House, design, repair, decor. Yard and garden. Do it yourself

For foam blocks, the solution can be made from different components. Today we will look at how to put foam blocks per solution, which is necessary for this and what to pay attention to.

There is a difference in contrast to the brick. After all, this material is quite quickly drinking moisture, so the approach here will be different. Also on the video in this article you can see and additional information about this question.

Rules of laying foam blocks

Immediately decide which solution is needed for masonry foam blocks, it all depends on what you build. If this is not a big design, then it is quite possible to do and glue. If this is built at home, then it is better to apply the cement composition, its price will be significantly lower.

Cooking mortar

The proportions of the solution for laying foam blocks determine depending on the type of masonry.

Let's look at how to make a solution for laying foam blocks:

• If it is a house, then it is better to do it on the cement composition. And do not even think if you can put the foam blocks on cement mortar, And you need to do it. Moreover, for outer walls, it is better to add more cement to the solution with respect to the sand. For M300, it is necessary to apply the ratio of sand and cement 3/1
• If this is a simple partition in the house, then you can apply the proportions of the solution for laying foam blocks 4/1.
• The blocks have the right geometry, so a thin layer of solution can be applied here. Before cooking, sand and cement should be sifted. Then you will be separated by trash and there will be no lumps.
• You can make a warm solution for foam blocks, lime is simply added here and the composition will be more elastic.

ATTENTION: The solution for masonry of foam blocks of the proportion is selected depending on which brand you need a solution. The more cement, themes will be higher.

Valace of the first row

Now consider how to put the solution on the foam blocks and what to foresee. The initial row of foam block masonry is always performed with sand-cement mortar.

Technology is simple:

• One base is superimposed on top of the base. The mixture is placed on the mixture.
• Previously, the rubberoid was taken for these purposes, since there was no big choice. At this time, it is best to purchase rolled material from the series soft roof - hydroizol, rubleast and so on.
• The insulation is carried out by laying the first row of foam blocks.

What is better to use for foam blocks - glue or solution

Foam blocks having excellent geometry with a small geometric deviation in a size that will not be larger than a pair of millimeters, can be placed on glue.

This option has the following advantages:

• There is no so-called cold bridge. The uniformity of the thermal insulation characteristics of the wall is the main advantage of such a masonry;
• Small laboriousness. The amount of glue that should be seated, a couple of times less than the volume of the solution;
• Further finish does not cause difficulties. When the wall from blocks put on glue, it should come out absolutely even (in the contradiction, the mason can be expelled), so the finishing of a similar wall will cost several times less. There is no need for a huge amount of dry construction mixture, which is plastered and lines the walls. The consumption of putty for these works will be minimal.
• Glue for masonry walls can be both domestic and overseas. If in your region you can not find the required composition, foam blocks can be laid on the tiled glue, resistant to frozen.

ATTENTION: The main rule when conducting such works - there should be no voids in the seams. Usually, the adhesive spatula-bucket is taken to lay the adhesive. The solution must completely fill not only vertical, but also the seams horizontally.

• If the laying is carried out in a pair of rows (for example, blocks 200kh300x600 millimeters on the edge with the thickness of the walls of four hundred millimeters), then the gaps between the rows also need to be filled.
• When the material is carried out on the solution, then before this blocks are best wateted with water. Adhere to conventional proportions, that is, the cement is one piece, the sand is four. Here, of course, there may be an option with add special plasticizers.
• Consumption of the cement mortar on foam block masonry will depend on the volume of masonrybut it will be 4 times less from brickwork.

Reinforcing walls from blocks

Any masonry, including foam concrete blocks, must be reinforced. For these purposes every three - the four rows in the seams are laid a welded grid.

Attention: reinforcement performs several functions: additional protection From the occurrence of cracks and increased stability of the structure. For example, when building long interior partitions In monolithic houses, the laying is reinforced due to stability.

So:

• Due to the fact that the masonry mesh is made from the wire four - five millimeters in diameter (with a welded ligament, which increases the grid height several times), then it will cause difficulties during masonry on the adhesive mixture. There is one solution: I reinforce the masonry by reinforcement, cutting small grooves for it. Foam concrete can be treated without any problems, so there should be no difficulties. In order to cut the grooves in the masonry, you can use the strokesis, but if there is no, it is quite suitable for a disk saw or Bulgarian.
• Overlapping slabs should not be laid on the foamball itself, because the point load is created, which can exceed the permissible foam concrete strength. For a uniform load distribution, on top of the wall molded concrete armoomas height about twenty centimeters. If the brick cladding, the belt height should be equal to the height of two brick masonry. Due to the fact that the concrete belt lead to a violation of the thermal insulation characteristics of the wall, it must be further insulated.

Attention: in the average latitudes of our country, the usual thickness, for sufficient thermal insulation, is considered forty centimeters.

• In this case, we cast a belt from the reinforcement of 30 cm (this is quite enough to pirate the slabs of the overlap), and the remaining 10 cm are covered with insulation. It is put outside and closed with facing material. In some cases, the belt that is installed on top of the blocks can be replaced with a cheaper brickwork. This option is considered permissible in the case when planning overlapping on wood beams.
• The laying technology of walls from blocks implies the overlap of door and window openings by the U-shaped blocks. Their width should be the same as the wall thickness. Take for example the wall in forty centimeters. The U-unit, or rather its walls, have a thickness of 5 cm, as a result of a blank space - 30 cm. To block the window with a width of one hundred and thirty centimeters, it will be enough to fill with the concrete with a jumper 20 cm, and the residue will go to insulation. To separate a wider opening, it may take a special calculation of the jumper and a different type of insulation.

What should be known if you do your own hands:

• Do not prepare a large amount of solution at once. If you use special glue, it is worth considering that it must be spent for fifteen minutes;
• The optimal temperature at which the blocks stands are considered to be five to twenty-five degrees. If it is higher, then the material is constantly sprayed with water;
• Cement or glue is best to apply a toothed comb or a celma - as a result, the seams will be more even and thin. We apply a glue solution on the side and horizontal surfaces of the block;
• After the foam block is installed, it is pretty pressed. Then we put the level on it and align horizontally and vertically, closing the rubber hammer. The excess solution is removed using a simple spatula;
• After laying each third row, you need to check the vertical deviation of the plumbers, and the corners - level or level;
• Also do not forget about reinforcement. The reinforcement is placed in the grooves on the mixture, we apply the solution from above and put the following row;
• Before laying the following glad blocks, the surface of the previous one is thoroughly determined, we remove all irregularities with a construction grater, dust by a brush or use the vacuum cleaner for these purposes;
• If the unit does not fit completely, it is cut with a simple hacksaw, after which it thoroughly clean the slice;
• The laying of foam concrete blocks should be carried out with the dressing. Each next row shifts towards another at least 10 cm, ideally - half.

What errors can be allowed when working

There are errors that are allowed most often:

• Incorrect laying of the starting series. Errors that were allowed when laying can lead to serious problems while working with the following. As a result, the walls of the structure will have deviations;
• Laying foam blocks with high humidity or rain, at a temperature - 10;
• Subcase filling of seams and negligent application of the mixture. The blocks during masonry absorb moisture from the solution, which provides a stronger adhesion. If the adhesive was incorrect, this may affect the thermal insulation properties and strength of the wall;
• Neglecting such a stage as cleaning dust. Dirt prevents the normal connection of blocks. Over time, flaws may be formed in these places;
• If you forgive the moment reinforcement, it can weaken the design. When the soil shrink is shrouded on the walls, cracks will be formed. Do not forget that the opening of windows and doors must be subjected to reinforcement in obligatory;

Construction of partitions

For the laying of this element indoors, blocks of fifty thickness are used to a hundred fifty millimeters.

• The masonry makes the same way as for exterior walls. On the ceiling, the walls and floor in the coloring thread causes the lines of future partitions. To this process, it is necessary to approach very seriously, because even a slight deviation from the vertical can affect the stability and strength of the entire structure. You can perform guides, pull the rope or make a frame from the profile for drywall.
• The surface of the adjunct is cleaned, processed by primer. On the laying line, located on the floor, causes a solution and lay out the initial row.
• Check the quality level and correct the inaccuracy with a rubber hammer. The following row begins with half
• To strengthen the strength of the entire design to the bearing walls, you can insert anchor in advance or every third row inland partitions Fasten to the bearing wall anchors.
• The space between the ceiling and the last next to foam on the perimeter of the masonry after forty-eight hours from the moment the partition is built.

We are waving foam block walls

In our country, the house is extremely popular, so this material is most often used for cladding.

• In this case, the laying of foam blocks and cladding is carried out in parallel. Every two - three rows need to be associated with facing, or make the release of the masonry wall. A variant with fiberglass bonds of a pin-view is also considered.
• In the last version, they must be located around the perimeter of a row in a step of forty centimeters. The airspace between foam blocks and facing is not required. Use of such material for construction country cottages Opens infinite features for wall decoration.
• A sufficiently durable surface of the block makes it possible to use any options for facade putty and plasters, a siding, wild stone, clinker tiles and so on. In this case, the choice of material is limited only by financial capabilities and fantasy of the customer himself.

What mortar put foam blocks you now know, and how it is done. Now you can make the necessary calculations and start buying components. The instruction will not let you allow mistakes.

Laying foam blocks with your own hands the process is not as complex M Most importantly fast. After all, it has a large volume and space is quickly filled. How to lay foam blocks we will look at today.

For all there are its own technologies and blocks in this no exception. On the video in this article you can see the entire work process. The instruction will also be proposed and you will not miss anything.

Focoblock Masonry Technology

Laying foam block with your own hands is done on the solution, and it must also be chosen. Immediately it should be noted that if there is no external decoration of the plane, then it is best to use a mixture based on cement. It is best to carry the temperature differences and high humidity.

Solutions used

Laying foam blocks in two rows or one, does not matter.

You must immediately decide on the solution:

Cement-sandy classic solution	It is preparing in such a relation: 1 part of cement and 4 parts of sand, water depending on the consistency of the solution. In such solutions, you can enter additional additives that improve the main specifications Mixtures. Price this material Not high, can be used for laying not very high quality blocks. But there is also a deficiency due to wide seams obtained by the use of such a solution, the thermal conductivity of the entire structure increases.
Limestone	This solution is used quite often: The solution is light, it is evenly distributed along the plane and fills the seam; There is a disadvantage, it is not necessary to leave it open, it is better to apply it when you still make a plane facing.
Special glue	It is sold in a dry form and water is added before applying into a dry mixture, to obtain the desired density of the solution. The thickness of the seams after using a special solution can lie within 2-3 mm. Pros: the possibility of obtaining such seams, simplicity of cooking, good stuff strength, reducing heat loss. Cons: It is advisable to use high-quality formulations, masonry should trust professionals who can lay foam blocks.
Tile glue	Conventional frost-resistant glue for tiles. Tile adhesives are designed not only for laying tiles, but they can be used to masonry foam blocks, especially since they can be applied in external work. Focoblock masonry technology involves the use of reinforcement, which is made using metal grid or fittings that fit in pre-cut grooves on the surface of the foam blocks.

Laying foam blocks for cement solutions

In principle, the masonry on other compositions is no different. The principle of performing the work is the same.

Preparing tools and materials

The tool for laying foam blocks is needed, as for masonry brick.

And the list is as follows:

• Capacity for the knead, it is better if there is no rigid ribs in it. Then you can make a high-quality knee;
• Havesaw or Bulgarian with a disc, there must be a small tooth. Then the incision will be smooth;
• It will take Kelma;
• Shovel for kneading solution.
• Unnecessary buckets, because after a cement solution is unlikely to be used somewhere.
• Building level.
• Lacing.
• Rubber hammer.
• Stretch (Kelm).
• River sand or mountain.
• Cement brand M400.
• Water with soap solution.

ATTENTION: It is also necessary to properly prepare a place for masonry. You must move freely. On the panel staircase, the work will not go. It is best to purchase or rent scaffolding.

Preparation of solution

Since all tools and consumables Already in place, you can safely start kneading the solution:

1. Dry ingredients, such as sand and cement at the rate of 1 part of the cement and 3 parts of the sand, are poured into the container.
2. First you should take a shovel and mix dry components, after which water is added to the mixture with small portions, so as not to "miss" with a dense solution. At this stage, soap water or plasticizers should be added to the solvent.
3. In the case of a concrete mixer, a sequence of actions is somewhat different: first in the concrete mixer 1 bucket of water is poured, then 1 cement bucket is covered there. At the same time, the concrete mixer must constantly work. After the cement with water is well stirred, 3 buckets of sand are added to them. The output should be a solution of necessary density. If this fails, not a lot of water or a couple of sand shovers can be added to the mixture. It will not affect the quality of the solution.
4. In the process of operation, the solution should be stirred regularly so that it does not fly away, and the mass was constantly homogeneous. In order for the work not seemed very hard, you can offer several tips:
5. At elevated air temperature, the masonry can be constantly sprinkled with water, and at the end of work, the laying is desirable to hide the film so as not to force the drying process.

Masonry technique

By purchasing foam blocks, it is necessary, first of all, pay attention to the quality, which will be evidenced by their appearance.

ATTENTION: Do not take foam blocks made using the formation technology, if the construction of not a business building is assumed, and the responsible structure. On such foam blocks, traces of lubricant remain, which reduce the adhesion of materials. For this, the blocks produced using cutting technology are better. They are distinguished by proper geometric shapes and a clean surface.

So:

• The first number of blocks is necessarily placed on the solution, regardless of which compositions will be applied later. It is necessary in order to highlight the first row very high quality, since the seam thickness will allow to adjust each block.
• The subsequent layers are laid out by the method of ordinary brickwork, with mandatory dressing of seams. This means that the vertical seam of each previous layer must be found at least than 20 cm from the edge of the subsequent block. In other words, the blocks are laid out in a checker order, following the seams filled by 100%, otherwise the desired quality, based on the characteristics of the material, will not work.
• For greater strength, the design should not be forgotten about the reinforcement. This also applies to the construction of jumpers over door and window openings. They are poured with concrete solution, having equipped formwork before this and putting inside the formwork metal carcass For reinforcement.

• According to the same technology, Armopoyas is built: formwork is established, the metal framework is placed around the perimeter and poured concrete. The height of the Armopoyas can lie between 10 to 20 cm, depending on the foam block area.
• Laying foam block into two rows or one is done taking into account the dressing. Seam should never coincide in the coincidence.
• In the process of masonry, special attention should be paid to filling the seams. They must be filled as much as possible, otherwise there will be significant losses.
• Every 3-5 rows are mandatory reinforcement.
• For a uniform distribution of the load on a foam design, a solid armooyash is formed on top of the foam concrete masonry, based on concrete fill.
• Before starting masonry, you do not need to forget about the waterproofing layer. It can be arranged by placing a couple of rubberoid layers.

• Start laying from corners, carefully exposing foam blocks using a building level. Then, between the angles, the rope is stretched, which will serve as a lighthouse, when laying a simpleness.

Foam block masonry

If foam concrete blocks are acceptable, the adhesive compositions can be used for their laying.

In this case, the order of action is as follows:

1. For masonry on glue, blocks having geometric errors are suitable for no more than 1 mm. This is very important because the seam thickness can be no more than 2-3 mm.
2. As mentioned above, the first row is stacked on the cement-sandy solution, while it is thoroughly controlling each laid block. From how much the first row will be, it turns out both the wall. In the process of masonry, it is possible to use a rubber hammer to form a foam block in its place.
3. Subsequent rows are laid out on glue. The glue is applied to the surface of the blocks with a toothed spatula. The thickness of the layer is no more than 5 mm, which when installing the unit decreases to 2-3 mm. During application, it should be monitored so that the adhesive can be distributed over the entire surface to the uniform layer.
4. In the process of masonry, it is necessary to control the smooth masonry using building level And plumb.
5. Door and window jumpers are formed in the same way as in the previous case, applying concrete fill with mandatory reinforcement. In the same way the formation of armooyeas is made.
6. Every 3-5 rows fit the reinforcement for reinforcement, while special attention should be paid to the reinforcement of angles. Considering the fact that the thickness of the seams when using glue is minimal, then after the 3rd or 5th row through the perimeter, the groove is cut into the masonry center, into which the reinforcement is stacked and is poured with glue. Armature should not be higher than block levels.

And in conclusion, I would like to say that the structures from foam blocks should not be very loaded, and therefore it is better to mount the lungs, wooden roofs With the use of lungs roofing materials. This will increase the durability of foam block buildings.

The technology of laying foam blocks is completely unclear. The main thing is to do everything carefully and is not in a hurry. Performing work with your own hands is the key to quality, before starting it is worth seeing the photo and make a construction plan. After that, you can proceed.

The rules for laying foam blocks are due quality characteristics of this material. It should be remembered that it is less durable than brick. In the connection with high porosity, the mass of one unit is small. Of course, an experienced bricklayer will be much easier to build a house of foam blocks, but also a simple man in the street can cope with this task. It is enough to correctly choose a solution for masonry and not forget about some specific nuances of work.

First of all, it should be found out how purchased material was produced. An option is only two: blocks are either cast (molded) or cut. In the first case, foam concrete was covered in advance prepared forms of a certain size. In the second, a large monolithic plate was subsequently divided into blocks on the specified parameters.

Since the dimensions of cut -anny products are less than that of cast, rejected from the standard, you can prepare a glue solution for their masonry. The blocks at the same time fit so tightly to each other that the geometry of the building is almost perfect. Saving time is also significant.

For molded foam blocks, a conventional solution of sand and cement is prepared. It is so possible to level the errors in size and irregularities. The solution fills the gaps, preventing the appearance of loopholes to enter the cold house from the street. The main condition - before work, the surface of the block connected with the solution must be moistened. Otherwise, due to uneven drying, masonry strength will suffer.

Order laying blocks

Regardless of the type of foam blocks, their number is mounted on a foundation coated with cement mortar with waterproofing. Today, the choice of waterproofing materials is wide, from the most suitable can be called waterproof, bikrost or a ruble. But from the Ruberoid classic, specialists advise to refuse.

Laying the first row of foam blocks with their own hands (video)

So, an angular block is first installed on the cement. It is very important that all the connected surfaces are thoroughly missed with a solution (adhesive or cement). For its uniform distribution, the toothed spatula is perfect. The masonry is done in two rows.

Since foam blocks - the material is relatively light, to give greater durability periodically (with an interval of 3-4 rows) fittings are laid. For each type of blocks there is a way to enhance the design. If cement is used, you can buy a finished masonry mesh (no more than 4-5 mm thick) and in the course of operation to invest it in the seams between the blocks. In the case of cast material, do not do without special tools. You will need a saw and strokesis. But since the foam concrete is well treated, make deepening-shoes and insert the reinforcement will not be much labor.

Laying walls from foam concrete blocks

After the end of laying foam blocks over the entire design, a special concrete-reinforced belt should be paved. It is on it that will be plane slab. It should be borne in mind that such a belt should be further insulated, so its width should be less than that of the units used.

For opening windows and doors there are U-shaped foam blocks. The main thing, acquiring them, remember that in width they should not correspond to the overlapping by itself, but already insulated.

Thus, the masonry of the foam design is the case is simple, if not improving, and clearly follow the advice of specialists.

Build a house of foam block. Wall Laying, Foundation, Roof

Construction of a house of foam concrete

One of the advantages of foam blocks is that everyone can build on them. The foam block masonry does not cause difficulties. The main thing is accuracy and following technology. By choosing blocks and related materials of high quality, you can build a house that will have a long year.

You will need

For construction, you will first need foam blocks. They are supplied by pallets of 0.9, 1.44 or 1.8 m 3. For carriers It is necessary to use foam blocks not thinner than 200 mm, and they must be made from foam concrete density of at least 800 kg / m3. For partitions, you can take blocks with a thickness of 100 mm.

In addition to foam blocks you will need:

• solution or glue for laying;
• laying tool;
• reinforcing grid and fittings in the rods.

Required tool:

Kelma. With their help, you can accurately apply a solution, providing it with a thickness of 1-3 mm. The width of the Kelma corresponds to the width of the blocks, so that the solution is equal to the entire surface of the block. The carriage-dispenser: It is used for the rapid application of the adhesive solution with a thickness of 1-3 mm on horizontal straight surfaces. The width of the dispenser carriage corresponds to the thickness of the blocks. Cutter (strokesis). Tool for cutting grooves manually (for example, for wiring).
The hacksaw serves to cut blocks. Grinding board - serves to eliminate small irregularities of foam blocks. Planked - serves to align the large irregularities of masonry from blocks, as well as to change the shape of the block.
Corner is designed for smooth sawing products from cellular concrete. Spatula - serves to grout chips and seams of cellular concrete products. Kiyanka is a special rubber hammer for working with foam blocks. To work, we strongly recommend using a rubber hammer.
Level - used to control horizontal and vertical planes. Construction cord - applied as a landmark during masonry walls and installation of various designs. The coil is 100 m. Level - to control compliance with the laying geometry.

There may also be needed special nozzles on the drill for hardening the holes and the stroke blocks. Instead, Kelma can use a special carriage for a uniform application of the solution.

Glue or Solution

Laying foam blocks can be carried out on special glue or cement mortar. It is easier to prepare glue - for this you just need to dissolve the finished mixture with water and mix thoroughly. Cement mix You can make yourself, mixing sand cement.

The advantage of laying blocks on the cement-sandy mixture is that this mixture is possible during the construction of walls to smell some small defects on the surface of the blocks. The rest of the glue is more convenient. Adhesive seams can be made as thin as possible - up to 1 millimeter, while cement seam should be 2-4 millimeters thick. The consumption of the cement solution is higher than six times than glue, which means, as a result, the cost of masonry foam block is obtained more profitable. You can put the blocks on the glue even in the frost (up to - 10 ° C), just for this you need to purchase a special frost-resistant glue.

The Council of the Proba:
During the installation of the blocks, do not forget to periodically mix the glue solution or the cement-sand mixture so that it retains homogeneity.

Laying blocks

The laying of walls from foam blocks can be carried out at a temperature of from 0 to + 40 ° C. With more high temperatures Foam blocks need to be wedged with water. At the same time, it is not recommended to maintain work in the rain. In winter, it is also better to refrain from laying foam blocks or do it strictly in dry weather. For the winter, blocks need to be protected from the effects of atmospheric precipitation, so it is worth calculating the time to have time not only to build the walls, but also the roof, as well as perform an external finish.

Regardless of which the solution there are blocks - to cement or adhesive, the first row is recommended to be laid on cement. Previously, it is necessary to hydroize - cover with a rolled bitumen material. After that, the cement-sandy mixture it is necessary to align the surface for the masonry of the first row.

The first row should be maximally aligned on a level or level. The foam block laying begins with the corners. A cord is tensioning between the angular blocks that will serve as a reference. Blocks are stacked on a layer of solution and fell down with a hammer. It is necessary to miss the sideways with a solution so that the seams are obtained not only horizontal, but also vertical. The blocks are stacked so that the vertical seams of the first row accounted for the middle of the next.

Each installed block must be aligned, checking the accuracy of laying by the level by vertical and horizontal. Currently arising in the process of masonry must be strained immediately, and the dirt and dust are coated with a brush. No need to try to align the surface using an additional layer of solution - this will worsen the thermal insulation properties of foam concrete masonry.

Masonry can be conducted in one or two rows. If the blocks are stacked in two rows, the vertical seams of one row should be overlapped with the second-row blocks to minimize heat loss. The laying of interroom partitions is carried out in one row.

Reinforcement

Reinforcement is necessary in order to increase the reliability of foam concrete masonry. It is performed every 3-4 row of blocks into a cement mortar for masonry. It not only enhances the masonry, but also prevents foam concrete from the formation of cracks.

U-blocks are used for Armopoya, in the cavities of which they put the reinforcement with a thickness of at least 10 mm and poured it with concrete. Or fix on the walls of a wooden formwork, inside which is installed fine blocks or foam for thermal insulation, after which the reinforcement is poured with concrete. The recommended height of the Armopoyas - 20 cm.

Before installing inter-storey overlaps, it is necessary to enhance the walls - it is a monolithic reinforced concrete row closed around the perimeter.

Finish

After the box of foam blocks are built and connected under the roof, you can start finishing. The easiest option is shuffling. Before finishing works All chips and cracks on the walls are filled with a solution, and irregularities are stripped with a cooler. After that, the first layer of plaster is applied on the wall, into which the reinforcing grid is pressed, then the second layer is applied. After drying, the plaster is applied finishing coating. For external work it is better to use a mixture based on cement.

In addition to the plaster, the foam block laying is protected from external influences by mounted ventilated facades. Metal guides are installed on the walls that panels are hung. It may be siding, block house, lining, porcelain stonewares and other materials for outdoor work. You can also build the construction of foam blocks with bricks, but it is expensive and inexpedient.

After exterior decoration can go to summing up communications and interior decoration Houses built with your own hands.

Video instructions for laying blocks

If it is necessary to build walls of a private house, a garage or utility premises, such a material is very often used like foam blocks.

This is explained by its affordable cost, simplicity and fast installation.
If you have elementary construction skills, you can cope with this work independently, and if there is an assistant, it is fulfilled even faster.

The foam blocks can be placed in two ways, they differ in the type of solution used, it can be glue or cement solution.

Cement mortar

For its preparation, cement and sand are usually used in the ratio of 1: 4, in this case, the thickness of the seam is 1-2 cm. Advantages in Tomthat the solution can be made independently and when used, the geometric parameters of the blocks do not have a large value.

If we talk about minusesYou will need time and strength to prepare the solution, the seams are obtained thick, so the heat and sound insulation characteristics of the building are reduced to align the walls, it is necessary.

Glue for laying

The glue in the store is sold in the form of a dry mix, so you can only dilute with water approximately 1: 2.

When laying foam blocks on glue, the seam thickness is about 2-3 mm.

Advantages of using glue is that it is easy to cook, it turns out a subtle seam that increases heat insulating characteristics At home, the wall is obtained by smooth, so there is no need for alignment, high adhesion performance.

Lack of glue It is its high cost and the need to use blocks having accurate geometric parameters.

During the styling of foam blocks, it usually does not arise problems, but there are some nuances whose compliance will simplify and speed up the process of creating the house:

• for window design and door openings U-shaped blocks are used, which in their sizes must correspond to the parameters of the remaining blocks;
• the first row is always laid on the cement solution, but first it is necessary to lay a layer of waterproofing;
• for the uniform distribution of the load during the construction, reinforcement is necessarily carried out; for this, the rod with a diameter of 8 mm is used, it is fitted every 3-4 rows;
• to put Armopoyas, in foam blocks it is necessary to make shoes, and before laying the reinforcement, they are filled with glue;
• during masonry, it is necessary to draw a ligation of the series, it should be at least 12 cm, but it is best to half a block;
• after mounting the walls, during their trim finishing material, I must definitely create a ventilation gap.

First bookmark the cornersAnd then the wall is erected from the corners to the center. During the laying of blocks, their horizontal is periodically checked.

To facilitate work, it is recommended to use spitches, they can be wooden or metal. Guides are installed vertically in the corners of the building and between them stretch the cord by which the laying of each row is carried out.

Performing masonry of bearing walls

If you decide to install foam blocks for glueThe performance of these works will require certain skills. For this, only those blocks that have a proper geometric shape, and deviations in their sizes will be minimal.

Even if masonry is performed on glue, the first row of foam blocks is placed on cement mortar. This is necessary in order to align the horizontal surface, after which the next rows can already be put on the glue.

For independent masonry, you will need such tools:

1. capacity for glue;
2. drill and nozzle for kneading glue;
3. trowel;
4. toothed spatula;
5. building level;
6. grater or plans for alignment of foam blocks;
7. rubber hammer;
8. stroboresis;
9. bulgarian or disk saw;
10. brush for removing dust and garbage.

When installing walls from foam blocks, the procedure for performing work will be as follows:

• first, it is necessary to check the blocks, they must be even, not to have chips and damage, their geometrical parameters may differ on the minimum values;
• glue is applied using a toothed spatula;
• in order for each element to take its place, it is used to the alignment;
• all revealed irregularities must immediately correct, for this use the grater;
• with the help of a building level, it is necessary to periodically check the horizontal of the masonry;
• pre-prepare jumpers that will be installed in the locations of window and doorways.

If the foam block is placed correctly, the wall is performed perfectly even and does not require additional alignment.

Need to reinforce

If you build a house of foam blocks, then specialists recommend reinforcing the masonry, is done every 3-4 rows.. This operation allows you to increase the stability of the wall and does not allow.

In this case, fittings are used, for its laying in blocks creates shoesMake them can be done with the help of strokeware, grinder or disk saw.

On top of the foam blocks immediately lay the plates can notfor this is done top strapping, solid concrete armoomas, whose height should be 10-20 cm. Usually in our latitudes of the thickness of the walls of foam blocks in 40 cm is quite enough.

In this case, there are 30 cm aropoyas width, and the remaining 10 cm is filled with insulation, it allows

What to do with vertical seam?

During the masonry of external walls from beginner builders, it often arises the question of what to do with a vertical seam, whether to fill it with glue?

If blocks with zip-groove locks are used, they already provide the attachment of blocks between themselves and without glue.
It must be remembered that any seam, even the thinnest, is a cold bridge, therefore, which is less, the higher the thermal insulation characteristics of the building.

When solving this issue, there may be several options:

1. if it is carried out, then the vertical seam can be glued with glue;
2. in the absence of plaster on the one hand, the seam is filled with half to prevent the wall blowing;
3. with a large load on the blocks (more than 70% of the strength of the blocks) and when the ribs are erected, the vertical seam must be fully filled with glue.

The horizontal seam should be filled with glue completely so that the block is glued along the entire area of \u200b\u200bcontact.

• if the laying is carried out on a cement solution, it is prepared in small portions;
• you can use the glue not later than 10-15 minutes, after it is applied to the block;
• work must be performed at air temperature from 5 to 25 degrees of heat, if it is higher, then it is necessary to moisten the blocks;
• to obtain more even and thin seams, the glue is applied using a toothed spatula;
• the glue is applied both on the horizontal and on the side surface of the foam blocks;
• after laying the block, it must be good to press and align vertically and horizontally;
• vertical deviations are checked after each third row;
• each 3-4 row must be reinforced;
• all irregularities before laying the next row are cleaned with grater and dust is cleaned;
• masonka must be drawn with dressing.

Errors

1. incorrect laying of the first row leads to the deviations of the verticality of the walls;
2. it is impossible to hold the laying during the rain or negative temperature air;
3. not completely fill the seams that negatively affects the strength of the building, its heat and sound insulation characteristics;
4. do not dedust blocks, which worsens the quality of their compound, from which they can