Lifting to the second floor in a private house can be done without any problems with their own hands, possessing minimal skills in construction. The main thing is that it is reliable, safe and beautiful. Next will be discussed in detail what ladders may be on the second floor in wooden houseThe options are their design and design.
First, it is worth describing the requirements that stairs in a wooden house should be posted. Since most of these projects are individual, there are no certain regulated technical standards. Some parameters are recommended for any wooden building.
The width of the staircase must be at least 90 cm, it will provide not only the convenience of lifting, but also safety, including fire-fighting - for rapid evacuation. The slope usually does not exceed 40 degrees, the coolest will become uncomfortable and dangerous, and with a less cool lift, the whole design becomes more cumbersome and takes more free space. The railing is best to do 80-90 cm high.
The height of the steps in such a staircase should be 15-18 cm, so slipping, will not be likely to fall into the leg in the opening between the balusters, even if the steps are solid, then the big value will give an inconvenient lift. And if there are children in the house, it is better to make a vertical distance of 7-10 cm. The number of steps on one march is usually 8-15, the entire staircase will have 20-30 steps.
Construction strength is the main requirement, the staircase must withstand at least 200 kg.To do this, use reliable fastenings of the frame, steps and railings, strong supports, high-quality material. If it is made of wood, then you should take polished bars with a thickness of at least 20 mm - for steps, for frame and supports - at least 60 mm, metal stairs should be reliably cooked in the joints of the joints.
All steps wooden stairs Must be the same in length, width and height. The material must be polished and handled with varnish, so that it is smooth, did not have a cavitation and cracks. Beautiful appearance and original design You can also attribute to the desired requirements of such a design. Usually stairs to the second floor in a wooden house are installed in the hallway or lobby.
By design, such stairs can be divided into the following types.
Materials for stairs to the second floor differ in terms of cost and complexity of installation work. But to decide what to build a future design, it is necessary to consider the properties of each. Wood - the traditional and most popular material for the manufacture of stairs in a private house, which remains confident today.
This is due to a number of its advantages:
From the tree you can build a staircase to the second floor in almost any style: rural, classic, high-tech or modern, the main thing to choose right forms And painting. Most often of wood make march straight and turning stairs on 2 spans. Steps and railings are attached to the nails or wood screws, to save often one of the supporting supports of the structure is a wooden house wall.
For the most elite and beautiful stairs choose such varieties of wood, like oak, beech, ash, cedar.They have noble shades with pronounced textures and excellent strength. More budgetary wood materials are pine and birch. In proper processing, a weathered and dry wood has excellent physical properties and durability.
Metal stairs are more durable and can last long time. Most often use aluminum alloys, copper and cast-iron are also popular. The disadvantage is the complexity of installation, for strength, welding frame, steps and railings are usually required. Excellent option For a wooden house are all-metal stairs. The screw view from various metals is the most popular.
You can build in a wooden house and stairs from natural or artificial stone. The cost will be high, but the appearance of such rates on the second floor is very impressive. The dignity is their environmental purity, long service life.
Before building a rise to the second floor with your own hands, you need to decide on the choice of place, such as design and manufacturing materials. It is worth considering where the hatch or the door to the top room will be located to tie the upper span with it. In order to correctly determine the amount of raw materials and fasteners, it is worth creating a sketch that shows the width and height of the steps and spans, the supporting elements, the places of attachment to the wall and the floor, the railing sizes.
For the construction, you should prepare the platform in advance where the design will be mounted as well as adjacent walls. For the preparation of material, installation and finishes, you will need: tree-hacksaw, pencil, line and roulette, drill, screwdriver, uglie, building level, hammer and brush.
To construct a rotary staircase with two wood marches, you will need 8 steps with a width of 250 mm, a step of 200 mm, a span width of 900 mm and an area of \u200b\u200b900x900 mm. The railing can be selected the simplest design itself, the main thing is that the distance between adjacent vertical racks was at least 400 mm. The installation begins with the sawing of precipulated bars, for the frame to successfully choose them with the sizes of section 60 by 120 mm. The installation of the site on vertical supports occurs in the corner of the room, then the bottom march is manufactured - the inclined boards to which the steps and railings will be attached. Fastening to the overlap, that is, the existing wall of the wooden house is carried out on metal screws screws on a tree at least 60 cm long.
When the platform on vertical racks and the strings are fixed, then ready-made steps are placed in the latter cutouts. After that, the railing is mounted to the lower span. Then the same march is embarked in the same way. Its the guide is fixed already to the ceiling overlap and the second adjacent wall. The second span is longer, for reliability somewhere on its middle it is worth installing an additional support beam.
A similar staircase is easy to install and convenient, but on a smoothly polished and covered with varnish surfaces, steps are often picked up. To avoid this, you can fix on the stairs rough notches from metal or other material. After the design with railing is ready to take care of the construction of the damper or opening the hatch to the second floor.
You can also easily make a screw staircase on which at the height of the floor in 2.4-2.7 m, 12-15 stages will be needed. The main forming element is the central vertical support, around which the steps will climb the steps, they, unlike direct stairs, have a trapezoid form. Design options and materials here are a huge amount, including from natural tree.
Painting of wood stairs can be produced from any transparent quick-dry varnish. It is best to choose a variety of odorless for internal work. Such can be alkyd varnishes with relatively low cost, alcohol with good durability and protection against moisture, environmentally friendly acrylic or polyurethane with high wear resistance.
Wooden stairs can and paint in any opaque color.At the same time, pleasant texture and shade of natural wood are lost, but so you can achieve, for example, the maximum combination with the rest of the interior or create a specific style. So after painting in the room there was no sharp smell, it is worth choosing persistent and high-quality acrylic, alkyd, emulsion paints.
Whatever varnish, it should be neatly applied with a new brush with a soft pile. After use, it is cleared. Even finishing material Odor, it is better not to be inside the room of the work done a couple of hours and check the house.
Style and design may be different depending on the preferences of the owners. Most popular for small wooden houses Rural style or country. It is based on maximum naturalness and simplicity. Therefore, it is worth choosing non-slip straight shapes of steps and railings, use natural wood bars covered with transparent varnish. You can generally not handle the surface of the boards with decorative coloring means, but only to polish them as much as possible.
Classic style is characteristic of spacious premises with chic interior. It is best to choose for him noble dark wood varieties. The railing in the stairs in such style may have curved forms, complex vertical racks from a plurality of elements are equipped with stucco. The main thing is not to overdo it in the number of decorative parts and to harmoniously enter the staircase in the interior country house.
Without stairs in a house where more than one floor, do not do. At the same time, it must be durable, functional, and, of course, attractive. The wooden staircase is appropriate in any interior style, although, of course, it should resonate with a common interior idea. A tree, as a material, makes an atmosphere of comfort and sophistication in the atmosphere, and also has the characteristics that are most suitable for residential premises. An alternative solution for a residential building, administrative or production premisesare staircase marches from concrete, which, after installation are facing various materials, including wooden steps and balasines.
Wood stairs are environmentally friendly and allow you to implement an infinite number of variations. To preserve the structure and give the desired properties, the tree is subject to special processing.
Designing stairs is now produced using special computer programsallowing to see the future product "in all its glory" in the surround form before the construction.
The breed of wood, from which the staircase will be made, of course, affects the characteristics of the structure and its price. To himself budget variant include stairs coniferous rocks. Their service life is the most short, moreover, they need to be desirable.
Pine is most often used for dacha stairs or baths, but, depending on the model, the pine staircase may look very dignity, so that it will notice that they will not give way to the fact that they are made of more valuable breeds.
Oak adds luxury to the interior, elitism. Such stairs have the longest life, resistance to destruction under the influence of various factors, hardness, therefore it is considered the most valuable, including the price.
Oak processing is more complicated, due to its structure, but today scientific and technological progress has solved this problem. Some properties of oak there is a larch, which is cheaper.
The beech staircase also has good characteristics, but requires constant temperature and humidity parameters. Birch is more affordable for the price and prevalence of the material, besides, it is not so capricious to the conditions indoors. The ash is less common, exceeds by some indicators of the oak, while its value is much lower.
The design of the stairs should take into account construction normsThat will eliminate dangerous situations. IN two-story house The staircase is usually single-break. The transformer staircase is acceptable only for the attic or basement floor.
Steps should not be narrow, and their number in one march is usually odd, their angle of inclination should be more than twenty degrees, and the height difference does not exceed the centimeter. The entire staircase should be sufficiently covered.
Marsh stairs are the most structurally simple suitable for any interior. They are recommended for such cases when there are children or people of old age in the family.
However, they require space, so they do not fit for small rooms. But under such a design there is an opportunity to equip an auxiliary room, for example, pantry or dressing room.
Screw stairs occupy less space, as they have spiral designwhich can be round, square, rectangular. In addition to saving area, the curved makes the style of the style.
The "goose step" staircase also takes little space and most often happens auxiliary (for the attic and basement). Recommended in low rooms, and has different widths, as well as their location relative to each other.
Photo of stairs will help determine, but the visual component is just one of the factors that need to be considered when choosing a type of staircase.
The wooden staircase must organically fit, match the overall style. The staircase in the "classic" style can be said universal in this sense. This species is characterized by rigor, symmetry, solidity.
In different variations, it may look completely different, for example, to be minimalistic or neoclassical, with the presence of decor or be simple.
Victorian style is appropriate in luxury conditions, and has the appropriate decor. Most often they are made of oak.
The "rustic" staircase is simple, without delight, and more appropriate for a country house, cottages. The element of coziness contributes to the general atmosphere.
Modern staircase is an option perfectly suitable for many interior solutions, such as High-tech, minimalism, loft. Includes a combination of wood, glass, metal and can have a lot of options that are radically different from each other, which allows you to fit in almost any style.
What to take into account when buying ready option? In this case, there are not talking about exclusivity, but such stairs will cost cheaper. In most cases, the staircase is mounted in the corridor, hallway, living room.
Starting the construction of a large, multi-storey cottage, many people often do not think about such an important element as a staircase. After that, already in the construction process, they begin to break their heads over the issues of its design, design and other things. The staircase can be made simple and practically inconspicuous, and you can turn into a real work of art that can rush to yourself the views of all guests at home.
Designing stairs is considered one of the important stages of the construction of the house. Stairs are able to profitably emphasize the space of residential premises, becoming its highlight. With a competent approach to solving this issue, you can get an unsurpassed option.
Wooden staircase project in a private house
The stairs can be divided into external and internal. The inner stairs are located between the floors of the residential building, providing unhindered movement from one room to another. External staircases carry the function of refining. In addition, it is taken into account what type it will be that the staircase is completely correlated with the house (that is, its size is taken into account in relation to the surrounding space).
Project of the external stone staircase There is a huge number of diverse forms and sizes of structures, which sometimes simply affect the imagination, but, in general, it is customary to share all the stairs into two types.
Drawing and scheme of the device of the curvilinear staircase To design outdoor stairs, it is necessary to choose the material resistant to corrosion due to the long exposure to a large amount of moisture and sharp temperature drops. Bronze is considered excellent material for this species. But due to the fact that the metal is quite expensive, the availability of such a structure becomes limited.
An alternative to such a metal staircase can become cast iron option. Metal used for manufacture, has good characteristicsAnd with a relatively low cost of the stairs become more accessible to a wide class of consumers. Also, as an alternative to the metal, it is possible to use wood treated with various impregnation.
Wooden staircase can be made of house design highlight Currently, due to the mass of various technologies, there is the possibility of erection of stairs using stone, wood and metal. Extremely concisely looks stairs designed by combining metal and wood or metal and stone. In the first version, the steps are performed from specially treated wood boards of various breeds, and the handrails using forging are made in casting workshops, and then the design is collected together.
Combined wrought figure staircase In the second variant, the steps are laid out by stone. It should be noted that marble stairs with forged railing can be considered to be considered the work of construction art.
Marble wrought stairs are striking with their magnificence Perhaps the most common material that is used in the manufacture of stairs is a tree, to work with which it is necessary very neat. Ash, beech or oak need one processing method; Larch, Birza and Pine - in another.
Before starting to design a staircase, you need to answer some questions. It should be determined whether the desigted design will be successfully fit into the area of \u200b\u200bthe ground floor area, which is designed to start the lifting? In addition, the staircase must approach the configuration and the area of \u200b\u200bthe proof in the inter-storey overlap, through which the rise will be completed on the second floor.
Drawing of a wooden spiral staircase on the second floor For example, the single-hour staircase requires at least one square meter of free space on the floor and on itself - the discovery that partly repeats its rectangular look, but at the same time it is somewhat reduced due to the part hanging over the first steps. These moments should be foreseen before the design of the design.
Suppose the height of the ceiling is 280 cm, and the overlap thickness is 20 cm, as a result, it turns out 300 cm. The height of the steps is 18 cm. Thus, 300 cm divide by 18 cm and get a height of 16.6 cm. At the same time, do not forget about The fact that it is necessary to calculate the maximum allowable hanging of the ceiling over the initial stairs of the stairs. To do this, from 280 cm, 190 cm should be subtracted (medium height of a person with a small margin), after which the resulting number (90 cm) is divided into height of steps (16.6 cm). As a result, 5.4 will be obtained. This number is rounded up to 5 and we get exactly the number of steps over which the inter-storey overlap can be, after which the area is starting.
Drawing of a wooden staircase on the second floor of the house After that, it is necessary to obtain more accurate parameters that include the width of each stage. The width should be such that the feet of an adult in its natural position fully focused on the stage (that is, perpendicular to the length of the stage). The ideal option In this case, 30 cm is considered. 30 cm are multiplied by 5 (the number of steps) and 150 cm are obtained. Thus, it turns out that the opening of an inter-storey overlap with dimensions of 4.5 m per 1.56 m should begin 150 cm from the beginning of the staircase And end 90 cm after this mark.
The total length of the staircase is calculated by the Pythagore formula - the hypotenuse square is equal to the sum of the squares of the cathets (3 2 + 5.4 2 \u003d 38,16). The square root of this number will be 6.18 m. Accordingly, the total length of the staircase will be 6.18 m. In fact, on these calculations, the process of creating a project of the stairs (with the exception of the railing) can be considered completed.
In this video, it is shown how the detailed design of the inner wooden staircase on the second floor of the house occurs.
This type of design is quite common. It is determined by the fact that metal stairs are ideal for office buildings, and with a certain design project will decorate and a residential building.
When designing metal stairs, it is necessary to decide what kind of design you wanted to see in your interior. It can be a spiral staircase, a staircase on the assets, a console staircase or a staircase on the cosos.
Screw or, as often, it is called, a circular staircase will save space, its steps can be made of any material with steel handrails.
The stairs on the cosomes are also quite often used (Kosur is the main support of the march beam and is attached to the step). Designs on the growths, as well as on the cosoms - this is a kind of marching type of stairs. Taitives are inclined beams, fastening fastening from the inside, but similar to the boosters.
Drawing and diagram of device stairs on broken side rosters The console staircase is performed using anchor mount without the use of cosomes and the taisle, which creates an impression of air and lightness (when replacing the floor, dismantling such a staircase is not required).
Console staircase on the second floor of the house Designing stairs in private homes is better to produce with the help and entrust it to professionals. This process requires special knowledge and skills. Specialists will provide you with an option that best will fit into your design project and will not take a lot of space, and most importantly, it will be safe for you and your family.
Designing stairs in private homes can be preliminary and complete. In the first version, a 3D model is being developed, where you can view the virtual layout of the future staircase and change some elements. In full design, the model is also developed, plus the documentation is still drawn up (for example, the specification of elements and drawings of parts).
If you decide to contact a company operating in another city or region, it is possible to order such design online, the calculation will be made non-cash.
It is extremely not desirable to plan the construction of stairs with a deviation from standard sizes staircase. If a project of one-time staircase is created, it should be at least 1x3 m; Screw with a central stand - minimum 2 m in diameter. Reducing these numbers can adversely affect some technical indicators (for example, angle of inclination or height and width of steps).
Drawing a simple project wooden single-meal staircase on the second floor The staircane ideally should be isolated by volume. If the separation of floors of the doors and walls will be absent, then warm air will be freely climbing up, thereby causing thermal imbalance.
With the arrangement of stairs to undesirable to apply massive materials (bales, steps and railings). In the manufacture of elements of the stairs, it is recommended to give preference to glue wood, which will further avoid the appearance of cracks on the design. For the same purposes between elements of the design, small gaps should be left.
Composite parts of the design are best acquired by the same manufacturers, as this will allow you to choose the material not only the same color, but also identical processing.
Installing the staircase in a wooden house should be carried out no earlier than 10-12 months after the start of operation of the building. The reason is that wood structure During this time, it can give a shrinkage to 10% of the height, which, naturally, will affect the design of the staircase as a seating binder element.
Tilt angle ladder march It should be at least 20 degrees, the width of the steps is not less than 100 cm, and the depth of sticking is not less than 25 cm.
Convenient to walk the corners of the staircase march The distance between the balasins should not exceed 15 cm, and their most acceptable height should be within 85-90cm.
Optimal distance between the bales of the wooden staircase For tinting wooden stairs, it is recommended to use only those covers that are designed to finish parquet and furniture. Those agents that are used to protect wood from atmospheric impact may be too toxic.
Detailed and simple scheme for standard staircase on the second floor.
Planning the construction of a private house for two floors or more? We recommend planning immediately, what a staircase will be. And we will help in this - in this material It is described in detail about species for cottages, cottages and private houses, design requirements. Also, with the help of diagrams and drawings, we will tell you how the staircase is calculated and built. The design is quite simple - it is not compared with the roof, so the owner can make it, which has only minimal construction skills. We will tell how to make so that instead of a wooden staircase did not work like a ladder. After studying the drawings and schemes, you can make a high-quality design.
In private houses, for centuries, two types are used, which we briefly consider:
Of course, we will disassemble the marching staircase, although we recommend familiar with the screw options. It is easier to carry out the marching version to which there are drawings. 
Another lack of a screw staircase is that it will be uncomfortable to carry overall objects from one floor to another.
Before thinking about the construction with your own hands, you need to create or take ready-made drawings, as well as prepare tools and materials for the stairs connecting the second floor with the first.
Let's start with materials for building construction to the second floor:
Without a drawing, it is impossible to perform work, in the image below it is shown in detail what you need to measure so that in the end it was possible to calculate the dimensions of the future design.
Also cost to take into account the following sizes when planning the design to the second floor from the first:
If there are skills in working with a 3D editor, you can make a detailed scheme. For example, the project will demonstrate whether the ladder will not work. It is also recommended to study the drawings.
The simplest drawing The flight staircase on the second floor, which the owner will be able to make with their own hands. The drawing is demonstrated quite large design, but sometimes such a staircase leads to the second floor. Knowing the distance between the floors, you can calculate the number of steps. For example, the floor height from the floor is 290 centimeters, the steps are selected by 20 cm. After simple computations, 14.5 steps are obtained. It is necessary to round up to 14 or 15. In the first case, the height of each step should be 20.71 cm, and in the second - 19.33 cm.
In the example, integers are used - the height of the stairs to the second floor is 260 cm, each step goes 20 cm, as a result, it turns out 13. With regard to the size of the staircase march, its width should not be less than 70 centimeters. In the large side, the bias can be any. In the example, considered in this article, the stair march has a width of 1 meter.
It is also worth thinking about the platforms that will be at the bottom and above. Dimensions should correspond to the dimensions of the staircase march. An ideal form will be a rectangle or square. 
These are the simplest schemes for the manufacture of a wooden staircase to the second floor. The main thing is to choose a convenient angle of inclination so that in the end there is no stepladder.
The most reliable option is the direct staircase. P-shaped option is suitable for private houses, where big square. M-shaped newbie design is unlikely to master.
The design of the future staircase may present:
When the steps, platforms and beams are ready, you can move to the installation of the stairs with your own hands. The example describes the option with Kosomers. You need to make a note for the place of installation in advance. On the floor of the first floor, the boosters are installed on the support timber. In a place where the staircase moves to the second floor, the support elements are placed in the gaps in the ceiling beam. In some cases, metal supports apply to the same goals. The attachment of the cososov is performed using anchor bolts.
In the process of installation at hand, there should always be a construction level, it is also possible to determine the position by body kit so that the ladder does not work. Elements wooden design Must be installed perfectly smoothly. The panels of the appearance must be consolidated from the top of the cosome, to do this is the most convenient self-drawing. 
Steps are ready? So you can start the installation of the baluster on the floor. Upstairs and downstairs are mounted support racks that limit the handrails. They are also decorative and supporting elements. 
Now installing:
As a result, it turns out a convenient staircase, with which you can use comfort and safety to the second floor. If the angle is calculated correctly, then the stepladders will not.
