During all the post-war years, three women were officially executed in the USSR. Death sentences were imposed on the fairer sex, but not carried out. And then the case was brought to the point of execution. Who were these women, and for what crimes they were still shot. The history of the crimes of Antonina Makarova.
An incident with a surname.
Antonina Makarova was born in 1921 in the Smolensk region, in the village of Malaya Volkovka, in the large peasant family of Makar Parfyonov. She studied at a rural school, and it was there that an episode occurred that influenced her future life. When Tonya came to the first grade, because of shyness, she could not give her last name - Parfyonova. Classmates began to shout "Yes, she is Makarova!", Meaning that Tony's father's name was Makar.
So, with light hand teacher, at that time almost the only literate person in the village, Tonya Makarova appeared in the Parfyonov family.
The girl studied diligently, with diligence. She also had her own revolutionary heroine -
Anka the machine gunner. This film image had a real prototype - the nurse of the Chapaevsk division, Maria Popova, who once really had to replace the killed machine gunner in battle.
After graduating from school, Antonina went to study in Moscow, where she was caught by the beginning of the Great Patriotic War. The girl went to the front as a volunteer.
Camping wife of an entourage.
All the horrors of the infamous Vyazemsky Cauldron fell to the lot of 19-year-old Komsomol member Makarova. After the hardest battles, only soldier Nikolai Fedchuk from the entire unit was next to the young nurse Tonya in complete encirclement. With him, she wandered through the local forests, just trying to survive. They did not look for partisans, did not try to break through to their own - they fed themselves with whatever they had to do, sometimes they stole. The soldier did not stand on ceremony with Tonya, making her his "field wife". Antonina did not resist - she just wanted to live.
In January 1942, they went to the village of Krasny Kolodets, and then Fedchuk admitted that he was married and his family lived nearby. He left Tonya alone. They did not drive Tonya out of the Red Well, but the local residents were already full of worries. And the strange girl did not strive to go to the partisans, did not rush to break through to ours, but strove to twist love with one of the men who remained in the village. Having turned the locals against herself, Tonya was forced to leave.
Salary killer.
Tony Makarova's wanderings ended in the area of the village of Lokot in the Bryansk region. The infamous "Lokotskaya Republic", an administrative-territorial entity of Russian collaborators, operated here. In essence, these were the same German lackeys as in other places, only more clearly formalized.
The police patrol detained Tonya, but the partisan or the underground was not suspected of her. She liked the policemen, who took her to them, gave her drink, fed her and raped her. However, the latter is very relative - the girl, who only wanted to survive, agreed to everything.
Tonya did not play the role of a prostitute under the police for long - once, drunk, she was taken out into the yard and put behind the Maxim machine gun. There were people in front of the machine gun - men, women, old people, children. She was ordered to shoot. For Tony, who took not only nursing courses, but also machine gunners, this was not a big deal. True, a drunk woman did not really understand what she was doing. But, nevertheless, she coped with the task.
The next day, Makarova learned that she was now an official - an executioner with a salary of 30 German marks and with her own bunk. The Lokot Republic mercilessly fought against the enemies of the new order - partisans, underground fighters, communists, other unreliable elements, as well as members of their families. Those arrested were herded into a barn, which served as a prison, and in the morning they were taken out to be shot.
The cell accommodated 27 people, and all of them had to be eliminated in order to make room for new ones. Neither the Germans nor even the local police wanted to take on this work. And then Tonya, who appeared out of nowhere with her shooting abilities, came in very handy.
The girl did not lose her mind, but on the contrary, felt that her dream had come true. And let Anka shoot enemies, and she shoots women and children - the war will write off everything! But her life is finally getting better.
1,500 lives lost.
Antonina Makarova's daily routine was as follows: in the morning, shooting 27 people with a machine gun, finishing off survivors with a pistol, cleaning weapons, in the evening schnapps and dancing in a German club, and at night love with some cute German or, at worst, with a policeman.
As an incentive, she was allowed to take the belongings of those killed. So Tonya acquired a bunch of outfits, which, however, had to be repaired - traces of blood and bullet holes immediately interfered with wearing.
However, sometimes Tonya allowed "marriage" - several children managed to survive, because because of their small stature, the bullets passed over their heads. The children were taken out along with the corpses by the local residents who buried the dead and handed over to the partisans. Rumors about a woman executioner, "Tonka the machine gunner", "Tonka the Muscovite" spread around the area. Local partisans even announced a hunt for the executioner, but they could not get to it.
In total, about 1,500 people became victims of Antonina Makarova.
By the summer of 1943, Tony's life again took a sharp turn - the Red Army moved to the West, starting to liberate the Bryansk region. This did not bode well for the girl, but here she very opportunely fell ill with syphilis, and the Germans sent her to the rear, so that she would not re-infect the valiant sons of Great Germany.
Honored veteran instead of a war criminal.
In the German hospital, however, it also soon became uncomfortable - Soviet troops approached so quickly that only the Germans had time to evacuate, and there was no longer any case for the accomplices.
Realizing this, Tonya fled from the hospital, once again being surrounded, but now Soviet. But her survival skills were honed - she managed to get documents proving that all this time Makarova was a nurse in a Soviet hospital.
Antonina successfully managed to enter the service in a Soviet hospital, where at the beginning of 1945 a young soldier, a real war hero, fell in love with her. The guy made Tonya an offer, she answered with consent, and, having got married, the young people left after the end of the war for the Belarusian city of Lepel, home of her husband.
So the female executioner Antonina Makarova disappeared, and her place was taken by the honored veteran Antonina Ginzburg.
They have been looking for her for thirty years.
Soviet investigators learned about the monstrous deeds of the "Tonka-machine-gunner" immediately after the liberation of the Bryansk region. The remains of about one and a half thousand people were found in mass graves, but only two hundred were identified. They interrogated the witnesses, checked, specified - but they could not attack the trail of the woman-punisher.
Meanwhile, Antonina Ginzburg led an ordinary life. Soviet man- lived, worked, raised two daughters, even met with schoolchildren, talking about her heroic military past. Of course, without mentioning the deeds of "Tonka the machine gunner".
The KGB spent more than three decades looking for her, but found it almost by accident. A certain citizen Parfyonov, going abroad, submitted a questionnaire with information about his relatives. There, among the solid Parfyonovs, for some reason, Antonina Makarova, married to Ginzburg, was listed as her own sister.
Yes, how that teacher's mistake helped Tonya, for how many years thanks to her she remained out of reach of justice!
The KGB operatives worked with jewelry - it was impossible to blame an innocent person for such atrocities. Antonina Ginzburg was checked from all sides, witnesses, even a former policeman-lover, were secretly brought to Lepel. And only after all of them confirmed that Antonina Ginzburg was "Tonka the machine gunner", she was arrested.
She did not deny, talked about everything calmly, said that nightmares did not torment her. She did not want to communicate with her daughters or her husband. And the front-line spouse ran around the authorities, threatened with a complaint to Brezhnev, even at the UN - demanded the release of his wife. Exactly until the investigators decided to tell him what his beloved Tonya is accused of.
After that, the dashing, gallant veteran turned gray and aged overnight. The family disowned Antonina Ginzburg and left Lepel. You cannot wish the enemy what these people had to endure.
Retribution.
Antonina Makarova-Ginzburg was tried in Bryansk in the fall of 1978. This was the last major trial of traitors to the Motherland in the USSR and the only trial of a woman punisher.
Antonina herself was convinced that the punishment could not be too severe due to the years ago, she even believed that she would receive a suspended sentence. She only regretted that because of the shame she had to move again and change jobs. Even the investigators, knowing about the post-war exemplary biography of Antonina Ginzburg, believed that the court would show leniency. Moreover, 1979 was declared the Year of the Woman in the USSR.
However, on November 20, 1978, the court sentenced Antonina Makarova-Ginzburg to capital punishment - execution.
At the trial, her guilt was documented in the murder of 168 people from those whose identities were identified. More than 1300 remained unknown victims of the "Tonka-machine gunner". There are crimes that cannot be forgiven.
At six in the morning on August 11, 1979, after all requests for clemency had been rejected, the sentence against Antonina Makarova-Ginzburg was carried out.
War is a terrible time, and it is very difficult to remain human when the lifeless bodies of comrades are nearby. Only one thought pulsates in the temples: to be able to survive! So from good people with good goals, monsters are born. For terrible deeds, three women were officially executed in the post-war years in the USSR. And everyone assumed that they would be pardoned, but the harshness shown by the weaker sex, no one could ever forget ...
The history of the crimes of Antonina Makarova (1920 - 1979)
And perhaps the fate of Antonina would have turned out differently, but only in the first grade there was an unexpected change of name, which foreshadowed a new round in the girl's life. On the first day at school, due to shyness, she could not give her last name - Parfyonova. Classmates began to shout "Yes, she is Makarova!", Meaning that Tony's father's name was Makar. So she became Antonina Makarova, who already at that time had her own revolutionary heroine - Anka the machine gunner. Even this, years later, does not seem like a strange coincidence, but rather a sign of fate.
Great Patriotic War found Antonina in Moscow, where she went to study after school. The girl could not remain indifferent to the misfortune that happened to her country, so she immediately signed up for the front as a volunteer.
Hoping to help the victims, 19-year-old Komsomol member Makarova experienced all the horrors of the infamous Vyazemsky Cauldron. After the hardest battles, only soldier Nikolai Fedchuk from the entire unit was next to the young nurse Tonya in complete encirclement. With him, she wandered through the local forests, he made her his "field wife", but this is not the worst thing that she had to endure while they were trying to survive.
In January 1942, they went to the village of Krasny Kolodets, and then Fedchuk admitted that he was married and his family lived nearby. He left Tonya alone
Tonya decided to stay in the village, but her desire to start a family with a local man quickly turned everyone against her, so she had to leave. Tony Makarova's wanderings ended in the area of the village of Lokot in the Bryansk region. The infamous "Lokotskaya Republic", an administrative-territorial formation of Russian collaborators, operated here. In essence, these were the same German lackeys as in other places, only more clearly formalized. The police patrol noticed a new girl, detained her, gave her drink, fed her and raped her. Compared to the horrors of war, this did not seem to the girl to be something shameful, then she desperately wanted to live.
In fact, the police immediately spotted the girl, but not for the purpose mentioned above, but for dirtier work. Once a drunken Tonya was put behind the Maxim machine gun. There were people in front of the machine gun - men, women, old people, children. She was ordered to shoot. For Tony, who passed not only nursing courses, but also machine gunners, it was not a big deal, even being very drunk, she coped with the task. Then she did not think why and why, - she was guided by only one thought, which throbbed in her head throughout the war: "Live!"
The next day, Makarova found out that she was now an official - an executioner with a salary of 30 German marks and with her bunk
In the Lokot Republic, they mercilessly fought against the enemies of the new order - partisans, underground fighters, communists, other unreliable elements, as well as members of their families. The shed, which served as a prison, was not designed for a large number of prisoners, so every day those arrested were shot, and new ones were driven in their place. Nobody wanted to take on such work: neither the Germans, nor the local police, so the appearance of a girl who successfully coped with a machine gun was in everyone's hands. And Tonya herself was happy: she did not know who she was killing, for her it was routine work, a daily routine to help you survive.
Antonina Makarova's work schedule looked something like this: shooting in the morning, finishing off survivors with a pistol, cleaning weapons, in the evening schnapps and dancing in a German club, and at night love with some cute German. The girl's life seemed like a dream: there is money, everything is working out, even the wardrobe is regularly updated, even if every time you have to sew up the holes after the killed.
Sometimes the truth Tonya kept the children alive. She fired bullets above their heads, and later local residents took out the children along with the corpses from the village in order to transfer the living to the partisan ranks. Such a scheme may have appeared because Tonya was tormented by her conscience. Rumors about a woman executioner, "Tonka the machine gunner", "Tonka the Muscovite" spread around the area. Local partisans even announced a hunt for the executioner, but they could not get to it. In 1943, the girl's life changed dramatically.
In the photo, a confrontation: the witness identifies Makarova
The Red Army began to liberate the Bryansk region. Antonina realized what awaited her if Soviet soldiers found her and found out what she was doing. The Germans evacuated their own, but they did not care about such accomplices as Tonya. The girl ran away and found herself surrounded, but already in the Soviet. During the time that she was in the German rear, Tonya learned a lot, now she knew how to survive. The girl managed to get documents confirming that all this time Makarova was a nurse in a Soviet hospital. Then there were not enough people, and she managed to get a job in a hospital. There she met a real war hero who fell desperately in love with her. So the female executioner Antonina Makarova disappeared, and her place was taken by the honored veteran Antonina Ginzburg. After the end of the war, the young people left for the Belarusian city of Lepel, home of her husband.
While Antonina was living her new, correct life, the remains of about one and a half thousand people were found in mass graves in the Bryansk region, Soviet investigators took up the investigation seriously, but only 200 people were identified. The KGB was never able to get on the trail of the punitive woman, until one day a certain Parfenov decided to cross the border ... In his documents, Tonya Makarova was listed as his own sister, so the teacher's mistake helped the woman hide from justice for more than 30 years.
The KGB could not accuse a man with an ideal reputation, the wife of a gallant front-line soldier, an exemplary mother of two children, of horrific atrocities, so they began to act very carefully. They brought witnesses to Lepel, even the policemen-lovers, they all recognized Antonina Ginzburg as Tonka the machine-gunner. She was arrested and did not deny.
The front-line husband ran around the authorities, threatening the Brezhnevs and the UN, but exactly until the investigators told him the truth. The family disowned Antonina and left Lepel.
Antonina Makarova-Ginzburg was tried in Bryansk in the fall of 1978
At the trial, Antonina was proven guilty of 168 murders, and more than 1,300 remained unidentified victims. Antonina herself and the investigators were convinced that the punishment could not be too severe after the years had passed, the woman only regretted that she had disgraced herself and would have to change her job, but on November 20, 1978, the court sentenced Antonina Makarova-Ginzburg to capital punishment - execution.
At six in the morning on August 11, 1979, after all requests for clemency had been rejected, the sentence against Antonina Makarova-Ginzburg was carried out.
Berta Borodkina (1927 - 1983)
Berta Borodkina began her career as a waitress in a Gelendzhik public catering company in 1951. She did not even have a secondary education, but she grew first to be a barmaid, then to a manager, and later became the head of a trust of restaurants and canteens. She was not appointed by chance, it was not without the participation of the first secretary of the city committee of the CPSU, Nikolai Pogodin. Borodkina was not afraid of any revisions, from 1974 to 1982 she was assisted by high-ranking officials, she, in turn, took bribes from her subordinates and handed them over to patrons. The total amount was about 15,000 rubles, which was a lot of money at that time. Employees of the Gelendzhik catering service were all imposed "tribute", everyone knew how much money he had to transfer along the chain, as well as what awaits him in case of refusal - the loss of a "grain" position.
The source of illegal income was various machinations that Borodkina put on stream, receiving from this at least 100,000 rubles each, for example: sour cream was diluted with water, bread and cereals were added to minced meat, and the strength of vodka and other alcohol was reduced. But it was considered especially advantageous to mix cheaper "starka" (rye vodka infused with apple or pear leaves) into expensive Armenian cognac. According to the investigator, even an expert examination could not establish that the brandy was diluted. It did not do without the usual short-term calculation, the holiday season became a real habitat for scammers.
They were nicknamed the resort mafia, it was impossible to get into their ranks, everyone else suffered losses, knowing about all the machinations. The Olympus of left incomes was strengthening, tourists were arriving, but not everyone was so hopelessly blind, so complaints about "underfilling" and shortage were regularly reported in the guestbook, but nobody cared. The city committee "roof" in the person of the first secretary, as well as the inspectors of the OBKhSS, the head of the region, Medunov, made it invulnerable to the discontent of the mass consumer.
Borodkina showed a completely different attitude towards high-ranking party and state officials who came to Gelendzhik during the holiday season from Moscow and the Union republics, but here, too, she pursued her own interests first of all - the acquisition of future influential patrons. Among her "friends" can be attributed the secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU Fyodor Kulakov. She provided Borodkina with the highest ranks not only with rare delicacies, but also with young girls, in general, she did everything possible to make the stay of officials comfortable.
Borodkina did not like her name, she wanted to be called Bella, and she was nicknamed "Iron Bella". Lack of education did not prevent her from skillfully hiding the tails of her expenses, writing off shortcomings. All her work was as transparent as possible from the outside. But this could not last forever, even those in power could not cover her for so long, although they earned good money thanks to Bella's machinations.
Most likely, they did not get on the trail of Borodkina by accident, and everything was set up by those very first persons, but Bella was arrested not for fraud, but for distributing pornography. The prosecutor's office received a statement from a local resident that pornographic films were secretly shown to selected guests in one of the cafes. During interrogations, the organizers of the underground screenings admitted that the director of the trust had given her consent, and part of the money from the proceeds went to her. Thus, Borodkina herself was charged with complicity in this offense and receiving a bribe.
During a search in Bella's apartment, they found various precious jewelry, furs, crystal products, sets of then scarce bed linen, in addition, large amounts of dengue were unsuccessfully hidden in different places: batteries, in bricks, etc. The total amount seized during the search was more than 500,000 rubles.
"Iron Bella" kept threatening the investigation and was waiting for release, but the high officials did not intervene ...
In the early 1980s, the Krasnodar Territory began investigating numerous criminal cases related to large-scale manifestations of bribery and embezzlement, which received the generalized name of the Sochi-Krasnodar case. The owner of the Kuban Medunov, a close friend of the General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee Leonid Brezhnev and the Secretary of the Central Committee Konstantin Chernenko, obstructed the work of the investigation, but with the election of KGB chairman Yuri Andropov, the fight against corruption took a completely different turn. Many were shot for embezzlement, and Medunov was simply fired. The head of Gelendzhik's party organization, Pogodin, disappeared. No one could help her anymore, and she began to confess ...
Bella's testimony took 20 volumes, 30 more criminal cases were opened, and she called difficult names. During the investigation, Borodkina tried to feign schizophrenia. But the forensic medical examination found her game talented, and Borodkina was found guilty of repeatedly accepting bribes totaling 561,834 rubles. 89 kopecks
This is how the business of the director of the trust of restaurants and canteens of the city of Gelendzhik, an honored worker of trade and public catering of the RSFSR, Berta Borodkina, who knew too much about high-ranking people and flaunted it, ended. Then she was silent forever.
Tamara Ivanyutina (1941 - 1987)
In 1986, Tamara, using a fake work book, got a job in a school cafeteria in Kiev. She wanted to live well, so she looked for ways to take food home to feed herself and the livestock she kept. Tamara worked as a dishwasher, and began to punish those who, in her opinion, behaved badly, and especially those who made comments to her or suspected of stealing food. Both adults and children fell under her anger. The victims were the school party organizer (died) and the chemistry teacher (survived). They prevented Ivanyutina from stealing food from the catering unit. Students in grades 1 and 5 were also poisoned and asked for leftover pet cutlets, a story that quickly became known.
How did it all come to light? Once 4 people got into intensive care. All were diagnosed with intestinal infection and flu after lunch in the same school cafeteria. All would be fine, but only after a while the patients began to lose their hair, and later death occurred. Investigators interviewed the survivors and quickly established who was involved. During the searches of the workers of the canteen at Tamara's house, Clerici's liquid was found, which was the cause of the death of the visitors. Such a crime, as Tamara Ivanyutina explained, she committed due to the fact that the sixth graders who were dining refused to arrange chairs and tables. She decided to punish them and poisoned them. However, she later stated that the confession was made under pressure from the investigators. She refused to testify.
Everyone knew about Tamara's case at that time. It terrified the visitors of all the canteens of the union. It turned out that not only Tamara, but also all members of her family had used the highly toxic solution for reprisals against unwanted people for 11 years. Serial poisoners went unpunished for a long time.
Tamara began her murderous activity when she realized that you can get rid of a person without attracting attention at all. So she got an apartment from her first husband, who died suddenly. She did not want to kill her second husband, but only poured poison on him to reduce sexual activity. The victims were the husband's parents: Tamara wanted to live on their land plot.
Tamara's sister, Nina Matsibor, used the same liquid to get an apartment from her husband. And the girls' parents killed relatives, neighbors in a communal apartment, animals that did not please them.
At the trial, the family was charged with numerous poisonings, including fatal ones.
The court found that for 11 years, a criminal family, for mercenary reasons, as well as out of personal hostility, committed murders and attempted murders. different persons with the help of the so-called Clerici liquid - a highly toxic solution based on a potent toxic substance - thallium. The total number of victims reached 40 people, 13 of whom were fatal, and these are only recorded cases, about which the investigation was able to find out something. The process dragged on for a year, during which time it was possible to ascribe to Tamara about 20 assassination attempts.
In her last word, Ivanyutina did not admit her guilt for the episodes. While still in jail, she stated: in order to achieve what you want, you do not need to write any complaints. It is necessary to be friends with everyone and treat them. And especially harmful people mix poison. Ivanyutin was found sane and sentenced to death. The accomplices were assigned different terms prisons. So, sister Nina was sentenced to 15 years. Her subsequent fate is unknown. The mother received 13, and the father - 10 years in prison. Parents died in prison.
The dishwasher Tamara Ivanyutina was shot in the Lukyanovskiy jail in Kiev 30 years ago. Read about her crimes and agree with the verdict.
On March 17 and 18, 1987, three sixth-graders, four teachers, a speech therapist, a nurse, a librarian, a driver, a canteen manager at school No. 16 in the Podolsk district of Kiev and a technician who was fixing a refrigerator there were hospitalized. They all complained of weakness and severe joint pain. The original version was a flu epidemic caused by an unknown strain. The doctors went to the police when the patients started to go bald. Before the beginning of May, two adults and two children will die.
It turned out that on the eve of the illness, all the victims remained at the school after the end of the school day. The adults were waiting for the advance. Sixth graders helped to wear new chairs. In the dining room, they were fed the leftovers of lunch: buckwheat soup and fried chicken liver.
They began to figure out who controls the preparation of food. No one. Diet nurse Natalya Kukharenko died two weeks before the events. The diagnosis is cardiovascular insufficiency.
“It’s strange somehow my hands go numb, but I can’t warm my legs. And they also go numb. Joint pains are such that I can't sleep at night ... ”- she said to a colleague before her death.
Kukharenko's body was exhumed. Traces of the toxic metal thallium were found in the remains. A survey of teachers revealed that at the end of 1986, two schoolchildren, a chemistry teacher and a party organizer, were ill with similar symptoms. The children recovered, the chemist lost his hair, the party organizer died.
Maria Sidorchuk and Vasily Yurchenko from the school canteen were taken to intensive care and died a few days later. Screenshot from the program "The investigation was conducted ... with Leonid Kanevsky" / NTV Diet nurse Natalya Kukharenko (left). Screenshot from the program "The investigation was conducted ... with Leonid Kanevsky" / NTV
A search in the canteen yielded nothing, but all employees were suspected. One of the operatives met with the husband of school dishwasher Tamara Ivanyutina. He was just sitting on sick leave. Oleg Ivanyutin complained to a policeman about pain in his legs and baldness. He said that his parents had recently died almost at the same time, leaving the spouses private house with a plot.
“At the funeral of my father, my mother became ill. Tamara brought valocordin and water. After drinking the medicine, the mother staggered, she immediately vomited. She died two days later, ”the operative recounted Ivanyutin's words to the investigator.
During a search in the Ivanyutins' house from a drawer sewing machine The expert "Singer" removed the lubricant bottle. Analysis showed that it contained Clerici solution thallium-based. The fluid is used by geologists to determine the density of minerals.
Kiev school number 16, where Tamara Ivanyutina worked. Photo: Google Maps
Tamara Ivanyutina got a job at the school in September 1986. Since she had a conviction for speculation, she presented a fake work book. The woman dreamed of getting rich and buying a black Volga. She poisoned her first husband for the sake of an apartment. The parents of the second - for the sake of the plot where she began to breed pigs.
Ivanyutina fed the animals with waste from the canteen and killed everyone who interfered. Party organizer and dietitian, because they controlled the write-off of food. Students to distrust school lunches and collect more waste.
On March 17, 1987, Ivanyutina poured thallium into the dining room manager's plate. The soup cooled down and the man poured it back into the cauldron, from which 13 people were then fed. Four did not survive this.
Tamara Ivanyutina. Screenshot from the program "The investigation was conducted ... with Leonid Kanevsky" / NTV
“The worst thing is that the criminals went unpunished for a very long time. Believing in their uniqueness, they are accustomed to revengefully deal with those who stood in their way by splashing a few drops of Clerici liquid into food or a glass of tap water. "
The police found a laboratory assistant of the exploration expedition who had been giving thallium solution to the familiar Maslenko couple for almost 10 years in order to poison the rodents. Friends had daughters - Nina and Tamara (after the second marriage she became Ivanyutina). Both spouses were buried and became the owners of apartments.
Already during the investigation of Tamara Ivanyutina, her parents treated her neighbor with a large pension to pancakes. She turned out to be suspicious and fed the treat to the cat, and after the painful death of the animal she called the police.
It turned out that the parents taught to poison the unwanted Tamara and Nina. Among their victims were a neighbor in a communal apartment who was watching TV at high volume, and a relative who made a comment for a puddle in the toilet.
Investigators were able to prove that the Maslenko-Ivanyutin dynasty was responsible for 40 poisonings, of which 13 were fatal. Tamara committed 9 murders and 20 attempts. A psychiatric examination found all the defendants sane.
Lukyanovskiy SIZO in Kiev. There, under the USSR, death sentences were carried out. Photo: Artemka / CC BY-SA 4.0
The courtroom of the Kiev City Court was packed throughout the entire trial. Acquaintances of the Maslenko family, friends of their victims, teachers and parents of pupils of school №16, journalists came. At the entrance every day there were crowds of people who did not get inside.
The verdict sentenced the 79-year-old head of the family to 13 years in prison, his 77-year-old wife - 10, daughter Nina - 15. A riot almost broke out in the hall, the audience demanded a death sentence.
Tamara was sentenced to death by the court. When Ivanyutina was given the last word, she refused to admit guilt and ask for forgiveness from the relatives of the victims. “My upbringing is wrong,” said the serial killer.
Ivanyutina was shot in the Lukyanovskiy SIZO in Kiev. This was only the third and last execution of a woman by a court verdict in the post-war history of the USSR. Before the serial killer, the Nazi executioner Antonina Makarova and the plunderer of state property Berta Borodkina were executed.
Antonina Makarova (Ginzburg), nicknamed "Tonka the Machine Gunner". During the Second World War, at the direction of the German authorities and Russian collaborators, she shot more than 1,500 people. Found and arrested in 1978, executed in 1979.
In 1987, an unprecedented trial was held in Kiev in the case of a family of serial killers who chose a highly toxic water solution based on thallium compounds. Maria and Anton Maslenko and their daughters - Tamara Ivanyutina and Nina Matsibor - were in the dock. Most of the victims were on the account of 45-year-old Ivanyutina. She became the last woman in the USSR to be sentenced to death by a court.
What was Tamara Ivanyutina like?
The biography of a woman before the start of the process does not differ in any outstanding events. Her maiden name is Maslenko. She was born in 1942 to a family with six children. Parents have always instilled in their offspring that material security, prosperity are the main conditions for a normal life. This is exactly what the serial poisoner Tamara Ivanyutina was striving for.
In the course of investigations into the poisoning case, it turned out that Ivanyutina had already been previously convicted of speculation, and got a job at the school on a fake work book.
Since September 1986, she worked in a cafeteria of one of the schools in Kiev. She was hired as a dishwasher. This work brought her considerable benefits. Tamara Ivanyutina kept a fairly large farm. Working in the cafeteria, she was able to provide her animals with free food, which remained after schoolchildren with poor appetite. To make it even worse, Tamara Ivanyutina periodically added poison to food. She also used poisonous substances against those who, in her opinion, "behaved badly." The victims of Ivanyutina were also those who interfered with stealing food from the school cafeteria, allowed themselves to make comments to her, and in general all those who did not like her for one reason or another.
Poisoning.
The story of Tamara Ivanyutina became known when several workers and students of School 16 of the Podolsk district of Kiev were admitted to the hospital. Doctors diagnosed signs of food poisoning. It happened on March 16 and 17, 1987. At the same time, four (two adults and the same number of children) died almost immediately. There were nine victims in intensive care. Initially, doctors diagnosed an intestinal infection and flu. However, after a while, the patients began to lose hair. For these diseases, this phenomenon is not typical.
Law enforcement agencies quickly established that Ivanyutina Tamara Antonovna was involved in the poisoning. The investigation began as soon as it became known about the death of students and school staff. Criminal proceedings were initiated. The investigation team conducted interrogations of the surviving victims. It was found that they all became ill after eating lunch at the school cafeteria on March 16. At the same time, they all ate liver with buckwheat porridge. Investigators decided to find out who was responsible for the quality of the food at the school. It turned out that nutritionist nurse Natalya Kukharenko died 2 weeks before the proceedings were initiated. According to official figures, the woman died of cardiovascular disease. However, investigators doubted the veracity of this information. As a result, an exhumation was carried out. After research, traces of thallium were found in the tissues of the corpse. Then began searches of everyone who had anything to do with the school cafeteria. The house where the dishwasher of the catering unit Ivanyutina Tamara Antonovna lived was also not ignored.
Arrest.
During the search at the dishwasher in the house, a "small but rather heavy container" was found. Naturally, the investigation team was interested in its contents. The container was confiscated and handed over to experts for examination. As it turned out, it contained Clerici's liquid. It is a highly toxic solution based on thallium (used in a number of branches of geology). Tamara Ivanyutina was taken into custody. First, she submitted a confession, confessed to all the episodes that took place in the school cafeteria. Such a crime, as Tamara Ivanyutina explained, she committed due to the fact that the sixth graders who were dining refused to arrange chairs and tables. She decided to punish them and poisoned them. However, she later stated that the confession was made under pressure from investigators. She refused to testify.
The case of Tamara Ivanyutina became resonant. In the course of further operational measures, new facts emerged. So, the investigation found that not only Ivanyutina herself, but also her family members (parents and sister) for 11 years used a highly toxic solution to deal with people they disliked. At the same time, they committed poisoning both for selfish motives and to eliminate people who were unsympathetic to them for some reason. The family received the Clerici liquid from a friend who was an employee of the Geological Institute. The poisoners explained that they needed thallium to fight rats. The acquaintance herself later admitted that over the course of 15 years, at least 9 times she had passed the toxic solution to Ivanyutina herself, as well as to her parents and sister.
Tamara's criminal activities began with her first husband. She poisoned the man and got his apartment. After the death of her first spouse, Ivanyutin remarried. In the new marriage, her husband's parents became her victims. Father-in-law and mother-in-law died two days apart. The second husband himself received small portions of thallium. So she kept his sexual activity at a low level. In addition, Ivanyutina hoped to get the house and land that belonged to her husband's parents. In September 1986, she became a dishwasher at a local school. In addition to the episodes described above, the school party organizer (died) and the chemistry teacher (survived) became victims. They prevented Ivanyutina from stealing food from the catering unit. Pupils of the 1st and 5th grades were also poisoned, who asked her for the remains of cutlets for pets. These children survived.
The investigation revealed that Nina Matsibor, the elder sister of the main defendant in the case, was also actively involved in criminal activities. In particular, using the same Clerici liquid, she poisoned her husband and received his apartment in Kiev. Spouses Maslenko - parents of Ivanyutina - also committed numerous poisonings. So, a neighbor in a communal apartment and a relative who made a remark to them was killed with a highly toxic liquid. In addition, animals belonging to "unwanted" people also became victims of poisoners. The geography of the family's criminal activities was not limited to Ukraine alone. So, it was proved that a number of poisonings were committed by criminals in the RSFSR. For example, while in Tula, Maslenko Sr. killed his relative. He mixed Clerici liquid into the moonshine.
Court.
It considered the case of 45-year-old Ivanyutina, her older sister Nina Antonovna and their parents - Maria Fedorovna and Anton Mitrofanovich Maslenko. They were charged with numerous poisonings, including fatal ones. The court found that for 11 years the criminal family, for mercenary motives, as well as out of personal hostility, committed murders and attempted murders of various persons with the help of the so-called Clerici liquid - a highly toxic solution based on a potent toxic substance - thallium. According to the deputy chairman of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, who worked during the trial as a senior investigator for especially important crimes in the prosecutor's office of Kiev, the episodes identified refer to the first criminal cases in which such a compound was used, recorded in the USSR. The total number of proven facts is 40. Of that number, 13 were fatal. Most murders (nine) and attempts (20) were personally committed by Tamara Ivanyutina. The process lasted for about a year.
During the investigation, Ivanyutina tried several times to bribe the investigator. She promised a law enforcement officer "a lot of gold." The unusualness of this case in criminal practice is that the main accused was a woman sentenced to death, and the punishment was carried out.
In her last word, Ivanyutina did not admit her guilt for the episodes. While still in jail, she stated: in order to achieve what you want, you do not need to write any complaints. You need to be friends with everyone and treat them. And especially harmful people mix poison. Ivanyutina did not ask for forgiveness from the relatives of the victims, saying that her upbringing did not allow her to do this. She regretted only one thing. Her old dream was to buy a Volga car, but it never came true. Ivanyutin was found sane and sentenced to death. The accomplices were assigned different prison terms. So, sister Nina was sentenced to 15 years. Her subsequent fate is unknown. The mother received 13, and the father - 10 years in prison. Parents died in prison. The year in which Tamara Ivanyutina was shot was 1987.
The history of the crimes of Antonina Makarova (1920 - 1979)
And perhaps the fate of Antonina would have turned out differently, but only in the first grade there was an unexpected change of name, which foreshadowed a new round in the girl's life. On the first day at school, due to shyness, she could not give her last name - Parfyonova. Classmates began to shout "Yes, she is Makarova!", Meaning that Tony's father's name was Makar. So she became Antonina Makarova, who already at that time had her own revolutionary heroine - Anka the machine gunner. Even this, years later, does not seem like a strange coincidence, but rather a sign of fate.
The Great Patriotic War found Antonina in Moscow, where she went to study after school. The girl could not remain indifferent to the misfortune that happened to her country, so she immediately signed up for the front as a volunteer.
Hoping to help the victims, 19-year-old Komsomol member Makarova experienced all the horrors of the infamous Vyazemsky Cauldron. After the hardest battles, only soldier Nikolai Fedchuk from the entire unit was next to the young nurse Tonya in complete encirclement. With him, she wandered through the local forests, he made her his "field wife", but this is not the worst thing that she had to endure while they were trying to survive.
In January 1942, they went to the village of Krasny Kolodets, and then Fedchuk admitted that he was married and his family lived nearby. He left Tonya alone
Tonya decided to stay in the village, but her desire to start a family with a local man quickly turned everyone against her, so she had to leave. Tony Makarova's wanderings ended in the area of the village of Lokot in the Bryansk region. The infamous "Lokotskaya Republic", an administrative-territorial formation of Russian collaborators, operated here. In essence, these were the same German lackeys as in other places, only more clearly formalized. The police patrol noticed a new girl, detained her, gave her drink, fed her and raped her. Compared to the horrors of war, this did not seem to the girl to be something shameful, then she desperately wanted to live.
In fact, the police immediately spotted the girl, but not for the purpose mentioned above, but for dirtier work. Once a drunken Tonya was put behind the Maxim machine gun. There were people in front of the machine gun - men, women, old people, children. She was ordered to shoot. For Tony, who passed not only nursing courses, but also machine gunners, it was not a big deal, even being very drunk, she coped with the task. Then she did not think why and why, - she was guided by only one thought, which throbbed in her head throughout the war: "Live!"
The next day, Makarova found out that she was now an official - an executioner with a salary of 30 German marks and with her bunk
In the Lokot Republic, they mercilessly fought against the enemies of the new order - partisans, underground fighters, communists, other unreliable elements, as well as members of their families. The shed, which served as a prison, was not designed for a large number of prisoners, so every day those arrested were shot, and new ones were driven in their place. Nobody wanted to take on such work: neither the Germans, nor the local police, so the appearance of a girl who successfully coped with a machine gun was in everyone's hands. And Tonya herself was pleased: she did not know who she was killing, for her it was a normal job, a daily routine that helped her to survive.
Antonina Makarova's work schedule looked something like this: shooting in the morning, finishing off survivors with a pistol, cleaning weapons, in the evening schnapps and dancing in a German club, and at night love with some cute German. The girl's life seemed like a dream: there is money, everything is working out, even the wardrobe is regularly updated, even if every time you have to sew up the holes after the killed.
Sometimes the truth Tonya kept the children alive. She fired bullets above their heads, and later local residents took out the children along with the corpses from the village in order to transfer the living to the partisan ranks. Such a scheme may have appeared because Tonya was tormented by her conscience. Rumors about a woman executioner, "Tonka the machine gunner", "Tonka the Muscovite" spread around the area. Local partisans even announced a hunt for the executioner, but they could not get to it. In 1943, the girl's life changed dramatically.
In the photo, a confrontation: the witness identifies Makarova
The Red Army began to liberate the Bryansk region. Antonina realized what awaited her if Soviet soldiers found her and found out what she was doing. The Germans evacuated their own, but they did not care about such accomplices as Tonya. The girl ran away and found herself surrounded, but already in the Soviet. During the time that she was in the German rear, Tonya learned a lot, now she knew how to survive. The girl managed to get documents confirming that all this time Makarova was a nurse in a Soviet hospital. Then there were not enough people, and she managed to get a job in a hospital. There she met a real war hero who fell desperately in love with her. So the female executioner Antonina Makarova disappeared, and her place was taken by the honored veteran Antonina Ginzburg. After the end of the war, the young people left for the Belarusian city of Lepel, home of her husband.
While Antonina was living her new, correct life, the remains of about one and a half thousand people were found in mass graves in the Bryansk region, Soviet investigators took up the investigation seriously, but only 200 people were identified. The KGB was never able to get on the trail of the punitive woman, until one day a certain Parfenov decided to cross the border ... In his documents, Tonya Makarova was listed as his own sister, so the teacher's mistake helped the woman hide from justice for more than 30 years.
The KGB could not accuse a man with an ideal reputation, the wife of a gallant front-line soldier, an exemplary mother of two children, of horrific atrocities, so they began to act very carefully. They brought witnesses to Lepel, even the policemen-lovers, they all recognized Antonina Ginzburg as Tonka the machine-gunner. She was arrested and did not deny.
The front-line husband ran around the authorities, threatening the Brezhnevs and the UN, but exactly until the investigators told him the truth. The family disowned Antonina and left Lepel.
Antonina Makarova-Ginzburg was tried in Bryansk in the fall of 1978
At the trial, Antonina was proven guilty of 168 murders, and more than 1,300 remained unidentified victims. Antonina herself and the investigators were convinced that the punishment could not be too severe after the years had passed, the woman only regretted that she had disgraced herself and would have to change her job, but on November 20, 1978, the court sentenced Antonina Makarova-Ginzburg to capital punishment - execution.
At six in the morning on August 11, 1979, after all requests for clemency had been rejected, the sentence against Antonina Makarova-Ginzburg was carried out.
Berta Borodkina (1927 - 1983)
Berta Borodkina began her career as a waitress in a Gelendzhik public catering company in 1951. She did not even have a secondary education, but she grew first to be a barmaid, then to a manager, and later became the head of a trust of restaurants and canteens. She was not appointed by chance, it was not without the participation of the first secretary of the city committee of the CPSU, Nikolai Pogodin. Borodkina was not afraid of any revisions, from 1974 to 1982 she was assisted by high-ranking officials, she, in turn, took bribes from her subordinates and handed them over to patrons. The total amount was about 15,000 rubles, which was a lot of money at that time. Employees of the Gelendzhik catering service were all imposed "tribute", everyone knew how much money he had to transfer along the chain, as well as what awaits him in case of refusal - the loss of a "grain" position.
The source of illegal income was various machinations that Borodkina put on stream, receiving from this at least 100,000 rubles each, for example: sour cream was diluted with water, bread and cereals were added to minced meat, and the strength of vodka and other alcohol was reduced. But it was considered especially advantageous to mix cheaper "starka" (rye vodka infused with apple or pear leaves) into expensive Armenian cognac. According to the investigator, even an expert examination could not establish that the brandy was diluted. It did not do without the usual short-term calculation, the holiday season became a real habitat for scammers.
They were nicknamed the resort mafia, it was impossible to get into their ranks, everyone else suffered losses, knowing about all the machinations. The Olympus of left incomes was strengthening, tourists were arriving, but not everyone was so hopelessly blind, so complaints about "underfilling" and shortage were regularly reported in the guestbook, but nobody cared. The city committee "roof" in the person of the first secretary, as well as the inspectors of the OBKhSS, the head of the region, Medunov, made it invulnerable to the discontent of the mass consumer.
Borodkina showed a completely different attitude towards high-ranking party and state officials who came to Gelendzhik during the holiday season from Moscow and the Union republics, but here, too, she pursued her own interests first of all - the acquisition of future influential patrons. Among her "friends" can be attributed the secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU Fyodor Kulakov. She provided Borodkina with the highest ranks not only with rare delicacies, but also with young girls, in general, she did everything possible to make the stay of officials comfortable.
Borodkina did not like her name, she wanted to be called Bella, and she was nicknamed "Iron Bella". Lack of education did not prevent her from skillfully hiding the tails of her expenses, writing off shortcomings. All her work was as transparent as possible from the outside. But this could not last forever, even those in power could not cover her for so long, although they earned good money thanks to Bella's machinations.
Most likely, they did not get on the trail of Borodkina by accident, and everything was set up by those very first persons, but Bella was arrested not for fraud, but for distributing pornography. The prosecutor's office received a statement from a local resident that pornographic films were secretly shown to selected guests in one of the cafes. During interrogations, the organizers of the underground screenings admitted that the director of the trust had given her consent, and part of the money from the proceeds went to her. Thus, Borodkina herself was charged with complicity in this offense and receiving a bribe.
During a search in Bella's apartment, they found various precious jewelry, furs, crystal products, sets of then scarce bed linen, in addition, large amounts of dengue were unsuccessfully hidden in different places: batteries, in bricks, etc. The total amount seized during the search was more than 500,000 rubles.
"Iron Bella" kept threatening the investigation and was waiting for release, but the high officials did not intervene ...
In the early 1980s, the Krasnodar Territory began investigating numerous criminal cases related to large-scale manifestations of bribery and embezzlement, which received the generalized name of the Sochi-Krasnodar case. The owner of the Kuban Medunov, a close friend of the General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee Leonid Brezhnev and the Secretary of the Central Committee Konstantin Chernenko, obstructed the work of the investigation, but with the election of KGB chairman Yuri Andropov, the fight against corruption took a completely different turn. Many were shot for embezzlement, and Medunov was simply fired. The head of Gelendzhik's party organization, Pogodin, disappeared. No one could help her anymore, and she began to confess ...
Bella's testimony took 20 volumes, 30 more criminal cases were opened, and she called difficult names. During the investigation, Borodkina tried to feign schizophrenia. But the forensic medical examination found her game talented, and Borodkina was found guilty of repeatedly accepting bribes totaling 561,834 rubles. 89 kopecks
This is how the business of the director of the trust of restaurants and canteens of the city of Gelendzhik, an honored worker of trade and public catering of the RSFSR, Berta Borodkina, who knew too much about high-ranking people and flaunted it, ended. Then she was silent forever.
Tamara Ivanyutina (1941 - 1987)
In 1986, Tamara, using a fake work book, got a job in a school cafeteria in Kiev. She wanted to live well, so she looked for ways to take food home to feed herself and the livestock she kept. Tamara worked as a dishwasher, and began to punish those who, in her opinion, behaved badly, and especially those who made comments to her or suspected of stealing food. Both adults and children fell under her anger. The victims were the school party organizer (died) and the chemistry teacher (survived). They prevented Ivanyutina from stealing food from the catering unit. Students in grades 1 and 5 were also poisoned and asked for leftover pet cutlets, a story that quickly became known.
How did it all come to light? Once 4 people got into intensive care. All were diagnosed with intestinal infection and flu after lunch in the same school cafeteria. All would be fine, but only after a while the patients began to lose their hair, and later death occurred. Investigators interviewed the survivors and quickly established who was involved. During the searches of the workers of the canteen at Tamara's house, Clerici's liquid was found, which was the cause of the death of the visitors. Such a crime, as Tamara Ivanyutina explained, she committed due to the fact that the sixth graders who were dining refused to arrange chairs and tables. She decided to punish them and poisoned them. However, she later stated that the confession was made under pressure from the investigators. She refused to testify.
Everyone knew about Tamara's case at that time. It terrified the visitors of all the canteens of the union. It turned out that not only Tamara, but also all members of her family had used the highly toxic solution for reprisals against unwanted people for 11 years. Serial poisoners went unpunished for a long time.
Tamara began her murderous activity when she realized that you can get rid of a person without attracting attention at all. So she got an apartment from her first husband, who died suddenly. She did not want to kill her second husband, but only poured poison on him to reduce sexual activity. The victims were the husband's parents: Tamara wanted to live on their land plot.
Tamara's sister, Nina Matsibor, used the same liquid to get an apartment from her husband. And the girls' parents killed relatives, neighbors in a communal apartment, animals that did not please them.
At the trial, the family was charged with numerous poisonings, including fatal ones.
The court found that for 11 years the criminal family, for mercenary motives, as well as out of personal hostility, committed murders and attempted murders of various persons with the help of the so-called Clerici liquid - a highly toxic solution based on a potent toxic substance - thallium. The total number of victims reached 40 people, 13 of whom were fatal, and these are only recorded cases, about which the investigation was able to find out something. The process dragged on for a year, during which time it was possible to ascribe to Tamara about 20 assassination attempts.
In her last word, Ivanyutina did not admit her guilt for the episodes. While still in jail, she stated: in order to achieve what you want, you do not need to write any complaints. You need to be friends with everyone and treat them. And especially harmful people mix poison. Ivanyutin was found sane and sentenced to death. The accomplices were assigned different prison terms. So, sister Nina was sentenced to 15 years. Her subsequent fate is unknown. The mother received 13, and the father - 10 years in prison. Parents died in prison.
