Obtaining a compressed air purified from oil is an important condition for many industrial industrial branches. Credit with this task can spiral compressors that operate from spiral elements have a low noise level.
Spiral rotation speed can reach several tens of thousands of cycles per minute. There are no touch points between the spirals and small gaps are saved. Thanks to this feature, the working mechanisms of such compressors are practically not wearing and do not fail. However, there are quite stringent requirements for the accuracy of manufacturing such mechanisms, which makes prices for spiral compressors high enough.
This technique is used for manufacture:
You can buy a spiral compressor in our company. We implement only high-quality certified equipment from well-known manufacturers.
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Fig. 2. 26. Spiral compressor Performer (Danfoss). 1 - moving spiral; 2 - fixed spiral; 3 - terminal box; 4 - protection of the electric motor; 5 - viewing glass; 6 - suction; 7 - Oil pump; 8 - electric motor; 9 - discharge; 10 - protection against reverse rotation; 11 - check valve.
The electric motor is located at the bottom of the compressor, the shaft with an eccentric provides an ellipse movement of the movable spiral inserted into the fixed spiral installed in the upper part of the compressor. The absorbent gas enters the compressor through the suction pipe, the electric motor cover is streamlined and enters it through holes at the bottom of the casing (Fig.2.26). The oil in the refrigerant pairs, as a result of the rotation of the oil reflective mixture under the action of centrifugal forces, is separated from it and flows to the bottom of the compressor crankcase. Couple passes through the electric motor, providing full cooling of the compressor in all modes of operation. Passing through the electric motor, steam enters the spiral elements of the compressor, which are located at the top of the compressor over the electric motor. The working cycle is performed for three turns of the shaft: the first turn is suction, the second turn is compression, the third turnover is the discharge. Immediately over the output channel of the stationary spiral is the check valve. It protects the compressor from the reverse gas flow after it is turned off. Passing the check valve, gas leaves the compressor through the discharge nozzle.
The efficiency of spiral compressors is largely determined by the magnitude of the internal radial and axial gas leaks during the compression process. Radial leaks occur between the contiguous side surfaces of the spirals, axial - between the upper end of the same helix and the support plate of the other (Fig. 2. 24). Leaks lead to an increase in the power consumption of the compressor, reducing its cooling capacity and performance efficiency.
The main difference of this compressor from other spirals is the principle of sealing spiral elements. A common way to ensure the radial seal is to create a dense contact against pressing the movable spiral to a fixed under the action of centrifugal force. However, the mostly manufactured compressors create an effective homogeneous seal only after the "wipging" period, in the process of which the necessary contact is formed between the surfaces. Touch the side surfaces of the spirals is a prerequisite for such compressors.
Danfoss in Performer compressors is used by the so-called "principle of controlled rotation" (Controlled orbiting), which implies the movement of spirals along a fixed trajectory without contacting the movable and fixed spirals under any operating conditions of the compressor.
PERFORMER compressors with controlled rotation To obtain a guaranteed seal should have a helix of a ultra-precise profile. The side surfaces of such spirals never come into contact with each other, and a thin film of oil, sealing clearance, provides lubrication of spirals without friction and wear of their surface.
When creating axial, sealing manufacturers of compressors for the seal pressed the movable helix to fixed using the pressure of the compressible gas.
In Performer compressors, the dynamic contact between the upper end of the movable spiral and the supporting plate of the stationary spiral is maintained by a floating seal (Fig. 2.27).
Fig. 2.27. PERFORMER spiral compressor floating compressor compressor:
1 - reference plate; 2. - clearance between the end and the support plate; 3. - floating seal; four - spiral; five - oil film preventing seal gas leakage; 6. - gas high pressure
This sealing element is in the groove cut into the upper end of the moving spiral (Fig. 2.27). The gas under pressure presses on the floating seal from the bottom and makes it cuddle to the support plate of the spiral, creating a dynamic contact when the compressor is running. The pressed forces are very small, which, in combination with a small contact area, reduces friction and increases the efficiency of the compressor.
A characteristic feature of these compressors is their start-up, even with unbalanced pressure in the system. This is due to the installation check valve On the injection line closing when it stops. Under these conditions, only gas is returned to the crankcase, compressed in the compressor to the place of installation of the valve, passing through the helix. Thereby aligning internal pressure. When the compressor is stopped, two spirals are opened both vertically and horizontally. With a new startup, the compressor does not experience the load, since the increase in pressure occurs gradually. In a spiral compressor, a safety valve is provided, which opens over 28 bar and the resettlement refrigerant from the discharge cavity into the suction cavity.
Oil in spiral compressors serves only for lubricating bearings and floating sealing ring. Spiral lubrication is not required due to the low speed of rotation and friction force at each contact point. The content of oil in the oil reflective mixture is quite enough to provide the necessary lubricant, in view of which the oil is not exposed to high temperatureswhich can lead over time to deterioration of the characteristics of the oil. Another positive feature is the high ability to counteract the oil under the launch.
Questions for self-control on chapter 2.
What is the difference between direct-flow and indiscriminate compressors? 2. What kind of constructive compressor difference simple action From the double action compressor? 3. What device to protect against hydraulic impact is available in the compressor? 4. What is the difference between the piston sealing ring from the oil surcharge? 5. How is the compressor seal lubricate? 6. What is the assignment of the safety valve in the compressor? 7. How can the oil belonging to the refrigerant couples return to the compressor crankcase? 8. Why is the compressor working on ammonia, has a greater cooling capacity than when working on R22? 9. How can I change the cooling capacity of the refrigeration compressor? 10. How is the compression in the screw compressor? 11. Why does energy losses arise in the screw compressor when the pressure at the end of the compression does not coincide with the pressure of the injection? 12. Why when moving the spool, the cooling capacity of the screw compressor changes? 13. What advantages and disadvantages have a screw compressor compared to piston? 14. What are the advantages of spiral compressors? 15. Flections of spiral compressors. 16. The principle of operation of spiral compressors. 17. What is the "scored" volume in screw compressors?
Literature on chapter 2.
1.Baranenko A.V., Bukharin N.N., Pekarev V.I., Timofeevsky L.S. Refrigerators - St. Petersburg: Polytechnic, 2006.-944 p.
2. Quick selection of automatic regulators, compressors and compressor capacitor units. Catalog. Danfoss. 2009.-234ะก.
3. Ladin N.V., Abdulmanov H.A., Lalaev G.G. Ship refrigerated installations. Textbook. Moscow, transport, 1993.-246 p.
4. Shvetsov G. M., Ladin N. V. Ship refrigeration plants: Tutorial for
universities. - M.: Transport, 1986. - 232 p.
Spiral compressors began to be installed in the equipment for the air conditioning of residential premises since the late 1980s. In commercial air conditioning systems, spiral compressors are widely used since the end of the 1990s. Now they have found use in refrigeration, and in heat pumps, and in transport. Spiral compressors Installed not only in air conditioning systems, but also in central refrigeration systems for supermarkets, in the field of telecommunication technologies, in cooling systems in production, in equipment for technological processes, in air dryers and in air conditioners for metro wagons. And customers continue to find equipment and new applications.
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The spiral compressor consists of two steel spirals. They are inserted one to another and expand from the center to the edge of the compressor cylinder. The inner spiral is fixedly fixed, and the external rotates around it. Spirals have a special profile (evolvent), allowing you to roll without slipping. The movable spiral of the compressor is installed on the eccentric and rolls along the inner surface of another helix. At the same time, the point of touching the spirals gradually moves from the edge to the center. The refrigerant pairs located in front of the touch line are compressed and pushed into a central hole in the compressor lid. Touch points are located on each twist of the inner spiral, so the pairs are compressed more smoothly, less portions than in other types of compressors.
As a result, the load on the compressor electric motor is reduced, especially at the time of the compressor start. The refrigerant pairs come through the inlet in the cylindrical part of the housing, cooled the engine, then compressed between the spirals and exit through the outlet in the upper part of the compressor body.
Right now in various systems Cooling around the world, millions of Copelland compressors are working, characterized by high quality and advanced design. Each year at nine enterprises located on 3 continents, up to 4 million spiral compressors are produced. Copeland engineering and technical support centers are located in Europe, Asia and the United States.
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1. Overall drawing of spiral compressor Copeland. Zr22k3 ... zr40k3
2. Overall drawing of the compressor Copeland ZR47 ... 48KC
4. Overall drawing of the compressor Copeland zpd61 ... zrd83
5. Overall drawing compressor Copeland shared
7. Copeland Spiral Compressors Marking
9. Spiral compressor Sanyo in context
10. Photo Compressors Sanyo C-SB, C-SC, C-SB Low Temp, C-SC Low Temp, C-SB Inverter, DC Inverter Horizontal, C-SB Tandem, C-SC Tandem
11. Sanyo Spiral Compressor Line
12. Spiral compressor Sanyo C-SB series
13. Spiral Compressor Sanyo C-SD Series
14. Spiral compressor Sanyo C-SC series
15. Overall compressor drawing Sanyo C-SBN373H8D
16. Overall drawing of the Sanyo C-SB compressor 2.6-4,5 kW
17. Overall drawing of the compressor Sanyo C-SC 6.0-7.5 KW
18, 19 photos of the compressor Sanyo C-SBN303H8D
Spiral compressor - Question history
The idea of \u200b\u200bthe spiral is known to humanity more than 3 thousand years. Spirals (from Greek. Speira - the cooler) are curves twisting around the point on the plane (flat spirals), for example, the Archimedean spiral, a hyperbolic spiral, a logarithmic spiral, or around the axis (spiral spiral), for example, a screw line. But technically embodying the idea of \u200b\u200bhumanity could only by the end of the XX century.
It all started in 1905, when the French engineer Leon Crook developed the design of the spiral compressor and received a patent on it. However, at that time, this technology could not be implemented, because There was no necessary manufacturing base. Therefore, the design of the operating prototype had to wait until the second half of the twentieth century, because For effective functioning, in a spiral compressor, it is necessary to ensure a small constructive gap in the conjugate details (spirals). Such accuracy was possible only in the precision machine processing developed during the second half of the twentieth century, which explains the relatively recent appearance of a spiral compressor in the high-tech equipment market.
Reanimated the concept of spiral compressors Physicist Nils Young in 1972, Yang gave the idea of \u200b\u200bArthur D. Little employees (USA). The Guide "Arthur D. Little" saw the high potential of this concept and the beginning of the development of a possible model in January 1973. Large manufacturers of refrigeration and petrochemical equipment were very interested in the development of a compressor of a fundamentally new design that allows significant efficiency. Already during the test of the prototype spiral compressor, it was revealed that it has the ability to create a high degree of compression and the greatest effectiveness of existing in the early 70s. refrigeration compressors, and also has high performance features (reliability, low noise level, etc.).
Then "Arthur D. Little" undertakes at the end of 1973 significant efforts to develop the current model of the refrigeration spiral compressor for the American Corporation "TGAN". A little later, many large companies, for example, "Copeland" (USA), "Hitachi" (Japan), "Volkswagen1" (Germany), begin intensive research and improving the design of a refrigeration spiral compressor, mastering the technology of manufacturing parts and a spiral compressor as a whole. The development of the prototype of the air spiral compressor was slower. In the late 80s. "Hitachi" and "Mitsui Seiki" (Japan) presented an oil-hammer air compressor. However, these compressors were simply modifications of refrigeration spiral compressors. "IWATA COMPRESSOR" (Japan) entered into a license agreement with Arthur D. Little on the development of an air spiral compressor in 1987. As a result, the Firm "Iwata Compressor" first introduced in January 1992 "Dry" (without butter) spiral compressor. Initial power air compressors was 2.2 and 3.7 kW. The main advantages of the "dry" spiral compressors "IWATA compressor" compared to piston "dry" compressors are: durability, reliability, low noise and vibration.
Currently, large-scale studies in the field of spiral compressors lead all manufacturers of compressors for the refrigeration industry. Refrigeration spiral compressors have successfully withstood the test of time and actively began to outpire other types of compressors (especially piston) from the market refrigeration equipmentJust for several years, making dominant position in the air conditioning market and heat pumps. Spiral compressors are becoming increasingly used in refrigeration and air conditioning systems. This is due to the fact that they are more reliable in operation, contain 40% less details than piston, produce less noise and have larger resource operation.
The past few years, the production of spiral compressors is rapidly increasing, and by January 2000, over 20 million compressors were produced.
Spiral compressors have found use in all major air conditioning systems, including split and multiplit models, floor versions and chillers, ruffle ( roof air conditioners) and heat pumps. Typical use is air conditioning in apartments, on ships, factories and large buildings, also on PBX, in cooling processes and transport. Refrigerated spiral compressors are widely used in compressor condenser units, in the "remote cold" systems of supermarkets, in industrial cold and in transport installations, including containers. The cooling capacity limits for spiral compressors are constantly increasing and are currently approaching 200 kW when using a multicompressor station.
The popularity of spiral compressors is very high due to the wide range of applications, which is explained by their reliability and multifunctionality.
Household air conditioning
Spiral compressors meet the requirements of this air conditioning sector with low noise level, compact sizes, reduced mass compared to piston compressors.
Their characteristics, being more permanent, better meet the requirements of comfortable air conditioning.
Single-phase electric motors (used for indoor air conditioning) do not need starting relays or capacitors. They are preferable due to their minimal effect on other contour elements.
Commercial air conditioning
Their cooling capacity is more than sufficient to meet the requirements of commercial air conditioning.
Also spiral compressors are used for air conditioning in stores, travel agencies, offices, banks, restaurants, snacks "Fast Food", bars and many other objects. Conditioners with spiral compressors - Successful technical solution, especially for aggregates working in the summer and year-round, as well as - in mode thermal pump.
Heat pumps
In heat pumps, spiral compressors have advantages in the form of an increase in reliability in front of other types of compressors used in heat pumps due to the possibility of controlling the liquid refrigerant, entering emergency situations into the compressor (without the destruction of its component elements).
Refrigeration units for computer centers and PBX
These directions require actually continuous operation of refrigeration units, often over 8000 h / year. It is especially important to ensure that these conditions are incessant work due to the permanent service. Under such conditions, spiral compressors can have an effective impact on reduced energy consumption due to high efficiency.
The low noise level of spiral compressors is another factor to apply them in air conditioning systems, often installed in the air-conditioned rooms themselves.
Autonomous aggregates "Ruf-Top"
Their most typical application are factories and grocery supermarkets, where the advantages of high productivity of spiral compressors are especially necessary, because it is a sector usually characterized by high energy consumption of air conditioning systems and refrigerators.
Reliability is another important contribution that spiral compressors contribute to the overall cost savings, when the supermarket is working, where the continuity of the equipment is a decisive factor.
Other applications
The multifunctionality of spiral compressors expands areas of their use in technological processes, for example, in autoclaves for cleaning wine, cooling systems of molding machines of the chemical industry, refrigeration systems, test chambers, refrigeration preservation of raw materials of biological origin (meat products, fruits and vegetables, etc.), cooling of anhydrous equipment (condensation of solvents), processing of food raw materials, etc.
Spiral compressors have proven themselves as reliable, energy-efficient and convenient installation for the production of compressed air. In such compressors, the air is compressed due to two spirals - one of them is fixed, and the second rotates at high speed and is moved. The moving spiral movement reduces the volume of the chamber, where the air is contained - and due to this, the gas density increases.
Spiral installations make it possible to obtain the stream of the highest degree of cleaning: the air in the process of compression does not contact with oil or other lubricant materials And, accordingly, it does not mix with him. Therefore, spiral compressors are used in those sectors where particularly strict requirements (medical and dental clinics, food and pharmaceutical production, and the manufacture of high-precision electronics, etc.) are presented to the quality of air. And the use of such equipment is associated with dryers and additional filtering devices as a result of obtaining the best airflow in terms of quality.
Oilless spiral compressors - Equipment "Last Generation", capable of providing a complete absence in compressed air oil impurities.
The air spiral compressor is a single volume compressor. The working bodies of this device are two spirals - mobile and fixed, inserted into each other. During the operation of the unit, moving the rolling spirals along a circular orbit around the stationary. It should be noted that the movable helix does not rotate around their own axis. This movement of this element provides a special anti-rotary device, as well as a shaft with an eccentric rotating in a given direction. Such a design contributes to a continuous decrease in the volume of cavities, which ensures a constant uniform compression of air. To reduce the duration of the starting torque, the device is equipped with a floating seal.
Thanks constructive features, this species Air oil-free compressors is distinguished by its reliability and ability to evenly distribute the load on the spiral elements of the equipment.
The company "Prone" offers you to buy oil-free spiral compressors, as well as components, spare parts and consumables to them. We carry out not only the sale, but also service.
Our site presents oil-free spiral compressors known on the Russian manufacturers market. Air collectors are presented in the catalog trademarks Chicago Pneumatic and Remeza.
Designed for use in those enterprises where the use of contaminated compressed air is unacceptable.
Due to the large number of undeniable advantages, spiral compressors have found their widespread use in the manufacture of various refrigeration installations, as well as in air conditioning systems.
Since its invention and introduction into production, these devices began to be actively used in the food industry, in the manufacture of household and industrial systems Air conditioning, as well as in the manufacture of refrigeration installations.
The high demand for compressors of this species is easily explained by their characteristics and excellent performance:
Prone LLC offers you to buy spiral compressors in Moscow. Is an official representative In our country, many world leaders in production compressor equipmentWe are pleased to offer you our delivery services and service. All products presented with us has the necessary certificates and warranty. The price of the spiral compressor depends on the characteristics you need and the equipment manufacturer. We carry out delivery in all of Russia.
