Each owner of the house at the heating device faces important issues. What kind of radiator to choose? How to calculate the number of radiator sections? If the house is building professional employees for you, they will help correctly perform calculations so that the distribution of heating batteries in the building is rational. However, this procedure can be carried out on your own. You need for this formula you will find below in the article.
To date, there are such types of heating batteries: bimetallic, steel, aluminum and cast iron. Also, radiators are divided into panel, sectional, convectable, tubular, as well as design radiators. Their choice depends on the coolant, the technical capabilities of the heating system and the financial capabilities of the owner of the house. How to calculate the number of radiator sections on the room? It does not depend on the type, only one indicator is taken into account - radiator power.
In order for the heating system in the room work efficiently and in winter it was warm and comfortable, such methods of calculations are thoroughly used for this:
How to calculate the number of radiator sections to the apartment or at home? The calculation is carried out for each room separately. According to the standard, the thermal power on the 1m 3 volume of the room having one door, the window and the outer wall is considered to be 41 W.
If the house or apartment is "cold", with thin walls, have many windows, in the house there is no apartment on the first or last floor, then for their heating it is necessary to 47 W on 1M 3, and not 41 watts. For home built from modern materials Using different insulation for walls, floors, ceilings having metal-plastic windows. You can take 30 W.
To replace pig-iron radiators, there is the easiest method of calculation: you need to multiply their number to the resulting number - the power of new devices. By purchasing aluminum or bimetallic batteries for replacement, the calculation is carried out in the ratio: one cast iron edge to one aluminum.
In the passport on the product, the manufacturer indicates the specific power, which makes it possible to calculate the proper number of sections. Do not forget that the power of the individual section affects the heat transfer, and not the size of the radiator. Therefore, placement and establishment in a room of several small devices is more efficient than the establishment of one large. The incoming heat from different sides will be evenly warming it.
How to calculate the number of radiator sections if all the necessary data is recorded? For this, the area is determined, calculating the different widths and the heights of the room in meters. Using the formula S \u003d L x W, calculate the joint area if they have unlocked openings or arches.
Next, we carry out the calculation of the common batteries (p \u003d s x 100), using a power of 100 W for heating one m 2. Then the proper number of sections (n \u200b\u200b\u003d p / pc) is calculated by dividing the total thermal power to the heat transfer of one section designated in the passport.
Depending on the location of the room, the calculation of the required number of branches of the bimetallic device is made taking into account the correction coefficients: 1.3 - for the corner; Using the coefficient of 1.1 - for the first and last floors; 1,2 - apply for two windows; 1.5 - three or more windows.
Calculation of the battery sections in the end room, located on the first floor of the house and having 2 windows. Dimensions of the room 5 x 5 m. The heat transfer of one section of 190 W.
We hope that the information described in the article will tell how to calculate the number of radiator sections for the house. To do this, use the formulas and draw a relatively accurate calculation. It is important to choose the power to select the power of the section that is suitable for your heating system.
If you independently calculate the required amount of dwelling batteries, you are not able to seek help from specialists. They fulfill a competent calculation, given all the factors affecting the efficiency of the installed heating devices, which will ensure heat in the house in the cold period.
If you decide to completely change the batteries in your home and are going to provide a really warm atmosphere in winter, you need to learn how to correctly calculate the number of sections of the bimetallic radiator. Any errors in choosing the correct size and the number of batteries can ultimately lead to the fact that the room will constantly be cold or, on the contrary, heat.
In particular, it is worth noting several advantages of such radiators.
All this made relatively young bimetallic radiators with the most popular heating option.
However, as you know, the only drawback this option Heating is the cost of bimetallic radiatorsbecause they are an order of magnitude more expensive than their analogues. That is why it is important to know how to calculate the number of sections. Bimetallic radiators should be installed in the desired amount not to overpay for unnecessary equipment.
It is quite natural that experts who have extensive experience in this field can be most effectively and optimally calculated, so it is best to use the services of specialists. Professional calculation of the number of sections of bimetallic heating radiators is as accurate as possible and provides an opportunity to optimally determine how many devices need to be used not only in each individual room, but also in any types of objects.
Professional calculation method takes into account the huge number of different parameters, including:
All this allows you to achieve maximum accuracy of the calculations.
If you want to spend completely independent calculation What exact number of sections is needed, then in this case there is a fairly simple and affordable method that allows you to carry out the calculation.
First, you should decide on which you are going to buy bimetallic heating radiators. Calculation on the area will allow you to further decide on their number.
The norm is initially selected, indicating the necessary thermal power, which each m 2 requires. Thus, it is necessary to initially correctly determine the amount of W, which will be required to heat 1 m 2 in your room with a standard ceiling height.
For rooms with the only window and only one outdoor wall It may take about 100 W in order to ensure normal heating of each m 2.
If a single window is present in the room, but at once two walls come out (for example, the angular room), then in this case, in order to ensure normal heating of each m 2, it will be necessary to install radiators with a power of 120 W. All this is also reliably exclusively when the ceiling with a height of up to 2.7m will be present in the room;
If the room is distinguished by the fully standard height of the ceilings, but at the same time it has 2 windows and 2 outer walls, then in this case it will be necessary about 130 W in order to damn each M 2.
Multiplying such values \u200b\u200bon the full area of \u200b\u200byour room, you can calculate how much it is that you need a kW heat from the heating radiator installed.
Measure the area is quite simple - the width of the room is multiplied by its length. It is worth noting that if your room is a rather complicated perimeter, then in this case, more coarse measurements can also be carried out, but the error should always be interpreted in the most side.
You should also decide on the height of each section of the bimetallic radiator so that it approaches its installation. At the same time, if you have high ceilings or an enlarged area of \u200b\u200bthe window, then in this case you should also multiply the value you received to the correction factor to understand in which setting bimetallic radiators. How many sections of the bimetallic radiator are, thus, we consider somewhat differently.
In order to determine how many sections of the radiator are needed for you, it is necessary to have a power that, in accordance with the calculated calculations, is required for the heating of your room, divide into the power that the sections of the model have to taste. Often the power of the section is mandatory indicated in the passport of each device, therefore, it is not difficult to find out how much kW in the bimetallic radiator. In extreme cases, you can see the power on the Internet.
As already known, the power required for the normal heating of each m 2 is approximately 100-120 W. In order to determine the battery power for your room, you can multiply its area by 100, and then divided into the power that each section of the bimetallic battery you have selected. The resulting number and will be the number of radiator sections you need.
Separately, it should be said that certain models of modern radiators may have such a number of sections that are multiple two, and some devices do not provide adjustment capabilities and have a strictly fixed number of sections.
In such a situation, you should choose the battery with the most approximate number of sections, but necessarily their quantity must be more calculated, because it is better to make the room a little longer than the whole winter to heal.
30*100/200 = 15.
That is, for heating of this room, you must install a radiator with 15 sections. The use of this formula is relevant for ordinary rooms that have the height of ceilings no more than three meters, as well as only one doorway, window and wall, outgoing outside buildings. In the event that the calculation of the number of bimetallic heating radiators is carried out for non-standard premises, that is, those that are on the end or in the corner of the building, it will be necessary to multiply the resulting number on the coefficient.
In other words, if the room under consideration in the above example had 2 outer walls and 2 windows, it would be necessary to produce further calculation as 15 * 1.2 \u003d 18. That is, in this situation it would be necessary to establish three radiator, each of which has 6 sections.
For example, you can take a standard room having an area of \u200b\u200b20 m 2 and the height of the ceilings 2.7 m. Thus, the volume of such a room will be 20 * 2.7 \u003d 54, that is, the volume of the room will be 54 m 3. For normal heating of this room, it will be necessary to provide 54 * 40 \u003d 2160 W, that is, if, again, take a radiator with a power of 200 W, then 2160/200 \u003d 10.8 will be required. In other words, for normal heating of such a room, you will need to install 11 sections of this radiator.
It is worth noting the fact that the majority of companies carrying out the implementation of radiators are provided on their sites sufficiently comfortable and simple calculators. All calculations with such programs are carried out completely in automatic mode, and on the screen will eventually displayed already comparative characteristics and the cost of a specific variant of heating batteries.
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Thanks to the equipment that regularly appears in the construction market, to choose for their home or other household items is not a lot of work. It also applies to heating devices whose popularity is particularly increasing with the onset of cold weather. At the same time, an increasing number of hosts prefers with bimetallic samples of such equipment that are characterized by high technical characteristics and reliability.
But in order for all installation work to be held without any problems, it is important to take into account many parameters, such as the thermal power of bimetallic heating radiators, the size of bimetallic heating radiators, etc. Installation of these elements will not be able to perform without competent calculation, so it is necessary to consider in more detail. How to calculate the number of sections of the bimetallic heating radiator in such a way that the equipment worked securely and at the same time economically (read also: ""). It is about that next and will be discussed.
The main advantages of such products are the following:
All these advantages contribute to the fact that these heating machines Received wide popularity among consumers and today are hardly the most common heating devices.
Arguing on the topic of installation of such equipment, as the battery of heating, bimetallic calculation must be held taking into account the following factors:
Initially, you need to decide on exactly which bimetallic batteries are planned to be installed. After performing the calculation on the area of \u200b\u200bthe room, it will be possible to obtain information on how many products will need to be purchased.
It will be necessary to choose the necessary standard that regulates the required power for 1 m² of the room. This means that it will be necessary to decide how long energy will be able to heat the section in 1 m² at a given overlap height.
If the room has only one window and is equipped with one wall, then approximately 100 W energy for high-quality heating may be required.
It also happens that the height of the overlap indoors does not coincide with the standard, and the room has two windows and two outer walls. In this case, the power of one section of the bimetallic radiator should not be less than 130 W so that each m² of the room is good.
As you know, the area of \u200b\u200bthe room is calculated by multiplying its length to the width. But in the event that the form of the room is non-standard and calculate its perimeter is quite difficult, then some error can be allowed in the calculations, but the result obtained should be rounded into the biggest.
When considering such equipment as heating radiators, the bimetallic dimensions of the section also play an important role, since its height should approach the installation site of these batteries (read: ").
Check out the video about the benefits of bimetallic radiators:
This means that for high-quality and complete heating of the room with such parameters, you will need to use a radiator having 15 sections. And you should not forget that such a calculation option will be relevant only for rooms with a standard ceiling height, that is, no more than three meters, as well as with one window and one outer wall.
To show it on a specific example, you can take a room with two outgoing walls and two windows. Then the calculations will occur as follows: 15 * 1,2 \u003d 18, where 1.2 is the necessary coefficient. That is, for such a room, the most correct solution will be the installation of three bimetallic radiators equipped with six sections.
Many suppliers of this heating equipment On their sites provide very simple and understandable calculation programs, with which you can make all the calculations, only entering the data required for this. As a result, the program will calculate the desired amount of equipment and compare the cost of certain samples of heaters (more: "").
The main task of any heating battery is the heating of the room. For these reasons, heat transfer is the main parameter that is worth considering when buying. For each model of heating devices, heat transfer values \u200b\u200bare different, including for bimetal. This parameter affects the volume and number of sections.
So, what power of 1 section of bimetallic heating radiators? Knowing the value, you can correctly calculate the desired size of the device.
Definition of heat transfer comes down to a pair simple words - This is the amount of heat released by the radiator for a certain time. Radiator power, thermal power, thermal flow - the designation of one concept and is measured in watts. For 1 section of the bimetallic radiator, this number is equal to 200 W.
Some documents encounter heat transfer values \u200b\u200bcalculated in calories in 1 hour. To avoid confusion, calories are easily translated into watts using the simplest calculations (1 W \u003d 859.8 kal / h).
Heat from the battery heats the room as a result of three processes:
Each model of heating devices uses all types of heating, but in different proportions. For example, those batteries transmitting to the surrounding space from 25% of thermal energy are considered to be the radiator. But now the term "radiator" began to call any heating device regardless of the main heating method.
Bimetallic radiators due to inserts made of steel compactly aluminum, cast-iron, steel models. To some extent it is not bad, the smaller the size section, the smaller the heat carrier is required for heating, which means that the battery is more economical in the expenditure of heat. However, too narrow pipes are quickly clogged with garbage and trash, which are inevitable satellites in modern thermal networks.
W. good models Bimetal radiators The thickness of steel cores inside as the walls of the usual water pipe. The capacity of the sections depends on the heat transfer of the battery, and the mid-scene distance directly affects the tank parameters:
From the given data it follows that the radiators from the bimetal requires a small amount of heat carrier. For example, a heating device out of ten sections 35 cm high and 80 cm in width accommodates only 1.6 liters. Despite this, the power of the heat flux is enough to warm the air in a room with an area of \u200b\u200b14 square meters. m. It is worth considering that the battery of this size is almost twice as large as aluminum analogs - 14 kg.
The overwhelming majority of bimetal batteries can be purchased in specialized stores for one section and collect the radiator exactly such dimensions that the room requires. This is convenient, although there are whole models with a fixed number of sections (usually not more than 14 pieces). Each part has four holes: two input and two weekends. Their sizes can be varied from the heating device model. So that the radiators from the bimetal can make it easier to collect, two holes are made with the right thread, and two - with the left.
The heat transfer of bimetallic heating devices is indicated in the supasport. Based on this data, all the necessary calculations are made. In cases where the value of heat transfer in the documents is not specified, this data can be viewed on the manufacturer's official sites or use when calculated by averaged value. For each individual room, its calculation should be carried out.
To calculate the desired number of sections from the bimetal, you need to take into account several factors. The parameters of heat transfer from the bimetal is slightly higher than that of the cast iron (taking into account the same operating conditions. For example, let the temperature of the coolant be 90 ° C, then the power of one section from the bimetal - 200 W, from the cast iron - 180 W).
If you are going to change the cast-iron radiator on bimetallic, then with the same dimensions, the new battery will be heard a little better than the old one. And this is good. It should be borne in mind that over time the heat transfer will be slightly smaller due to the occurrence of blockages inside the pipes. Batteries are littered with sediments that appear due to metal contacts with water.
Therefore, if you still decide to replace, then calmly take the same number of sections. Sometimes batteries are installed with a small margin in one or two sections. This is done to avoid the loss of heat transfer due to clogging. But if you acquire the battery for a new room, do not do without calculations.
The heat transfer of radiators depends on the volume of the room, which must be heated. The greater the room, the more sections it will be necessary. Therefore, the easiest calculation is on the square area.
For plumbing there are special norms, strictly regulated SNiP. Batteries are no exception. For buildings in a lane with a temperate climate, the standard power of heating is 100 watts per square meter of the room. Having considered the area of \u200b\u200bthe room, multiplying the width for the length, it is necessary to multiply the value obtained by 100. So it turns out the overall heat transfer of the battery. It remains only to divide it on the parameters of the heat transfer of the bimetal.
For room 3x4 m. Counting will look like this:
K \u003d 3x4x100 / 200 \u003d 6 pcs.
The formula is limited, but it allows you to calculate only an approximate number of sections from the bimetal. These calculations are not taken into account important parameters as:
Calculations of the heat transfer of the battery for the volume of the room a little more complicated. To do this, you need to know the width, length and height of the room, as well as the standards of heating set for one m 3 - 41 W.
Which heat transfer must have bimetallic radiators for the room 3x4 m. Taking into account the height of the ceilings in 2.7 m: V \u003d 3x4x2.7 \u003d 32.4 m 3.
Having obtained the volume, it is easy to calculate the heat transfer of the battery: p \u003d 32.4x41 \u003d 1328.4 W.
As a result, the number of sections (taking into account the thermal battery power during high-temperature mode 200 W) will be: K \u003d 1328.4 / 200 \u003d 6.64 pcs.
The resulting number, if it is not integer, is always rounded into the biggest. Based on more accurate calculations, you will need 7 sections, not 6.
Despite the same values \u200b\u200bin the supasport, the actual heat transfer of radiators may differ depending on the operating conditions. Considering that the above formulas are accurate only for houses with average insulation indicators and for localities with temperate climates, under other conditions it is necessary to introduce amendments to calculations.
For this, the value obtained during the calculation is further multiplied by the ratio:
Important! The last coefficient in the calculation of bimetallic radiators is extremely rare, because such heating devices almost do not put in private houses due to the high cost.
The thermal return values \u200b\u200bfor radiators are listed in the vehocport or on the manufacturers sites. They are suitable for specific parameters of heating systems. The thermal pressure of the system is an important characteristic that cannot be ignored during the necessary computing. Typically, the value of heat transfer 1 of the section is given for heat outroot 60 ° C, which corresponds to the high-temperature mode of the heating system with a water temperature of 90 ° C. Such parameters are now found in old houses. For new buildings are already used more modern technologies, in which high thermal pressure is no longer required. Its value for the heating system is 30 and 50 ° C.
Because of the different values \u200b\u200bof thermal pressure in the technical support and in fact, it is necessary to recalculate the power of the sections. In most cases, it turns out to be the stated. The heat transfer value is multiplied by the real meaning of thermal pressure and divide on what is indicated in the documents.
The recoil parameters of one section of the bimetallic heating battery directly affect its dimensions and the ability to heat the room. Make accurate calculations, not knowing the bimetal heat transfer values, is impossible.
Bimetallic heating radiator
Bimetal radiators, consisting of steel and aluminum parts, are most often acquired as a substitute for the failed cast-iron batteries. Outdated models of heating devices cannot cope with their main task - good heating of the room. To buy from buying, you need to do right calculations Sections of bimetallic heating radiators along the apartment area. How to do it? There are several ways.
Before entering the replacement of old batteries to new radiators, you need to produce correct calculations. All calculations are carried out on the basis of such considerations:
From all the written above, one conclusion can be made - the number of sections in a new bimetallic radiator should be no less than that of the cast iron. In practice, it usually happens that it is possible to install the battery more literally for 1-2 sections - this is a necessary stock that will not be superfluous, given the latter list given above.
It does not matter whether you decided to establish radiators in a completely new apartment, or change the old ones remaining from Soviet times, you need to calculate the sections of the bimetallic heating batteries. So, what are the computing methods exist to choose the battery of the desired power? Taking into account the size of the apartment, calculations are made taking into account either square, or volume. The last option is more accurate, but everything is in order.
Plumbing standards operating throughout Russia are identified minimum values Power of heating devices from the calculation of 1 square meter of dwelling. This value is 100 W (in the conditions of the middle strip of Russia).
The calculation of bimetallic heating radiators per square meter of the room is very simple. Measure the roulette room along length and width and multiply the resulting values. The resulting number multiply 100 W and divide the heat transfer value for one section.
For example, take room 3x4 m, this is a small room, and very powerful heaters will not need. Here is the estimated formula: K \u003d 3x4x100 / 200 \u003d 6. In the given example, the heat transfer 1 of the battery section is taken in 200 W.
Cultures of sections will be more accurate if you consider all three measurements in the calculations - length, width and height of the room, simply speaking, you need to calculate the volume. The calculation is carried out according to a similar algorithm, as in the previous case, but the basis should take other values. Sanitary standards installed for heating on 1 cubic meter - 41 watts.
The number received as a result of the calculations is not a whole, so it must be rounded into the biggest side - 7 pcs. By comparing the value it is easy to detect that the last method is more accurate and more efficient to calculate the battery sections in the area.
A more accurate calculation will require one of the unknown walls. This is especially true of angular rooms. Suppose the room has parameters: height - 2.5 m, width - 3 m, length - 6 m.
The object of calculation in this case is the outer wall. Calculations are made according to the formula: F \u003d a * h.
Q \u003d 7.5x2,5x (18 + (- 21)) \u003d 56.25. The resulting result folds with the other values \u200b\u200bof heat loss: QBC. \u003d QOT + QOn + QDVER. The final number obtained during the calculations is simply divided into an indicator of the thermal power of one section.
Formula: QC. / NECTION \u003d Number of battery sections.
All of the above formulas are accurate only for the middle strip of the Russian Federation and internal premises with the averaged insulation indicators. In reality, absolutely identical rooms do not exist to obtain the most accurate calculation, it is necessary to take into account the correction coefficients to which the result obtained by the formulas should be multiplied:
For country house The result obtained during the calculation is additionally multiplied by the coefficient of 1.5 - the attic is taken into account without heating and outer walls Buildings. However, bimetal batteries are more often installed in apartment housesthan in private due to high costs, especially compared with batteries made of aluminum.
Another parameter cannot be discounted, conducting calculations about radiators. In the applied instruments, the battery power values \u200b\u200bare indicated depending on the type of heating system. Choosing heating batteries, take into account the thermal pressure - roughly speaking, it temperature mode The coolant supplied to the system heating house.
In the heating documents, the power is often encountered for pressure at 60 ° C, this value corresponds to the high-temperature heating mode - 90 ° C (water temperature supplied to the pipes). Such is true for old houses with systems that have been acting in soviet times. In modern new buildings, heating technologies of a different plan and for full heating are no longer required high temperatures Heat carrier in pipes. The thermal pressure in new homes is significantly lower than - 30 and 50 ° C.
To calculate Bimetallic heating radiators for an apartment, you need to produce simple calculations: Power-calculated in the previous formulas multiply to the value of the actual heat pressure and divide the resulting number to the value specified in the serviceport. As a rule, with such calculations, the effective power of radiators is reduced.
Consider this when calculating - in all formulas, substitute the value of the effective power that corresponds to the real thermal pressure in the heating system of your home.
Conducting calculations, follow the simple, but important rule - it is better to make a mistake in a little more, than because of errors in the calculations to endure the cold. Russian winters are unpredictable and can be recorded even in the middle strip of the country, so a small supply of 10% will not be superfluous. To adjust the heat supply, install two cranes - one on the bypass, and the second for overlapping the coolant feed. Adjusting the cranes, you can control the room temperature.
So, in order to carry out all the necessary calculations and choose a radiator suitable for your dwelling of power, use the above computing formulas, they are simple and fairly accurate. Chief Nuance - The exact value of the real power of your heating system. Spending some time with a calculator in hand, you will avoid mistakes when buying a heating device, and in winter time The comfortable temperature will be constantly maintained in your home.
