It is not without reason that the passage of the chimney through the roofing system is recognized as the most complex structural unit. It must be equipped in such a way that tightness is ensured and the likelihood of fires is eliminated. To achieve the goal, they used to carry out an impressive series of actions, the work was entrusted only to experienced roofers. Tin, asbestos, roofing material were attached to the problem areas, the seams were poured cement mortars and bituminous compositions. The result of laborious operations did not last long due to atmospheric and temperature influences. The new kind roof sealant - Master Flash for the chimney provides an opportunity to abandon exhausting procedures. With its help, a reliable penetration can be arranged with your own hands, spending a minimum of time and effort with funds.
Master Flash is a series of flexible sealing systems designed to seal pipe intersections. They are used in the organization of chimney penetrations, sewer and ventilation risers and other communications.
They are produced in formats suitable for arranging roofs from all known types of materials. Seals are produced for flat and pitched roofs with profiled coverings and for brethren without relief.
Undeniable advantages of Master Flash seals:
A weighty plus of elastic seals is a tangible reduction in the consumption of materials used in the organization of penetration. When using them, there is no need to install additional waterproofing around the penetration.
Roof sealing systems have replaced traditional pipe aprons. Structurally, they resemble their predecessors, but include only two main parts, these are:
The collars of pitched roof seals are angled to the base. The cone-shaped element has corrugations that indicate the contours of round holes with a clear gradation in diameter.
Corrugations are also necessary to improve the accuracy of pipe cutting: they allow, if necessary, to change the angle of inclination of the seal within the limits specified by the manufacturer.
If the imaginary central axis of the cone is located strictly perpendicular to the surface of the base, then the Master Flash is intended for arranging flat roofs.
Flexible seals are significantly ahead of the outdated methods of arranging roof penetrations in terms of technical characteristics. They withstand a much wider temperature range without loss of quality indicators, last longer, and rarely need repair.
According to the criteria of ease of installation, the Master Flash for the chimney is also undoubtedly in the lead - the installation of the system is carried out in the most elementary way. To carry out the work, the performer does not need either theoretical knowledge or practice in roofing.
The top of the cone-shaped collar is notched so that the diameter of the resulting hole is less than the diameter of the chimney to be equipped by 20%. The notched cone is banally put on a pipe round in cross-section and gently moves down to the point of attachment. To facilitate the promotion process, manufacturers recommend moistening or soaping the surface of the chimney.
Flange fixing method determines the type roofing material, depending on which the model of the sealing system is selected:
After installation, the upper edge of the cone and the lower edge of the flange are sealed with silicone sealant for reliability. A metal clamp can be used to secure the top edge.
The firmly fixed pass-through remains movable. Those. in the event of thermal expansion, the fastening seams and points will allow the pipe to move relative to the penetration without loss of tightness. Similarly, the cuff will behave in the event of shrinkage of the walls and foundation.
Dimensional information is insufficient to accurately select a roof seal for sealing a chimney, although this is an important aspect. To acquire a usable system, consider that:
In addition, it is necessary to take into account in what temperature range the device can work without loss technical characteristics... The indicated aspect is directly related to the material from which the main part of the chimney collar is made.
Master Flash systems are manufactured:
Temperature standard value flue gas at the entrance to chimney approximately 120-140 ° C. For gas and liquid fuel boilers, it is slightly lower. In principle, both options fully satisfy the conditions for equipping sauna chimneys.
However, according to experts, the indicated values can be recognized as valid if between furnace part and the smoke exit from the stove is a distance of at least 1m. If not, then it is better to give preference to products made of silicone, the additional advantage of which is quite reasonably recognized by the rich color and impeccable compatibility with sealing compounds. True, the service life of EPDM products is slightly longer than that of silicone seals. But in regions where frosts below -50 ° C occasionally or not very often, they cannot be installed on bath roofs. Moreover, chemists assure that synthetic rubber begins to correct at tº = + 135ºС.
If a waterproofing cuff made of EPDM has already been purchased for the equipment of the chimney, but there are doubts about the real temperature regime, there is no need to despair.
There is folk method adaptation of the rubber device to unwanted temperature influences. Before installing the collar around the chimney, you need to install a sleeve that creates a small gap between it and the pipe wall. On top of the sleeve is laid basalt wool, then another sleeve is put on, the shape of which is close to the configuration of the cuff. Finally, the Master Flash is installed by the standard method.
Sealing systems Master Flash are produced not only for equipping chimneys of a house under construction. In the product lines there are models for repair work and for installation in case it is simply impossible to put an elastic device on the pipe.
The cones of such products have a side slit with clips that snap into place when connected or a lock. Models with fasteners are also used for sealing square pipes with wall sizes up to 150mm. More solid square pipes are framed with a rubber or silicone strip on an aluminum base.
The general principles of organizing roof passages using Master Flash have been given above. In addition, manufacturers apply detailed description installation process. However, there are differences in the algorithms for installing and fixing different models, which it is better to familiarize yourself with even before the purchase.
The sealing system with an elastic base is mainly used in the arrangement of chimneys that cross metal roofs.
Algorithm of work:
The adhesive must match the type of coating. The rules and restrictions on selection are indicated in the instructions attached to the product. For example, it is prohibited to glue master-flash to a roof with a polycarbonate coating or a polymer membrane with bitumen mastic, because materials will begin to deteriorate, and the connection will become unusable.
The procedure for installing a seal with an aluminum strip along the edge is carried out in a similar way. Before the fastening stage, all work is carried out in the same order. The difference is that during fitting, before outlining the outline of the flange, it must be profiled to fit snugly against the coating surface.
Fastening is done with self-tapping screws with a hex head. The fasteners are screwed into the low profile shelves. If desired, for the reliability of fixing with self-tapping screws, you can buy a counter metal part installed with back side roofs.
On roof passages for large chimneys and on roofs steeper than 45º, it is recommended to place a square flange in the form of a rhombus. In order to more effectively protect against leaks of roofs with a pronounced ribbed surface and steep slopes, it is recommended to purchase seals with an enlarged base.
In the range of metal-framed lip seals, there are models with a porous seal located on the back. To fix them, there is no need to treat the surface with an adhesive. The system is simply screwed onto the roof without gluing or sealing the joints with silicone. The porous material ensures perfect tightness without additional manipulation.
Split roof seals are required where it is not possible to put insulation on the chimney from above. Most often they are in demand in the repair of worn-out insulation of chimneys.
Installation algorithm:
On roofs with an increased likelihood of leakage, systems with an increased base area are installed.
For cutting large pipes available roll material reinforced with an aluminum strip. It allows you to seal chimneys of a round, square, rectangular configuration. Due to its elasticity, pipe bypass parts are easily formed, thanks to the integrated aluminum, the sealing system flawlessly adheres to the roof surface. The installation method for roll insulation is similar to the one we gave in another article.
In order to seal the round chimney, cut a piece of material 30 cm larger than the circumference of the pipe. This must be done so that the insulation is fixed with an overlap. Before gluing, the segment must be bent like a metal corner so that the vertical shelf is 17 cm wide. This part will be glued to the vertical surface of the chimney. Before fixing, the horizontal shelf should be shaped into a skirt by stretching. The edge of the roll seal can stretch up to 25%. After a complete molding and a couple of fittings, the flexible roofing apron is glued to the pipe and roofing.
Square chimneys are pasted over in four steps in the following sequence:
Roll insulation can be painted in any color that matches the roof.
For the arrangement of penetrations through roofs, covering with bitumen and ceramic tiles, slate tiles and slate, sealing systems with a lead or aluminum base are available. The cone is traditionally cut to fit the cuff tightly over the chimney. The upper part of the metal flange must be brought under the covering, from the side and from below it is laid over the roof.
The upper edge of the base is folded to prevent atmospheric moisture from entering the system. After installation, all problematic connections are filled with silicone compound.
A selection of videos will acquaint you with the details of the installation of master-flash systems for chimneys:
A set of rules for installing waterproofing chimneys:
Installation and fastening of the split lip seal:
How to install a sealant on a metal tile:
The use of Master Flash roof seals attracts with the speed and ease of installation. An important advantage of elastic penetrations lies in the tangible savings in money, in the reliability of waterproofing and long service life. However, the most compelling argument in favor of new tunneling materials is the ability to install them with your own hands without involving workers.
Ceramic tiles have a fairly long service life. And the best confirmation of this is that old shingles are often used for the restoration of buildings. In addition, archaeological finds also confirm the long service life of this roofing material. Some samples, for example, are more than 5 thousand years old.
It is better to solve such a problem by replacing the slate sheet, but it is quite difficult to cope with this alone. The fastest and simple solution there will be slate laying on the damaged place or its (place) sealing. If holes from nails are visible on the slate, then they can also be sealed; as an option, you can solder a piece of roofing material using a torch.
The roof load can range from 70 kg to 200 kg per 1 m² of the horizontal projection. Tellingly, the roof - no matter how much it weighs - must also withstand the so-called temporary loads, which include renovation work, a layer of snow in the winter and its (snow) cleaning.
Have soft roof there are disadvantages, and significant ones. So, it is not always possible to completely seal the vapor barrier layer, because water vapor, getting into the layer of insulating material, accumulates there (after all, due to the dense waterproofing carpet, moisture does not evaporate). Over time, the moisture accumulated in the insulation begins to flow down and wet spots appear on the ceiling. In addition, moisture freezes at sub-zero temperatures, its volume increases, and the waterproofing, as a result, breaks off from the base. Even during operation, the waterproofing is exposed to mechanical / climatic influences, which is why cracks appear on it. Through these cracks, water enters the house, and sometimes it is quite difficult to detect and eliminate the cause of such leaks.
Hanging are those rafters that rely on only two external walls... This is a type of roof truss to which the attic floor is attached. If the span in the hanging rafters exceeds the mark of 6 meters, then a vertical suspended beam is additionally attached between the upper ends of the rafter legs. If the span varies from 6 to 12 meters, then the structure of the rafters is supplemented with struts, which reduces the length of the rafter legs.
To ensure a long service life and optimal conditions using metal tiles, you need to periodically inspect the roof. Rainwater is often enough to keep the polymer coating clean, but fallen leaves and other contaminants are not washed off in all cases. Therefore, the surface should be cleaned at least once a year. The same applies to drainage systems.
Use water and a soft brush to remove dirt and discoloration. The roof can be cleaned with a water jet (pressure should not exceed 50 bar), and to remove stubborn dirt, use detergents intended for colored polymer coatings. Before starting work, be sure to read the instructions for the detergent in order to make sure that it is exactly suitable for such a surface. If the dirt does not come out, you can try to remove it with a piece of cloth moistened with alcohol. The roof must be washed from top to bottom in such a way that detergent completely washed off. Then the surface and drainage systems washed with water.
As for the snow, it is usually rolled off the roof, and what remains is quite consistent with the bearing capacity of the structure.
It is important that the material that will be used for roof insulation has good thermal insulation characteristics and is:
The main function of a vapor barrier is to prevent the appearance of a "dew point" inside the building. Who does not know, the "dew point" means the temperature at which the humidity level is more than 100%, as a result of which excess moisture turns into dew (condensation occurs) and freezes. Moreover, it causes the appearance of mold and mildew - both inside roofing cake and in the building itself.
It is difficult to overestimate all the advantages of a thatched roof. It is cool in summer, and warm in winter, the building itself "breathes" and generally lives a quiet, calm life. Even the sounds of rain in the presence of such a roof are "extinguished", it is characterized by resistance to winds and other atmospheric influences. In addition to all this, a thatched roof allows you to significantly save money on the foundation and floor, since they will not need to rely on heavy loads.
A thatched roof can be installed on a roof of absolutely any design, there are no restrictions in terms of form in this case. Finally, the service life of such a roof reaches 50 years. It's not worth talking about the uniqueness of the design at all!
The system for the safe removal of combustion products from furnaces, boilers, instantaneous water heaters is one of the most serious problems solved during the installation of such equipment. Moreover, safety issues are very diverse: they include ensuring the correct operation of the heating equipment itself, and eliminating the likelihood of fire of building structures from overheating, and guaranteed prevention of toxic gases entering the premises. All this range of problems can be solved by competent, in strict accordance with the requirements of technology, the installation of modern kits.
Such products are produced in a wide variety of component parts, which makes it possible to assemble chimneys of any degree of complexity, optimally fitting into the architectural specifics of each particular house. The insulation layer between the inner and outer walls can significantly reduce the volume of the pipe formed in the channel due to the sharp temperature drop of condensate, and such chimneys are very often located outside buildings, which greatly simplifies general construction and installation work.
However, situations are quite common when outdoor installation chimney is impossible, impractical, or simply the owners refuse this approach for reasons of aesthetics of the facade of their house. The way out is obvious - to carry out the installation of a chimney from a sandwich pipes through the roof. True, this method seems to be more complicated, if only because of the need to perform safe and well-insulated penetration through the ceilings and the roof. Nevertheless, nothing is impossible in this.
The use of ordinary metal pipes as chimney ducts is not some kind of novelty - they were used quite widely and earlier, for example, for stoves-stoves or for. This is understandable for the wave - a whole series of advantages before, for example, brickwork:
But at the same time, such a scheme also has pronounced disadvantages , and - so serious that they are able to outweigh all the advantages listed above.
In order to preserve all the advantages mentioned, but at the same time, to minimize the disadvantages of a metal chimney, a system of insulated sandwich pipes was developed. In fact, it is a "pipe in a pipe", separated by a layer of heat-resistant thermal insulation material. An approximate device diagram is shown in the illustration below:
1 - the chimney itself. Special requirements are imposed on it - it must be made of high-quality steel with a pronounced resistance to corrosion, and the pipe must be manufactured only by welded, using argon welding in a protective gas atmosphere (TIG technology). A seam-seam pipe is absolutely unacceptable.
2 - outer metal casing. Most often it is also made of stainless steel. However, there are also budget options- made of galvanized steel. In addition, it is possible to purchase sandwich pipes with an external decorative coating, for example, if it is necessary to maintain the appearance of the facade or the interior design of the premises through which the chimney passes.
3 - thermal insulation layer. As a rule, this function is performed by a heat-resistant mineral wool from basalt fibers, density from 120 to 200 kg / m³. The thickness of the insulation layer can vary - it is selected in accordance with specific conditions: the type and power of the heater, the layout of the chimney, the climatic conditions of the region and other criteria.
4 - pipes are equipped with special elements for fast and reliable installation. In most cases, this is a system of sockets and narrowings, which, when combined, together with the used sealants, form a sealed unit. For greater reliability, additional tightening of these connecting assemblies with clamps is provided. There are other mounting methods, for example, some models provide flange connections with threaded fasteners.
As a result, the chimney structure assembled from such modules acquires new positive qualities:
The choice of accessories for the installation of the chimney must be approached with the utmost responsibility. First of all, since the chimney will be installed indoors, with a passage through the ceiling and roof, the issues of ensuring the complete safety of its operation come to the fore. Well, it is clear that such work is carried out with the expectation of long-term use, and so that after a few years the owners are not disappointed, the purchased components must be of high quality, certified, accompanied by documented manufacturer's warranty obligations.
sandwich chimneys
The choice always comes down to evaluating several criteria:
Let's go through these points one by one.
Such systems for the removal of combustion products are in extremely high demand nowadays. Unfortunately, the increased demand, as, alas, usually happens, is accompanied by the appearance on the market of low-quality products, or generally "without identification marks", or passed off as a particular brand.
It is clear that a self-respecting owner will not buy an obviously low-quality product at obscure retail outlets or from his hands - here there is no need to wait for a quality guarantee at all. But it happens that in large stores no, no, and counterfeit appears. So, special attention is paid to the documentation (and the registration certificate must be mandatory).
It also happens that sellers interested in selling at any cost do not try to draw the attention of consumers to the peculiarities of the metal used for the manufacture of pipes. But stainless steel outwardly looks almost the same, and often an uninformed buyer purchases a product that, in principle, is not suitable for the existing or planned operating conditions of the chimney system.
As a result, a situation becomes very likely when, after installation and, it would seem, several months of perfect operation (or even two or three years, which is also extremely small for such a structure!), The outwardly "beautiful and shiny" chimney suddenly begins to show signs of leakage gases into the room. And this is already a serious signal that not everything is in order with him, and a serious accident is not far off, fraught with a burnout of the inner pipe, which often ends in fire hazardous situations.
The following plate will help you in choosing. Undoubtedly, not all grades of stainless steels are represented in it, but only those that are usually used for the manufacture of sandwich chimneys and are most often found on sale.
| Stainless steel grade according to AISI (USA), EN (EU), DIN (Germany), GOST (Russia) | Brief description and recommendations for use | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AISI | RU | DIN | GOST | |
| AISI 430 | 1.4016 | X6Cr17 | 12X17 | One of the most affordable options. Suitable for use only in non-aggressive conditions. Thermal resistance - low, weak corrosion resistance. Poorly weldable. Suitable only for the outer casing of the chimney. |
| AISI 439 | 1.4510 | X3CrTi17 | 08Х17Т | The difference from the previous brand is the presence of titanium additives, which increases the thermal and anticorrosion resistance of the metal. As a material for the inner pipe of a sandwich chimney, it is permissible to use with heat generators or instantaneous water heaters gas only. |
| AISI 304 | 1.4301 | X5CrNI18-10 | 08X18H10 | This steel has a well-pronounced thermal resistance, but its resistance to acid corrosion is low. It is not used for the inner pipe of the chimney, since corrosion can eat such a pipe literally within a few months, and for the outer lining it is quite suitable. |
| AISI 316 | 1.4401 | X5CrNiMo17-12-2 | 08Х17Н13М2 | Austenitic chrome-nickel-molybdenum steel, resistant to very aggressive flue gas environments, including those with a high sulfuric acid content. Thermal stability is average, therefore it is better to use it for equipment operating on gas, with a maximum temperature of combustion products up to 450 ° C. |
| AISI 316Ti | 1.4571 | X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 | 10Х17Н13М2Т | Steel similar to the previous one, but with much higher heat resistance. Withstands heat loads up to 800 ÷ 850 ºС, that is, chimneys with an inner pipe made of such material can be used with solid fuel equipment. |
| AISI 316L | 1.4435 | X2CrNiMo18-14-3 | 03Х17Н14М2 | In this version, the emphasis is on anti-corrosion and chemical anti-acid resistance, especially in the field of welded joints. True, due to a decrease in the overall thermal resistance, which is limited by a threshold of 425 ºС, when this value is exceeded, the strength properties of steel are sharply reduced. Great option for any gas equipment. |
| AISI 321 | 1.4541 | X6CrNiTi18-10 | 08X18H10T | Steel with high indicators of corrosion resistance and heat resistance. In terms of its parameters, it is a kind of "gold standard" for use in combustion products removal systems. The maximum operating temperature is 800 ºС, that is, it is suitable for equipment with any type of fuel. |
| AISI 310S | 1.4845 | X12CrNi25-21 | 20X23H18 | Heat-resistant stainless steel withstands, without any loss of quality, operating temperatures up to 1000 ºС. It is used for chimneys installed on high power solid fuel pyrolysis boilers. |
Currently, from the countries of Southeast Asia, there is a flow of products made of stainless steel that meets the AISI 201 - 202 standards. This is often presented by sellers as a "step forward" - in the sense that the development of new technologies has ensured the production of steel, which is not inferior in its performance to the same AISI 321, but almost one and a half times cheaper than it.
Experts in the field of metallurgy recommend not to succumb to such tricks - replacing expensive nickel with additions of nitrogen, manganese and copper leads to instability of the crystal structure of the material, a high risk of cracking, and very low corrosion resistance. So this "step forward" is just a product designed for mass production, and which can be attributed to high-quality stainless steels only with a large degree of convention.
A few words about pipe wall thickness.
- with the diameter of the inner pipe in the range from 130 to 450 mm - the thickness of its walls is 0.5 mm;
- with a diameter of 500 mm - 0.6 mm.
- with a diameter above 500 mm - 0.8 mm.
- with a diameter of up to 450 mm - 0.5 mm;
- with a diameter of 500 mm and more - 0.6 mm.
If you look at the assortment of accessories for sandwich chimneys supplied for sale, you will immediately see that they are offered in a fairly wide range of inner pipe diameters - from 110 to 300 mm. How to make a choice?
The diameter of the "mono" -section (it will be discussed below) and the entire inner pipe of the sandwich-chimney must be such that all combustion products are guaranteed to be removed, normal draft is provided and, at the same time, the heat does not literally escape "into pipe ", that is, a certain optimal gas flow rate was created and maintained. For heating appliances this speed is considered to be equal to two meters per second.
The easiest way is to decide on furnaces, factory-made boilers - they always have an outlet pipe of a certain diameter, calculated by specialists specifically for this model. This parameter, in addition, must be prescribed in the passport of a heating or water heater.
The rule is simple - the diameter of the inner pipe of the sandwich chimney under no circumstances and in any of the sections should not be less than the standard factory pipe. There are no restrictions on increasing the diameter, but it hardly makes any sense.
It is more difficult when, for example, a sandwich chimney is mounted on a brick oven. In this case, you can proceed as follows.
| Estimated maximum thermal power of a solid fuel furnace: | kw | up to 3.5 | 3.6 ÷ 5.2 | 5.3 ÷ 7.0 |
| kcal / hour | up to 3000 | 3000 ÷ 4500 | 4500 ÷ 6000 | |
| Minimum cross-section of a rectangular chimney | 140 × 140 mm | 140 × 200 mm | 140 × 270 mm | |
| Square cross section chimney | 19600 mm² | 28000 mm² | 37800 mm² | |
| The minimum diameter of the inner channel of the sandwich pipe | 158 mm | 189 mm | 220 mm | |
For such a calculation, there is a formula:
d = √ (2 × Mt × Vsp × (1 + Tv / 273) / (3600 × π))
In the formula, alphabetic symbols indicate:
d- diameter of the inner channel of the sandwich chimney, in millimeters.
Mt- average consumption solid fuel per hour, in kilograms. It can be determined by dividing the mass of the fuel tab by the time it completely burns out.
Vood- specific volume of generated combustion products, cubic meters per kilogram - tabular value determined for the main types of fuel.
Yours- temperature of the gas flow at the exit from the chimney, degrees. you can take a tabular value (see below).
π - known mathematical constant, ≈ 3.14
Table of required values for different types solid fuel.
| Solid fuel type | Average specific calorific value of fuel, kcal / kg | Average specific volume of combustion products from combustion of 1 kg of fuel, m³ / kg | Optimum temperature at the exit from the chimney, ° С |
|---|---|---|---|
| Firewood with an average humidity level not higher than 25% | 3300 | 10 | 150 |
| Pellets, wood fuel briquettes | 5100 | 9 | 150 |
| Peat lumpy or loose, air-dried, humidity not higher than 30% | 3000 | 10 | 130 |
| Peat in briquettes | 4000 | 11 | 130 |
| Brown coal | 4700 | 12 | 120 |
| Coal | 6500 | 17 | 110 |
| Anthracite | 7000 | 17 | 110 |
Not everyone likes to do independent calculations, so below is a calculator, which already contains all the necessary ratios and tabular data. The calculation process will be reduced to just entering a few values.
A modern home is a complex system that cannot fully function offline. One way or another, various communications must be connected to the house, and some of these connections are made through the roof. In order to ensure the aesthetics and tightness of the roof at the points of entry of pipes, ventilation, antennas, etc., it is necessary to choose the right roof penetrations.
Folding the stove is not easy, but when it comes to arranging the correct passage of the chimney through the roof, it is an equally important procedure. Fire safety, as well as the waterproofing of the stove and attic floor, depends on how correctly the work will be carried out. An improperly installed system for removing gases that are released during the combustion of fuel can cause fire! Also, these gases are hazardous to health and life a person, their accumulation under the roof of residential premises creates a dangerous layer, which, reaching a critical mass, can cause irreparable damage to human health and even death!
Chimney passage through a tiled roof
The consequences of poorly done work to seal the chimney when it exits through the roof can be as follows:
Such a picture can occur in a pipe with poorly sealed gaps around it. To avoid such a problem, the installation of the pipe outlet through the roof must be carried out carefully and competently.
When starting this process, you need to know and follow the established rules. SNiP 41-03-01-2003... Chimney installation work will be required in the following cases:
The optimal location of the chimney on the roof is 1.5m from the ridge
Experienced stove-makers advise placing the pipe outlet closer to the highest point of the ridge-roof, and it should rise above it by at least half a meter. This is convenient in that less snow will collect in the area above the pipe, which, when it melts, reduces the risk of swelling.
If the pipe head is located lower along the roof slope, it must also be raised above the covering at least half a meter.
It should be noted that the type of chimney and its decoration are very important in carrying out this process, since there are several options for decorating this unit, which is important for the whole house. Removing the head has different designs, and depends on the shape and material from which the chimney is made, the place of its exit and size. Chimneys can be made of metal, brick, asbestos cement or ceramic. For each type of pipe, the passage is arranged in a certain way.
The design of brick pipes led out through the roof has its own type of installation. The plastered pipe head is sealed in a completely different way, and the ceramic or metal chimney has several methods of sealing joints between it and the roof.
The roof material also plays an important role in the design of the joints around the chimney.
For different types roofing materials, it is easy to find a special element that will help make the chimney waterproofing more reliable. The main thing is to choose the correct slope of this element. It is very important that the pipe is located in the opening of the roof so that the distance between it and the roof, as well as the rafters, is at least 5-7 cm. These slots are filled with non-flammable insulating material, for example, asbestos.
For withdrawal round pipe, which can be made of metal or ceramic, you need to properly make a hole in the roof. Around the hole, from the inside of the roof, it is recommended to fix a metal sheet or a specially made metal panel with a hole for the pipe. If necessary, you need to add additional bars to the crate for their fastening.
The roof can have different slopes, and they will determine which insulation element, called roof penetration, should be chosen for waterproofing. In hardware stores big choice various auxiliary elements designed specifically for this procedure, of different shapes and diameters.
A pipe led out through a sloped roof will accordingly require a special slope of penetration. Also, we can say that its choice will depend on the material that the roof is covered with. This is taken into account in order to achieve the best sealing effect.
The roof penetration is a pyramid consisting of several steps. The pyramid is located on a flexible square or round flange. The entire element is made of silicone or resistant types of rubber, although sometimes one of its parts can be made of aluminum. Due to the elasticity of these materials, the tunnel fits well with any roof, and does not react to the effects of wind or snow.
The positive characteristics of such products include:
Since penetrations are produced in different sizes, they must be correctly selected according to the diameter of the chimney and the slope of the roof. The dimensions are indicated on the body of the element itself.
Installation of this waterproofing element is quite simple:
Installation process is simple and straightforward
After waterproofing - attached to the roof with self-tapping screws
The presented photos clearly show the process of installing waterproofing.
Another option for waterproofing a metal pipe can be a metal penetration, which is also sold ready-made. It has excellent characteristics, but it can only be installed on a roof that does not have a relief pattern, for example, a soft one. Another prerequisite for tight fitting of the flange to the roof is the perfectly matched angle of the element to the roof slope.
A brick chimney is almost always square or rectangular. Passing through the attic, he is led to the roof. Further, a hole is made in the roof, which should be formed from the inside with a metal sheet with a hole made in the middle in the shape of a pipe. Through this window, the head is displayed on the roof surface. This option is convenient when removing the chimney through a frequent lathing in the roof, for example, when a soft roof is arranged.
If the batten is installed at a certain distance (for example, a slate roof), it is good if the pipe runs between the rafters. But it also happens that the pipe rests against one of the beams supporting the roof, or they are too far from the pipe walls. In this case, it is necessary to arrange additional parts of the rafter-beam system, which will allow fixing the heat-resistant insulation and waterproofing around the chimney.
When square tube is carried out through the roof, the seams around it are sealed with non-combustible materials, and a casing penetration made of metal cut in a special way is installed on top.
The illustration shows a four-piece apron that can be easily assembled. Such a penetration is arranged under the roof covering, and the roofing material is laid on top of it. The slots formed in the area of abutment of the metal to the pipe and when connected to the roof are sealed with a sealant.
If the sealing is carried out on top of the roofing material, then it is made with a layer of soft waterproofing, consisting of a special tape, which is made on the basis of aluminum and lead. It is well fixed with a sealant on any flat surface or having a certain relief.
On the pipe itself, soft waterproofing is also planted on a sealant, and fixed with special metal strips. The photo clearly shows the design of such protection.
Separately, I would like to say about the passage of the pipe through tiled roof... Manufacturers have thought of a special element that repeats the relief pattern of the tile, and has a hole arranged for the pipe. A pipe made of the same material is also selected to it.
These roof tiles are made of highly resistant plastics. They are available in the same colors as the tiles, and you can always find the right shade to suit a particular building. But such plastic roof parts are installed only for ventilation outlets, since they are unlikely to withstand high temperatures that accompany the smoke coming from any stove.
It is impossible on the scale of one publication both to cover all the options for conducting chimneys through the roof, and to tell about all the important tricks in these works. But, there are points that are extremely necessary to know.
In order to secure wooden floors and other combustible materials, special boxes are built around the chimney of any shape.
The pipe is placed in a special refractory box
This option is very convenient for roofs covered with slate, tiles or other materials that have a volumetric pattern, as well as for soft roofs. The box is built flush with the crate, on which it is laid roof covering... It must have a certain thickness in order to reliably protect the entire layer of the lathing and the vapor barrier and insulation installed on it from possible overheating and fire. It is not bad if there is also a distance of about 5-7 cm between the chimney and fire-resistant materials.
In any case, if you have never dealt with such types of work, you should not risk it. The best option would be to invite a master who has performed this process more than once. He will quickly cope with the task and will not spoil general form roofs.
