occasionally occur due to the fault of the rafted rafters, that is, errors when calculating and erection carrier design. Much more often - due to poor-quality roofing components and improper installation of the coating. At the same time, each material has its own pros and cons, their strengths and weaknesses, and, of course, their ways to restore. We will analyze all the subtleties of repair.
Usually, the leaks in this coating occur due to cracking of the sealing washers of fastening screws. From here, the main rule: fasteners should be purchased only with durable washers from ethylene-propylene rubber (EPDM). Ideally, before buying, you should consult with the support of the manufacturer's metal tile on the reliability of the selected fastener.
Well, if the trouble has already happened, nothing can be done - you have to hire roofers for consistent replacement of all fasteners (perhaps - only on the southern scap). Attempts to identify the flow and carry out local events in this case are useless.
Another common cause of leaks is the loosening of sheets by the wind with incorrectly (unsystematic or too rarely) located the fastener. This defect to fix easier is to increase the number of self-tapping and tightening those that have already been installed.
Finally, the metal can flow due to through rust in places of damage to the protective paint and the zinc coating (during installation, falling branches, cleaning snow, etc.). The repair method in this case depends on the size of the defect. If it does not exceed a few millimeters, the rust is removed with a metal brush, and then the hole is shuffled with a polyurethane sealant.
If it exceeds, after processing, they put a fiberglass latch impregnated with epoxy resin (after drying the resin, this place is painted with enamel). In some cases (strong dents, samples), it is necessary to cut part of the sheet and put the steel patch - it is mounted so that the upper edge goes under the superior part (or the skate lining), and fasten with screws, aluminum ripples, or soldering. Similarly, repair from the roof leaks from the proflist is carried out.
And here the main problem is associated with fasteners. Long nails that are clogged in a wave sometimes bend, enter an indirect angle. As a result, the hole from the fastener increases, and the hat is loosely adjacent to the material. If the installers immediately do not eliminate such defects, in heavy rain, when melting snow, the finish will slightly flow. Fix is \u200b\u200beasy - it is much more difficult to detect a crooked joined nail.
From bituminous sheets, as well as metal, can flow due to disruptions at the joints. Moreover, the probability of such problems is much higher, since the material significantly changes the dimensions when heated and cooling. Over time, the joints diverge. In addition, the rough surface contributes to the occurrence of the capillary effect, due to which the moisture moves up the skate.
Additional nails will help compact the joints, bituminous sealant. Lessus is less susceptible to such projection of new lineacks with lock connections. Bitumen pastes are inexpensive, but melted in the sun and therefore in the summer are complex in work. Preferred rubber-based compositions. Local damage to ONDULIN is eliminated by mastic based on bitumen, the layer of which, if necessary, rein the glass fiberglass.
This material can occur due to incorrectly or crooked nails, not filtered on the glue layer, uneven doom (from low-grade boards without a device flooring from sheet materials). All this interferes with the conversion of the coating into a single waterproof layer, causes the formation of cracks. Moreover, defects are usually manifested immediately after installation. Therefore, the repair of the roof leakage of a glazed balcony, for example, may be needed in just a few years. Contribute to penetration of moisture under the roof can moss.
Alexander Pleshin, Technical Specialist of Technonikol
The number of advantages includes its maintainability. When low cracks are found in the shingle flexible tile It is necessary to make sealing. To do this, use bitumen mastic, which is missing from the bottom side the part with cracks, as well as all the joints with adjacent gamps. It is important to take into account that open areas with applied paste at the same time must be protected from ultraviolet - sprinkle with basalt crumbs with flexible tiles. With more serious damages it will be necessary to replace one or several tricks. It is just done: from the damaged and out of the overlying elements that are additionally damaged, nails are neatly removed with the help of the nail. Then this element is changing to a new with a bitumen mass with a cross (including joints with adjacent parts).
Repair the roof and eliminate small legends will help the universal self-adhesive tape-sealant Nicoband. It is a bitumen-polymeric sealing material with a thickness of 1.5 mm, topped with a color aluminum film that protects the tape from the effects of UV radiation, gives the framework and allows you to hardly fasten the sealing elements. The bottom of the tape is covered with an easily graded protective film.
Self-adhesive is suitable for repair work on flexible and natural tile, metal tile, slate, rolled materials, as well as on false. For laying, you will need a tool that will be found in every farm - this is a roulette, a marker, a knife and a roller for a cursory, or something replacing it, gloves, a small segment of the fabric.
You can not use the ribbon on wet surfaces. The basis should be dry and clean, otherwise it is impossible to guarantee reliable gluing.
We will analyze the nuances that will help in carrying out repair work.
The leakage in places of adjoins to the walls and, as well as in the Inend zone (fracture of the skate with education inner corner). The latter is particularly difficult to liquidate: usually the sealants and cloak of the joint outside the outside helps for a short time, sooner or later you have to dismantle the coating on a fairly large area.
Detect the place of leakage is not always easy. The most common way - immediately after the rain, carefully examine the shapper and the coverage of the attic and give the sign a signal to the partner running outside. The places of defects of the insulated roof without dismantling the coating is extremely difficult, as water flows through the intermediate layers and is localized on the ceiling much lower holes in the roof. In the case of a flat roof, an electric flaw detector will help.
With the flows, the formation of condensate on the bottom surface of the roof is sometimes conflicted. Prevent this phenomenon in case it is necessary at the construction stage, ensuring the ventilation gap and running over the root of the hydraulic protection film. In the house with a cold attic will help the enhanced ventilation of the attic space, as well as additional sealed sealing.
The greater the angle of the slope, the easier it is snowing with them. However, construction costs increase. In addition, it is more difficult to move in steep slops when maintaining and repairing. Therefore, you need to choose golden middle. Let's say, in the middle lane of Russia, the roof of houses with a cold attic is desirable to do with a slope of about 30 °, attic - approximately 45 °.
Designs of complex shape (multi-line, with lug-on and level drops) more labor-intensive care. They have to clean snow and foliage, more often carry out chemical treatment, preventing the growth of mold fungus and moss. The risk of leakage on them is much higher.
Repairs is usually carried out independently. This is done when it takes a small hole or spoiled connecting areas. If the problem lies in the mounting errors, you have to correct them. In this case, rarely cost without a complete or partial dismantling of the system. It is better to trust the specialists.
Often, before appearing on the surface, water makes a long and winding path, overcoming sometimes complex roof design.
Those who have a roof "simpler" - slate or metal with a traditional batch profile, detect a crack or hole easierthan the owners of multidisciplinary tile roofs, but in any case you will need attention and patience.
The most vulnerable places Roof adjoining to smoke trumpet, the grounds of television antennas, as well as joints with walls, windows.
The reason can also be Suddenly cracked tile or hole in slate, which appeared due to the fact that the fastening nail rusted or rose.
When explore the roof from the attic, pay attention On any stains on rafters and crate are evidence, eloquently testifying about the place of leakage.
Remember Summary or mark those places on the roof, which when the weather is corrected and can be started to repair, you can put your leg without risking fails.
After all, your own safety is no less important than the integrity of the roof.
Suffering from altitude or subject to dizziness better entrust work to professionals.
If damage is small (crack, minor displacement or sample), seal them easy. Whatever your roof is slate, metallic, ruberoid or tiled.
Use For this, waterproof glue, resin, which are sold in specialized stores, or putty on the olife, purchased or cooked independently.
Due to the large consumption of the material, increasingly large damage is typically close bituminous (price 41,50 rubles / kg) or cement Mastica (33 rubles / kg).
The last two material after drying is ground and strengthened on top of the paint.
For waterproofing and sealing of the joints of the roof Bituminous mastic is the most popular tool.
Alternative options are ready-made roof coverings containing bitumen, or more expensive, but also more reliable stripes of stainless steel - stainless steel, aluminum, etc.
On sale there are also self-adhesive bands with aluminum foil, the reverse side of which has adhesion (adhesive) properties (roller 12.5 m long, 8 cm wide - 2557.50 rubles.).
For a while you can close the joints and a simple smear.
at first Carefully clean the area of \u200b\u200bdamage from dirt, rust or lichen (it can be destroyed by pulling cool boiling water). Only when the place that needs to be seeding will dry, apply the selected material.
More extensive damage areas are eliminated with the help of patches from various self-adhesive materials sold in stores, and self-made - from metal, rubberoid, tarpaulin or any dense waterproof tissue.
When repaired metal surfaces Patchworks from the same metal and use masts containing bitumen.
So that no corrosion, new insulation or nails that use patches for fastening must be from the same metal as old.
Gently close the edges: for reliability and aesthetics from above, cover the board with waterproof coating. They are of a variety of colors - white, terracotta, green, gray, etc.
The "home-grown" piping of waterproof fabric is put on the smelting on the olife or paint, and after drying the latter is stained.
In any case, the patch should be 6-10 cm overlap from all sides the area of \u200b\u200bthe repaired place.
When you replace the tile failed, or a slate leaf, or a rusty metal strip, try to stick to two important principles.
First - Replacing material in size and quality should be an accurate copy of the previous one.
Second - Refaiting adjacent elements of the coating need as little as possible.
With deep groans of "puff" rubberoid roofs, damaged layers are usually cut crosswise and turn away the angles, after which they are purified, dried, ground, spit ( bituminous mastic With the addition of sand, sawdust, etc.) and stuck back.
Complete the work with one or more patches from the frontierdoor, each of which should be more than 10 cm. They are resolved and for strength sprinkled with sand or gravel, marble crumb.
Saving on materialsYou risk discovering that the "cheap" front roof is not so little. After all, under it you need a solid doome, and every year it is required to handle mastic.
And spending tiled, you have to get rid of trouble for many years. And she eventually be able to become a "road" not only in the financial sense.
In converging works, not only skill is required, but also good memory. After all what you do temporarily, then it is advisable to remake "forever"
Do not neglect technical innovations - stainless roofing nails, a device for removing nails. The first will get rid of problems in the future, the second will significantly make it easier to work
Sooner or later, no matter what materials were used to create a roof, it begins to collapse. Techs are formed, the materials are trembling, spars appearance And the owner of the structure has to urgently take measures to repair or completely replacing the roofing coating. Roof repair is easy to make it yourself, if you know the main stages of work and materials that are used for this.
Owners of private buildings rarely make the planned roof repair of the roof, only when this can no longer be avoided. And in vain, since small defects are easier to eliminate until they have increased to serious scales. After all, if at least once a year, inspection and planned repair of the roof of the private house, then the overhaul may not be needed soon. Such prevention does not require large cash investments, but will help to save the owner from unplanned spending and force majeures.
Serious mechanical damage
All types of repairs according to the degree of difficulty can be divided into four categories:
Inclined roofs are less likely to repair, than flat, thanks to its advantageous design.. (Repairs flat roofs Described in detail in the article of the same name). On the roofing with a row, melt or rainwater is not delayed, so it usually happens, because of the technological shortcomings when it is erected or due to the limitation period of the construction.
Inspection of coating Preventive inspection is very important, so even if the ceilings in the house are dry, it is necessary to regularly examine the rafter system of the house. Such inspections are traditionally held four times a year. In the spring, the roof is examined for winter damage, in the summer - for cleaning garbage, in the fall - to detect problems before long in the winterAnd in winter - if necessary to clean the snow. The inclined roof does not need a frequent inspection as flat, and can be checked twice a year.
According to the results of the inspection of the roof and her wooden carcass Compiled a repair plan with counting essential materials.
Wear roofing When examining the inclined roof, pay attention to:
In addition to planned surveys, measures should be carried out on cleaning the roof from the snow masses in winter time, as well as removal of contamination and prophylactic repairs with your own hands. When cleaning the inclined roof, caution should be taken in winter.
When cleaning snow, it should not be applied tools from a metal to avoid mechanical damage to the roof surface.
Dental or scratches can lead to further development of corrosion processes. For such events, it is safe to use wooden shovels, as well as plastic bulbs or scoops. For cleaning large surfaces, you can use plywood shields.
Cleaning the inclined roof of snow In the warm season, the roof is cleaned with their own hands from dirt and leaves, they are examined for the appearance of traces of animal claws.
While finding in winter on the roof is not too close to the edge. Installation and repair of the roof of an inclined type follows in compliance with the safety rules. It is recommended to use the safety belts and move only on special tracks.
Result of the Construction Integrity Disorder Dampness or minor moisture ingress can contribute to the occurrence of fungal or rotary lesions of the wooden frame of the rafter. This is a pretty serious problem, because such a roof may need large material costs for repairs and a serious amount of work. Such lesions are very quickly distributed and can completely capture the entire design, so when it is discovered rot, it takes a complete seizure of the affected wooden element with a replacement to the processed new one. After the end of the repair of the frame of the building, it is possible to repair the roof covering if necessary.
Damage to the slate roof is usually repaired in place. Asbestoscertic sheets that are not repaired, and those that are still sufficiently well are repaired using patches and glue. Repair of tiled or other piece materials occurs radically by replacing damaged elements to new.
Reconstruction of slate roofing Minor repairs Roofs of the private house includes, in addition to eliminating leaks, its coloring and cleaning. Some types of roofs, such as galvanized, have a sufficiently long operational period, so they need periodic cleaning and painting to avoid corrosion. Before the coloring surface underwound corrosion is cleaned by rust with a special composition. The frequency of the color of such a roof - once every 3-4 years.
Minor repairs tiled roof
Strengthen damaged elements On the rafters of the wooden frame lies all the severity of the roof, it is they who take themselves not only the severity roofing material, but also atmospheric precipitation (rainwater streams, snow masses), as well as wind gusts. If the preventive inspection revealed rafters damage, then you should not pull the time. The broken raftered may not withstand the load and collapse along with the whole roof.. Need to B. overhaul The rafter system occurs only in the case of the damage to the rot, half of its entire area. Most often replaced damaged elements.
Repair of the rafter system during damage to the rafter feet in stages:
Strengthening rafted lining With a large area of \u200b\u200bdamage, rod prostheses are used. Replacing the affected areas occurs as follows:
Strengthening rafted prosthesis Similarly, the replacement of the parts of Maurolalat, which have been subjected to the process of rotting.
Sometimes it happens that rafters are intact, but a damage is damaged, and no longer able to keep the severity of the roof. Because of this, the roof can fade and crack. In this case, the strengthening or complete replacement of the crate. In this case, the timber is placed between the rafters, and the boards are stuffed in the transverse direction.
Usually, they are resorted to the reconstruction of the roof with their own hands, with the need for a need to arrange an additional room suitable for living in an attic space.
This is quite a serious manipulation that requires full change of the entire rafter system. At the same time not only changes external decorative View and the roof material, but also all systems of hydro, heat and sound insulation.
First, the roofing coating is removed, then the entire rafter system is dismantled.
If it is planned to install a roof with an attic room, then the choice of the type of roof will be carried out between the holm and semi-walled roofs, which are more suitable for this option and allow to obtain the maximum space.
Inclined roofs are recommended to be installed with their own hands using a professional leaf and an angle of inclination to 50 degrees. In winter, during severe snowfalls on such a surface, snow masses will not be delayed, which will significantly reduce the load on slinge system. In this case, during the construction of the roof it is possible to use wooden material For rafting legs of a smaller cross section.
