At the moment, there is an opinion in society that safe and stable work in a bathhouse depends solely on how correct the installation of the coaxial chimney is and where it goes outside. The truth is, in fact, the removal of waste harmful to the human body through a special coaxial chimney is of great importance. Coaxial - "jointly along the axis". Its main advantage is that for the operation of the boiler, air is taken not from the boiler room at all, but from outside. Such a chimney differs from others in that it carries out two very important functions... First, it removes flue gases outside. Secondly, it supplies oxygen to the boiler, which is necessary for its operation. Its structure is somewhat similar to a sandwich - "a pipe in a pipe", but cold air enters through the outer one, and only hot combustion products rise through the inner pipe.
And the "burning out" of oxygen in the room is also bad because in such a situation the oven door gets smoked, the fuel does not burn completely, and a lot of soot collects in the chimney. Do you want to get rid of all this? Then let's figure out together how the installation of a coaxial chimney in a bath is done independently.
Here's what these chimneys are good for:
Another advantage of the coaxial chimney: the incoming cold air perfectly keeps the walls from too much overheating.
But what certainly may not please you - this is the risk of freezing a pipe of too small diameter. This happens due to the fact that when leaving the chimney, the temperature of the flue gases is already very low - after all, it simultaneously heats the inner pipe. Therefore, the formation of condensate for coaxial chimneys is the norm. But only when outside temperature about -15 degrees, which for Russian Federation it is quite normal, the pipe is capable of freezing with all the sad consequences.
There is even an opinion that coaxial chimneys are absolutely not suitable for cold Russian winters - they were originally designed for the latitudes of southern countries. Therefore, they freeze over. But some experts believe that such freezing is just the result of improper design of such a chimney, and nothing more. Nevertheless, the bottom line is the same: burners, turbocharging and a galvanized chamber break down rather quickly due to icing and freezing, and it is very expensive to repair them.
Nevertheless, as a rule, models freeze up, in which, in pursuit of too high efficiency, the temperature flue gas reaches almost the dew point. For this, the diameter of the coaxial chimney is reduced to a minimum. For various southern continents, this practically does not change anything, although in the cold Russian winter with its not at all the lowest temperature of -15 ° C, the chimney freezes almost until the boiler stops. Manufacturers generally answer this question like this: "We have not tested the system at such temperatures." Thus, it is worth remembering that the narrower the coaxial chimney pipe, the less it is adapted to winter. Take note of this.
Coaxial chimneys, among other things, they do not tolerate power outages and voltage drops quite well.
There is no chimney universal for a bath. It is selected depending on the fuel used, the isolation of the boiler room, the power of the boiler, as well as the thickness of the walls. However, the arrangement of coaxial chimneys for different stoves is identical.
Coaxial boiler pipes are usually made of plastic or aluminum. And those, and those are quite high quality. Only when buying should you pay attention: inside such a chimney there are special jumpers that prevent two different pipes from touching.
But it is not advisable to design a coaxial chimney on your own. Although its design seems to be quite simple, any mistake can be quite expensive in the future. The literacy of its design in the Russian Federation is determined by special standards and laws. Understanding them is not easy at all. It is much better to buy a ready-made and high-quality chimney with all the necessary certificates for the steam room.
Distinguish between horizontal and vertical (for low-temperature hinged boilers) coaxial chimneys. From this and you need to build on when buying them.
Install such a chimney in all gas boilers, and which have closed combustion chambers.
So, here's what you will definitely need to install a coaxial chimney:
It is necessary to install such a chimney at the smallest distance from the wall to the boiler, and from this zone it is necessary to completely remove all materials and objects that are too afraid high temperature... It is also important to accurately determine the point to which the chimney will be brought out into the street - it is desirable that it is approximately one and a half meters higher than the exit of the chimney from the boiler. The hole should be made with a diameter of 110-125 mm - absolutely exactly along the pipe. Thus, the requirements for the location of such a chimney are much less stringent than for the usual one.
It is best to run a coaxial chimney through the log walls of the bath through a sleeve made of a special asbestos-cement pipe, then clog corded asbestos around the chimney - it is fireproof and quite practical. If, for some reason, the boiler is located far from the wall, then in this case it is necessary to increase the length of the chimney - the maximum is 3 meters. To do this, additionally purchase connecting elbows, and then stretch the places where the coaxial chimney is built with a crimp clamp.
After installing the chimney, you need to close the hole in the wall with a decorative cover exactly to the diameter of the pipe. Use liquid nails or construction glue for this. The hole from the street, as a rule, is foamed so that air does not enter the boiler room from the outside and does not create condensation or drafts.
It is also worth saying that the coaxial chimney does not have to pass through the wall at all - today the schemes of various collective chimneys are quite successfully implemented.
Installation standards for a coaxial chimney:
And the last thing: when there is a gas pipe under the coaxial chimney, then the distance between them should be at least 20 cm. And the distance from the corner of the building in this case is no longer regulated - as you can, install it.
The main advantage of a coaxial chimney is considered by most to be the absence of the need to equip auxiliary ventilation in the boiler room, but experienced stove-makers are absolutely sure that it is necessary. Such ventilation, at least, will definitely not be superfluous.
A modern autonomous heating system consists of many elements. Its composition may vary depending on the type of coolant or on the method of heating it. When heating the coolant in piping systems or in heat exchangers with an open flame, heating furnaces can be used that operate on different types fuel. Regardless of the material of combustion - the heating boiler must provide for a system for removing combustion products, or a chimney. Such a structure can also be built different ways... So if there is gas system heating good elections there will be a coaxial chimney, for gas boilers they are:
The very concept of "coaxial" provides for the placement of one cylinder inside another cylinder. Thus, a coaxial chimney system for gas boilers is one pipe that is placed inside another pipe. Thus, the system will have two circuits created from a pipe of larger and smaller diameters. So that the distance between the large and small pipes remains the same along their entire length, they are fixed with jumpers that prevent the walls of the pipelines from touching.
The main area of use for coaxial chimneys is heating systems with gas fired boilers equipped with closed furnaces for fuel combustion. It can be represented by a gas boiler, convector or radiator. The two circuits of the coaxial chimney perform different functions:
In order to ensure efficient draft and uniform combustion of gas - boilers with closed combustion chambers must be equipped with coaxial chimney systems of length not exceeding 2 meters... Otherwise, vortices will form along the pipe, which will impede the free removal of combustion products and the flow of fresh air.
The short length of coaxial flue systems dictates a strict framework for their placement. The most common installation method is straight through the wall to the outside. More rarely, during installation, the passage of coaxial chimney systems through ceilings or through the roof is observed. The most effective coaxial chimney pipe works if it has a strictly horizontal arrangement. In the event that the gas heating boiler is located in an inconvenient place for such a conclusion, it is possible to draw a conclusion through the roof using the vertical sections of the structure.
The standard construction of a coaxial chimney for gas boilers consists of the following main parts:
Straight pipes - from which the channel of the chimney system is formed
Connecting elements (tee or swivel section) are designed to connect straight sections and connect the chimney directly to a gas boiler. Cleaning section, designed for regular routine maintenance,
Place for collecting water condensate - the products of gas combustion carry water vapor, which, as it cools, can accumulate on the walls. To prevent it from entering the combustion chamber, such a section is formed.
The upper outer section of the chimney is designed to protect the internal circuits of the chimney coaxial chimney system from the effects of atmospheric conditions: snow or rain, as well as to protect from the wind.
Industrial production of elements of coaxial chimneys for gas heating boilers is carried out from many materials:
Stainless steel pipes. This is perhaps the most long-lived material, but such equipment has an increased price.
Galvanized steel pipes - these devices are sold cheaper, but they are more susceptible to corrosion.
In addition, various sections of the chimney, as well as external and internal pipelines can be made from the most different materials, up to high-strength polymers.
The most important advantage of placing a coaxial chimney for a gas heating boiler is the fact that fresh air is drawn from outside the room to maintain combustion in the firebox continuously. In this case, you will not experience discomfort due to the burning of oxygen in the room, and you will not encounter excessive dryness of the air. The use of coaxial chimneys will avoid frequent ventilation of the room in which the gas boiler is located. This is especially important in cold weather, because when you ventilate through the windows, you cool the air in the rooms, and for reheating, an increased consumption of heat carriers and energy is required.
In addition, the air supplied along the contour of the coaxial chimney heats up when moving from the street into the combustion chamber, which facilitates the combustion reaction and increases the efficiency of your gas boiler... With a constant supply of fresh air heated to room temperature, the gas in the furnace of your boiler is completely burnt, significantly increasing the efficiency of the entire heating system.
It should be noted that complete combustion fuel also increases environmental friendliness heating system- you do not pollute the surrounding air with unburned elements.
Also, the combustion products, when passing along the exhaust circuit, give up part of their heat to the fresh air supplied from the outside. This reduces the risk of fires inside the pipe in areas where unburned particles accumulate. The coaxial pipe has a significantly lower outer surface temperature than a classic chimney, which reduces fire safety requirements to its installation. Thus, coaxial pipes (with appropriate insulation, of course) can be run through wooden walls or ceilings, which is impossible for a conventional steel chimney. A gas heating system with a coaxial chimney creates a completely closed fuel combustion loop, in which oxygen for constant combustion is taken from the street air and combustion products are removed there. This creates a comfortable atmosphere in the room where the gas heating boiler is located. This is important, since gas water heating boilers are often located in residential areas such as kitchens.
Wide range of
The selection of a coaxial chimney is possible for almost any gas heating system, regardless of its capacity: pipes of various diameters and made of various materials are available for sale. The installation of such a system is relatively simple and can be easily performed even by an untrained specialist.
Please note that improper construction or installation of a coaxial chimney system can negate all its benefits. For correct installation follow the step by step instructions:
At low negative temperatures on the street, some sections of the coaxial chimney may well freeze through, which negatively affects its effective work... In order to avoid negative aspects, such areas must be insulated. It would seem that this is a reasonable decision, but the very construction of a "pipe in a pipe" negates any insulation. " Instead, the best solution would be to reduce the cross section of the chimney system. In the event that freezing is observed on the chimney head, try to make the inner pipe of the system shorter. In this case, freezing of the condensate can be avoided. V extreme cases the installation of two separate steel pipes is practiced, one of which takes in air, and the other removes the combustion products.
Today we will consider in detail the coaxial chimney outlet from a gas boiler, what is its main feature and why should it not be used for solid fuel boilers? This and not only will be discussed further. In addition, we will consider important aspects when choosing chimneys, what are the varieties and their main differences. In addition, attention will be paid to the connection diagram, as well as the choice the best option installation of the installation, taking into account the personal characteristics of the structure.
Dealing with the question of what a coaxial chimney is only at first glance is simple, but in fact it is a rather complicated design in terms of technology. However, having certain knowledge and rules of installation and installation, you can carry out its installation yourself, the main condition is to adhere to accepted norms and rules.
In simple terms, a coaxial chimney for a gas boiler is a "pipe in a pipe". Often, such devices are used in closed chambers, heat heaters, and the like. Main feature a similar design is its technical ease of assembly, because each element is a separate puzzle, which is assembled from several composite blocks. The parts are inserted into each other and held there, due to the jumpers provided in advance by the manufacturer, the so-called "blind" locks. They do not allow parts to interact directly, there are no jolts, movement, parts slipping.
As already mentioned, the coaxial chimney device consists of two pipes. That is, before us are classic double pipes, between the walls of which there is a space of several centimeters. If we take the middle pipe, then its inner planes are used to remove hot gases, but a gap of several centimeters (gap) is used to take in fresh air. For technical reasons, this is necessary for the burner itself to function reliably. Thus, the incoming air is already hot, due to heating against the walls of the outlet pipe. Thus, no additional waste is required for heating the incoming air.
The coaxial chimney consists of two pipes
The most interesting thing is that this design can significantly reduce fire hazard... After all, the outgoing air simultaneously heats up the cold, and at the same time cools down itself. Often, the output of such chimneys is provided immediately behind the wall from the boiler.
A similar device plays important role also in the process of combustion. We have already found out that the air initially comes in heated, which means that the heat transfer coefficient increases. In addition, such designs allow the boiler to be completely sealed, thereby preventing gases from entering the building. In simple terms, the boiler is completely localized.
In addition, you can even completely isolate the outlet part, with the help of an air gap, it will make it possible to avoid serious overheating of the wall and the floors in general. This is especially important for buildings made of wood materials or subject to fire.
By the way, due to the cooling of the exhaust gases, the total thrust is noticeably improved.
There are not so many types of such pipes, however, it is necessary to talk about them, because they are divided into several classifications. The first of them is divided into insulated and not insulated.
The first option is more suitable for Russian conditions, it is often used in northern latitudes, central Russia, Siberia and Far East... The second, not insulated, are in demand in the southern regions, where temperature marks rarely fall for a long time to minus values.
In addition, chimneys differ in installation options:
Depending on the installation option, you need to adhere to certain rules prescribed in the instructions. But, for all types of channels, there are some General characteristics and the rules:
Now let's take a closer look at what advantages a gas boiler equipped with similar types of channels has:
Flaws:
One of the disadvantages of chimneys is its icing in winter.
In this section, we'll break down two of the most popular installation options. So, the first option is to install a vertical coaxial chimney in wooden house, according to
SNiPs, the following features of the scheme should be taken into account:
It is allowed to lead the channel even through an adjacent room, but it must be borne in mind that the horizontal length of the coaxial chimney, in this case, should not exceed 3 meters (with natural draft). No more than 5 meters with forced draft.
Install a coaxial chimney for a wall-mounted gas boiler and in a "lying" position. There are some design features of a coaxial chimney:
Also, remember the important aspects, do not use a jointing and sealing compound. To do this, use only special rubber gaskets. Also pay attention to the fact that it is forbidden to use homemade adapters to connect to the boiler. The elements of the coaxial chimney must comply with the manufacturer's standards.
Gas boilers with a coaxial channel, a chimney imply certain installation features, which we will give below. So, a coaxial chimney for a gas boiler, installation rules:
For each channel, the manufacturer always supplies individual instructions. Be sure to pay attention to this, if possible compare it with the current requirements of the current SNiPs and rules. In case of disagreement, the most stringent of them should be guided.
In conclusion, I would like to add that such chimneys do an excellent job of maintaining the atmosphere inside the room in perfect condition, without the penetration of exhaust gases, due to a closed combustion chamber. Every year, the owners of suburban housing, which is just being built or has already been built for a long time, pay their attention to such systems as the most optimal and safe.
Related articles:
Due to the increasing demand for small-sized heating gas installations it became necessary to develop new design solutions for the removal of combustion products. The coaxial pipe became such a system.
Products are used mainly for gas boilers. The pipe allows:
The use of coaxial systems is indicated in the fume extraction for heat generators with closed and open combustion chambers. Such generators can be the following devices:
Coaxial gas pipes have a number of advantages among analogs. Products not only provide safe work heat generator, but also eliminates the burning of oxygen in the room, since the double-circuit system simultaneously removes the combustion products and provides a passage for fresh air from the outside.
Target benefits of products:
The main cons:
Different manufacturers, relying on the listed design features, manufacture systems with different performance characteristics... This is how coaxial heat generators of European and Korean brands are distinguished.
Korean-made gas installations are more in demand, as they are most adapted to gas pressure drops.
Advantages:
The disadvantage of Korean installations is the complexity of the repair. If any spare parts fail, it is impossible to replace them with analogues from other manufacturers. Only "native" details.
The boilers of the Nevien company have the most positive reviews. Especially the Atmo system series. The advantages are written down:
Baxi is the leader among European companies. The company provides savings and flow installations in 70 countries of the world.
The features of Baxi boilers are:
An important advantage of European systems is the ability to replace parts from different manufacturers.
The mechanism of the device performs two functions at once (double-circuit) and involves several types of directions:
The coaxial chimney kit includes various parts that differ in the characteristics of the manufacturers and the type of direction. But it is customary to define the following elements in the standard set:
Additional elements of the coaxial system:
The main raw material for the manufacture of coaxial pipes is steel. Distinctive feature material grades are considered:
The mechanism of the coaxial chimney consists of a two-circuit system that simultaneously separates two gas streams:
A pipe with a smaller diameter is considered to be the central channel for combustion products; accordingly, atmospheric air enters between the gaps. The same distance between products is maintained along the entire line (line), which is fixed with jumpers.
Defines various coaxial pipe formats. But the main criterion is to recognize the size of the tip of the product:
Extension pipes and connecting elements are made taking into account the above parameters.
Before starting the installation, the priority is to choose the location. The structure must be installed together with the boiler.
Consider these parameters:
Safety measures should also be taken into account:
The installation of the chimney vertically or at an angle is used if it is not possible to bring the pipes directly through the wall or the required distance is not observed:
Installation of the unit in the horizontal direction is used if there is a circulation system in the boiler:
There is a problem of freezing of the coaxial pipe. But in solving the issue, the usual insulation is not provided, because the chimney is subject to high temperatures.
To eliminate the problem, simply shorten the length of the chimney. If the outlet on the pipe side freezes, then it is also reduced. But at the moment, manufacturers have provided chimneys that prevent freezing of the annular parts of the pipe. This is due to the materials used in the manufacturing process, as well as technical characteristics.
Yulia Petrichenko, expert
Coaxial pipes are safe and effective method removal of combustion products. The chimney allows you to install a wall or floor heat generator, without large financial costs excluding re-equipment of the premises. Environmental friendliness and high efficiency rates have been noted by various specialists.
The onset of winter always raises the question of the need for the correct organization of the heating system before a person.
Everyone needs to warm up, no one wants to live in a cold apartment and freeze. Gas boilers heat the premises most efficiently. They heat up quickly, keep the temperature quite well, and the cost of operating such equipment will certainly be within everyone's reach.
Let's not forget about the functionality of the boilers. A good unit is capable not only of heating the room itself, its power will be enough for heating water for domestic needs. But here another question comes to the fore - how to remove the combustion products from the boiler outside the building and do it as efficiently as possible? You will find out now.
Content of the article
The gas boiler has many advantages over the same electrical appliances... But there are also disadvantages. The disadvantages primarily relate to the removal of combustion products from the boiler.
Be that as it may, but electricity does not leave waste after itself, but after the operation of the gas boiler, a large amount of carbon dioxide is formed and carbon monoxide, it is simply necessary to remove it in a timely manner.
To eliminate carbon monoxide waste is used. Chimneys are different. Meet the usual steel pipes, ceramic, brick pipes etc. Their installation and features depend on the specific type, the type of house, the place of output to the outside and many other things.
However, ordinary chimneys have their drawbacks. They are quickly forgotten, the draft inside the boiler decreases. If you do not clean it in a timely manner, the problem is only exacerbated.
The chimney can become clogged, completely blocking the operation of the gas boiler. As a result, it will either not function, or it will throw out combustion products inside the room, which, of course, is also unacceptable.
Plus an ordinary chimney, although an effective piece, has its design flaws. For example, the smoke outlet and the air supply go through the same pipe. In most cases, this is not a problem, but there are exceptions.
For example, if the chimney is even a little clogged, in this case the flow of incoming air will greatly decrease, which will immediately affect the draft inside the gas boiler, and this will accordingly reduce its efficiency. You will have to burn more fuel to get the same result. Not the most pleasant action, is it?
but similar situations can be bypassed. Modern technology has long learned to create truly effective designs, free from the problems of the past.
The coaxial pipe is just one such design. A coaxial pipe is called a pipe that consists of two main parts. Two shells that function in pairs.
The inner shell of the pipe has a smaller diameter. Its standard size is approximately 60 mm. A pipe with a diameter of 60 mm is considered basic, but there are other, larger samples.
Pipes less than 60 mm are not suitable for coaxial chimneys, their cross-section is too small to remove smoke and combustion products in sufficient quantities.
Also, when interacting with a pipe less than 60 mm in diameter, the chance of clogging it by sediments greatly increases, although it is significantly reduced for coaxial products compared to conventional chimneys.
The second pipe will be larger. Its diameter is approximately 100 mm, provided that the inner has a diameter of 60 mm. That is, the size ratio falls on the level of 1 to 1.5.
The task of the pipe with a diameter of 100 mm is to organize a constant supply of fresh air to the boiler. It also drains condensate, which accumulates on outer walls inner pipe... It should be understood that a 100/60 mm pipe is only one of the options, and there are a great many of them.
The pipes are attached to each other with clamps and various kinds of supports. Due to their design, they do not come into contact with each other, which is very important.
Actually, such a solution is called coaxial because of the biaxial design mechanism embedded in it.
The use of coaxial pipes together with the construction of gas boilers gives an amazing result. This design has enough advantages with a surplus.
Let's list the main ones:
As you can see, this solution provides a lot of positive results. The efficiency of a gas boiler is increased due to several factors at once. First of all, due to the constant and uninterrupted air flow through the outer pipe with a diameter of 100 mm.
Condensate also accumulates in it; it does not have access to the insides of a smaller part of the 60 mm diameter chimney. From here comes another important advantage.
Cleaning coaxial chimneys is greatly simplified in terms of the application of physical effort, since condensate with oxidations inside often causes the formation of solid deposits on its walls.
In this case, the condensate itself dries out, due to the same reverse draft. Moreover, this process takes place quickly, without extra costs.
Accordingly, a well thought-out design has a positive effect on all aspects of heating equipment.
Are there any disadvantages to coaxial designs? Of course have. All equipment without exception has them.
The main cons:
As we noted above, the installation and installation of coaxial pipes for a gas boiler is different from what we are used to seeing. The special design of the coaxial taps adds requirements that seriously complicate installation.
Now you need to think not only about how to lay a pipe along the simplest scheme... And this is not so easy, especially if the withdrawal is supposed to be organized from an apartment in an apartment building.
It is also necessary to comply with all the requirements, ignoring which is fraught with serious complications in the future.
Before considering the entire installation from start to finish, let's turn to these very requirements. They are very important and for good reason.
Basic requirements for the installation of coaxial pipes with dimensions of 100/60 mm:
All these requirements must be strictly observed. This is especially true of items that are responsible for the direct location of the pipes.
Mounting at an angle of 3 degrees is required for safe and uninterrupted drainage of condensate from the pipe. If the angle is violated, the condensate will flow slowly, stop drying out, and this is already fraught with serious problems.
Consider the installation of a pipe using an example of installation under a Baksi boiler. In fact, you can choose any boiler, they almost always have an identical design.
As a working coaxial chimney, we will take the 100/60 mm pipe, the most common in our area. Where 100 mm is the diameter of the outer pipe for the formation of traction, and 60 mm is the diameter of the inner pipe that directly removes the combustion products.
Stages of work:
As you can see, there is nothing complicated in this process.
Try to fasten all parts of the pipes as well as possible. The better the joints are, the fewer problems will appear in the future.
Add fittings to the structure as needed, but only where they are really needed. For every three meters of pipe, a maximum of 3 fittings or two elbows are allowed. But this is a borderline mark. It is desirable to reduce their number to the minimum.
Make sure that the axes of the outer and inner tubes are parallel to each other and never misaligned. Displacement, of course, can occur, but only over time. In the process of installation, everything should be perfect.
