House, design, renovation, decor. Courtyard and garden. With your own hands

Suspended stairs are a “fresh breeze” in your home. Indoors, they look like light transparent structures, and many design styles use them as a highlight in the interior.

The stairs are attached to the interfloor with metal braces, which in turn support the step in a given position. The opposite side of the step is rigidly attached to load-bearing wall.

And although such stairs do not look reliable outwardly, moreover, some people are even afraid to walk on them, the hinged staircase at correct installation, strong enough.

The combination of graceful metal suspension rods with warm solid wood natural wood steps, gives a certain charm to the stairs and opens up wide opportunities for the flight of design ideas.

Did you build a house or do overhaul, and you want to add space to the interior? Ordinary wooden or concrete stairs are not suitable here. But a suspended ladder would be a perfectly acceptable solution.

This article was conceived as an instruction and with its help any owner who is able to perform elementary plumbing and carpentry work will be able to build such a staircase in his house with his own hands.

Before starting construction, watch the 2 videos in this article, they discuss common mistakes when building stairs.

Selection of tools and materials

Tool

• Electric drill with a set of drills
• Rotary hammer with a set of drills
• Construction level
• Plumb line
• A set of keys
• Grinder with a set of disks
• Lever and tap for threading
• Welding machine desirable
• Roulette

Material

• Metal strip 50x10
• Metal corner from 50x50
• Hardwood oak, beech, ash, etc. For steps
• Set of anchors, sleeves, nuts
• Wall-mounted handrails

Calculating the dimensions of the stairs

Naturally, we start by calculating the exact dimensions of our staircase.

Hanging ladders are calculated according to the same principle as the rest.

For example, let's take a small staircase with a height of 144.78 cm.

1. To calculate the number of steps, divide the total height by the standard height
   Steps 144.7: 17.7 = 8.17 round this value to 8.
2. We calculate the distance between the steps 144.7: 8 = 18 cm.
   In total, at a height of 144.78 cm, we will have 8 steps with an interval of 18 cm.

This video in this article will help you perform the calculations.

For the convenience of calculations, we provide a photo of the table:

Installation

We attach the stops to the wall

1. Hanging ladders are best mounted before finishing work..
   The drawing of our staircase is already ready and now we mark the attachment points of the steps on the supporting wall.

• • Next, we cut stops from the corner for each step.
  • We will mount them on the wall. The stops should be slightly smaller.
  • The width of the step itself, the indent from the edge in the region of 20 mm.
  • We drill holes on the wing of the stop, the wing is applied to the wall 3 holes.
  • The wing on which the step 2 of the holes will lie.
  • All holes can be made of the same diameter, but we start from 10-12 mm.
  • It is better to number the stops.

1. We attach each stop to the design place of the step attachment and mark with a pencil the places for drilling holes in the wall.
   As we remember, the stops are attached to the wall with 3 anchors.
   Take anchors with a length of at least 200 mm. More is possible.
   We drill holes with a perforator and fasten the stops with anchors. The section of anchor bolts is from 10-12 mm or more, as you like.

Making a frame

1. Hanging ladders require a sturdy frame... The frame will be made from a corner, which we will mount on the porch of the ceiling slab. Most the best option weld the frame, because it is bolted for a long time and less reliable.
   With a corner, we will only tie the ceiling overlap, both in the upper part and in the lower one. We have above and below the overlap, we got a U-shaped strapping. Now both parts should be fastened together.
   We have a 50x50 corner, connecting two corners end-to-end - we get 100 mm, the thickness of the overlap, as a rule, is greater. To connect two corners, we cut the strip into segments equal to the thickness of the overlap and weld the corners together with these segments with an interval of 200-300 mm from the inside.

An important point: Cook each segment separately and only when all 3 segments are ready, put them in a girth on the ceiling and weld in the corners.

1. When the U-shaped frame is welded and installed, it should be fixed... First, connect two opposite parts of the frame that are adjacent to the wall with a metal strip. If the thickness of the slab is large, then connect the upper frame of the frame and bottom rail frame in two separate strips.
   We got a closed rectangular frame. Along the perimeter of the ceiling, there is a strapping from the corner, and along the bearing wall there is a strip. Next, the frame should be securely fixed.
   To do this, in the strips with which we welded the corner of the upper and lower contours, we drill holes, then drill a hole into the depth of the ceiling slab with a punch (we assume that reinforced concrete slab) and fix the frame with anchors, we also fix the strip along the load-bearing wall.

We mount the suspended structure

1. The next step will be the installation of the structure, on which the metal rods will be attached, supporting the steps and the fence of the staircase on the second floor.
   To do this, we cut corners similar to those that went to the strapping.
   The structure will be mounted only from two sides, from the side opposite to the load-bearing wall and from the side opposite to the end of the staircase. We weld the corners to the frame, in the form of the letter T, so that they form a semblance of an I-beam.
   In the welded corners, having accurately measured, we drill a number of holes for fastening metal rods from below and fences from above.
   On the large, bearing side, the holes in the upper corner should be strictly opposite the holes in the lower one. On the side of the side rail, it is sufficient to drill holes only in the upper corner.

1. Cooking metal studs... The studs are made of round rolled metal, with threads cut along the entire length. The length is calculated by the formula, the thickness of the interfloor overlap plus 100 mm. For the side where only the side railing will be attached, the overlap is plus 50 mm.
   Further, we mount the studs strictly along the plumb line. From the inside, under the corner, firmly fix the studs with nuts. With the expectation that on the carrier beam, 50 mm remain on both sides. From the side, where there will be only the upper fence, we fix the hairpin under the upper corner with a nut, and to the lower one, we grab it by welding. Here, of course, only 50 mm should remain on top.

We hang the steps

1. Our suspended ladder, of course, should be suspended on something..
   The fact is that we plan to use metal, nickel-plated tubes for hanging the steps and as balusters of the stairs in the fence. They will greatly facilitate the entire structure. And although their price is much higher, appearance worth it.
   We measure in height and cut off the tubes. We cut an internal thread in the tubes on both sides, to a depth of 50-70 mm. We screw the finished tubes into the left 50 mm pins from above.
   We fasten the steps below. To do this, in the steps prepared in advance, we make holes along the diameter of the tube. We put the step on the tube and fix it from below with specially prepared bolts. You can simply put washers for strength.
   But we advise you to cut metal strips, according to the size of the corner fixed on the wall, drill two holes at the distance of the tubes, then use the strip as a washer, fixing both tubes at once.
2. After two bolts, we fasten the step to the corner on the wall... If you don't like the look of the open bolts, drill a small indentation in the stair tread to fit the bolt head, drown it, close it with a wooden furniture plug, cut and grind.

Attention: the thickness of the board for the steps must be at least 40 mm.
If you are afraid that such a board will break, run a metal strip under the board from the front suspension to the corner on the wall.
This will be enough.

1. The upper railing is mounted in the same way... The tubes are screwed onto the studs, the railings are mounted on top and fixed to the wall.
   It is better to choose handrails and buy in advance, and fasten them to the wall.
   It is easier and more reliable.

Output

As you can see, a suspended staircase, with a strong desire, is not so difficult to perform.

Every normal man is quite capable of making such beauty with his own hands.

In the video provided in this article, you will find comprehensive information on the topic we have considered.

Option 1: Delivery in Moscow and the nearest Moscow region

Within the Moscow Ring Road - 1000.00 rubles (with a carrying capacity of up to 150 kg and a cargo volume of up to 0.3 m3).
Outside the MKAD 1000r + 30r / km (carrying capacity up to 150kg and cargo volume up to 0.3m3).

Cost of delivery: 1,000.00 rubles Option 2: Shipment by a transport company

We ship products to all regions of Russia and neighboring countries.
For you, we will organize shipment by air, road or rail at the request of the client.

We draw your attention to the fact that we carry out free shipping products to the terminal in Moscow, transport companies - with a carrying capacity of up to 150 kg and a cargo volume of up to 0.3 m3. If the volume and weight exceeds these dimensions, self-pickup will be carried out from the transport company chosen by you.

Shipment by the transport company is made only after 100% payment.
For individuals:
- After payment of the issued invoice ("Invoice for payment No. ...") without VAT.
For legal entities:
- After payment of the issued invoice ("Invoice for payment No. ...") including VAT (18%).

Payment for services by air, railway and transport companies paid by the client on his own upon receipt of the products in the transport company.

Manual fire ladders LP, LSh, L-3k are designed to lift firefighters to the upper floors of burning buildings, as well as to rescue people caught by fire in the premises of storey buildings.

Rescue rope VSP

Fire rescue rope (VPS) is made according to technical specifications TU-8153-002-26273020-96 and is designed to ensure the implementation of top-priority rescue operations when extinguishing fires and eliminating emergency situations indoors and outdoors at temperatures environment from minus 40 to 50 C.

VPS is made of polyamide rope, the ends of which are embedded in metal thimbles and protected by heat-shrinkable sleeves.

Parameter name	Norm
1. Maximum permissible static load, N (kgf)
3. Length, m VPS-30 VPS-50	30+0,5 50+0,5
4. Weight, kg, no more VPS-30 VPS-50
5. Diameter, mm
6. Elongation under load of 75% of breaking,%
7. Resistance to hazardous fire factors, with: exposure at a temperature of 600 0С contact with a steel rod heated to 450 ° C contact with an open flame	10 30 30
8. Dynamic strength	Retention of a load weighing 100 kg after it has fallen from a height of 2 m

Hinged rescue ladders "CCC" from 6 to 21 meters

Hinged rescue ladder "SSS" is designed for self-evacuation of people from premises in emergency and emergency situations, in case of fires, in case of exposure to aggressive environments, before the arrival of rescuers. A small-sized, simple and reliable in operation rescue kit for evacuating people from buildings is brought into working position in a minimum time.
The evacuation of people on rescue ladders "CCC" does not require special training (transition to the scheme of use) :

For the manufacture of a hinged rescue ladder "SSS" (TU: 4854-001-23076997-99), crossbeams from high-quality selected wood and high-strength polyamide cord (1450 kg at break) were used. Component materials are treated with a fire retardant compound. Recommended length up to 15m. Working load 320 kg. Breaking load 1000 kg *. Necessarily completed with specials. bags with identification stripes-instructions. During the last tests with a load of 1000 kg, there were no fractures. Typical failure: shear a crossbar with a load of 1200 kg without breaking the cord.

Hinged rescue ladder

Hinged rescue ladder "LNS-00" (the number after the abbreviation means the length of the ladder in meters) provides the possibility of emergency descent of people from the window (balcony, loggia) of the building to the ground or to the lower floors in case of an emergency.

LNS delivery set: ladder, carabiner, bracket, stowage bag, passport. For an additional fee, a metal container is supplied for storing the ladder at the hinge point

The ladder consists of two flexible bowstrings (side ropes) made of galvanized steel rope, on which metal steps are fixed. At the top of the stairs, the bowstrings are drawn into a rope ending in a loop. This design allows you to attach the ladder with a carabiner not only to the standard attachment point (bracket), but also to a suitable size power element building structure.

The steps of the stairs have a coating that improves traction. The lower step is colored (red or yellow) for easy mounting and folding of the LPS.

On some of the steps, plastic stops are installed at regular intervals, designed to divert the LPS from the wall, which increases the safety and convenience of people descending.
The bracket is mounted on the wall and is intended for hanging the stairs.

In standby mode, the ladder is folded in a stowage bag or metal container.

8 standard sizes of stairs are made.

Parameter name	LNS-6	LNS-9	LNS-12	LNS-15	LNS-18	LNS-21	LNS-24	LNS-29
Ladder length, m
Floor of the building corresponding to the length of the stairs
Ladder weight, kg
Overall dimensions in the bag: length, width, height, mm	430 300 300	430 300 300	430 340 440	430 340 440	430 340 500	430 340 500	430 340 620	430 340 620
Ladder width, mm
Step diameter, mm
Step step (distance between steps), mm

Rescue rope ladder LAN

The name of indicators	Nominal values
	5 - 19 m at 0.5 m intervals, 19 - 30 m at 1 m intervals
Step diameter
Stair width

Hinged rescue ladder with stops (LNSU-V) rope

Difference from LAN: Availability of Stops Steps are made of aluminum pipe D 28 mm Step step 350 mm

Rescue rope ladder with chain (ЛВСЦ)

"A reliable and easy-to-use rescue means, brought into working position in a minimum time. Evacuation of people on rescue ladders does not require special training. Simultaneous evacuation of up to 4 people is allowed. ensuring reliable fastening to any structural structure of the building.

The steps of the stairs are made of hardwood, treated with a fire retardant composition. Supplied with a carbine and a hammer.

Distinctive feature of LVTS - the upper part, free from steps (1.2 m), and bowstrings up to the second step are made of chain , which allows the use of stairs when evacuating from a burning room.

The name of indicators	Nominal values
Length of the chain string before joining the string string
	6 - 30 m at 1.5 m intervals
Step diameter
Stair width

Rescue equipment set "KSS"

Basic complete set KSS-30, (KSS-50)

Name	number
1. Braking device
2. Fire rescue rope VPS-50 (VPS-50) in a case
3. Suspended system "kerchief"
4. The suspension system is universal
5. Nylon halyard 3 m
6. Special gloves
7. Carbine "Iremel 2200"
8. Stowage bag
9. Passport

Slip Tow Truck

Slip Tow Truck- a non-automatic device for lowering from limited heights.

• To work with a slip-tow truck and bring it into working condition, two trained people (professional firefighters) are required.
• The work of an unprepared person with a slip-tow truck is unacceptable.
• The speed of descent on a slip-tow truck is regulated from the evacuation zone (possibly a fire source) or by a self-descending person (there is a possibility of a person hovering in a smoky environment).
• The descent on a slip-tow truck runs along the line of the windows, which increases the possibility of burns, damage from falling glass fragments, etc.
• The device is not intuitive to use correctly.

Model range of Slip-Evacuator evacuation systems

OFFICE model
	Convenient and compact system for storage in the table, provides, if necessary, emergency self-evacuation. Specialized for self-evacuation of people who do not have their own suspension system(firefighter belts, rescue harness, etc.). The presence of a special rescue triangle in the system will ensure a comfortable descent. The descent control can be controlled independently or from the ground. Many buildings of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia are equipped with this system. You choose the maximum descent height yourself. The system is housed in a shoulder bag.
Model "MINI-SWING"
		Designed for mass rescue. The model is specialized and especially suitable for self-evacuation and evacuation of groups of people (or individuals) without professional skills. The control of the set is intuitive and accessible after familiarization in the minimum required volume. Distinctive feature system is a uniquely low effort (1-2 kg), applied during the control process. In this case, control can be carried out both by the descent himself and by another person from the evacuation zone or from any place along the descent route, including the landing pad. The system is stored in a carry bag (backpack) and can be taken to the hazardous area if necessary. But, the best option- placement permanently in the proposed places of mass evacuation, equipped with special places for fixing the kit.
Model "COMPACT"
			The COMPACT model is specialized for self-evacuation of professionally trained fire and rescue servicemen and other specialized units. The kit is a means of individual use. In this case, it is assumed that the soldier has his own harness (fire belt, rescue harness, etc.) with a connecting carabiner.

The system uses a unique, specially designed working rope with a diameter of 7 mm, which has a "Kevlar" sheath, which provides increased strength, resistance to mechanical damage and abrasion, exposure high temperatures, open flames, corrosive liquids, etc.
The set is distinguished by its particularly small dimensions, allowing it to be worn on a belt or in a pocket of combat clothing, and weighing only 800 grams, which for the first time made it a real life-saving means for every firefighter (rescuer).
At the request of the Customer, the length of the working rope can be changed.

Model "SWING"

Specialized for evacuation applications large groups of people. It is possible to use for the evacuation of material values. The kit is a means of collective use and allows for evacuation in a continuous-cyclic mode, combining the descent of a person (load) with the ascent of the harness system released after the descent of the previous person (load). The set is placed in a shoulder bag (backpack) and can be delivered to the hazardous area if necessary or be permanently installed in advance in the intended places of mass evacuation. The system is controlled from the evacuation zone. The system has a wide range of applications on helicopters, oil rigs, in buildings, on decks of ships. It is mobile and easy to operate, does not require additional tools for deployment and operation. Guaranteed system operation for at least 100 runs.

"ALPHA"- specialized, semi-automatic, with manual control carried out by the user, with the function of automatic termination of the descent upon termination or loss of control;

"KLYUVIK"- universal type, with manual control, continuously carried out by the user during the descent or, from the landing pad, - by the operator.

The system is housed in a shoulder carrying case.

Self-rescuer Bars

Self-rescuer Bars is an automatic rope-and-descent device designed for emergency evacuation of people from buildings and other high-rise structures during a fire or other emergency.

• No training or special skills are required to use the self-rescuer.
• Self-rescuer Bars does not require any adjustment (regardless of the weight of the person) and maintains a constant descent speed.
• During the descent of the first person, a second rescue kerchief is raised from the ground to launch the next one.

Self-rescuer specifications:

• the descent speed on the self-rescuer is equal to the speed of the lift and is 1 m / s
• mass of the rescued person up to 200 kg
• the descent height is up to 300 m, at the moment on the self-rescuer you can go down from the roof of any skyscraper in the Russian Federation.
• the alert time is no more than 60 seconds, even for an unprepared person.

So that rescuing the victims of the disaster does not become another accident, the rope fire escape has a breaking weight of 1000 kg, must be treated with fire-fighting agents. For a quick descent or ascent, the kit should be as light as possible, but at the same time durable. So that all people can safely descend to earth.

Escape rope ladder - a safe descent in an emergency.

You can make such a ladder yourself, it does not require any cost or special knowledge. You will need wooden blocks and strong rope (rope). Take a rope from any material - linen, cotton or synthetics, it doesn't matter. And the tree will have to be processed so that it does not rot and there is no fungus. The advantage is that you yourself can choose which length you need and adapt for different purposes. You can make one short for children, a long one for chores. Work on the roof, in a well, for water transport - it will be useful to have a rope ladder everywhere. Its practicality and ease of use speaks for itself. It is not for nothing that during the evacuation this device is used for descents and ascents.