Many it seems that growing potatoes are easy. In fact, to get a good harvest, you need to know how to grow potatoes correctly.
All gardeners know that it is very important.
First you need to choose the place where potatoes will grow. It is important to consider the following: Potatoes does not like moisture.
Therefore, if there is confidence that groundwater flows nearby, it is best to prepare for landing the ridge of the earth about 15 centimeters to increase the distance to the water.
In addition, for planting potatoes you need to choose a sunny place.
The plot where potato landing is planned, it is necessary to overcast since the autumn and easily. And in the spring, in front of the disembarkation itself, switch again.
From how well the land is fertilized to planting potatoes, the amount and quality of the crop depends.
It is very important to give potatoes as many nutrients as he needs for normal growth. But at the same time the motto "The more, the better" does not pass here. The main thing is not to overdo it with subcording into the soil, because the fruit can absorb a large number of nitrates that contain fertilizers, as a result of which he will acquire a loose structure and will quickly rot, so it becomes unsuitable for food and storage.
Especially many nitrates are formed in mineral fertilizers, which are most often used gardeners: in bird and cow dung.
Therefore, a legitarious question arises: what then fertilizes? In fact, it is possible to fertilize manure, but just do not need to use fresh.
Ideally approach the pumping manure or the compost made from it, since it is practically no nitrogen in it.
If there is no possibility to make a compost yourself, then you can make fresh manure in the soil in the fall, and in winter it will reprove and bring only benefits, and not harm.
So that the soil fertilizes well, for each square meter of that area where landing is planned, you need to make one bucket of overwhelmed manure.
Some gardeners have such a large number of fertilizers to feed all the plants on the site. In this case, you can bring them directly to each well in front of the potato disembark itself.
In addition, you need to undermine 50 grams of potash-phosphoric fertilizers under the federal land.
If the potatoes are planted on acidic soils (namely, there is a possibility that he will not grow at all), you must first make the Earth, that is, to make approximately 400 or 500 grams of lime or dolomite flour per square meter.
Separately, it must be said about what is fraught with a large number of even safe fertilizers. Potatoes react to this in a special way: the crop becomes much smaller, and at the same time the fruits themselves will also not be high quality.
Therefore, it is very important not only to choose the fertilizer itself correctly, but also to accurately comply with all dosages to avoid a bad and poor-quality crop.
Methods for increasing the crop potatoes
and getting it 1.5 months before the usual term
The best planting material - potatoes weighing 30-100 g.
In the spring, they are germinated in the light of 30-50 days.
In the last 10 days before landing, it is desirable to order planting potatoes at + 4-6 ° C, bringing it to the cellar.
Large tubers with filamentous sprouts need to be selected (throw away).
It is more convenient to germinate potatoes in the apartment in large open glass jars, but not on the hot sun.
We successfully jump it in plastic bags. Bags can be switched. Dependittically make a hole with a diameter of 1.5 cm with a diameter of 1.5 cm, every 10 cm.
To obtain an early potato, 7-10-day germination in wet peat or sawdust is required.
For early products, it is better to plant large tubers.
Before germination, make in the middle part of the tuber of the ring incision "Harvesting Ring". They stick the knife and rotate the potato around the blade so that the jumper has become minimal - 1-2 cm in diameter.
Before boarding, large tubers are blocked in size. As a result, not only the top kidneys, but all the eyes give strong sprouts.
Bushes are made thick, more powerful.
Before planting, large potatoes are cut not across, but along. Then they dry about a day.
Attention! If the soil is converted, plant cutting potatoes - risky, as it can bend.
The soil is absorbed to a depth of 15-20 cm. The distance between the rows is 60 cm, between the nests of 30-35 cm. 200 g of manure or peat-compost is placed in the well. Fertilizer is satisted by the earth for 2 cm, which is put on the tuber. The sealing depth of 5-7 cm on light soils and 4-5 cm on heavy.
Accelerates the acquisition of early potatoes Grebel landing. In the base of the ridge, where tubers are planted, a favorable water-air mode is created, the temperature rises. Without watering, early potatoes are difficult to grow. It is very useful to pour the soil with a layer of peat crumbs or sawdust in 2-3 cm, to coat with a polyethylene film with holes (the film can be used as transparent and black). The main thing on each square meter must be made 100-200 holes with a diameter of about 1 cm. This film covers the beds immediately after planting, falling asleep edges of the earth. And they remove it after the appearance of complete germs.
Applying these techniques, you can even get early potatoes in mid-July in the middle of July. Since potatoes in this case collected small, then the landing is better to make a thickened.
To get an early harvest, landing leads whole tubers of an early grade, and large, 80-100 g or by Middle 50-60 g.
For an increase in harvest by 10-15% and to increase the starchy potatoes before boarding ashes ashes, pre-dlying on the tubers in the water. By 50 kg of potatoes - 1 kg of ash. Potatoes, planted early, but in the cold soil, gives a harvest higher than the one that is planted later, albeit into the heated soil.
It is possible to protect shoots from frosts if with an unfavorable forecast to close the beds with old newspapers and then film. As soon as the temperature rises above the zero, the film is removed. If freezers are expected at a time when sprouts have already appeared, they need to fall asleep the earth. With warming, the land does not extend.
Caring for the garden begins 5-7 days after landing. The site is harrowing, weeds smeared and break the soil. After a week, processing is repeated.
According to scientific recommendations, potatoes are plunged twice over the summer. For the first time, the sprouts reached 10-12 cm. All inter-row treatments experts recommend to finish before closing the tops. If the soil is too dry - do not plunge.
How to grow in a bag of potatoes
1. The landing is conducted by a square-nesting method at a distance from the socket to the nest 60-70 cm. In places of crossing, the lines of markup are pulled out with a shovel (you can lines). It is for the sizes for himself: in each nest, the bucket of humus is falling asleep, the tuber is put in the middle, the second bucket of humus is mounted.
The nest is filled with a small slide. The first diploma is carried out when the shootings reach a height of 10 cm. Diluted the stems in different directions and are being added to the space between them so much humoring so that the leaves remain outside.
In the same way, as the stalks increase the 2nd and 3rd extracts. If necessary, when the soil compaches, it is exploded. In the dry time, the landing necessarily water, and imperative water heated in the sun.
2. Plot for potatoes are divided into strips with a width of 30 cm with gaps between them by 60-70 cm. For every 3.5 meters, 8-10 kg of humidiation and 500 g of ashes are made. Put out and at the edges, plus from 2 sides make the grooves in a depth of 8 cm. In the first furrow, the potatoes with a chicken egg lay out at a distance of 30 cm from each other, and in the other at the same distance, but retreating from the edge of 15 cm. ( Read more Planning in the figure).
Thus, potatoes in the second furrow is located in a checker order in relation to the first. Ridges fall asleep and start planting the second tier of potatoes. He retreating 15 cm from the beginning of the first furrow, lay the tubers at the same distance of 30 cm from each other, but already on the surface of the soil.
In the second furrow, on the opposite side, the tubers are also located on the surface of the soil, but in a checkerboard. From above, the rows of potatoes fall asleep on a depth of 3 cm of land from the tracks.
So, in each groove, two vertical rows of landing are obtained: one at a depth of 11 cm (8 + 3 cm.) And the second at a depth of 3 cm, and one tuber is shifted relative to another 15 cm. The ridge acquires the shape of a trench with four potato row - Two rows at a depth of 31 cm and two others at a depth of 23 cm. Each of the two rows do not interfere with another, being in the vertical plane.
You can have it on the table in May and even in April, but it is necessary to grow in the previous year. In August, old sprouted potatoes should be attached to a good fertilized land. You can use plots from which the crop of vegetables is removed. Potatoes germinate and even blooms. Over the Grocery you need to arrange a temporary greenhouse to use warm days as long as possible. Before the frost, the tops are cut to the level of soil, otherwise it will freeze and the tubers will begin to rot. Then the garden is covered with a thick of 10-15 cm with a layer of manure or peat and then straw or hay. With large frosts, they fall asleep with a large layer of snow. As soon as spring soil flashes, you can dig out fresh young potatoes.
How from one bush potatoes gather harvest 5 buckets
(Chinese method)
Drop the three pits with a size of 70x70 cm, the depth of half the meter.
At the bottom of the middleside of the reworked manure (humoring), and stirred up the ground with two buckets by humus and also reflect into the pit.
Then put 3 potatoes on the bottom of each pit and pour the ground by 10 cm. As the bush grows, sleep the ground, water and fertilize the bird litter with diluted water 1:20. (These operations need to be spent six times).
In the fall, you dig the harvest of 5 buckets from each bush. Between the bushs of potatoes grow beautifully: garlic and marigolds - which the Colorado beetle is very afraid. Try this method and you will certainly be with a good potato harvest!
This method is used in two cases: when they want to increase the output of potatoes from the site or have for use for a long time fresh tubers.
Success is ensured with the condition that the site is very early in the spring is released from snow, quickly breathes and warms up, and it makes it possible to start the first landing.
To get two harvest, you need a lot of nutrients, so the soil must be fertile, it is filled with organic fertilizers from the autumn, it is better to rebel Mouth of 6-10 kg / sq. M. You can make a woody ash (ash) and chicken litter of 0.5-1 kg / sq. M. Even scatter 50-60 g of superphosphate and potash salt by 1 sq.m.
In the spring brought 30-40 g / sq.m. Ammonium nitrate. Soot overraid varieties (Pricocean early, Vamas, Vorotinskaya early, forget-me-not, etc.). Particularly prepare tubers before landing. They are definitely germinated, first in the light, and after in a wet medium, soaked in solutions of mineral fertilizers, microfertilizers, spray growth regulators, rushing against phytoophulas. It is planted so early as it allows the state of the soil, according to a diagram 60x25 cm to a depth of 3-4 cm, sprinkled with a humor or peat crumb, coated with a polyethylene film.
When a threat to frosts takes place, the site on the day is disclosed and harrow. When the plants reach a height of 12-15 cm glue them. Periodically every 10-15 days are deeply loosened between the rows.
Collect harvest from the first half of June to July 1. Then the site is thoroughly cleaned from the left residues of the first harvest, the superphosphate 30-40 g / sq.m is made, drip and harrow. During the need, it is poured at the rate of 500 liters of water by 10 sq.m. Last year's planted tubers, prepared in the same way as before the first landing, land in early July (later on July 25, it should not be planted).
Shoots appear quickly. Plants are plunged, protect against the colorado beetle, from phytoophulas, break between the rows. A month after the appearance of germs, you can start selective breakout of tubers. The tubers of the second period of cleaning are characterized by good seed properties, so part of the crop should be left for the landing next year.
This is how it makes a fan-like-amateur V. Yelchaninov from the village of Streletsky, the Astrakhan region.
My garden is small - only two weaves. It is clear that every block of land has to be used with the maximum load to ensure the needs of the family in fresh vegetables and potatoes. I think my experience in the rational use of the site can be useful to other gardens.
I'll tell you how I collect three crop of tubers from each potato bush. At first, starting from March, I tear the landing material, I plant it in an open soil in April.
Mineral fertilizers do not imagine, using only cow manure. I water in the dry time once every 2 weeks.
115 days after the landing, I collect the first harvest from the site (when growing early grades, it can ripen before).
Dropping the tubers very carefully, without damaging the root system. I choose only major copies, and I leave small on the roots, then I deepen the hole and the bush again draw the earth, I blame it and abundantly irrigate.
The bushes after the transplant are usually well sued and even bloom. After 10-15 days, I again dug them and collect the second harvest. Pickle with small tubers leaving in the ground and after 3 weeks I choose all the potatoes.
The above-ground part by this time is already drying out. Thus, I braid from the population annually on 16 buckets of large potatoes and only a bucket of little things.
Dutch potato growing method
In its natural nature, the potato plant has a yield not lower than 200-250 kg from acres.
All other yield depends on the hands of a person. Of course, the task of any potato growing technology is to create the best conditions for its growth and development. And therefore our gardeners are unfossed by the experience of Dutch potatoes.
Although their technology is intended for the production of potatoes on an individual basis (processes are completely fully mechanized), but its individual elements can be successfully used in the conditions of the subsidence.
So, first of all, placing potatoes.
Potato ridges are located from north to south. Pour tubes in well-loose soil: constant oxygen access activates all biochemical processes in the soil. The upper layer is enriched with the necessary nutrients. From it and form ridges covering tubers.
The height of such a crest is 8-10 cm, the width at the base is 30-35 cm. The future vintage tubers is formed in the ridge just above the bottom of the furrow, which subsequently facilitates cleaning. The rest in the aisle is used for the subsequent formation of a more capacious crest when leaving.
On the 14th and 18th day of planting, when most weeds germinate, and the potatoes sprouts approach its surface, conduct the first inter-row processing. Her goal is to destroy the weeds and create the most favorable conditions for the growth and development of plants. A layer of a well-loose land from a broader is embanked to the emerging shoots of potatoes. A ridge of 23-25 \u200b\u200bcm high is formed. The soil should be such as she killed her mole.
In this form, the comb is preserved before cleaning. This is the ideal environment for the growth and development of potatoes. To get a solid harvest increase experienced gardeners Feed plants during bootonization and flowering. For each bush, they consume 3-6 g of superphosphate, 3-4 g of potassium chloride or potassium sulfate, 1-3 g of ammonium nitrate or urea, 5-10 g of wood ash or 20-40 g of peat ash. If there are no mineral bales in stock, potatoes can be filled with a solution of bird litter, consuming 50-80 g per 1 m 2. The litter is poured into the barrel (1/2), filled with water and maintain a few days before the end of fermentation. The resulting liquid is diluted with water at the rate of calculation (1:10).
This solution watered the soil around the plants, spending 1.2-1.3 liters on the bush. In the same way, when filtering the plants of the Navigas, although they dilute it at the rate of 1 part of the clad on 5 parts of the water and spend a little more - 1.5-2 liters on the bush. To combat disease and pests, it is necessary to properly choose the precursors of potatoes.
It can be planted on the garden after cabbage and cucumbers, as well as after carrots and beets, spinach, lettuce, radish, pumpkins, legumes.
It is impossible to place it after tomatoes, peppers, eggplants, as it threatens the infection with the phytoofluoro.
* Best way i don't know *
Tips for specialists
A few years ago I read about the Dutch method of growing potatoes and decided to try, although the homemade was not supported very much.
I started with three rows.
Happened. The following year, my homework gave consent to half the garden for planting potatoes, and later I began to plant the whole area in this way.
The result is excellent. Winning in everything, from landing (including earth processing) before cleaning.
First, I spend less time that it is very important for a rural resident in the spring.
And processing also does not require much time and costs. But I must say that for this you need to have special tools of labor that can be made by a master person yourself. I have been using homemade implements for 5 years.
So, growing potatoes by the Dutch way, I did aisle 75 cm, and 70 cm. However, I soon realized that the wider aisle, the easier the processing and higher harvest.
The depth of the tuber seal is 6 cm. The fact is that later it is necessary to build the ridge of the earth from the rod. And to take the Earth, it is necessary to make a minimum of 70 cm. Now I do 90 cm.
But who does not have it, it is possible to build a ripper (hoe) with one, and then on the other side.
The higher and wider the comb, the greater the potato harvest.
I make the height of the crest from 25 to 30 cm, to clean it is a pleasure, the tubers are large, with the coppe, do not damage, do not cut, easily dig up the shovel, the cost of time is minimal. This method is especially good on raw and very moistened soils.
Potato weaving Ushakova
The basis of increasing yields is the three operations performed at the same time, writes Vladimir Petrovich Ushakov.
The first is the dumping treatment of the upper layer of the soil at a depth of 5-6 cm with simultaneous loosening to the depth of the soil horizon. So weeds are destroyed in the upper bed, and the lower conditions are created in the lower conditions for the development of rainwrites and microorganisms that constitute the basis of the fertility of the Earth.
The second operation is to make a semi-proverse manure with a humidity of 40-60%, and not throughout the area, but in places planting tubers.
And the third - to land them so that they are evenly distributed over the area at a distance (for the conditions of my site) 45 cm one from the other.
The first year (it was a long-term deposit) a bayonet shovel cut off the turny to a depth of 5-6 cm and folded into the stack. Returned it to the site after full overload, two years later. The entire area loosened with garden forks so as not to turn the soil.
In subsequent years, the upper layer was handled by a tip, cutting the weeds, and the lower loose for a pitchflower. But soon weeds disappeared, and when preparing the soil, I use one forks.
Work leads so.
In the spring, when the soil warms up to +8 ° C, I place the area with a marker (the frame in the form of a rhombus, in the corners of which wooden fangs are fixed to the form of pits). At the site of the first pits at the beginning of the plot, I dig out the deepening of the depth of the bayonet shovel. At the bottom of the hole, I pour out 500-700 g of a semi-earning manure (it must be worms, they are the basis of the crop). I fall asleep his land layer 1-2 cm and land one tuber weighing 50-70 g.
A month before the landing of tubers from the cellab, I erupt to germination into a warm room so that on each club there were 5-7 sprouts with a length of 0.5-1 cm.
After that, I dig out the second hole, the soil is falling asleep the tuber, not refucing, and shifting it from the shovel. I perform all work in one day.
In the summer I spend one dip when the top will reach the length of 20-25 cm. This work is performed by a 4-teeth 10 cm width with a ripper so that a holmik was formed from which 5-8 cm stems. In the fall, when digging potatoes, the whole plot looser. Under each bush it turns out 20-22 tubers with a total weight of 1.4-1.6 kg.
Thus, from 1 square meter I get 8-11 kg of selected potatoes. To the above, it remains to add that Vladimir Petrovich landed potatoes only on one weaving.
And he was constantly talked: the shreds do not feed us - only those fields on which reasonable technology is used can be made. And for this you need new cars. And not only spoke about it, but also developed drawings and models of such cars. To use this is the wealth of innovator, yes to put into business.
Plowing or resistance should be carried out at a depth of no less than 25 cm with the half of the soil previously submitted to the surface of the necessary norm of mineral fertilizers.
Color the second half on the smelting.
Fertilizer norms are given with a calculation of 100 square meters (for weaving):
1. The humus is one ton in two years on the third. In the year of planting potatoes or vegetables, slowing down not to give at all, or give, but not more than 200-300 kg.
2. Magnesium sulfate - 5 kg every year for 10 years. Make autumn or early spring.
3. Urea - annually in spring 1-2 kg and without feeding nitrogen in the summer.
4. Alophos or superphosphate - 3 kg every year for 3 years, and then after 2 years on the third two times.
5. PotassiumMagnesium - 4 kg every year.
6. Mel - only depending on the acidity of the soil, given that the universal acidity of the soil for most of the cultures is pH - 6.0-6.5. If they are lower, then 30-40 kg of chalk must be added to the unit to increase the pH, or one and a half times more lime.
7. Iron vitrios - 1-6 kg annually, but only if the pH is above 6.0. At pH 6.0 - 1 kg, at pH 0.7 - 6 kg. And thus in 10 years in 1 liter of the soil (such a measure is adopted in world practice) is 1 g of pure iron.
8. Zinc sulphate - 1.5 kg Disposable, if the pH of the soil is not higher than 6.0 and with a two-time repetition in two years on the third, if the pH is close 0.7.
9. Copper vigoros - 500 g with twice repetition in two years on the third.
10. Boric acid - 100 g annually and 200 g. If pH is below 6.5.
11. Molybdenum ammonium - 30 g annually, and if the pH is less than 6.0, then it is possible.
12. Manganese - if it is introduced - no giving, because 1 kg of humus (especially in acidic soils) has 30-40 mg of manganese.
Such a soil fertilizer system is designed for 10 years. In the future, only urea, potassium magnesium, boric acid and molybdenum-oxid ammonium are entered into the soil with the same norm, and other elements of the feeding only after the soil analysis.
But after 4-5 years after the fertilizer's fertilizer, it is created to obtain consistently high vegetable crops.
For example, potatoes at least 500 centners with hectares are 10 three-domain bags of acres with high taste quality and the minimum number of nitrates.
I want to once again warn that with the competent balanced application of fertilizers in appropriate terms, nitrates in vegetables are not created, and humus, especially fresh, creates a poison that exists in a polluted environmental environment and transfers their plants.
Therefore, he, especially in large quantities, contributes to the appearance of nitrates and unwanted harmful substances in vegetables and potatoes.
About the batt write in many newspapers and magazines, as about some kind of novelty, wondering, wanting in different ways to praise the quality of this culture.
But probably, not everyone knows that in the south of the country, the Batat is not new. In the 30s, it was grown on large areas, including and conducted research work.
Therefore, we can say that for our regions, the Batat is unused capabilities.
Our potato does not even approximately compare with the starch content of starch (30%), sugar (2.5-7.8%), the caloric content of the latter, for example, 1.5 times more and more valuable by proteins in the batte, as it is easy Digested albumin.
A planting material flow rate is approximately 90-200 kg / ha, while potatoes are up to 3 tons.
The battle has a colossal vitality, perfectly coming up and does not require special care.
It is especially valuable that this culture is not amazed by the Colorad beetle and does not suffer.
Only conservatism and the strange passivity of our dacities, gardeners and everyone who is engaged in agriculture surprises.
Why do not plant a batt, and only potatoes are stubborn, while getting meager yields.
May argue: and where to get the boarding material of the batte?
Yes, and its cultivation technology, they say complex.
First, planting material, especially at the end of September and in early October, more than enough. First of all, it is stems that do not need to feed a livestock or just throw out, but shine. For the winter you can raise seedlings for any area. This is not to mention the tubers. Such 2-3 tubers and in winter you will grow seedlings for your site.
Secondly, when boarding the 70x70 scheme, 196 plants need to be semi. Grow such a number of plants does not represent large difficulties. In addition, the Bathat gives a very beautiful bush and, growing it in the winter in pots, we get a beautiful green corner of the house.
Thirdly, the main condition for the cultivation of the batt is the purity of plantation from weeds and frequent moisings.
In the autumn period, the battles stem cut the blade on the stalks with three kidneys, lowering the cuttings into the water so that it covers two kidneys. After 10 days, the cuttings are rooted. We carry them into pots or simply in boxes with ordinary soil (the depth of the soil is 10 cm). Periodically water throughout the winter. If the cuttings give long shoots, they can be gluing three times for winter.
Place into open ground, if warm, at the end of April or in May, with constant warm weather. Who wants to get cuttings and more detailed consultation on the cultivation of the batt. You can contact the interregional experienced station at: 325013 Ukraine. G.Herson. St Crymskaya St., 56. Kravchenko Grigory Ivanovich. tel. 4-36-98.
Potatoes and vegetable peas placed in one hole grow well and make it possible to get two crop from one area.
With the joint growing of potatoes and peas in one hole (furrow), the potato tuber and 2-3 skids are put (of course, on various depths).
The greatest crop is obtained in areas with loose fertile soil, well-filled with mineral and organic fertilizers.
Even in the absence of fertilizers, such a combination of cultures will not cause strong soil depletion on the site.
The peas itself enriches the soil with nitrogen, thanks to the nodule bacteria that settled on its roots and absorb nitrogen from the air.
This happens for the following reason.
With untimely irrigation or the absence of its growth of tubers suspended, and after watering or rain resumes. Such uneven growth and causes freakness of tubers.
To avoid this, it is necessary to deeply process areas, to make organic fertilizers, improve the structure of the soil, watering the plants in a timely manner in order to hold moisture.
Vintage 100 kilograms of potatoes with 1 square meter
I read that one farmer raised a potato tuber weighing more than 20 kg.
It has long been known that in the leaves of the plant there is photosynthesis and the absorption of carbon dioxide from the air at a very high pressure of intracellular fluid (turgor to 20 atmospheres).
Due to lack of water in the soil, the turgor falls, the intensity of photosynthesis decreases, and carbon dioxide is no longer entering the leaves of the plant even before their wilting. In this case, the cells of the whole plant are premature, and its growth becomes intermittent.
As a result - a large reduction in yield. The excess water displaces the air, which is necessary for the respiration of the roots of the plant and the vital activity of soil microorganisms that increase nutrient reserves in it. With our method of growing potatoes, the optimal water-air regime in the soil is ensured, since continuously moisture comes to the root system in the amount corresponding to its evaporation of foliage.
The metal tray of 0.8x0.8 meters and 20 cm height is completely plugged into the ground (or the same trench is digging and the sturdy polyethylene film turns into a beam for water).
In the center of the pallet, a pipe with a diameter of 30-50 mm is vertically installed and 1.5 m long. The entire pallet is falling asleep with shallow (5-20 mm) rubbed and covered with water permeable nonwoven material (Agril, Spunbond, etc.) so that the soil does not come to the emptiness in the rubble. Above the pallet is installed frame of a box without a bottom with collapsible walls.
The size of the box is 1x1 m, the height is 1.5 m. Running 50 cm side walls of the box, fill it with a wet fertile soil. It is enough to add one bucket of mature compost, 1 kg of wood ash to 100 g of superphosphate to such a volume of the soil.
In a mature compost after the processing of organic, soil microorganisms, multi-digits and rainworms of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements are properly balanced among themselves. With an excess of nitrogen food, the receipt of potassium, calcium, copper, zinc and other trace elements is reduced to the plant.
Surplus phosphorus turns iron contained in the soil, in an insoluble state, dining soil solution. If necessary, the soil is encouraged and sand is added. To saturate the soil by air, the walls of the box are collected with the slits, and the pipe in the center of the drawer has small holes along its entire length.
With hot weather through this pipe, the pallet is filled with water by 95 percent, with cool weather - by 70 percent, and when 3-5 percent remain in the pallet, it is defined (approximately 1 time per week). Before backing up the rubbish in the pallet, water is poured, and a light wire (equal length with a pipe) is inserted with a fixed float at the bottom.
On the proprietary part of the pipe (due to the rise of its float), the labels of the above water levels in the pallet are made. In total, eight pieces (best for a given terrain of varieties) well-doshed potato tubers with 200 g each plant on an equidistant distance from the walls of the drawer and the pipes in its center to a depth of no more than 10 cm into the soil heated to 7 degrees. When the tops of all tubers grow by 15 cm, partially sprinkled with its wet fertile soil, leaving sprouts about 7 cm.
So each time, gradually increasing the side walls of the drawer, we continue the partial powder of potato tops until the end of July. With a strong sun, the potatoes are pronounced, with significant cooling it is hidden overnight and continues to watering it from below.
Flowering miracle potatoes continues for a very long time. At the end of September, we deal with the side walls of the box and remove the harvest of a very tasty potato.
With the right execution of all the above works, in the first year, the potato harvest may be much exceeded 100 kg with 1 square meter occupied by the specified box. Significantly improve the water-air regime in the soil can also be the next simple and cheap way.
Under a bush of currant or gooseberry, a hole is obliteled a slightly deeper root system (hose with water pressure, a brown of small diameter or scrap), a segment of the pipe (or irrigation hose) is inserted into it. Above the hose is fixed with water container, which should continuously drip in it 1-2 liters per day, depending on the weather. In this case, the harvest may increase several times. So, pumpkin weight grown by me in this way in 1999, exceeded 40 kg.
One and a half tons of potatoes from acres
It is necessary to take care of the crop since the autumn - to select a full-fledged 100-150 gram tubers and leaken (hold onto the light) for 2 weeks.
Grade "Early Rose" and "Gatchinsky".
When landscaping, tubers occasionally turn over. The soil should also be prepared from the fall, first deeply explode iron robbles, while removing all plant residues and weeds. Then make organic and mineral fertilizers: by 1 sq. M. Houring - 0.5 kg, potassium chloride - 30 g, dual superphosphate - 50 g and switch. In March, you need to prepare tubers for landing.
Before germination, while the kidneys did not move into growth, it is necessary to make a cross-ring incision on each club to a slim knife to a depth of 1-1.5 cm. The bushes are growing more powerful, the crop rises by 10-15%.
It is necessary to germinate the tubers from March 10 in flat, shallow boxes, with full-length sawdust, at a temperature of 10-20 degrees. The tubers are declined by the tops up and until the start of germination is hidden from light.
After the shading is removed and illuminated for 10-12 hours per day. From 10 to 25 April, the germination continue in a wet environment. At the bottom of the boxes, a mixture of humus and sawdust in a 2: 1 ratio is added. The thickness of the layer is 3 cm. The mixture and tubers are periodically sprayed with water, and by 5 and on 10 days with a solution of fertilizer: 60 g of superphosphate 50 g of ammonia nitrate, 0.5 liters of an aqueous extract of ash on 10 liters of water.
The aqueous extract of ashes is prepared as: a liter can of ash poured 2 l warm water for a day. During wet germination, thick strong sprouts, the tubers give roots, which need to be sprinkled with a mixture with sawdust. It is useful to harden tubers with open windows.
At the same time, you need to take care of the site: in the second half of April, on sunny days, it is shutter in a dark film that the soil quickly warmed up. Before planting in the soil additionally add per 1 sq. M. 50 g of double superphosphate, half a cup of nitroammofoski, half a cup of caliMagnesia. The mixture should be thoroughly mixed.
In each well, a half-rolled bank of the mixture is poured and stirred with soil. Gestroinated tubers are planted at a depth of 6-8 cm. If a sharp cooling occurs after landing, a plot is covered with dark and then transparent film. If there were shoots, but freezing are expected - it is better to smell them to the soil. When shooting height 7-10 cm reached the night to spray with a 0.02% solution of potassium mangartage (2 g of water).
Useful for the period of growth to make two extra-root feeders. The first at the beginning of the bootonization is a 3% solution of ammonium nitrate and the addition of trace elements. The second is done to accelerate the ripening of tubers - 5% exhaust superphosphate and calmagnesia (phosphate - 3, potassium and magnesium - 2). It is well combined with an extractive feeder with the prophylaxis of phytoophluorosis - add a 1% solution of the Bordeaux liquid to the nutrient solution.
What to do to make potatoes don't worry
There may be several reasons for this.
First, violation of the regime of storage of tubers: increased or reduced temperature, lack of oxygen or excess carbon dioxide.
Secondly, the injury of tubers during cleaning, transportation. In case of damage to the tissue of the tuber, oxidative processes are enhanced, in particular, irreversible transformation of phenolic compounds.
Thirdly, the lack of potassium clubs. It is known that in the process of growth, potatoes consume more potassium than nitrogen or phosphorus.
Few soils contain it less than a plant required. With potash starvation, there is a dark green with a bronze tint of the color of the leaves, then yellowing them and beaten with the dying of the fabrics along the edges.
Signs of the lack of potassium in the plant can be shortened interstices, closer location of sheets of sheet, uneven growth of the sheet plate, leading to the wrinkle of the leaves. These signs clearly manifest themselves on the old lower leaves of the bush, then on medium and upper.
Correct the situation can be introduced by mineral fertilizers, but only when the right relationship They are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. In addition, there are varieties, such as Sineglag, whose tubers are obviously darkened during cooking. Increasing in the soil of concentrated ingredient fertilizers at the rate of 30 g per 1 sq. M on the active substance will contribute to the formation of tubers, not darkening during cooking.
By the way, get rid of blacks very simple. Put in a saucepan with a potato 1-2 laurel leaves. Bay leaf Warns the darkening of tubers during cooking and also improves their taste.
Method of growing potatoes in pits and ridges,
providing a high harvest with any weather
About potatoes, they say and write a lot, but this topic is always relevant.
Now it is even hard to imagine those times when people affected without this product. And now, when prices have reached astronomical values, the potatoes becomes the main food product. About his healing and nutritional properties have nothing to say. First of all, this is the second bread.
In addition, 100 g of raw tubers contain 25-40 mg of vitamin C. This is definitely less than in richness, black currant, but we use potatoes every day.
And so that he gave high yields, was starchy and tasty, it is necessary to take care of him. When the earth is warmed in the spring, dig a hole with a size of 70 per 70 cm and a depth of 50 cm. Place two buckets. Last year's humus, you can add a glass of superphosphate.
We put the triangle three potatoes of the middle-timed variety (in no case are not the early or late varieties), we sprinkle by 10 cm by humus. When the topping grows by 14-15 cm, it is necessary to pour out again by 10 cm by humus, and so already until September. During this time, it is necessary to water 1-2 times with a nutrient solution so that the soil is moistened and better warmed.
Well, okay, the reader will think, the way is really good, and if it is used in a zone where it is constantly raw weather, or simply summer was rainy? What will happen to potatoes lined in half-meter pits? In this case, folk wisdom seized another variant of the described method.
Some daches dubbed him "landing into a hole on the contrary." Well, if more precisely, it is about growing potatoes in the ridges. Do it as follows. In order to raise a high harvest, the preparation needs to start in the fall. In the fall, during the coppe, from the most damned bushes to select potatoes in a mass of 70-80 g. It is unacceptable to leave for landing, very small tubers, they can be affected or unrude.
But it is best to create a seed plot. Before putting seed material for storage, it must be withstanding 15-20 days in a closed, dark room, scattering a thin layer. During this time, the cannons will be delayed on damaged during digging. After that, the potatoes are moved (it is desirable for the greening to withstand it into the light) and omit in the repository (in the basement). It is necessary to store at a temperature of 2-4 degrees of heat.
In the spring, approximately a month before the landing, the planting material must be put into the room, the temperature of which does not exceed 8-12 degrees. To disinfect the tubers, I put them for 30 minutes into the solution, which I prepare as follows: on 10 liters of water 60 g of superphosphate, 40 - urea, 5 - copper sulfate, 10 - boric acid and 1 g of manganese. All components dissolve in warm water, with the exception of manganese. I scatter on the floor with a subtle layer and tear. When the sprouts are proceeded, for the prophylaxis of phytoofluorosis, once again spray with a solution of copper vapor (2 g per 10 liters of water), can be boric acid. It will give the opportunity to receive young tubers before usual for 15-20 days.
How do I sit down my planting material? First of all, it is planned to be a row, and mineral fertilizers should be molded on this line. The organic is mowed from the autumn. If there is no integrated mineral fertilizer, I prepare the nutrient mixture itself. I take one part of nitrogen and two parts of phosphoric and potash fertilizers, mixing and put on the basis of 20-30 g per 1 sq.m. Then this strip is leaving.
Gruced potatoes put in the eyes up, slightly pressed into the ground. Then, on both the ranks, the ripple crest. The distance between rows is 80-90 cm, in a row from each other 20-25 cm. When shoots appear, the comb gradually increases, and at the same time we destroy the weeds.
Do not give potatoes. The ridge method also has the advantage that the potato bushes are not overwhelmed in the rainy summer. Putting the potatoes in the usual way, with 6 rows we collect 3 buckets of tubers, and with 6 rows planted with a ridge, - 18 buckets.
Usually purified potatoes, put in cold water, adjust to boil and boil 20-30 minutes.
It is bad that the tubers are heated gradually, because while their temperature does not reach 60-70 degrees Celsius, contained there enzymes continue to work: Ascorbattasidase oxidizes vitamin C, the amylases turn the starch in sugar, which goes into the decoction.
None nor another do not need to us, alone. If potatoes immerse directly in boiling water, the activity of these enzymes on the surface of the tuber immediately falls and the loss of nutrients is reduced almost twice. At the same time, the minerals that enzymes are not relevant are preserved.
There are two reasons: the first is that the dissolved substances in the tubers move from the heated zones to the cold, that is, outside the inside, since the Brownian movement of molecules is enhanced when heated.
Another reason: potatoes (like many other products) has a capillary-porous structure. Moisture in capillaries is under the action of surface tension forces. (Remember the thermometer!)
If one side of the capillary is heated, then on this side, the surface tension will decrease, and the moisture will begin to move with substances dissolved in it to the cold end, in our case - inside the tuber, where they will be more used. Put potatoes in boiling water!
Is it possible to cook potatoes in the peel? If you cook in the peel, then the loss of nutrients constitute only 0.1-0.2%, and if purified is 14-15%. However, the potato contains a poisonous glucoside - Solan. Especially a lot of it in the green and sprouted tubers.
Therefore, such tubers need to be cooked only purified so that more Solanina passed into the decoction, and nitrates with pesticides. So think before cooking potatoes in the peel.
Can you imagine our cooking without potatoes? Of course not! Hundreds of delicious and useful dishes are invented by humanity from this wonderful vegetable. And your garden? And again the answer is negative. Vegetable garden without potatoes are unlikely to meet. This culture is given an honorable place on each site, and it takes considerable square. And your home, balcony or windowsill - Are you ready to see our favorite "Earth Apple" there? Do not rush to say "no". Grow potatoes not at home - real. .
More amazing vegetable of our fields with such a bright and controversial destiny. He appeared in Russia not so long ago, just 300 years ago, and did not cause much delight, on the contrary, at first the novelty accepted coldly and hostile. The people preferred to eat familiar rye and turnips, and to strange tubers growing underground, were experiencing disbelief and called the "black apple". And even enlightened people considered him alien, harmful to Russian man.
The government had to take fairly rigid measures to spread it among the population. It took almost half a century on it, but still a vegetable died his place under the Russian sun. One bag of potatoes, brought by once Peter the Great from Holland, turned into millions of tons, annually grown throughout the country. And now he is not offended, but the most respectful and kind nicknames: and "cute potato-Toshka", and "Kormilitsa", and, of course, "the second bread."
Let love for potatoes and was not at first glance, but she is forever
Two thirds of the production of potatoes falls on the share of private population, and this is not surprising. The story, which began quite sad, ended with nationwide love and reverence. And how not to love it, this potato: delicious, crumbly, satisfying! She is good in roast, and in boiled, and in baked form, in the composition of soups and borshing, like a side dish and an independent dish. In general, this is an indispensable favorite of gourmets. And no longer a question for anyone, you need potatoes in the garden or not. Definitely need!
And in the apartment on the window? On the balcony? Wait, because it will interfere. Yes, and keep potatoes in winter on the balcony is unreasonable - it will be frozen. And if not stored, but grow?
Before organizing home beds, you need to determine for yourself the goal and the reason for this quite a serious step. The household device at home is not the case that the case is super-housing and troublesome, but you have to work, so it's better to think over everything in advance.
The goal of homemade potatoes, naturally, is one: get a high crop of canceled delicious tubers. But the reasons can be a lot. So, you thought about growing potatoes at home, because:
Well, the causes are good. So, it is worth trying.
Firmly deciding that the garden is at home, we will proceed to the choice of the most basic component of the future harvest - actually potatoes. It needs not only to buy it, but also how to prepare for landing.
Middle and late varieties will not suit their place on open beds. Pay attention is on ultrafasted and early. The earliest varieties, according to the state register of breeding achievements:
The term of their maturation with due presets - 45-50 days from the appearance of germs. But the first three varieties are not yet very famous and are common, while Meteor and Charoit have already managed to gain popularity and fell in love with gardens for their excellent qualities: beautiful taste, strength and yield.
Dutch sort of colombus got the highest assessment for the taste and magnitude of the club Red Sonya - the new German variety with a reduced need for a nitrogen meteor is called so for the rapidness Charoit will not disappoint you
If you failed to find these varieties, do not be mistaken. Proven and well-known Zhukovsky Early, Ilona, \u200b\u200bImpala, Red Scarlett, do not let us go, you just need to comply with a number of conditions:
Methods of potato cutting can be different
When the variety was determined and the boarding material was bought, it is worth paying attention to the preset processing and disinfection. Urban apartment is the easiest way, but effective tool There will be a solution of potassium mangartan (1 g per 1 liter of water). Potatoes are kept in a solution of 20-30 minutes. Additionally, you can cut the tubers in wood ashes or process growth stimulants, but since we have little planting material, and growth stimulants are designed to process several vestors, it is still better to look for ash. It can stay in the courtyards where the branches were burned on the bonfires, bunches (usually at spring cleaning), and it takes it quite a bit, two or three handstones.
Not the last role in the future successful growth of potatoes on the home garden plays the germination of tubers. Perfectly saved potatoes during winter does not have sprouts, it is in the sleep phase. If it is in such a state to fall into the ground, it will safely sleep for another two weeks and only then go into growth. And growing will grow much slower. Thus, we will lose twenty days, and this is extra waterproof, loosening, that is, spending and time, and forces.
So, our passage joy must be wake up. Try to calculate the duration of the purchase of potatoes so that it is at your disposal no later than a month before the planned landing. Temptation of tubers does not require much difficulty.
Potatoes are folded in a bright place in one or two layers (in a box or box on the windowsill in our case). In the first week it is necessary for it: the temperature in the room should be about 22 o C, it contributes to rapid awakening and stimulates the appearance of sprouts. The next two weeks the temperature should be lower, from 14 ° C to 16 ° C, that is, the box must be transferred to a colder place, on the floor or unheated balcony. Some experienced potatoes recommend lowering the temperature to 4-6 o C, but in a modern urban apartment provide so diverse temperature modes It is impossible, so in the germination, we will not focus on time, but on the type of sprouts. They should be no more than 1-2 cm long, strong, similar to the cone, painted according to the variety. Cloths with pale, long filamentous sprouts to landing are unsuitable, but plants there should not have such an elite varieties.
These are such great sprouts - the right sign of generous harvest
It is possible to germinate potatoes in packages, "T-shirts". In the package make holes for ventilation (such that the potatoes do not fall, of course), placed inside 10-12 tubers and hang in the illuminated place, but not under the right rays. In such a micro-guy, potatoes ripens in two weeks, the main thing is to prevent excessive stretching of sprouts. As soon as they achieved desired size, It's time to go to the landing.
Temples of tubers in packages is used to prepare for landing
In general, the track preparation scheme for landing is as follows:
It is possible to grow potatoes in the room almost all year round, but it should be borne in mind that in the winter time due to the reduction of the light day and the vegetation of plants, and the crop will be weaker than in spring. In the middle lane of Russia on the glazed balconies, plant potatoes on the home garden is permissible from mid-March.
Tar for "Grookok" Please choose: it can be bags from sugar, striped "shuttle" bags, large polyethylene bags, vest, plastic or clay pots. It is also practicing landing in boxes - both in the mesh plastic for storing fruits and in a shot down from the boards. Each method has its own characteristics.
It is also important and the choice of soil. Potato loves wet, loose, samp and thin soils, as well as chernozemas. If there is such land next to your home - great. Use it by adding 4 to 1 to 1, or the accumulation of deciduous humus in the nearest forest bel. park zone. For the sake of the garden at home, you can try, because the rest of the work on the cultivation of potatoes (extracting, weeding) are not threatened with you. You can buy a special garden soil and make us ordinary land. The main thing is not to take the land in sites where the Parenic grew earlier, otherwise there is a risk of infecting plants with phytoofluorois and a pair.
Good soil for homemade garden should be soft, crumbly. Take a chipping of the wet soil and squeeze in the fist, and then throw it on the palm. I broke down - it means everything is fine, saved the form - it means that insufficiently loose. Add a slight sand and humus.
Soil under potatoes should provide air access to the underground part of plants
Growing potatoes in bags is called a vertical landing. Such a method is based on the ability of the plant to give side shoots (collisions) higher and higher on the stalk, and on these shoots and the tuberplods necessary for us are formed. The landing algorithm is simple, because all the most important and time-consuming we did at the preparation stage:
Watering such a mini-garden is required once a week, after it the ground is loose or poured by mulching materials (straw, foliage). Plants can be filtered with urea (from the calculation of 20 g per bucket of water) and potash fertilizers.
Potatoes in bags will feel good on the balcony when complying with simple rules for care
The soil must be constantly maintained in a wet, but not wet state. The best way out is drip watering, and you can make it with your own hands: plastic bottle For two or a half liters, throwing a needle near the bottom, fill with water and put into the container from the earth. In the cover of the bottle, it is necessary to make a hole for air intake.
In order not to disturb the aeration, you can use another invention of folk craftsmen:
The main rule of this method of cultivation is not to thicken fit. One tuber on a seven-liter bucket or pot will be quite enough. The box is planted with 1-2 pieces depending on the size of the container. As a soil, you can use a homemade soil mixture (1 bucket of humus and land, 2-3 liters of sand and 1 l ash) or buy ready-made in the store. Otherwise, we act on the already familiar scheme:
The soil in the container is being added to the bucket as the stalks grow
Very interesting way to grow potatoes in two pots. The domestic pot is made with large slots, as the tubers ripening it is taken out and harvest. As in the case of a vertical landing, you need to follow the condition of the soil: to water, loose and fertilize, otherwise the result will differ from expectations very significantly.
Potatoes from the balcony will delight a rich harvest of the hardworking owner
When landing in the drawers, the drainage is not needed, but it is better to install them on pallets or a liner. It will keep the windowsill from the extra moisture.
So that potatoes on the balcony or window do not overheat and not exposed to direct sunlight, it is necessary to establish a shading in the dwelling days (blinds or sheets of paper). Do not forget about the access of fresh air, so ventilate the plants more often.
Potatoes on the windowsill - and beautifully and useful
On the ability of potatoes to the meryshimon (tissue or micro-reference) reproduction, a very unusual way to get young tubers in winter is based, when there is not enough sunlight for the full development of plants. To stimulate the plant not to germination, but to the formation of tuberplods, it is placed in an absolutely dark place and limit air access. That is, they simply dig in the box from the ground of half-meter heights and put in warm (about 25 o c) place. The soil should be taken, of course, loose and nutritious, watering once a week. Lent a bed in the middle of autumn - and you will have the opportunity to surprise friends from young potatoes on a festive table.
In my apartment you can grow not only potato tubers for food, but also the most selective super-elite planting material - strong, without hereditary diseases, updated. But it will not be immediately, but for several years. Here are the stages of potatoes from a seed to a full-fledged seed tuber:
The fourth and fifth reproductions are already considered degenerate requiring replacement.
To the "Earth Apple" brought generous fruits, you need to follow the update of the seed material
The cultivation of potatoes from seed makes it possible to get a clean seed material with much less waste of funds, because the seeds can be collected. But even bought, they cost cheaper of elite potatoes in the tubers. In addition, you will be absolutely confident in the health and quality of sowing material grown with your own hands.
The most popular are the seeds of varieties fairy tale, Virgo, Beauty, Ilona, \u200b\u200bKolobok, Santa. Recently, a mixture has appeared on sale as a salute, which includes both yellow and pink tubers with white and yellow pulp and extravagant - with purple. Such an original sowing material will surely interest lovers of all unusual and bright.
Santa - all recognized and adorable grade 
The fairy tale has a lot of excellent quality of tubers and the look just a fabulous Ilona - a promising novelty, when it is cultivated from seed picking not required 
A mixture of Salute varieties will delight lovers of all new and unusual
So that the potato seeds are sprouted, they need additional stimulation. If you bought seeds in specialized stores, it will be enough for sowing to hold them in a wet warm environment so that they are swollen and fastened. To do this, take a plastic box, a wet fabric is placed onto the bottom, then the seeds and again layer of fabric. It is not recommended to use gauze or cotton: Small potato seeds can get confused in it. Then the capacitance is closed with a lid so that the moisture is not evaporated, and put about the battery for 2 days. Self-collected seeds are recommended to withstand in a bright pink milgantin solution 20 minutes. After that, they are washed with clean water and dried slightly, because they are very small, wet to sow them uncomfortable. Seeds can be germinated, for this they are maintained in warmth and moisture not 2, and 5-6 days.
The land must be loose and nutritious, sifted, a few days before the landing, it is not bad to treat her phytoosporin. Most of the gardens grow potatoes from seeds with a seedy way with picking, but there are those who prefer to do without this procedure. You can experience both ways by saving some seeds into the cups on the pallet, and the part is in a small box.
The cups are filled with soil mixture by two thirds, and in them carefully, at some distance, 3-4 seeds are placed apart from each other. From above sprinkled with a thin layer of sand and spray with water from the spray. Before shooting, wait two more weeks, and to speed up their appearance, crops are covered with a film.
The method of sowing seeds according to Mittlider, a famous agronomist and innovor deserves attention. For cultivation of seedlings, drawers are taken (50 cm in length, 40 cm in width, 10 cm deep). Instead of the soil mixture, the average size of sawdust with sand (3 to 1) is used. Summary of any tree breeds are suitable, except oak and walnut. In return, you can take a peat in the same proportion. Artificial soil does not have fertilizers in the composition, therefore it is enriched with such nutrients (based on one box):
Everyone is thoroughly mixed and smoothed. Rake make shallow furrows and seed seeds at a short distance from each other. The layer that cover the grooves from above should be 4 times the thickness of the seeds themselves. That is, potato babes need to be sprinkled by a very insignificant amount of sand. Complete the watering procedure.
Potato seedlings much more vague and demanding of his sister - pepper seedlings. She and Light requires more, and without it will deteriorate and pale, and the air to the roots give it to her - looked and the matter. There is still a disappearance of the exposure of young crops, the defeat of a black leg, which can be laid out the entire harvest during the days. Signs of this cunning disease are known: the plants will dry by the earth itself, the stem is thinned, and seedlings die. The causes of the trouble can be thickened crops, abundant watering with low temperatures and increased soil acidity. Therefore, it is recommended to water potato seedlings through the pallet.
Perfectly showed himself in the fight against the black leg permanganate potassium, our indispensable manganese. Well pink, but not a bright solution you need to carry out periodic spraying spraying seedlings. You can even replace every third-fourth watering by this therapeutic effect using a sprayer or a small plastic bottle with small holes in the lid.
Conducting a black leg of seedlings will help the usual manganese
About 20 days after the appearance of shoots, potato seedlings are dive. In the drawer, which is decided to leave without a dive on the sample, is being dried: weak, unviable sprouts are removed by manicure scissors. From the end of April, seedlings can be taken to the balcony for hardening.
The period of growing seedlings is generally about two months. As soon as warm weather is established, it's time to hold a landing in the ground. Do it in mid-May in cloudy weather or closer to the night.
In the presence of free space In the greenhouse, you can plant the seedlings of elite potatoes there and do not worry about her fate. If there are no greenhouses, you will have to make additional protection measures.
In the longitudinal wells, the seedlings are placed almost horizontally, the earth is sprinkled almost completely. It is necessary to pour plants and, if possible, to inspire.
Watering the elite seedlings of potatoes is better carried out by riddles, not allowing convergence
You should take care of both the curable material, without it, the seedlings will freeze.Outside the seedlings set arcs and they are covered with a film, the edges need to sprinkle the earth and, if possible, drag the stones to a strong wind, which for spring is not uncommon, did not spoil all the work. Reveal seedlings when the weather is finally established and the threat of late frosts.
Further landings care is not different from the care of the other potato beds: weeding, dipping, watering by furrows. It will not be superfluous and feeding with a solution of a cow.
Corobyan makes a cow's manure. 1 l of fresh manure and 5 liters of water are placed in a bucket or saucepan. Leave for fermentation for 2-3 weeks. Every 3 days, it is necessary to mix the mixture, and before use to dilute with water one to three or even four. In the finished solution, 100 g of superphosphate is added to 10 liters and 500 g of ashes. This fertilizer will give plants at once and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.
Before use, fertilizer must be diluted at least twice. Pullen the solution is not under the root, but in the recesses around the bushes. If the weather is hot and dry, with fertilizer costs to postpone.
In the fall, you fly from the harvester harvest with small tubers. Do not beware of them with sizes, because this is the most real super super elite - your, home, verified. Having landed these naval for the next year, you will get a full-fledged harvest.
These small muscles are carriers of the most valuable qualities of the variety
The renewal of seed potatoes can be produced by planting in soil sprouts. Sprouts, purified from the remains of the parent tuber, is the same healthy varietal material as a mini-tuber.
Supporters of this method of obtaining varietal seed and food potatoes lead the following arguments in its favor:
But there are also opponents disembarking sprouts. They argue that the method is too time-consuming, and the plants that remain without a nutritional tuber require painstaking care and many fertilizers. Complex, requiring a lot of time and forces for growing potatoes from sprouts will be eat method. But the landing immediately in open soil is much simpler and justifies the expectations of the gardeners, so we consider this method.
To get strong, viable sprouts, it is necessary to select healthy and intact tubers and carry out germination by the methods described above or in wet sawdust, sand. It is necessary to start it four weeks before the planned landing.
Sprouts are shadow and light, and they are called depending on where they were obtained: in the dark cellar or in a bright place. For landing is preferable, of course, light: they are more powerful, thicker, brighter painted. Shadow sprouts are quickly stretched, they are pale and thin, they are used for planting only in the case of an acute shortage of seed potatoes.
The term of the germination will be longer, because you need to get a length of 6-10 cm long. It is necessary to separate them on the landing day, as a last resort per day or two before.
Separate sprouts from the tuber need a landing day, and without tearing, but "twisting"
Proof of the fact that growing potatoes in the methods described above can be successful, this selection of videos will be.
No matter how we are confident that you know almost everything about potatoes, I will definitely find something new, fresh, original. Creating potato beds right at home will help you to look at the garden with a completely new angle and may become a favorite hobby for many years. Experiment, create, try, not afraid of failure. Without them, no worthwhile business is. Success will come with experience, and you will have a wonderful chance to please the fruits of your work relatives and loved ones.
Potatoes are one of the most popular crops on the gardens, and there are many different methods of its cultivation. Knowledge of the basics of the biology of this plant will help to better figure it out and choose the best way for its site.
Potatoes are a perennial herbaceous plant from the family of Parenic. His homeland is mountainous areas of South America. Accordingly, the best conditions for its growth and development will be:
Potatoes grows well only in loose soil
Potato tubers are modified stems, developing on underground shoots (collises), coming from the bottom white part of the stalks of potato bushes. In the dark, underground, stems and tubers remain white, and under the influence of light quickly greasize.
Green potato tubers contain a poisonous substance Solanin and are not suitable for food.
From landing to shoots, it is usually held from one to three weeks, depending on the weather, the depths of landing and the degree of training of tubers. Moderately warm weather, shallow landing in heated soil and pre-germination accelerate this process.
Since the appearance of germs to full ripening of potatoes, passes:
At the same time, in early grades, the first tubers can be started to pour up after 45-55 days after germination.
The usual potato yield in the field is only 1-2 kilogram from a square meter, although good care You can get 4-5 kilograms from the same area.
With proper agricultural engineering, it is possible to increase the harvest several times
The main factors affecting the increase in the overall potato yield:
Optimal for storage are medium-sized tubers, weighing 100-150 grams. Giant tubers on the shelter and more often have emptiness in the middle of the tuber, starting during storage.
Excellent Vintage - Large Clubs Same Size
There are several techniques that contribute to the development of large potato tubers:
With excess doses of nitrogen fertilizers instead of large tubers, especially magnificent tops are growing.
Large tubers before planting can be cut into several parts.
A very controversial question. Someone does it really contribute to the increase in yields. Many are disappointed, having gathered after tearing flowers a bunch of potato little things instead of normal tubers. Different varieties react differently to this procedure. The probability of failure is reduced if the flowers are clogged after full dissolution of all buds so that the bush builds the tubers instead of berries. The breaking of the newly appeared buds will provoke the emergence of new buds, and not the growth of tubers.
Is it necessary to overture potatoes flowers - the question is controversial and ambiguous
Most modern varieties of potatoes of flowers are formed little, and after flowering, they themselves fall. If potatoes do not bloom at all, the harvest does not suffer from this at all.
As soon as the Earth warms up to +7 .. + 10 ° C to a depth of about 10 centimeters (the time of dissolving the leaves on the birch and blooming of dandelions), on the site evenly scatter the humus (half ancara per square meter) and nitroammophos (25-35 g / m 2 ), Then dripped on the bayonet shovel and leveled with robbles.
Before planting potatoes, the area is drunk and smash with robbles
Fresh manure under potatoes can not be made.
Potatoes are planting 70 centimeters between rows and 30 centimeters in a row. Making furridges for a whole series or individual wells for each tuber - not fundamentally, do as more convenient. The depth of planting is about 5-10 centimeters. Planting potatoes are sprinkled by loose ground. It is usually not required to water, in the spring there is enough moisture in the ground. If the earth is very dry, watered furrows or wells before planting.
Potato tubers plant in shallow furrows
In the threat of freezing, the shooters of potatoes are covered with a film or completely "with head" plunge the earth.
The first major emphasis is carried out as soon as the stems grow 20 centimeters. After the rain or irrigation, the land on a potato defense carefully loosened, after which it is pierced by a layer of loose damp ground from the rivers to the base of the stems. In case of late dipping, part of the root system is damaged, located in the aisle. Early potato varieties dip once, Late - twice. The term of the second gym is determined by the weather and growth of plants, in any case before the start of flowering.
Potatoes are plunged after rain or watering
During the season, the potato plantation is watered, they are stolen, loosen the soil in the alarms after the rain or watering. Colorado beetles and their larvae or are collected manually, or spray with a kinmix when the first larvae appears. At the first signs of the appearance of phytoophulas (brown spots on the leaves) spray with copper-containing fungicide.
Digging potatoes into dry warm weather when yellowing the tops. If it was necessary to clean up in the rain, the potatoes before laying on the storage are necessarily dried in a dark room.
In the hot southern regions with a long warm autumn, you can plant potatoes of early grades in the middle of August, so that the tuber formation takes place after the end of the summer heat. Clean such a harvest in October.
In the spring to accelerate the heating of the soil, it is possible to cover the bed with transparent polyethylene or whites agrofluoride. Used to landing and after it to protect germs from frosts. You can use as an additional insulation in film greenhouses.
For rapid heating of soil and protection against frosts, white agrofiber is used
Temporary greenhouses and tunnels made from polyethylene or agrofluorous arcs are used to protect against spring and autumn frosts. In the threat of freezing, the lower edges of the underfloor material are tightly pressed to the soil and the ground is sprinkled slightly. In the heat of the greenhouse from polyethylene, it is necessary to ventilate, slightly lifting the southern edge of the film (the agrofiber "breathes" and does not require ventilation). Summer shelter is removed, leaving the plants lead as in open soil.
Light time shelters from agrofibra stretched on arcs protect plants from spring and autumn frosts
When using greenhouses, it is necessary to remember that not only temperature is important for potatoes, but also good illumination. In the cold season, there is enough sunlight only in southern regions. Growing potatoes in stationary winter greenhouses With heating, illumination and replaced soil, is devoid of practical meaning due to too high cost.
The tempting idea to "grow in winter potatoes" exists in several options:
Both of these methods have two common drawbacks: when the land is freezing, the potatoes die, and the hungry mice can eat it for the winter.
The third method is completely devoid of practical meaning, although sometimes mentioned in the literature as a funny curios. If you fold the potatoes into a tightly knit package or a box with a slightly damp peat crumb or sawdresses and keep at a low temperature (+7 .. + 10 ° С), some tubers will give the collishes on which new muscles are formed. In this case, the amount of potato received will be several times less than planted! A good large tuber will give only a few tiny pea-sized to walnut.
The capacity of sufficient volume (approximately from the bucket) with mandatory drainage holes in the bottom fill the fertile land by a third, plant it in her potatoes and put in a very well illuminated place with a temperature of +16 .. + 23 ° C. Regularly watered, as the stalks are heard, lumps the land until the top. Periodically remove some of the tubers formed, trying not to damage the root system. In winter, there will be no good harvest in the apartment - too dark.
As an experiment, you can grow a potato bush in a pot or in a bucket
Soil is very different in mechanical composition and in the maintenance of nutrients.
The thicker and darker the upper layer of the soil, the higher its fertility
The most fertile soils are perfectly suitable for potatoes. Contrary to stereotypes, also need organic fertilizerswithout which they gradually destroy and lose structure.
Easily permeable for air, water and roots. In the spring quickly enhance and warm up. Easily processed. Almost do not contain nutrients. We need elevated doses of organicities (up to 1 bucket per 1 m 2) and more frequent irrigation. Well suited for potatoes, which is planted at a depth of 10-12 cm.
Sand soil is easily permeable for air, water and roots
Well hold water. Rich in food, but poorly permeable to air and roots. Very hard handled. The cultivation of potatoes requires the introduction of organicities (by half a 1 m 2), and heavy clays are also coarse-grained river sand (1-3 buckets per 1 m 2). Potatoes are imprisoned not deeper than 5 cm and necessarily loosen the aisle throughout the season.
In the heat and drought, clay soil is covered with a dense crust and cracks
In the non-black earth a lot of garden sites on the site of dried peatlands. The riding peat is too acidic and suitable for potatoes only after making large doses of river sand, powder clay, humus and lime. The nyline peat often has a weakly acidic reaction (pH 5.0-6.5) and in the absence of overcoat is quite suitable for potatoes.
In the non-black earth a lot of garden sites on the site of former peat swamps
All peatlands are very late warm and are very susceptible to frost. It is important to annually introduce the body (at least 1 bucket by 4 m 2) to improve the structure of the soil and preventing the level of the plot level. In the absence of rains, regular watering is required. Dry peat very fires very much!
Clay and peat areas in lowlands are often overwhelmed, in these cases potatoes can only grow in high ridges or after drying the entire site.
On the overwhelmed areas, potatoes can only be grown on the ridges or after drying
Potatoes develop well on soils with a reaction from weakly acid (pH 5.5) to neutral (pH 7.0). With an excess of lime, potatoes are poorly growing and stronger than the usual is affected by a pair.
Nizinal peat - dark, homogeneous, with a weakly acidic reaction. Riding peat - light, fibrous and too sour, requires compulsory lime
It is impossible to make a lime directly when planting potatoes, lime only in the fall, and even better under the preceding culture. For potatoes, only very acidic soils are needed for potatoes (pH below 4.5-5.0). Depending on the initial acidity of the soil with autumn people, lime or dolomite flour (no more than 100-300 g / m 2) or wood ash (300-900 g / m 2) are made. The ash is especially useful for potatoes, as it contains a lot of potassium. Unlike other limestone materials, ash in moderate doses can be made in spring when landing.
It is impossible to make lime simultaneously with manure, nitrogen and phosphoric fertilizers.
There are several technologies that allow growing potatoes without dipping.
The site is screwed, thoroughly dropped with robbles and covers with black polyethylene film or black agrofiber. Then small holes are cut in the film with a knife for each potato. Prepared potatoes cautiously propheted into these holes, shrouded in the soil. If the holes are too big, weeds will be climbing in them, and part of the effect will disappear. When using very wide cloths before laying the film, a drip irrigation system is mounted. You can take a narrow stripes of a film with a half-meter width and leave the strips of bare earth between them for income into the soil of rainwater. The film does not miss the light (in the dark potatoes does not green), retains the soil of loose and prevents the growth of weeds.
Black film mulching prevents the growth of weeds, but it makes it difficult to enter the rainwater soil
It is used when groundwater occurring closer than 1 meter from the soil surface, in lowlands with heavy clay soils, especially in the northern regions. From the autumn they prepare earthy ridges with a height of 30-50 centimeters and a width of 50-150 centimeters. In the spring, they quickly warm and dried. Potatoes are planting in the grocery of a grocery of the grooves and pour the earth. You can additionally be closed with black film. The device of drip irrigation is not required, there is enough moisture from the geadium.
On raw pieces, potatoes are grown in high ridges
A variety of this method is stationary high beds-cobes from boards filled with fertile land. In the dry summer require watering.
Used in southern areas with hot dry in summer. From autumn, trenches are replete with a depth of 30 centimeters and 30-50 centimeters width. In the spring, the bottom of the trenches loose and plant potatoes, sprinkled at 6-8 centimeters of the earth. Instead of extracting, gradually sleep in the trench of the land extracted when creating them. This method is very promoted by the preservation of moisture, is well combined with the mulching of the organic. Not suitable for early potatoes - trenches warmed later than the smooth surface of the Earth.
In the hot dry areas, potatoes are planting in trenches for better moisture conservation in the soil
The spring area is loosened by flat on a depth of 5-7 centimeters. In this loose layer, small wells make the potatoes, laying the small hill of 5-7 centimeters above each potato. As soon as germs appear, abundant mulching with straw or hay, gradually, as the potato skes are grown, arguing a mulch layer to 10-20 centimeters.
The species of this method for very rainy regions - potatoes are simply decomposed on an explosive land and immediately bore a 20-centimeter layer of straw. Thick mulch protects potatoes from light and weeds, and the rotting bottom layer supplies the roots with nutrients.
Important details:
The straw mulch partially complicates the growth of weeds, but some make their way
Traditional way: to carefully choose the rhizomes of perennial weeds with a people and landing, regularly guess the plantation for the entire season.
You can do without manual weeding:
Potatoes need constantly wet soil throughout the growing season. In the absence of rains, it is watered once a week, deeply wasting the soil for 20-25 centimeters. Terminate only 1-2 weeks before harvesting.
Drip watering is the most modern method, indispensable with solid mulching with black film
Watering on furrows is the simplest and most affordable solution.
With constant growing potatoes in the same place, crops are gradually falling, soil is depleted, the pathogens of disease accumulate. Severers are used to solve this problem so that the cultures of one botanical family return to the previous place no earlier than in 4 years. This period is considered sufficient for disinfection from most fungal diseases, including phytoophulas - the rougom potato problem. Good predecessors for potatoes are all bean cultures, pumpkin and cabbage. Common pests and diseases with his other Parenic - tomatoes, peppers and eggplants.
Siderats are called plants grown not for the sake of obtaining a harvest, but to improve the soil, enrich it humus and recovery. They can be used both in addition to the main crop rotation and as its partial replacement, if the lack of the Earth does not allow to arrange a full-fledged alternation of cultures. The use of siturates can significantly reduce the need for manure.
General rule Side selection: preceding culture, ciderat and subsequent culture should belong to different botanical families.
| Type of Siderat | pros | Minuses |
| Cereal: oats, winter rye | Cool resistance |
|
| Bean: peas of spring and winter, Vika Yarovaya (sowing) and winter (shaggy), annual Lupins (White, yellow, narrow-walled), annual Types of clover (Punchovsky, Egyptian, Persian) | Enrich soil nitrogen | Cannot be used in crop rotation with garden beans (peas, beans, beans) |
| Caps: White Mustard (English) and Sizaya (Sareptskaya), Raps Summer and winter, radish Oilseed |
| Cannot be used in crop rotation with cabbage cultures (cabbage, turnip, radish, radish, dycon) |
| Pipes (Welviste): Facelium Pijmalis | Does not have common pests and diseases with garden crops | Very attractive bees - it becomes a problem with allergies to bee poison |
In legumes, it is possible to mow an overhead part and use a cattle on food, the useful effect of nitrogen-fixing muscles in the soil is still saved. You can soak a mixture of several types of seeds. Winter sites are sown in late August - early September. The rest - at any time, from spring to autumn.
Traditionally, the Siderats are smeared into the ground. Supporters of organic farming prefer to trim roots with flattened and leave cut plants in place. Both of these methods are good, the choice depends on the specific conditions - the type of soil, the existing technique, etc. Important moment: when chosen in the heavy soil immediately, large quantities of juicy plants can begin the unwanted processes of silage fermentation. To avoid this, cut plants or leave on the surface in the form of a mulch, or weigh several days before the stall. Conditioning or sowing of siturates is carried out no later than 1-2 weeks before planting potatoes. The best stage of sealing of the Siderators - before the formation of seeds while the stems are soft and juicy.
Mustard and RAPS in the case of ripening seeds become annoying weeds.
Ovens - cold-resistant unpretentious plant 
Wintering rye good winter under the snow 
Facelium Pijmaliste - Good Siderate and Honey 
Sizai (Sareptskaya) mustard is used in cooking and as a siderate 
White (English) mustard - seasoning to the table and a seat for a vegetable garden 
Wim Winter (Mochnatua) can be soiled together with rye 
Vicor Yarovaya (sowing) is often used in a mixture with oats 
Ordinary peas - also good cold-resistant ciderat 
Annual Punchy Clover is often used as a seder in southern regions 
Annual yellow Lupine - Classic Siderate used since ancient times
The newest grades of potatoes are botanical seeds received from its berries now go on sale much earlier than the finished tubers. You can grow potatoes from such seeds, but this is a very troublesome and long process.
From set existing ways Growing potatoes You can always choose the most suitable option for specific conditions. In case of any doubt in the reliability of the new method good decision It will first conduct an experiment on a small garden, so as not to risk everything harvest.
In many countries, potatoes are considered the most common culture. It is part of many dishes, provides our body with the necessary trace elements and vitamins. The main task of many dacnis is an increase in potato yield. For this, it is important not only to choose the right variety, but also to choose the right way landing. Also important is the region in which immediate cultivation occurs. Of course, do not forget about the correct leaving of the plant.
The correct organization of work is the key to obtaining a rich and high-quality crop.
In early May, potatoes begin to plant potatoes in the middle lane. By this time, the Earth should warm well (above 10 o C). Potatoes is a representative of the Parenic family. Experienced agronomists do not recommend planting it in places where previously grew bell pepper, Tomatoes and eggplants. The perfect predecessor is cucumbers, cabbage, greens, legumes, beets, sites.
Potatoes grows well on black earth, loamy and sandily soil. Clay soil is too heavy, so potatoes will grow badly on it.
The plot on which potatoes will grow should be sunny, reliably protected from the wind.
The soil must be prepared in the autumn period. The land is pounded, fertilizers contribute. It is recommended to sow siturates (rye or mustard). In the spring, the land rejected together with the Siderators.
Potato landing can be carried out different ways. It is necessary to take into account not only the type of soil, the variety, but also the location of the site.
The cultivation of potatoes from seeds requires preparation since autumn. It is necessary immediately after harvesting to select. Ideal tubers weigh 70-100 grams with a diameter of 4-5 cm. In the autumn period it is better to make potatoes. For several days to hold the tubers in the sun. Such potatoes will not spoil rodents, which means they will preserve better.
It is necessary to germinate the sowing material a month before landing. For this, tubers are shrinking in low drawers and have them in 1-2 layers. Boxes are left in a warm illuminated place. After a certain time, sprouts appear. They must reach 1-2 cm in height. If the weather by this time is still cold, boxes with germinated potatoes should be sent to a dark place.
Before boarding, sometimes treated with a club stimulant. For this, the "zircon" or "epin" is often used. Acquired planting material on the market is better to process additionally from infections. For this, the tubers are placed for 30 minutes in warm water or into a solution of boric acid (0.1%).
Experts recommend that the growing areas of potatoes must be taken into account. Indeed, for arid regions, a more acceptable one way, and for the middle strip - the other. In addition, the potato variety should be chosen properly. It should be not only resistant to many diseases, unpretentious in care, but also adapted to certain climatic conditions.
There are several methods of growing potatoes from seeds. Attention should be paid to both common and fairly rare options. All of them have their drawbacks and advantages. Each dacket must choose the appropriate option. Experts recommend to highlight a small plot of land on which a new method of growing potatoes will be checked.
Among the summer houses, the technology of growing potatoes in barrel is popular. To do this, prepare old barrel. The bottom can be leaning, or it may not be at all. 20-25 cm drainage are laid in the bar, after 30 cm of fertile soil are poured. If the site is heavy soil, it must be mixed with 1/3 of the sand. Potatoes are laid on the soil and fall asleep with a height of 20 cm. As soon as the potatoes are good, it needs to be floated to the edge of the barrel.
This method of cultivation is suitable for regions with a cold climate.
The advantages of this method include:
The disadvantages include:
Growing potatoes in the bucket is very similar to the previous method. The difference lies only in the fact that in the bottom of the bucket, it is necessary to do holes to remove excess moisture. Looking out in the bucket you need only 1 tuber.
This method allows you to create a mobile garden in a greenhouse. So maturation will accelerate, and soon you can get an early harvest.
This method of growing potatoes is suitable for summer residents who have a small household territory. This method has a lot in common with the previous one. At first, it is necessary to make a bottom from the boards, and on the sides to nail the stakes of 1.5 m in height. The bottom is optional, you can just drive the bars to the ground.
After you need to build walls from several boards. The height of the design must be selected, given the amount of content. It must be accommodated 2 layers of Earth 30 cm in height. Between these layers it is necessary to place the tubers.
As soon as potatoes germinate, it is necessary to jazve additional boards and re-sprinkle the land. If the landing of tubers was produced in mid-May, then the plugness of the Earth must be stopped in mid-June. At this time, the plant should bloom.
At the end of September, it is necessary to cut the tops and leave the plant for the week alone. During this time, potatoes will promote. After the box disassemble and get tubers from the ground.
Such a potato growing technology allows you to collect 1 m 2 about a potato bag.
The cultivation of potatoes in bags is slightly different from the methods described above. At the same time, the drainage is poured into an ordinary bag. After laying the tubers. After the first sprouts appear, the potatoes must be sprinkled with the ground mixed with the compost. The soil must be added as the crown of the tops. Remember that this method requires regular watering of the plant.
This process of cultivation does not require significant costs of physical labor. In addition, you can save space on your household plot.
For growing potatoes in large-scale quantity, a creed fit is used. After all, it is this method that provides special equipment. The landing occurs with the help of potatoes, and the dying is a snake. Growing potatoes in the field in this way minimizes the use of human labor.
This method of planting is characterized by a distance between the rows of more than 60 cm, and between the wells - 30 cm. As soon as the tops grow, the plant is plunged by forming a comb. This method has proven itself to be cultivated on wet soils.
This method also allows autumn to prepare the ground to land. And in the spring without re-emptying, you can proceed to landing tubers.
Some dacms use this method of growing potatoes. Many believe that growing in beds contributes to an increase in yield. At the same time, tubers are located in a checker order. The planting material falls asleep the earth, forming a garden. Over the season, the plant must be dipped 3 times. When the tops reaches 5 cm high, performed the first dip. The plant is perfted completely. The second time is plunged by the plant when it reaches 15 cm in height, the third - before flowing.
This method allows you to get a good potato harvest in arid regions. This method of planting potatoes involves the use of black film. It is first necessary to place the territory and cover the film, reducing its edges. Make sure that there are no sharp items on the site.
After in places of planting, the tubers need to be made on a remnant film 30 cm crosswise. At the same time, there should be a distance of 25 cm between the bushes, and between the rows - 40 cm. Now you can make the wells and plant potatoes.
The advantages of this method of planting:
Disadvantages:
One of the popular methods is the cultivation of potatoes under the straw. it easy way obtaining a good harvest, practically without applying special efforts. At the same time there is no need to loosen and pull the soil. You can grow potatoes even on a untouched area with many years of grass. This method is ideal for growing potatoes on heavy soil.
Tubers can be put just on Earth or make small wells. From above stacked straw layer. As the tops are growing, the straw layer is added. To this end, you can use bevelled grass or gothic weeds. In the autumn you only need to collect clean tubers.
The cultivation of potatoes under the straw also has its drawbacks:
The cultivation of early potatoes allows not only to be fenced with fresh vegetables, but also to make a profit. To obtain a good crop, follow these rules:
To obtain an early potato, landing should occur in early April. Often at this time the soil is not ready for landing in the open soil. Therefore, it is better to plant tubers in peat pots, planting seedlings. To protect young sprouts from frosts, a plot can be covered with agrofiber.
The cultivation of Dutch potatoes provides for the formation of wide parties. The tubers plant in the ridges and pay special attention to good soil adhesion. This method involves strict rules for cultivation. After all, it is necessary to use high-quality tubers, fertilizers and trees with herbicides should be carried out in a timely manner.
Between the ridges should be a distance of 75-100 cm, between tubers - 30 cm. In summer period The landing is poured 3 times, and the dips occurs by falling asleep by the ridges of the ground from the ridges. This method allows you to collect from 1 bush to 2 kg of selected crop.
This method involves planting potatoes in squares of 1 x 1 m. At the same time, tubers are stacked down. After germination, the Earth is introduced into the center of the bush. As soon as the first leaflets appear, the soil reappeats. Add Earth until it is time for the bush will not grow. With high-quality and timely care, the yield with 1 bush can be 15 kg.
In this region, favorable days for disembarking clubs are coming in early May. The folk sign says that potatoes must be planted in the period when the first leaflets are achieved on the birch.
The planting method is chosen based on the quality of the soil. For example, a row, smooth and adhesive methods can be used on the chernozem.
For growing potatoes in this region, it is better to give its preference to medium-grained varieties:
The cultivation conditions of potatoes depend primarily from the variety of plants. In Siberia, it is hard to grow a large number of potatoes due to short summer. Already at the end of March begin to prepare tubers for landing. They are placed in boxes for germination. Located landing material in May in the ridges or rows. When you first enhance the plant fall asleep completely.
The early harvest varieties in mid-August, late - in early October. As soon as the tops darkens, it must be mounted. And after 7 days, you can proceed to the harvest.
Fertilize the soil in the fall.
Varieties that land in Siberia:
In the Urals, the weather is unpredictable. Here and in June, frost can happen.
Since autumn, it should be prepared for landing a plot. It covers bevelled grass or straw. The rotation process is accompanied by the release of heat, which means that the tubers can be planted in May. From above, planting material is covered with straw.
In this region, it is better to plant such varieties:
Many consider Belarus in this country this vegetable is called "second bread". The country is in 3 climatic zones, so you can use various methods Landing tubers. The common varieties that are grown in Belarus include:
Gestroinated tubers are planted when the soil warms up to 10 o C. Planting the tubers in the cold land, the first shoots can be seen much later.
This region is characterized by dry and hot summer. Therefore, the ideal way to plant potatoes is a landing for the film. It is advisable to pre-deep plowing. The bushes must be located at a distance of 50 cm from each other. The width of the garden is 70 cm.
It is better to give preference to early grades, because the planting material is necessary as soon as possible. So tubers will have time to capture the spring waters before the heat. Perfect varieties are:
Early potato varieties can be used to clean already in mid-June.
To get a good potato harvest, it is necessary not only to correctly pick up a plant grade. It is necessary to consider the features of the region, choosing the right way to plant. Do not forget that the competent approach to care also allows you to increase the yield of the plant.
