Pepper is a demanding crop, before starting to grow it, you need to study all the nuances of this process. Correct fit and outdoor care will help you get a rich and healthy harvest of this vegetable.
Pepper is considered a demanding crop, so quality fruits can only be harvested when done necessary conditions cultivation. Experienced gardeners rejoice every year with good harvests, but newcomers face some challenges. Even on strong and healthy bushes, only a couple of poor quality fruits grow, or the ovaries fall off. To get a rich harvest, you should study the key rules for growing this vegetable.
The process of growing peppers must take place under the following conditions:
When growing, care should be taken that the seedlings develop when correct temperature were provided with sufficient lighting, moisture and fertilizer.
Gardeners who do not have a greenhouse start planting seeds in February. If the deadlines are met in May, the seedlings will be about 90-100 days old. Pepper has a negative attitude to diving, so the planting of grains should be done in a peat pot, the diameter of which is 8-10 cm. Larger containers are inappropriate, so the roots develop slowly. You can also plant in a coconut substrate or in a soil with a hydrogel that helps to maintain moisture.
The soil mixture for pepper should have a loose structure. A composition of two parts of humus is welcomed, to which 1 part of sand and 1 part of soil are added. For every kilogram of such a substrate, one large spoonful of ash will be required.
The soil must be present neutral acidity. Otherwise liming will be required. A little rotted peat and sand can be added to loams. Humus and sod land are added to the peat soil. For sandy soil, you need some sawdust with humus.
For seeds, a pre-planting treatment should be carried out, which consists in soaking in water. The future pepper will be in the water for about five hours, temperature regime which is 50 degrees. Then the grains are placed in a damp cloth for a couple of days. The temperature in the room should reach 20 degrees Celsius. With the help of such measures, the pepper will begin to sprout the next day after planting.
Decontamination of the grains will also be required. For this, a manganese solution is used, in which the future pepper is soaked for 30 minutes. This is followed by flushing in tap water. Many agricultural technicians use special growth stimulants. The Epin product has proven itself well.
Sown peppers should be watered and placed on the surface of the container under plastic or glass. Until seedlings emerge, it is necessary to provide a warm temperature. Lighting does not play an important role, so you can leave future seedlings in the dark. When the seedlings appear on the surface, a temperature of 26-28 degrees Celsius should be present in the daytime. For the night, 10-15 degrees is enough.
Excess moisture can cause black leg (a common disease). However, drying out of the soil mixture is unacceptable. Seedlings should be watered only with warm water, the temperature of which is 30 degrees. If you use cold liquid, the seedlings will become weak, start to hurt, which can be fatal. Experienced gardeners monitor the air condition in the room. Dryness should not be allowed, for this reason the seedlings should be sprayed and the room should be ventilated.
To grow good seedlings, you need to follow a few rules:
Seedlings will need an auxiliary light. In February, it needs to be lit from 7-21 hours. Before moving the seedlings to open ground, hardening, careful training of plants to sunlight, low temperatures and outdoor weather will be required. For this purpose, the seedlings are placed outside and the period of stay in new conditions is carefully increased. When hardening, you need to monitor the weather and exclude contact of pepper with frosts and low temperatures.
The pepper should grow in light soil. Preparatory measures for the site should be carried out one year before disembarkation. It will be necessary to introduce 5 kg of animal supplements under the previous plants (this dose is calculated per square meter of plantings). In autumn, 50 g of phosphates are added and a deep digging of the territory is carried out. In the spring season, ammonia nitrate (40 g) is added to the upper soil layers.
Five days before the time when the seedlings are planted in open ground, you should take care of disinfecting the earth. The procedure is carried out using a mixture of copper sulfate. One bucket of water will require one large spoonful of the substance.
The bushes should be transplanted to a permanent place of residence in May (end of the month) or in mid-June. When landing, the 40x40 scheme must be observed. It is permissible to place seedlings in greenhouses without heating in early April. For tunnel shelters, wait until late spring.
When planting in the holes, you should try to plant the pepper to a depth that is identical to the depth of the seedling container. It is important to plant the plant correctly without damaging the roots. Do not leave the root system open, add a drop in the root collar. Peppers do not like cold soil, so the beds should be raised 30-60 cm.
Pepper is susceptible to dusting, therefore when planting several varieties on the site, the seedlings should be located at a great distance from each other. If possible, tall tomatoes, corn or sunflowers should be planted between the bushes of sweet and other species.
A favorable period for replanting peppers is cloudy weather... At this moment, the young bush will not suffer from exposure to sunlight and quickly adapt to the new territory. Planting is carried out in recesses, the distance between which will depend on the variety used. The distance between the undersized crop should be 40 cm, for tall plants - 60 cm, for bitter ones - 25 cm.If 2 pieces are placed in the hole at once, the planting pattern will be 60x60.
When self-growing seedlings, before transplanting them to a permanent place, you should water the soil well. This makes it easier to pull out the earthy coma. Experienced gardeners, before diving, spray the seedlings with Strela, which provides protection against the attack of aphids.
If the soil is endowed with nutrients, it will be enough just to water the hole and place the seedling in it. With a lack of components, rotted compost, ash and superphosphates must be added to the hole. After that, you can start watering and planting the plant. At the last stage, the land is mulched.
In order for the pepper to give enviable harvests, it will need to be properly cared for. It is concluded in competent agricultural technology, which consists of several stages.
Gardeners living in the central part and in the northern regions often wonder what to do if the frost suddenly returns. The question is relevant, because pepper does not tolerate a cold snap and can die. Experienced gardeners they study the weather forecast in advance so that frosts do not come as a surprise to them.
Pepper is a plant that reacts painfully to the return of cold weather. The plant's immunity begins to decrease, which is why it is exposed to diseases. If the seedlings are hardened before planting in open ground, the pepper will be able to cope with climatic stresses more easily. Fertile soil makes it possible to transfer frost with less losses, but additional protection will still be required.
The following protection methods are used:
Sprinkling consists in the appearance of a thin ice crust on the bush. She will act as a defense. For sprinkling, simply spray the plants with water.
Smoke is considered to be a rather difficult method, which is allowed to be resorted only in calm weather. The use of this method is relevant if the temperature has not dropped below -4 degrees. Smoke heaps measuring 1x1.5 m should be located throughout the site. They can consist of wood and twigs (base), straw with leaves (middle), and earth (top layer). Equipped heaps are burned every night until the weather gets warmer.
Shelter of the bushes consists in the construction of special tents. They can be created from any material at hand: boxes, old clothes, plywood and other debris. Such structures are cleaned every morning. If the cold weather is prolonged, you can use plastic wrap.
The temperature must be controlled. The pepper will feel good at 20-25 degrees. If the thermometer drops below 13 degrees, you will need to create a shelter for the seedlings. If you neglect this rule, the bushes will begin to shed the ovaries.
You need to water the pepper bushes with settled water, the temperature of which is 24-26 degrees. Until flowering occurs, you need to moisten the soil once a week. The fluid consumption is 12 liters per square meter. If there is intense heat, watering is increased up to two times. When flowering and fruiting, seedlings need to be watered three times a week. The dosage is increased to 14 liters per square meter.
The root system of the pepper bushes is too delicate, so the plants need periodic loosening. With its help, the roots receive the required amount of air.
Features of loosening.
In order for the pepper to delight its owners with large fruits, each bush should be shaped. The procedure is to remove excess shoots. All stepchildren who are located after the first fork must be removed entirely. They are of no use and only take nutrients from the plant, interfering with the fruiting process.
Thinning the crown will help each branch get enough air and light. Thickened bushes are not able to form many ovaries and are distinguished by small fruits. Pruning is done every two weeks. In rainy weather, the procedure will need to be done every 10 days. At the same time, the soil should be loosened so as not to disturb the seedlings once again.
Pepper has rather fragile shoots, so inaccurate actions can lead to injury to the bush. To exclude damage, experienced gardeners resort to tying tall plants to supporting posts.
You should resort to feeding peppers even before transplanting into open soil. Timely feeding makes it possible to grow high-quality and strong plants with a large number of large and healthy fruits. Seedlings need to be fed with nettle infusion. It is easy to prepare using one particle of nettle and ten parts of water. The resulting mixture should be infused for two days.
During the entire growing season, plants will need at least three feedings. The first portion will be required 14 days after planting. For her, you can use liquid mullein or chicken droppings.
Flowering bushes should be fed with herbal mixture. For this, you can use the foliage of dandelions, woodlice, coltsfoot, nettle and plantain. All of the herbs listed are crushed and mixed with a bucket of liquid mullein and 10 large tablespoons of ash. Then the mixture is diluted in a container with water (100 l) and left for 10 days. Each seedling will require 1 liter of the mixture. Such actions saturate the pepper with nutrients and make it more resistant to negative factors.
For intensively growing seedlings, the following feeding will be required:
This solution should be infused for 7 days. One bush requires 1.5 liters of nutrient mixture. After a couple of weeks, you can start the second feeding, which consists of 0.5 buckets of chicken droppings, a glass of urea, 1 bucket of mullein. The mixture should be infused in 100 liters of water for a week. Each square meter will require about 5 liters.
Appearance pepper can tell what substances it lacks:
During the cultivation of pepper, you should monitor its condition and alternate organic and mineral types of additives.
When picking the fruit, it should be understood that there are two types of ripeness:
If instant use of sweet peppers is planned, the assembly should begin when the peppers acquire a rich color. This is biological maturity. For storage and transportation, you need to pick more green fruits. This phase is called technical.
For spicy varieties, the rule works: the redder the sharper. Connoisseurs spicy dishes harvest after full ripening. Aroma lovers can pick the fruit during technical maturity.
Sweet and pungent peppers are classified as Nightshade. Such crops are considered demanding in relation to the place of cultivation, as well as to the choice of the preceding plants. Pepper is also critical to the neighborhood. To get high-quality fruits, you should read the advice of experienced people, which talk about next to which vegetables you can grow peppers.
The best neighbor for peppers is considered to be bush type beans, as well as legumes. Pests attacking pepper are afraid of the smell of legumes, so plants are less likely to be exposed to various diseases. At the same time, the bushes do not show competition for useful components and are not inclined to interfere with each other. For legumes, nitrogenous fertilizers are used, which are also necessary for peppers.
It is undesirable to plant peppers next to nightshade plant varieties. Tomatoes, eggplants, potatoes cannot grow in the same garden. Such crops should be located at different ends of the site. This is due to the fact that the listed vegetables suffer from identical diseases, so there is a high risk of the death of the entire crop.
It is impossible to dispose Bell pepper together with spicy bushes. This is due to the fact that the plants are prone to over-pollination, as a result of which the sweet variety will have a bitter taste.
In order to exclude depletion of the soil, to avoid attacks of pests and various kinds of diseases, the plants should alternate over the site in such a way that they return to their original place no earlier than three years later.
Peppers grow well after cruciferous plants. This suggests that you can combine seedlings with cabbage. You can also plant after pumpkin crops (zucchini and cucumbers), legumes (soybeans, beans), small-seeded (dill, carrots).
You should also familiarize yourself with the basic tips from gardeners, thanks to which you can grow a good harvest.
For pepper, you need to choose a container whose height is about 10-12 cm. This is due to the fact that the pepper is planted at a greater depth compared to the tomato.
The selection of a variety should be made based on the region in which the planting is planned. If there is a cool or short summer in the climatic zone, it is better to pay attention to undersized varieties or to hybrids. If you have a good greenhouse, you can choose any varieties.
Pepper loves warmth, so you shouldn't leave it on the windowsill next to the glass. At the same time, he loves warmth, although he is not prone to pulling, unlike tomatoes. During the opening of the cotyledon leaf at the point of growth, the development program is laid. If there is not enough light at this moment, then instead of a fork with the first bud, leaves will form, which will lead to a later ovary and the appearance of fruits.
When a couple of leaves appear on the seedlings, it is advisable to sprinkle with a Spring Cocktail or Healthy Garden once every 10 days. You will need a couple of grains of the product for 1 liter of water. These funds have a positive effect on seedlings and nourish them with useful components.
If there is a flowering process, but ovaries do not appear on the bushes, then the pepper is in uncomfortable conditions. The reason may be high level humidity, high temperatures, cold snap. To restore the process, you should use the "Bud" or "Ovary" tool. Processing should take place in the morning.
When choosing a permanent residence for pepper, you should give preference to sunny areas where there is no wind. If the weather is hot outside, the crop will need shading. It will be useful to mulch the soil with rotted straw, which will keep the soil moisture level in the required condition.
Pepper is susceptible to the length of daylight hours. Such a plant begins to bear fruit early if the daylight hours lasts less than 12 hours. This quality allows you to get a stable and high yield.
For information on how to grow peppers outdoors, see the video below.
Pepper is one of the most capricious vegetable crops, and its harvest directly depends on adherence to agricultural cultivation techniques. The most critical stage in the cultivation of a vegetable is planting seedlings. It is important to know how, where and with what to plant this popular garden crop. To get the maximum yield, it is important to figure out how to plant the peppers in the ground.
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When choosing the sowing time for seedlings, it is necessary to calculate the timing so that by the time the pepper is planted in open ground, the average daily temperature is at least 15-16 degrees. The soil should warm up to 10-12 degrees. In the Middle Lane, this happens around May 20-30. By this date, as a rule, the threat of frost has passed, from which the planted plants can suffer.
In more early dates planting pepper is not advisable, since low temperature air and soil will stress the plants. The growth of the vegetable will slow down, and with this, the harvest will be delayed. Hypothermia during planting will certainly cause a decrease in crop yield.
Seedlings by the time of planting should have 9-12 leaves. Early varieties at this stage already form the first buds. Unlike tomatoes, peppers can be planted during flowering. The optimum age of seedlings for placing them in open ground is 80-90 days. Plants less than 70 days old are too weak to adapt to external conditions with difficulty. The harvest from such seedlings will be late and too small.
Overgrown seedlings are not suitable for planting. You can often find the recommendations of vegetable growers that pepper should be sown in early February. But by the time such plants are ready to plant in open ground, the air temperature is not high enough. As a result, the plants grow old instead of entering the stage of active fruiting.
It is recommended to sow seedlings for growing in open ground no earlier than the beginning of March - late varieties, mid-March - early ones. With such a sowing time, the seedlings will be ideally prepared by the time the planting temperature is favorable.
In order for the pepper to successfully adapt to the new growing conditions, the seedlings must be hardened before being placed in open ground. Two weeks before disembarkation, boxes with seedlings are taken out into the street.
In the early days, the seedling walk should last 2-3 hours. The place for installing the boxes is selected in such a way that the direct rays of the sun do not fall on the plants, and the stems do not suffer from gusts of wind. Plants must be placed under a canopy and protected from the windy side with some kind of device.
Gradually, the time spent on the fresh air of the boxes is increased. In the afternoon, the boxes are exposed to the sun. By the middle of the second week of hardening, the boxes with pepper are left outside for the whole day, and brought into the room at night. Alternatively, you can build a mini-greenhouse for seedlings using a film thrown over an arched frame. Then you don't have to move the boxes to the street and to the house. It will be enough to slightly open the film from the end during the day and close it at night.
IMPORTANT. If the seedlings are not accustomed to the sun's rays, in the first days after planting, the peppers will burn and shed all the leaves formed. Have a good harvest you can't get it out of such material.
The choice of a place for planting peppers must be approached reasonably. This culture will not thrive in the shade. The area for pepper should be in the most illuminated place for the maximum part of the day.
The second important condition is wind protection. It is recommended to additionally protect the crop from drafts by using an embankment next to the bed on the leeward side. You can plant pepper on the south side of the house, so it will receive maximum heat and sunlight, which means it will feel great.
The soil for growing pepper should be slightly acidic, light and moisture-permeable. You cannot plant this vegetable in loam, in which air access to the roots will be limited. The best precursors of pepper are carrots, onions, cucumbers. Pepper should not be placed in areas where it grew in the previous year. Eggplants and tomatoes are also unacceptable as precursors, since they are prone to the same diseases.
The site for planting is prepared in the fall. When digging in the fall, a bucket of compost is added to one square. Half a bucket of sawdust and a glass of wood ash. During the spring digging, an additional half a bucket of humus or compost is added. Experienced gardeners advise shedding the area prepared for planting pepper with a solution of copper sulfate, in a ratio of 2 tablespoons to 5 liters of water. This amount of disinfecting solution is consumed per 1 square meter of soil.
It is advisable to form a bed for disembarkation in a day. This is necessary for the soil to settle slightly and compact, then the planted peppers will not deepen to an undesirable height. For pepper it is recommended to do high beds, 25-30 centimeters at least. If you build a wooden or metal formwork for the garden, the soil can be raised to a height of 40-50 centimeters. This height will help place the root system of the naughty vegetable in the warmed-up soil. Low beds will cause the roots to be cold.
IMPORTANT. It is impossible to plant seedlings of bitter and sweet peppers nearby, since this culture is prone to over-pollination. Landings different kind should be located as far apart as possible. Planting corn, sunflower or tomato is effective as a barrier between different varieties of pepper. If you ignore this rule, all planted peppers will become bitter.
The main condition for obtaining a rich harvest of pepper is warmth. This culture is especially demanding on the temperature in which the roots are located. Ideal conditions for the root system of pepper - a warm bed.
For its device, a trench is being dug 50-60 centimeters deep and 80-90 centimeters wide. To ensure the required height when laying the layers, it is advisable to use a wooden or metal case on the soil surface around the perimeter of the bed. A layer of sand 10-12 centimeters is poured at the bottom. To protect against rodents, the bottom is covered metal mesh... Then some medium-sized branches are laid as drainage.
Straw or last year's tops of carrots, cucumbers, beets are laid on the drainage layer. Alternatively, you can pour foliage harvested in the fall. Rotted manure is added to this layer and everything is mixed. Horse manure has the highest temperature, which can keep the temperature of 60-70 degrees inside the soil for 1-1.5 months, cow manure is suitable for use. It is not recommended to use pig and sheep manure as biofuel.
ATTENTION. Fresh manure should not be placed in the garden bed, as it will burn the roots of the plants.
A warm layer must be shed with a biological product to accelerate the decomposition processes in it. The warming layer must be thoroughly tamped, and fertile soil 30-40 centimeters high should be poured onto it. This height is necessary so that the pepper roots are only in the soil and do not reach the bed insulation.
The garden bed prepared in this way is spilled hot water and cover with a black film. The preparation procedure is carried out 7-8 days before the disembarkation of the seedlings. If you do it right. The timing of moving pepper seedlings into open ground is approaching by 1-2 weeks. In addition, the roots that are in such a bed on biofuel receive additional nutrients for development. Pepper harvest on warm bed 25-30% more. Than with conventional cultivation.
How to plant peppers in open ground so that the seedlings quickly take root? The soil in boxes with seedlings is watered abundantly a day before the intended planting in the ground. This is necessary so that when removed from the box, the small roots of the pepper are not damaged. If the seedlings are grown in pots, there is no need for such watering.
It is advisable to move the peppers into the open ground in the late afternoon, when the sun begins to set, or on a cloudy day. This will prevent the plants from being overly exposed to sunlight, and they will better tolerate transplanting. If you plant a pepper in the very heat, it will wither, and then it will take a long time to return to normal. 1-2 hours before the extraction of plants, the soil in the boxes is watered again. Then, with a large, sharp knife, the aisles are cut to separate the roots that have grown together with each other. To separate the soil with roots from the bottom and edges of the box, they are tapped with the palm of the hand.
The pepper planting scheme depends on the variety:
Possible square-nest landing, with a side of squares 60X60. With this method, planting two plants in one hole is permissible. The square-nested planting is recommended for early undersized varieties and for hot and bitter peppers.
For each plant, a hole is made so deep that the root system fits in it at full height. Bending the spines up or to the side is unacceptable. Each hole is spilled with warm, settled water at the rate of 2-3 liters. Then a handful of humus and a little wood ash are added to the soil.
The bush is carefully removed from the box with a part of the soil. There is no need to shake the earth from the roots, on the contrary, it is worth trying to keep the clod of earth as much as possible. The bush is placed in the center of the hole and the soil is poured, lightly tamping. Pepper seedlings are buried in the ground to the same height at which they were in the seedling box. It is impossible to deepen the stem of the pepper strongly, since, unlike tomatoes, it does not form additional roots and can rot.
Peppers grown in cups are placed in a hole along with an earthen lump. The holes for such seedlings should be wider and deeper so that the clod of earth fits completely in them.
After planting, the seedlings are watered, the soil is mulched with peat. For tall varieties, it is recommended to immediately install a garter peg next to the bush. It is placed in the ground at a distance of 10-15 centimeters from the stem, so as not to damage the roots.
The desire to grow on your own site the maximum amount different cultures leads to the fact that the yield of each decreases. This is due to the fact that not all plants can get along with joint plantings. At the same time, there is a combination of crops, which, on the contrary, has a beneficial effect on plants.
Plants are selected depending on the growing conditions, the similarity of the requirements for the composition of the soil. Tomatoes are ideal neighbors for peppers. They have similar conditions of care, requirements for soil moisture and lighting. Kohlrabi (but not other types of cabbage), carrots, and onions can be planted next to the pepper. Such a neighborhood will not cause any conflicts.
Do not plant beets or legumes next to peppers. These crops have different watering and soil composition requirements, so they can interfere with each other.
The pepper planted in the ground looks sluggish and painful for the first week. This phenomenon is associated with the poor tolerance of moving plants into a new environment. Roots master the new soil gradually, and soon the plants take on the appearance corresponding to the culture. In order for the seedlings to quickly adapt to the external environment, it must be shaded in the early days.
The first watering of the planted seedlings is carried out on the third - fourth day. Waterlogging of the soil in the first days is not desirable, since the roots are not yet able to absorb water and may begin to rot. Two weeks after planting, fertilizing is carried out with mineral fertilizers.
If the seedlings have reached a height of 20-25 centimeters, the crown is removed from it. This technique causes the growth of new side shoots, on which color is formed, and then fruits.
Pepper is one of the vegetable crops that contain a lot of useful vitamins.
The culture belongs to the genus Solanaceae. In our growing conditions, pepper is an annual plant.
Agrotechnical measures for pepper are a little easier than for tomatoes, since it does not need to be pinned.
The plant is grown for a variety of culinary purposes and more.
The process of growing this crop is a very creative process. And you need to do this business only at a time when you are in a great mood. And with such a mood, you will get not only good seedlings, but also a high yield.
This article will tell you about all the aspects of crop cultivation.
There are biological and morphological characteristics of pepper that you need to know. We will talk about them below.
What refers to morphological characteristics:
What are biological features:
The soil for planting peppers should be both fertile and moist.
All the nuances of different soils:
To prepare the soil for planting pepper, fertilizers are applied to it. For one square meter, you need to add: one glass of wood ash; superphosphate; one tablespoon of potassium sulfate and one teaspoon of urea.
After adding all the components the soil needs to be dug, while making the beds thirty centimeters high. Further, the leveled surface of the earth is watered with a solution of water and mullein (in the amount of half a liter per bucket of water) or a solution of sodium humate (at the rate of one tablespoon per bucket of water).
About four liters of solution are consumed per square meter of land. After the measures taken, the soil is ready for planting pepper.
There are the following pepper varieties: sweet and spicy. Sweet varieties include: "Gladiator", "Litsedei", "Victoria", "Ermak", "Zaznayka" and many others. Spicy varieties include: "Chile", "Ukrainian bitter", "Vietnamese bouquet" and others.
Pepper seedlings are very fond of organic fertilizers... Feeding with such fertilizers can be done every ten days.
The spiked seedlings love foliar feeding. Fertilizer Kemira Kombi is suitable for this, it contains a lot of microelements. With a diluted fertilizer solution, you need to spray the leaves of the plant both from above and below. This event should be carried out in the early morning, before the sun's rays appear.
Foliar feeding of the plant should be alternated with watering the culture.
When a yellowish color appears on the leaves, this indicates a lack of nitrogen.
We must not forget water the culture and make sure that there is no waterlogging or draining of the soil. Rare watering lead to leaf fall and plant wilting. And excessive watering leads to poor performance of the root system of the plant.
Before planting, you must first harden the culture, this is done fourteen days before planting the pepper in the ground. Hardening begins with a positive temperature of 15 degrees, and very slowly lower it, but not less than + 11 ° C.
Planting pepper is best done in the evening. It is necessary to observe a distance between rows of about 65 cm and between seedlings 40 cm.And you can also use the square-nesting method (60x60 cm or 70x70 cm) and plant two or three plants in one hole.
To keep the plant free of floors it is necessary when planting set pegs(during the growth period, it is better not to install the pegs, since you can harm the root system of the plant) for which in the future the bush will be tied up.
After planting, the pepper takes root very slowly, in order to promote better air circulation in the soil, you need to gently loosen the soil around the pepper.
For peppers, the growing season is on average a little over three months, so the preparation of pepper seeds begins in January. The timing of planting a crop mainly depends on how the plant will take root in the open field. In warm areas, planting pepper seeds is carried out until mid-March, and for the middle lane, planting is carried out in February. And they are planted in the ground at the end of May.
In the third decade of May or early July, pepper seedlings are already planted in the prepared beds.
The distance between the rows should be about 60 cm, and the distance between the seedlings should be 40 cm.
And you can also use the square-nesting method (60x60 cm or 70x70 cm) and plant two or three plants in one hole.
If you are planting several varieties of pepper, then they need to be planted as far as possible between them, since the crops are pollinated.
In the fight against all sorts of diseases and pests (for example: white rot, black leg, Colorado potato beetle, various slugs), folk remedies can help.
Many crops that grow nearby can also take care of their neighboring growing crops, as well as protect them from various diseases and pests.
You can also water the plant with various solutions every fourteen days for preventive purposes.
Caring for the crop consists in properly moistening the soil, tying up the plant, weeding and feeding the plant.
Watering peppers outdoors is very important to the crop. The ground must be constantly moist. If the soil is dry, the plant may not develop well. If there are small atmospheric plantings, then the watering of the culture should be reduced, and if the precipitation is constant, then the watering should be stopped altogether.
Planting pepper seedlings in open ground is very important point, therefore, you need to approach it as responsibly as possible. The future fate of the plants depends on how successfully the seedlings are planted in the ground: whether they will take root in a new place or not, whether they will get sick, how they will adapt to new living conditions, whether they will give a good harvest. You have been preparing for this moment for several months, spending time and energy on preparing pepper seeds for sowing, planting seeds for seedlings, diving and growing seedlings. Halfway already passed. It remains to plant seedlings in open ground, to provide her proper care and wait for the cherished pepper to ripen.
By the time of planting in the ground, pepper seedlings should have 8 - 12 leaves. Pepper seedlings can be planted in the ground at the stage of formation of the first buds.
By the time of landing, the average daily temperature should be at the level of 15 - 17 ° C heat. The threat of spring frosts should be over by this time. The soil temperature at the planting depth should be at least 10 - 12 ° C. Planting seedlings too early in open ground is dangerous because at low soil temperatures, the growth and development of plants is inhibited, and the likelihood of diseases increases. In addition, peppers do not tolerate frost well.
Pepper seedlings, intended for cultivation in a greenhouse, are planted in the ground from 1 to 15 May. Pepper seedlings are planted in open ground on May 10-30, while the seedlings must be covered with a film.
When choosing a plot for pepper in your garden, please note that pepper cannot be planted in the place where it grew in the previous year, as well as where potatoes, tomatoes, eggplants, physalis, and tobacco used to grow. It is better to opt for the site where cucumbers, cabbage, legumes, pumpkin crops, root crops, greens grew last year.
The area for pepper should be well lit, protected from the wind, free of weeds, the soil on it should be fertile enough, well drained and retain moisture.
If the soil on the site loamy, before planting pepper seedlings, it must be fertilized. For 1 m 2 of soil, add 1 bucket of well-rotted manure and peat, as well as half a bucket of half-rotted sawdust.
If the soil in the garden clayey and dense, in addition to humus and peat per 1 m 2 of soil, you should additionally add 1 bucket of coarse sand and 1 bucket of half-rotted sawdust.
For the preparation of peat 1 bucket of humus and 1 bucket of turfy soil (you can clay) add a plot for pepper seedlings per 1 m 2 of soil.
For fertilization sandy beds for 1 m 2 of soil, you need to add 2 buckets of peat and clay soil, 2 buckets of humus and 1 bucket of sawdust.
A week before planting pepper seedlings, the garden filled with fertilizers is watered abundantly.
The most favorable time for planting pepper seedlings in the ground is the second half of a cloudy day or a warm evening.
Before planting seedlings, it is necessary to mark the ridges and prepare the holes. The planting pattern for pepper largely depends on the method of irrigation and on the height of the variety.
Low-growing varieties peppers are planted at a distance of 30 - 40 cm from each other, tall- at a distance of 60 cm. The distance between the beds should be about 60 cm.
Peppers can be grown in a square-nesting way, planting seedlings at the same distance of 60x60 cm and placing 2 plants in each hole at once.
When growing pepper on drip irrigation seedlings are planted in a tape manner according to schemes 90 + 50x35-45 cm or 70 + 70x35-45 cm.
Hole depth should be slightly larger than the height of the seedling cup or pot.
Sweet and bitter pepper planted in different beds away from each other, since they can become pollinated, as a result of which the fruits of sweet peppers become bitter. Hot peppers planted more densely: the distance between plants in a row is 25 cm, row spacing is 45 - 50 cm.
Instructions for planting pepper seedlings:
In the first 8 - 10 days after planting seedlings in the ground, the pepper looks sluggish, painful and practically does not grow. This is due to the fact that in the process of transplanting, no matter how hard you try, the root system of the pepper is still slightly damaged. Getting into a new habitat, the plant experiences stress. Peppers need some time to adapt to new conditions.
After planting pepper seedlings in the ground, it is very important not to overdo it with watering, as fragile roots can rot. If possible, for the first time after planting, it is advisable to daily monitor the condition of the seedlings and slightly moisten the soil in the area of the stem (100 - 150 ml of water per plant every day). First real watering carried out no earlier than a week after planting seedlings in the ground.
To help the pepper seedlings set in quickly, you can loosen the soil in the root zone a little. Such surface loosening provides an additional flow of oxygen and helps plants adapt more quickly.
To have a better understanding of the process of planting pepper, we recommend watching a video on this topic.
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Planting pepper seedlings in open ground is a very important point, so you need to approach it as responsibly as possible. The future fate of the plants depends on how successfully the seedlings are planted in the ground: whether they will take root in a new place or not, whether they will get sick, how they will adapt to new living conditions, whether they will give a good harvest. You have been preparing for this moment for several months, spending time and energy on , , ... Halfway already passed. It remains to plant the seedlings in open ground, provide it with proper care and wait for the coveted pepper to ripen.
By the time of planting in the ground, pepper seedlings should have 8 - 12 leaves. Pepper seedlings can be planted in the ground at the stage of formation of the first buds.
By the time of landing, the average daily temperature should be at the level of 15 - 17 ° C heat. The threat of spring frosts should be over by this time. The soil temperature at the planting depth should be at least 10 - 12 ° C. Planting seedlings too early in open ground is dangerous because at low soil temperatures, the growth and development of plants is inhibited, and the likelihood of diseases increases. In addition, peppers do not tolerate frost well.
Pepper seedlings, intended for cultivation in a greenhouse, are planted in the ground from 1 to 15 May. Pepper seedlings are planted in open ground on May 10 - 30, while the seedlings must be covered with a film.
When choosing a plot for pepper in your garden, note that pepper cannot be planted in the place where it grew in the previous year, as well as where potatoes, tomatoes, eggplants, physalis, and tobacco used to grow. It is better to opt for the site where cucumbers, cabbage, legumes, pumpkin crops, root crops, greens grew last year.
The area for pepper should be well lit, protected from the wind, free of weeds, the soil on it should be fertile enough, well drained and retain moisture.
If the soil on the siteloamy, before planting pepper seedlings, it must be fertilized. 1 m2 soil, add 1 bucket of well-rotted manure and peat, as well as half a bucket of half-rotted sawdust.
If the soil in the gardenclayeyand dense, except for humus and peat per 1 m2 additional soil should be added 1 bucket of coarse sand and 1 bucket of half-rotted sawdust.
For the preparation of peatplot for seedlings of pepper on 1 m2 soil add 1 bucket of humus and 1 bucket of turfy soil (you can clay).
For fertilization sandy beds for 1 m 2 soil you need to add 2 buckets of peat and clay soil, 2 buckets of humus and 1 bucket of sawdust.
A week before planting pepper seedlings, the garden filled with fertilizers is watered abundantly.
The most favorable time for planting pepper seedlings in the ground is the second half of a cloudy day or a warm evening.
Before planting seedlings, it is necessary to mark the ridges and prepare the holes. The planting pattern for pepper depends largely on the irrigation method and on the height of the variety.
Low-growing varieties peppers are planted at a distance of 30 - 40 cm from each other,tall- at a distance of 60 cm. The distance between the beds should be about 60 cm.
Peppers can be grown in a square-nesting way, planting seedlings at the same distance of 60x60 cm and placing 2 plants in each hole at once.
When growing pepperon drip irrigation seedlings are planted in a tape manner according to schemes 90 + 50x35-45 cm or 70 + 70x35-45 cm.
Hole depthshould be slightly larger than the height of the seedling cup or pot.
Sweet and bitter pepperare planted in different beds away from each other, since they can become pollinated, as a result of which the fruits of the sweet pepper become bitter. Hot peppers are planted more densely: the distance between plants in a row is 25 cm, row spacing is 45-50 cm.
Instructions for planting pepper seedlings:
In the first 8 - 10 days after planting seedlings in the ground, the pepper looks sluggish, painful and practically does not grow. This is due to the fact that in the process of transplanting, no matter how hard you try, the root system of the pepper is still slightly damaged. Getting into a new habitat, the plant experiences stress. Peppers need some time to adapt to new conditions.
After planting pepper seedlings in the ground, it is very important not to overdo it with watering, as fragile roots can rot. If possible, for the first time after planting, it is advisable to daily monitor the condition of the seedlings and slightly moisten the soil in the area of the stem (100 - 150 ml of water per plant every day).First real watering carried out no earlier than a week after planting seedlings in the ground.
To help the pepper seedlings set in quickly, you can loosen the soil in the root zone a little. Suchsurface loosening provides an additional flow of oxygen and helps plants adapt more quickly.
