Many have heard such a thing as emergency contraception, but not everyone delved into this topic. In fact, girls who care about their health should know the main advantages and disadvantages of existing methods, as well as the features of their application.
Methods and means that prevent the fertilization of the egg, which are used after sexual intercourse, are called emergency contraception. They are used one-time, and they cannot be a replacement for planned contraceptives. Emergency contraceptives are recommended in such cases:
After using funds that are related to emergency contraception, you should focus on the following information:
Since these products contain a large amount of hormones and other biologically active substances, they have a serious impact on the hormonal background of the female body. Because of this, doctors do not recommend frequent use of emergency contraception. It is best to use such methods once every 4-6 months, but more frequent use is also acceptable. As often as possible, emergency contraception at home can be used no more than four times in one menstrual cycle.
This group of funds has its advantages and disadvantages, which should be familiarized with in advance. The main advantage of contraception is due to the fact that it helps to avoid more serious stress for the body associated with. Emergency contraceptives are not without drawbacks, which are associated with the presence of a large number of contraindications and side effects. Doctors indicate that they should be used only as a last resort.
The effectiveness of such funds depends on the correct intake, so such contraception should be taken no later than 72 hours after sexual contact. In this case, emergency protection will have 95% efficiency. If more than three days have passed, then the percentage is significantly reduced, since during this time the fertilized egg can attach to the uterine membrane and begin to develop. It is worth noting that emergency contraception is considered less effective than other contraceptives, which is associated with their improper use.
Although such funds have been researched and developed taking into account the characteristics of the female body, harm cannot be completely ruled out. If used frequently, emergency contraceptive methods can cause various gynecological diseases and subsequent problems with conception. Before using the selected remedy, it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with the list of contraindications that are indicated in the instructions, here are just a few of them:
Since these drugs contain a large dose of hormonal substances, it is understandable that many are faced with a number of adverse reactions. These include nausea, vomiting, intermenstrual bleeding, chest pain, and headaches. Contraception after intercourse in girls with varicose veins can cause blood clots. Side effects include menstrual irregularities, dizziness, and even allergic reactions. According to statistics, adverse reactions occur only in a fifth of patients.
In modern medicine, there are several methods that can be used to effectively prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse. Gynecologists say that all girls should know the existing classification, as well as the main advantages and disadvantages of each option, in order to understand which safe emergency contraception is more acceptable. It is impossible to ignore the folk methods that have existed for more than a dozen years.
In this group of non-drug methods, only one contraceptive option is included - the installation of an intrauterine device. A gynecologist inserts a mechanical device into the vagina, and this must be done no later than five days after unprotected intercourse. All methods of contraception after intercourse have drawbacks, and the spiral is a preliminary medical examination. It is worth pointing out that this protection option is not suitable for adolescents, nulliparous and raped girls.
There are several hormonal drugs that are divided into specific groups.
Separately, emergency contraception, which is non-hormonal, should be highlighted. It is safer, but its effectiveness is lower than that of the first group:
Most of the means of protection against pregnancy, which are used after intercourse, are contraindicated in nursing mothers. This is explained by the fact that they contain many substances that affect the composition of milk. Emergency contraception while breastfeeding should be selected with a doctor, and there are three days for this, when the drug can still work. Relatively safe is the "Postinor", which contains a large dose of progestogen.
In addition to traditional methods, there are folk remedies, but it is worth knowing that they do not give a guaranteed effect. Doctors, answering the question regarding which emergency contraception is better, do not consider prescriptions from traditional medicine at all, considering them dangerous to health. In most cases, women use them when they do not have the opportunity to purchase medications.
In medical practice, there is no reliable data that confirms that emergency contraceptives, if they are ineffective, have a negative impact on the fetus and its development. At the same time, it is impossible to completely exclude the risk that anomalies may develop. If contraception after an unprotected act did not work, pregnancy occurred, and the woman decided to leave the child, then she must certainly undergo a thorough examination by a doctor. With the help of ultrasound, you can determine where the fetus is located, since taking such drugs can cause an ectopic pregnancy.
None of the methods of contraception, with the possible exception of sterilization, is considered to be completely effective. In addition, there are cases of unprotected sex, which can lead to unwanted pregnancies. Therefore, methods of emergency contraception are a hot topic in gynecology. There is even an International Consortium on the application of such methods, whose recommendations are taken into account in our article.
Postcoital contraception can be used by any woman of childbearing age - from the onset of the first menstruation (menarche) to 1 year after the last menstruation (menopause).
To prevent unplanned pregnancy as a matter of urgency different countries use several methods:
In Russia, the last two methods are most often used (for other types of contraception, you can read in). However, when asked which emergency contraception is better, scientists from the World Health Organization answer that it is an intrauterine contraceptive () installed within the next 5 days. It is most effective in preventing pregnancy. However, this method is expensive, not available to all women, and is not recommended for adolescents and nulliparous women.
As a result of numerous studies by scientists involved in evidence-based medicine, it was concluded that a new generation of emergency contraception is the use of drugs containing 10 mg of mifepristone.
Emergency contraceptive pills have been studied for the past 30 years and have proven to be effective and fairly well tolerated by women. These medicines are used to prevent pregnancy during unprotected sex in the following cases:
In all these cases, you need to take the medication as soon as possible.
Two types of drugs are used:
Monocomponent means can be taken once after sexual intercourse or in two doses with a break of 12 hours. Combined funds are taken twice. This allows you to reduce the single dose and reduce the likelihood of adverse events. You should take the drug as early as possible, because every hour of delay increases the likelihood of pregnancy. However, the effectiveness is still maintained for 120 hours after intercourse, and not 72 hours, as previously thought.
How pills for emergency contraception work:
The effectiveness of levonorgestrel reaches 90%, combined drugs are less effective. No emergency contraceptive drug is as effective as current permanent contraceptives.
Possible unwanted symptoms:
If menstruation after emergency contraception is delayed by more than a week, it is necessary to exclude the onset of pregnancy by buying a test in a pharmacy or by consulting a doctor. Bleeding after ingestion is harmless and will stop on its own. Its probability increases with repeated use of tablets during one cycle. However, if it occurs in combination with a missed period and abdominal pain, it is recommended to consult a doctor. This may be a sign of an ectopic () pregnancy. However, it has been proven that taking postcoital contraceptives does not increase the likelihood of such an event. Women who have had an ectopic pregnancy before may also take these drugs.
To reduce the risk of vomiting, the use of combined drugs should be minimized, since levonorgestrel very rarely causes such a side effect. If vomiting occurs within two hours after taking the medicine, you need to repeat the dose. In case of intense vomiting, antiemetic drugs (Metoclopramide, Cerucal) can be used.
If you have a headache or discomfort in the mammary glands, you should use the usual pain medication (paracetamol, and so on).
Emergency contraceptive pills have no contraindications, as they are considered safe. They are not prescribed for an existing pregnancy, because this makes no sense. However, if pregnancy has not yet been diagnosed, taking levonorgestrel is harmless to the developing fetus. Levonorgestrel preparations are not capable of terminating a pregnancy that has already begun, so their action is not similar to medical abortion. Normal pregnancy after emergency contraception can occur as early as the next cycle.
Serious adverse health outcomes for women have not yet been reported after prescribing levonorgestrel for postcoital contraception. Therefore, they are allowed to be used even without a doctor's examination, including in many countries of the world they are sold without a prescription.
The most common drugs for postcoital protection
One tablet contains 750 micrograms or 1500 micrograms of the hormone levonorgestrel, depending on the dosage, you need to take one or two tablets.
Although these drugs are safe once taken, they should be used with caution in the following conditions:
Combined estrogen-progestin drugs:
These are monophasic contraceptives, usually used for planned contraception, but in emergency cases they can also be used for postcoital contraception. This method of emergency contraception is recognized as the most dangerous, since estrogens in the preparations have contraindications and quite a lot of side effects, which are aggravated by the high dosage of hormones: 4 tablets are prescribed twice with a break of 12 hours. The use of these drugs is especially undesirable in the following situations:
The main danger is an increase in blood clotting and the threat of blockage of arteries or veins by the resulting blood clots.
Emergency non-hormonal contraception is carried out using products containing mifepristone. This is a synthetic substance that blocks progesterone receptors in a woman's body. The mechanism of action of the drug includes:
So, the main difference between mifepristone and levonorgestrel tablets for postcoital contraception is the ability to cause a “mini-abortion”, the death and release of an egg already implanted in the uterine wall. Indications for admission are the same as for hormonal drugs - unprotected intercourse.
Preparations containing mifepristone at a dose of 10 mg:
Emergency contraception with Genale is possible if you are sure that the woman is not pregnant. In addition, mifepristone should be taken with great caution in such cases:
Means based on mifepristone can cause undesirable effects:
Mifepristone-based emergency contraceptives cannot be used every month. It is strongly recommended to start using means for planned contraception. If, despite taking the pill, pregnancy still occurs, it is recommended to interrupt it, as there is a risk of damage to the fetus.
Mifepristone is a more powerful, but also more dangerous, remedy for preventing unwanted pregnancies. It is recommended to take it only after consulting a doctor. The drug is dispensed by prescription.
Let's say right away that the effectiveness of the methods that will be discussed is low, and the application is inconvenient. However, women should be aware of such methods.
In the first minute after ejaculation, while the spermatozoa have not yet penetrated through the cervical canal into its cavity, douching can be done with clean water or with the addition of potassium permanganate, that is, potassium permanganate. Then you should immediately insert a suppository with a spermicidal effect into the vagina.
Of course, the effect of spermicides will be much better if they are used properly - 10-15 minutes before intercourse. Candles such as Pharmatex, Contraceptin T, Patentex oval and others are used.
Contraindications for local contraception:
Intrauterine device T Cu 380 A
It is recommended to use copper-containing coils that release this metal into the uterine cavity. Copper has a spermicidal effect, and the presence foreign body in the uterine cavity prevents the implantation of the egg, if fertilization does occur.
The most famous funds from this group:
The second model is preferable because its soft shoulders do not injure the uterus from the inside, which reduces the risk of spontaneous removal of the spiral.
The introduction of an intrauterine contraceptive is contraindicated in such cases:
So, the choice of funds for emergency contraception is quite large. Some of them are more effective, but have more restrictions on their use, others are safe, but often do not have the desired effect. In any case, postcoital contraception is preferable to terminating unwanted pregnancies.
After using any of the methods of emergency prevention of pregnancy, you must consult a doctor and choose an acceptable option for planned protection. Emergency contraception should not be used regularly, including because of its low effectiveness.
Most modern girls and women are quite well versed in matters of and know its basic methods. Among which, by the way, there are frankly outdated and completely irrelevant. For example, the calendar method, when an approximate day is calculated ovulation or the withdrawal method.
In accordance with the scale used to assess the effectiveness of contraceptive methods ( pearl index ), the methods mentioned above are extremely inefficient. The Pearl Index for them is set at 25-40 and 18-27 points, respectively. For comparison, the barrier method of contraception, which uses condoms, and some other methods, gain 2-3 points on this scale.
It is believed that the lower the Pearl index, the higher the protection against unplanned. Perhaps, among all methods of contraception used to prevent pregnancy, the most effective are birth control pills ( , also known as COOK) , as well as some hormonal preparations, For example, injections or intrauterine devices.
Of course, pregnancy pills also have their drawbacks, however, according to experts, the advantages of such contraception more than cover all of it. negative sides. Perhaps the main difficulty faced by women using contraceptive pills is the need for a constant, in other words, daily intake of these drugs.
Otherwise, if you skip the next pill, the risk of getting pregnant after intercourse, in which, for example, barrier methods of contraception were not used, increases dramatically. What to do in such a situation and what to drink so as not to get pregnant? There is only one correct answer to these questions - emergency contraceptives .
In medicine, this term is called postcoital , i.e. emergency, fire or emergency contraception. This method is effective after unprotected intercourse. In addition, emergency contraceptives will help to avoid pregnancy when taking contraceptive pills on an ongoing basis in the event that a woman was unable or forgot to take the medicine more than twice in a row.
Generally, emergency contraceptive pills use if and only if the main method of protection against unwanted conception has failed. Moreover, it is necessary to have time to take such contraceptive pills after the act within 72 hours. Otherwise, even these emergency contraceptive pills, specially designed for such situations, will not help to avoid unwanted pregnancies.
It is important to emphasize that, in accordance with the recommendations of the World Health Organization (hereinafter referred to as WHO), emergency contraceptives after unprotected intercourse should not be used by women on a regular basis. Since the hormonal compounds that make up such drugs can adversely affect not only reproductive function, but also the entire body as a whole.
Emergency contraceptives are a more benign alternative. surgical termination of pregnancy . But like everything medications they should be properly taken and not abused.
Before we move on to a more detailed discussion of emergency contraceptive pills and talk about how such drugs affect the body, it is worth dwelling on some of the main issues related to the conception process. In order to better understand the mechanism of action on the female body of anti-pregnancy pills in the future.
So, for the onset of pregnancy must occur. This is the fusion of sex cells of partners (male spermatozoa and women's eggs ), resulting in the formation of cells zygotes (a diploid cell capable of "spawning" another cell). By itself, sexual intercourse cannot be associated with the act of fertilization. Since not every contact between a man and a woman is made for the purpose of procreation.
During unprotected intercourse, a man's sperm naturally enters the woman's vagina. It is noteworthy that the environment of the female body is detrimental to spermatozoa. This is due to the high level of acidity in the vagina. Therefore, after ejaculation, the vast majority of spermatozoa die. However, their most mobile part still penetrates into uterus and can lead to fertilization. How long can you get pregnant after unprotected intercourse?
To answer this question, you need to understand that for conception, as they say, “stars must converge”, namely:
The entire fertilization process takes about seven days. It is during this period of time that the formation embryo
, which with the help chorion
(predecessor placenta
) is fixed in the uterus, where it grows and develops over the next nine months. It is important to emphasize that it is not rare that emergency contraceptive pills are not dangerous for conception.
This means that even if you follow all the rules for using emergency contraceptive pills after intercourse (for example, they must be taken after a maximum of 72 hours in order not to become pregnant), fertilization can still occur. Of course, such cases are not the majority, and they are more likely to be exceptions. However, the probability of "flight", as people call an unwanted pregnancy, is always there, even if conventional contraceptives are used.
Pills from unwanted pregnancy after the act are divided into two main categories:
As for oral contraceptives related to COCs or drugs from the mini-pill series, this is inherently not emergency contraception. After all, birth control pills need to be taken constantly. However, there are varieties of such drugs that can be used as pills so as not to become pregnant after an act that is not protected by any means of contraception.
As a rule, an increased dosage of birth control pills containing hormones or antihormones is used for these purposes. Also, the methods of emergency contraception include the installation within 120 hours after unprotected intercourse intrauterine device .
For pregnancy, emergency contraceptive pills are dangerous because they contain in their chemical composition substances that prevent the onset of fertilization. The main active compounds in pills against pregnancy after an unprotected intercourse can be either, or antihormones .
The first compounds are biologically active substances that belong to proteins or steroids and are produced by organs or tissues of a living organism. Hormones are transported through the bloodstream from organ to organ and are responsible for the physiological activity of the body, for example, for its development and growth, metabolism, and so on.
As the name suggests antihormones
These are compounds that act opposite to hormones. They suppress hormonal activity in the body.
It is noteworthy that antihormones, by their nature, having an exogenous or endogenous origin, are often structural analogues of the hormones they suppress.
So, before you ask yourself what kind of emergency contraceptive pill to drink so as not to get pregnant, you should remember that this type of drug may contain:
First, let's talk about how it works. levonorgestrel and preparations containing it. So, abortion pills related to emergency contraception after the first dose:
It is important to emphasize that drinking the above drugs, which include levonorgestrel should only be taken after consulting a doctor. In addition, you should definitely read the instructions that come with the tablets. The thing is that these contraceptives contain huge doses of hormones.
After taking them, a hormonal imbalance occurs in the female body, the consequences of which can be unpredictable. Therefore, experts refer to such methods of contraception as "disposable" means, which are highly recommended not to be used more than 4 times a year. In addition, it is strictly forbidden to use such emergency contraceptive drugs more than once per menstrual cycle.
emergency contraceptive pills (they are also called "next day pills" due to the specifics of taking) - this is an effective, but rather controversial method of protection against an unplanned pregnancy. Doctors say that after a single intake of such drugs, serious changes occur in the body, so it takes time to restore in full functions of the female reproductive system.
What can be said about the second group of emergency contraceptive drugs containing an antihormone mifepristone – they work in much the same way as levonorgestrel-containing birth control pills, i.e. also:
It is worth noting that to protect against unwanted pregnancy after unprotected intercourse, you can also use non-hormonal drugs
e.g. vaginal suppositories containing nonoxynol (Steridil,)
or ( , ).
The above drugs do not only apply to methods of express contraception, since they have a spermicidal effect, the scope of their application is much wider, due to their anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal abilities.
The above names of pills from pregnancy after an act unprotected by any means of contraception are far from all. Currently, every pharmacy has a good choice such drugs. You can find out about the names of emergency contraceptive pills directly from the pharmacy pharmacist, but it is better to contact your doctor with these questions. After all, any medicines (and contraceptives are no exception to this rule) have their own contraindications and side effects.
This is especially true for women with GW (breastfeeding) or suffering from certain diseases in which large doses of hormones or antihormones can be fatal. Let there be no unambiguous answer to the question of whether birth control pills related to postcoital contraception are harmful, since what will be good and effective for some may turn into big health problems for others, not a single woman should use this method of solving the problem of unwanted pregnancy without prior medical advice.
Only a specialist will be able, firstly, to choose the right drug, taking into account all individual features female patients ( a common person can simply get lost in the names of pills that say nothing about the composition, contraindications or side effects after an unprotected act). And, secondly, it is the doctor who will tell you how to take emergency contraceptives correctly so as not to harm your body and achieve the desired result.
There are several basic rules for taking postcoital contraception drugs:
It is also worth paying attention to the so-called Yuzpe contraceptive method . As mentioned earlier, well-known people can be used as emergency contraceptives. COCs (combined oral contraceptives). This method can be an excellent solution for those who, for whatever reason, are contraindicated in postcoital contraceptive pills.
As emergency contraceptives, you can use COCs such as: , Tetragynon, Ovral, other. As a rule, these tablets contain hormones - estrogen, levonorgestrel, desogestrel, ethinyl estradiol and progestogen .
According to the instructions, you need to take COC every day, one piece. However, this rule can be broken in an emergency to prevent an unwanted pregnancy. The main thing is not to overdo it, so as not to harm the body. The following COC dosages are considered safe for:
The effectiveness of this method also depends on the time of taking the drugs. That is, the earlier the woman drank the pills, the greater the likelihood that ovulation will not occur and fertilization will not occur.
We talked about how not to get pregnant after the “no obligation” act. Now it's time to discuss the negative aspects of emergency contraception and determine who should not resort to the help of such an uncompromising method.
There is no benefit from emergency contraceptive pills, apart from, of course, the psycho-emotional calm of a woman - this is a fact. And how much and what harm can they bring?
levonorgestrel drugs:
It is forbidden to use containing mifepristone drugs:
Of course, every woman has the right to decide for herself what modern ways contraception or even folk methods use to protect against unwanted pregnancy. However, you should always think about what harmful effects can occur for the body when taking certain drugs.
Emergency or "fire" contraceptive pills can be dangerous:
According to women who have experienced the effects of emergency contraceptive pills, the most common side effects of these drugs are:
So-called pharmaceutical board or medicinal often associated with emergency contraception. However, this is far from the same thing. Of course, both drugs help to avoid unwanted pregnancy, only the mechanism of action and the time of taking the so-called abortion pills are different.
Let's talk about the main differences between medical abortion, which, according to many experts, is safer than surgery, for example, vacuum aspiration
or scraping.
How long can abortion pills be effective in terminating unwanted pregnancies?
So, as we mentioned earlier, after an unprotected act of pregnancy, birth control pills related to emergency contraception can be saved for 72 hours. Medicines for medical abortion are used when pregnancy has already occurred.
So, when can you use abortion pills or for how long. These funds can be taken in early pregnancy (up to 42 days amenorrhea the first day of the last menstrual cycle).
This means that abortion pills have an effect on the course of pregnancy up to the sixth maximum up to the seventh week.
It is worth noting that abortive pills most effectively affect a fetal egg that is still weakly attached to the uterus for up to four weeks.
During this period, the hormonal background of the female body has not yet reached the peak of its changes and you can resort to the help of drugs to terminate an unwanted pregnancy.
It should be noted that abortion pills should not be taken without medical supervision. Although this method of abortion is considered safer than surgery, everything does not always go smoothly and without negative consequences for the female body.
In order to exclude possible harm for health, it is imperative to consult a gynecologist, and also take this kind of pill only in his presence, so that a qualified specialist can provide quick help (for example, if severe bleeding opens) and prevent a severe outcome of a medical abortion. Unfortunately, not many people think about how dangerous abortion pills can be.
After all, you can even die from them if complications arise and doctors do not provide urgent medical care to a woman. Therefore, drugs for medical abortion containing mifepristone (a steroid antiprogestogenic substance of synthetic origin), for example, or taken once at a dosage of not more than 200 mg, exclusively under medical supervision.
Mifegin , a drug produced by a French manufacturer, like its domestic counterpart Mifeprex contain the same biologically active substance in their chemical composition mifepristone which blocks the production progesterone by acting on progesterone receptors. In the normal course of pregnancy, such as progesterone , generated corpus luteum of the ovaries , forms endometrium , whose main function is to create the best conditions for the development embryo .
The action of mifepristone-containing drugs gives the opposite effect ( myometrium decreasing, growing prostaglandins ), which ultimately leads to the prevention of unwanted pregnancies. Within a maximum of 48 hours after using abortion pills, the woman should complete a medical abortion and take medicines such as or gemeprost .
These are analogues of prostaglandins, which will stimulate the process of "expulsion" of the fetus from the uterus. It is very important to understand that in order to avoid severe complications, the patient must be under mandatory medical supervision within 2 hours after taking the above drugs.
In order to be completely convinced that an abortion has occurred, a woman needs to undergo an ultrasound scan two days after the procedure, and then re-appear for an appointment with a gynecologist two weeks later. According to experts, the effectiveness of this method reaches 99%. However, in some cases, abortion pills do not help to completely get rid of the fetus, and then the woman has to undergo such unpleasant procedures as:
As we said above, medical abortion is considered the most gentle way to terminate an unplanned pregnancy, since there is no mechanical effect on the uterus. As a result, its mucous membranes are not damaged, which eliminates many possible complications. However, this method also has a number of contraindications, in which the use of abortion pills is prohibited:
The following complications may occur during medical abortion:
The price of postcoital contraceptive pills depends on several factors. Firstly, the manufacturer of drugs affects the cost, secondly, the number of tablets in the package, and, thirdly, the region where contraceptives are sold. For example, such popular and widespread tablets as Postinor in Ukraine they cost an average of 200 hryvnias, and in Russia 350 rubles.
How much do abortion pills cost? The price of this type of drugs depends primarily on their manufacturer. In addition, as we mentioned earlier, pharmacological abortion is a medical procedure that should take place exclusively under the supervision of a physician. Therefore, the price of the services of a gynecologist is added to the cost of the abortion pills themselves, who will monitor the patient and be able to help her in a timely manner if something does not go as planned.
"Emergency" protection against fertilization of the egg is used to prevent pregnancy. Emergency contraception is a list of methods and means used after unprotected intimacy between a man and a woman. Medicinal and mechanical methods are noted among the methods. Medical emergency protection is effective for 72 hours after intercourse. Intrauterine devices are able to prevent fertilization for 120 hours. For all their effectiveness, the solutions cause damage to the woman's body, and their continuous use is contraindicated.
For any woman, an unplanned pregnancy is a serious stress. Intimacy is not always associated with long-term relationships, so in some cases it is better to immediately interrupt the process of fetal formation. The circumstances in which a woman may find herself “in a position” not planned can hardly be called ordinary, but it does happen. The following is a list of cases after which urgent contraception is required:
The last item can apply to any of the following cases:
Modern medicine knows several methods of effective and at the same time safe emergency prevention of fertilization after unprotected sex. Every sexually mature girl should know the classification of emergency contraceptives. Must have general idea about each variety. In the following sections, we will look at the most reliable methods for getting rid of possible consequences unprotected sex.
This category emergency funds Medical contraception is aimed at hormonal suppression of ovulation. Such drugs contain synthetic analogues of sexual female hormones providing protection against fertilization. There are two types of emergency hormonal contraception: oral (pills) and prolonged (injections / injections). Below is a list of the most effective drugs in this category:
The only non-drug method of emergency prevention of pregnancy is the installation of an intrauterine device. The mechanical device is inserted by a gynecologist within five days after unprotected sex and provides a contraceptive effect in 99% of cases. The disadvantage of this method is the lengthy preparation, which includes the passage of a medical examination (tests, ultrasound, etc.). Emergency insertion of an intrauterine device is contraindicated in women who have given birth, adolescents and victims of rape.
Traditional ways to prevent unintended pregnancy are not the only ones. There are also alternative methods of contraception for women. It is immediately worth noting that none of them is able to provide a guaranteed effect. If you don't want to jeopardize your future, use medication or an IUD. TO grandmother's recipes resorted to in cases of absolute necessity, when it is not possible to visit a doctor or purchase a contraceptive drug.
Write down for yourself more or less effective folk remedies so as not to be unarmed in an unforeseen situation:
The listed "grandmother's" means of emergency contraception can provide the desired result if applied within 5-7 minutes after unprotected intercourse. Combining the described methods is not recommended, as this can cause even more serious complications. If you are forced to resort to one of them, visit a gynecologist as soon as possible and describe in detail everything that you have done for contraception.
When studying the topic of the postcoital method of protection against pregnancy, you must clearly understand the main thing: any, even the most effective methods of medical emergency contraception cannot be absolutely harmless. After using medications, the following side effects may occur:
Birth control pills after an act of unprotected sex are contraindicated if the following diseases / conditions occur:
If you have the intention to protect yourself from an unplanned pregnancy after unprotected sex, heed the advice from the video below. A qualified specialist will tell you how emergency contraceptives work, explain in detail the rules for their use. Your doctor will also list the names of the most effective and safest emergency contraceptives to help you choose the right one.
Pregnancy is the most joyful and wonderful life span for woman. However, not for everyone. In some cases, conception comes as a surprise and forces the fairer sex to take emergency measures. In this article, we will talk about what kind of anti-pregnancy pills are after an unprotected act. You will learn how these drugs are used and whether they can be used regularly. It is also worth mentioning what the price of such drugs is and their name will be indicated below.
To begin with, it is worth finding out in what way conception is performed, as a result of which a child can be born. On average, once a month, the average woman undergoes hormonal changes in the body. The production of estrogen is replaced by progesterone, and an egg is released from the follicle. If sexual intercourse occurs at this point, pregnancy may occur. Also, conception can take place if the sperm enters the woman's body a few days before or after the rupture of the follicle.
Immediately after ovulation, under the influence of progesterone, active preparation of the endometrium begins. The layer thickens and becomes looser. In this way, the body prepares to accept the fertilized female gamete. If conception has taken place, then the fetal egg descends to the reproductive organ through the fallopian tube within a few days. Once in the uterus, the embryo is securely attached to the endometrial layer. This is where it will develop in the following months if the pregnancy persists.
Currently, there are many ways to stop the development of the embryo. It is worth noting that in this case it is better not to engage in amateur activities. Otherwise, you can earn serious health problems.
One of the most popular ways to terminate a pregnancy is curettage or vacuum aspiration. During the procedure, the doctor removes the fetal egg and part of the endometrium from the uterus. Such manipulation is carried out up to 12 weeks of embryo development.
You can also use medication. In this case, a prerequisite is a delay in menstruation no more than forty days. After taking certain drugs, the endometrium with the fetal egg is rejected in a woman and menstruation begins.
There are also special emergency methods of contraception. In this case, the remedy is taken a few hours after unprotected intercourse. As a result of the action of drugs, a woman begins to restructure hormones, and menstrual bleeding occurs.
There are several that allow you to terminate a pregnancy even before the fetal egg is fixed on the wall of the uterus. Pills against pregnancy after an unprotected intercourse have a different effect and method of use. Remember that you can not use these drugs as a permanent protection against unwanted conception. Anti-pregnancy pills should be used after an unprotected intercourse only in emergency cases. Otherwise, you can get serious health problems. Consider what drugs exist for emergency interruption of the development of the fetal egg.
This product contains a synthetic progestin. It is this component that has an effect on the peristalsis of the fallopian tubes and the state of the endometrium. Under the influence of a substance called levonorgestrel, the fallopian tubes reduce their mobility and slow down the activity of a fertilized egg. As a result, the fetal egg dies before it reaches the uterine cavity. If the set of gametes descended into the reproductive organ, then levonorgestrel changes the state of the endometrium. The egg is simply not able to attach to such a cavity.
Tablets "Postinor" should be taken two capsules every 12 hours. This is the duration of the above substance. The first pill must be drunk no later than 16 hours after intercourse. The course of drug use is three days. During this period, the woman should begin menstrual bleeding. Only then is emergency contraception considered successful.
Tablets "Postinor", the price of which is approximately 250 rubles, can be purchased at any pharmacy network. It is worth noting that in one package of the drug there are only two capsules. This means that for the course you will need 6 packs. For Postinor tablets, the price in this case increases and amounts to about 1,500 rubles.
These tablets are also based on the action of a substance called levonorgestrel. However, here the dosage of the drug is somewhat different. A woman needs to take one tablet within a day after sexual intercourse. Next, repeat the procedure twice with a difference of 24 hours.
For tablets "Escapel" the price is in the range from 250 to 300 rubles. The pack contains one capsule. This means that for the full course you will need three packs of Escapel tablets. The price in this case will be approximately 1000 rubles. It is worth noting that this medicine is somewhat cheaper than the drug "Postinor".
This remedy has the same effect as the Escapel tablets. After taking the drug, the reverse transformation of the endometrium and a decrease in the activity of the fallopian tubes begin.
It is worth noting that this drug is less popular than the first two analogues. However, this does not mean that the effect of the drug will not be so effective.
Anti-pregnancy pills after an unprotected intercourse may have a slightly different effect. Such drugs include the following: "Mifegin", "Zhenale", "Miropriston" and others. It is worth noting that these funds are most often used for The active substance of such drugs changes the transformation of the endometrium and enhances the contractions of the genital organ. Under such influence, the endometrium is rejected and the egg is released from the female body.
Unlike preparations containing levonorgestrel, mifepristone tablets are able to interrupt even after a missed period. Thus, the woman has time to make the right decision. These contraceptive pills after sexual intercourse are taken once. In this case, it is necessary to first obtain the approval of a doctor for such a correction. If the drug was not taken within the first three days after the sperm enters the woman's body, then the patient will need additional ones that block the production of progesterone.
These products containing mifepristone are slightly more expensive than previous medicines. So, one package can cost you from 1500 to 3000 rubles.
In addition to the above, there are drugs (contraceptives) to prevent unwanted conception after intercourse. These include the most common. However, doctors strongly do not recommend using this method because of possible side effects and complications. These drugs include the following drugs: birth control pills "Yarina", "Logest", "Novinet" and others.
Use them only after carefully reading the instructions. Here you will need school knowledge in mathematics. It is necessary to calculate the amount of hormones contained in one tablet. After that, you should calculate how many capsules you need to drink at one time to achieve the desired dose (as in Postinor tablets and its analogues). The average woman needs two to five capsules. You need to drink them every 12 hours for three days.
It is worth noting that drugs that interrupt the development of the embryo at the earliest stages have different effectiveness. A lot depends on when the medicine was taken. So, if you follow the instructions and drink the first dose immediately after intercourse, then the effectiveness of the drug will be more than 90 percent. In the case when at least a day has passed after sexual intercourse, the effect of the medicine will already be 70-80 percent effective. If the subsequent intake of the substance is disturbed or you are very late with the use of the first dose, then the probability of a successful outcome will be from 50 to 70 percent.
It is worth recalling that if abortion at the earliest possible time with the help of the above drugs failed, then doctors strongly recommend scraping. The thing is that these drugs affect not only the female body. The substances that make up the tablets have a detrimental effect on the condition of the fetal egg. If you want to leave the future baby, then be prepared for the fact that the child will be born sick or will have some deviations.
In order to avoid the need to use drugs for emergency contraception, it is necessary to take care of the methods of protection in advance. If you have a regular sexual partner, then it makes sense to start taking birth control pills. The price of such drugs can be different and range from 200 to 2000 rubles.
Absolutely all means that protect against pregnancy are divided into combined oral contraceptives and mini-pills. The latter contain a small dose of hormones and not all women are able to block ovulation. However, it is worth noting that such funds are the only tablets allowed to be taken during the period breastfeeding. Mini-pill drugs include the following:
The action of combined oral contraceptives is somewhat different. Such drugs completely block the work of the ovaries, preventing ovulation. The active substance of the tablets thickens the cervical mucus, preventing spermatozoa from entering the uterine cavity and surviving there. In addition, hormonal drugs affect the state of the endometrium, transforming it so that the fertilized cell cannot attach to the wall of the uterus. All oral contraceptives are divided into monophasic, biphasic and triphasic.
Monophasic agents include the following:
Biphasic contraceptives include Regvidon tablets (they cost from 200 rubles) and other drugs.
Triphasic birth control pills include the following:
Also, contraceptives may differ in the content of hormonal substances. So, tablets are microdosed and low-dose. There is also a group of high-dose drugs.
Microdosed include:
Low dose drugs are:
Such drugs are more often prescribed to women who have given birth or ladies after 30 years.
High-dose drugs have the following names:
