The law on the sale of alcohol, he also federal law of 11/22/1995 N 171-FZ, was not accepted in Russia. As not regrettable, our country is in the top of world ratings for alcohol use. It is no secret that alcoholism is one of the most important problems of our society, and various government officials also regularly focus on this.
One of the most effective levers to reduce the amount of alcohol, on average consumed by the country, is to limit its sale at the legislative level. Due to the fact that this kind of measure has already been adopted, the question of when it is forbidden to sell alcohol, interests and persons who are engaged in its sales, and persons who plan to consume it. Of course, there is a special law on the sale of alcohol, however, not everyone bothers to open it and understand everything. Below is all information in a more accessible and understandable form.
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In order to competently use and be guided by law on the sale of alcohol, it is necessary to clearly understand what exactly the concept of "alcoholic beverage". The law of interest is the Federal Law of 11/22/1995 N 171-FZ. In fact, all drinks containing 0.5% of ethyl alcohol or its fermentation products are officially alcoholic - art. 2 FZ-171. However, there is a small arrival. Under this concept does not fall all the products in which the percentage of alcohol does not exceed 1.2%. In the example, in such minor quantities, alcohol may be contained in fermented milk products (kefir, tang, kumys), as well as in kvass. It is worth noting that some types of kvass contain even more alcohol than 1.2%, but they are still not counted for alcoholic beverages.
In addition, all products that are officially positioned as non-alcoholic, and passed the appropriate testing under the sale of alcohol. The most common options are non-alcoholic beer and non-alcoholic wine. In them, the ethanol is usually present, but its share rarely exceeds half the percent, and therefore such drinks are not falling under the specified FZ.
The main list of alcoholic beverages is indicated in the above-mentioned federal law and other subtitle acts. If it is easier - any liquid containing alcohol is officially the scope of the law on the sale of alcohol. In particular:
The beer should stop separately. Many, for some reason, believe that beer does not fall under the law on the sale of alcohol due to the lowest content of alcohol in it. Also, often think about different low alcohol products, alcohol-based energy drinks, and so on. As a rule, the content of alcohol in such beverages is at the level of 3-4% or even higher, so there is no reason to make an exception for them. From a legal point of view of the law under consideration, the sale of 3.5 percent beers is equivalent to selling 70 percentage. But you need to understand that there are exceptions specified in other norms for the sale of beer. Therefore, if you decide to engage in retail beer - study legislation more carefully, in particular FZ-289.
The law on the sale of alcohol, in which in 2020, by the way, new amendments were made (entered into force on 06.08.2017), is the main regulatory act, which regulates the implementation of any alcoholic beverages.
One of the most important points of this law is to limit the age of persons who can be sold alcohol. In any instances, it is 18 years old. The exception was made only for those cases when a person officially entered into marriage, or opened his own private enterprise. In such cases, it is officially considered adults, and able to be responsible for its actions. However, even in the case of presentation, for example, marriage certificates. Sellers in stores very often refuse to the customer on sale alcohol.
Another very interesting point of law is to limit the area of \u200b\u200bpremises in which alcohol can be realized. The law on the ban on alcohol sale rebels the realization of alcoholic beverages in the institution, the area is less than 50 square meters. Outside the city feature, this restriction decreases to 25 square meters. This information regulates different articles of the law, but in fact, to understand it is necessary to immediately learn 278-ФЗ - it is precisely the basic amendments regarding changes in part of the premises.
It is worth noting that those who want to bypass the law on the sale of alcohol in Russia have always grabbed. A common scheme is an attempt to buy alcohol via the Internet. At the same time, the courier brings the client not only directly the drink, but also a lease agreement, which is a cover. According to this document, alcohol allegedly is transferred to the person to hire as a decorative element. At the same time, according to the contract, the recipient does not have the right to damage or open it. Nevertheless, now this scheme is already shaken by law enforcement officers without any problems. The lease agreement is recognized as it was drawn up to conceal the real contract of sale, after which the company is attracted to responsibility. In some cases, even the buyer can attract if he directly participated in the implementation of the scheme, fully aware of the fact that it is illegal.
Lawyer of the Board of Legal Protection. Specializes in administrative and civil cases, damage to the insurance companies, the protection of consumer rights, as well as cases associated with the illegal demolition of seashells and garages.
In Russia, the anti-alcohol campaign is gaining momentum. From September 1, the capital limits the sale of strong (from 15%) alcoholic beverages - it will be carried out only from 10 to 22 hours. After ten in the evening, in no stall and even the supermarket of Moscow, you can't buy strong alcohol. Until today, time limit was significantly already: 23.00 to 8 am. Such prohibitions operate in more than 70 regions of the Russian Federation, the most severe of them - from 20.00 and before noon - in Chukotka.
And how are alcoholic affairs in other states? We decided to ship the world experience and make a selection of alcohol sales limitations in different countries.
In the Scandinavian countries (Denmark, Norway and Sweden), the trade alcohol is allowed exclusively to state retail chains. In Sweden, strong alcoholic beverages and beer are sold only by the system of SystemBOLAGET, stores which are open from 10.00 to 18.00 on weekdays and from 10.00 to 15.00 on Saturday. On Sunday in the country, strong alcohol is not traded. Alcohol sell only people over 20 years old. Exception: Grocery stores sell beer with low alcohol content of persons over 18 years old.
In the history of Norway there was a period of winding drunkenness, and the "dry eyelid" - from 1756 for 60 years in the country there was a complete ban on the production of strong alcoholic beverages, which was canceled only in 1816 after the adoption of the Constitution of Norway. Today, Norway is one of the few European countries - preserved a monopoly on the production of strong alcoholic beverages. The network of Vinmonopolet is engaged in their sale.
In the neighboring Finland, at a time you can buy a maximum of two liters of alcoholic beverages in terms of absolute alcohol.
Alcoholic beverages in wine-making Spain are forbidden to sell in stadiums.
In Catalonia, at the initiative of the Ministry of Health of the Autonomy, a complete ban on the "happy clock" was introduced when the peteed places lure visitors with free alcohol. Violators of the law threaten a very high fine - from 6 thousand to 600 thousand euros.
The maximum allowable level of alcohol content in the blood of Spanish drivers is 0.05%.
In the US, restrictions on the clock and place of alcohol sales differ in different states. So, in California, trade alcohol both in bars and retail networks is prohibited from two to six o'clock in the morning. In Colorado, all drinks, except for 3.2 percent beers, can be sold only in special wine stores. In many states, it is impossible to sell a drink on Sundays, in some - for Christmas and during the elections.
Today, British teenagers, especially girls, - champions in drunkenness among Europeans.
In March 2009, Prime Minister Gordon Brown rejected the idea of \u200b\u200bincreasing the minimum retail price of alcohol.
The maximum allowable level of alcohol in the blood of drivers driving is 0.08% - the highest in Europe.
In Latvia, there is a ban on the retail sale of alcohol and beer from 22.00 to 8.00. Alcohol trade is allowed only in bars and restaurants that have the appropriate license. In Lithuania, the night sale of alcohol in shopping centers, stores, at gas stations is also prohibited in Lithuania. An interesting feature of the state: it is impossible to carry alcohol in car salons. Night ban acts in the capital of Estonia Tallinn.
In Germany, the sale of alcohol at gas stations from 10.00 to 18.00 is prohibited. In March 2010, the German land of Baden-Württemberg also introduced a night dry law.
The country has the rate of minimum prices for strong alcohol. So Vodka and Schnaps today in Germany should cost at least 9 euros (380 rubles) for a bottle of 0.5.
And, if the German worker worked for more than five years in the enterprise, and suddenly it turns out that he became an alcoholic, the employer must pay for the treatment, and it is very expensive.
In all provinces of Canada, except Alberta, a monopoly on alcohol retail trafficking belongs to local authorists who own the networks of liquor-breeding stores: in Quebec - SAQ network, in Manitoba - Liquor Marts, in New Scotland - NSLC.
In Portugal, according to polls, most in the world of non-drinking women (after Turkey) - 72%, but the country is one of the most drinkers in Europe by the number of pure alcohol per capita. However, in this country - one of the lowest mortality rates due to the wine southern culture of alcoholic beverages. Stores selling alcohol work from Monday to Friday from 9.00 to 13.00 and from 15.00 to 19.00. On Saturday, retailers are alcoholic beverages, with the exception of shopping centers and supermarkets in large cities, close at 13.00 to Monday.
In France, the so-called "open bars" are prohibited, where drinks containing alcohol are included in the cost of entrance tickets. In stores at gas stations, as well as in the already located cafes and restaurants, the sale of alcohol from 18 pm is prohibited from 18 pm.
In Brazil, in February 2008, a ban on selling alcohol in restaurants and at gas stations located along all highways and highways of the country were introduced.
In Belarus, since 2006, the sale of beer and low alcohol beverages in educational, medical, educational, theater, sports institutions, construction and gas stations is prohibited.
Hard restrictions on the appeal of alcohol operate in Arab countries. For example, in Saudi Arabia, its production, import and consumption is prohibited by law.
Based on pyanstvu-net.ru and akcyz.com.ua
Countries where alcohol is prohibited in many countries with the Muslim population, the use of alcohol is completely prohibited throughout / Below we listed countries with the most stringent anti-alcohol laws. 14. Yemen.
Alcohol is completely banned in Yemen, according to the principles of Islam. Yemenians are not allowed to consume and sell alcohol in all parts of the country, with the exception of Aden and Sana, where this drink is sold in certain permitted restaurants, hotels and nightclubs. Foreigners who are not Muslims are allowed to carry into a limited volume of alcohol into the country and allocate only at home. 13. United Arab Emirates (in Sharjah)
In the United Arab Emirates, alcohol is allowed to sell in accordance with the very stringent rules, with the exception of Sharjah, where it is completely prohibited. In Sharjah, it is allowed to have alcohol only to those who have a license for alcohol from the government (usually not Muslims). In addition, such valid license owners can only consume alcohol at home. Consumption, buying or any other form of alcohol use in public areas is strictly prohibited, and violators are subjected to imprisonment, strain or other forms of punishment. In other parts of the UAE, alcohol is allowed to sell in restaurants, hotels or other places where the seller has a valid license for the sale of alcohol. Alcohol consumption is allowed for not Muslims, but only in their private homes or hotels and bars that they visit. No other form of alcohol use is not allowed. Foreign tourists are allowed to import a limited number of alcohol into the country for personal use. 12. Sudan
In Sudan, a country, the country in the north-east of Africa, alcohol is strictly prohibited. The Islamist State prohibits the production, sale and consumption of alcoholic beverages in the country since 1983. The draft law on the ban on the alcohol, adopted by the Socialist Party of the Sudanese Union, is established in the mandate of this country. However, this prohibition applies primarily on Muslims, not Muslims can use alcohol in their personal rest. But tourists always advise to comply with and respect local rules and customs in Sudan, including alcohol consumption laws, so as not to get into any unpleasant situation. 11. Somalia
The laws of this Islamic country located on the African Horn are very strict when it comes to the implementation of alcohol laws. Here, alcohol production, trade in them and consumption are completely prohibited. Although not Muslims and foreigners are allowed to consume alcoholic beverages, they should do it in their personal space. Those who relate to Islamic laws are waiting for a strict punishment. 10. Saudi Arabia
In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, where the main place for all Pilgrims Islam, Mecca, acts a complete ban on alcohol. It is illegal to produce, import, sell and use. At the airport there is a strict checker of baggage to prevent alcohol into the country. Those who caught selling or using alcohol in public places, is a sentence, for example, a long term of imprisonment or spanking. Foreigners are also encouraged to be extremely careful about this delicate question and refrain from alcoholic beverages during the visit to Saudi Arabia. 9. Pakistan
In Pakistan, alcohol was resolved over three decades from the date of independence of the country. However, during the Board of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, a ban was introduced, and after his suspension from office in 1977, the ban continued to exist. Currently, although Muslims are not allowed to produce, sell and use alcoholic beverages within the country, not Muslim minorities allowed to apply for alcohol permission. Permits are often provided for economic growth. As a rule, 5 bottles of liquor and 100 bottles of beer are a monthly allowance for not Muslims in the country. 8. Mauritania
In the Islamic Republic of Mauritania in the West of North Africa, storage, consumption, sale and production of alcohol are prohibited for residents of Muslims. However, not Muslims are allowed to eat alcohol in their homes or in hotels and restaurants that have actual permits for the sale of alcohol. 7. Maldives
The Maldives, located in the Archipelago in the Indian Ocean, is a popular tourist center, known for the whole world with its beaches and exotic resorts, here alcohol is prohibited for the local population. Only at the resorts and in some hotels and restaurants on special passes are allowed to sell alcohol to visitors. 6. Libya
Tourists visiting Libya advise to respect local customs and rules. Laws relating to the sale and consumption of alcohol, there are quite tough. Sale and consumption of alcohol are completely prohibited. Those who do not respect the laws and publicly sell or consume alcohol, are strictly punished. However, it is said that alcohol can easily be raised by illegal. 5. Kuwait
In Kuwait, sales, consumption and storage of alcohol are prohibited by law. The country is led by intolerance policy towards those who sits drunk behind the wheel. If at least a small amount of alcohol detect in the blood of the driver, then the violator will be severely punished. The use of alcohol in public places is strictly prohibited, a violation of the prohibition can lead to the prison conclusion of local residents or to the deportation of foreigners. 4. Iran.
14. Yemen.
Foreigners who are not Muslims are allowed to carry into a limited volume of alcohol into the country and allocate only at home.
13. United Arab Emirates (in Sharjah)
In addition, such valid license owners can only consume alcohol at home. Consumption, buying or any other form of alcohol use in public areas is strictly prohibited, and violators are subjected to imprisonment, strain or other forms of punishment. In other parts of the UAE, alcohol is allowed to sell in restaurants, hotels or other places where the seller has a valid license for the sale of alcohol.
Alcohol consumption is allowed for not Muslims, but only in their private homes or hotels and bars that they visit. No other form of alcohol use is not allowed. Foreign tourists are allowed to import a limited number of alcohol into the country for personal use.
12. Sudan
However, this prohibition applies primarily on Muslims, not Muslims can use alcohol in their personal rest. But tourists always advise to comply with and respect local rules and customs in Sudan, including alcohol consumption laws, so as not to get into any unpleasant situation.
11. Somalia
Although not Muslims and foreigners are allowed to consume drinks, they must do it in their personal space. Those who relate to Islamic laws are waiting for a strict punishment.
10. Saudi Arabia
Those who caught selling or using alcohol in public places, is a sentence, for example, a long term of imprisonment or spanking. Foreigners are also encouraged to be extremely careful about this delicate question and refrain from alcoholic beverages during the visit to Saudi Arabia.
9. Pakistan
Currently, although Muslims are not allowed to produce, sell and use alcoholic beverages within the country, not Muslim minorities allowed to apply for alcohol permission.
Permits are often provided for economic growth. As a rule, 5 bottles of liqueur and 100 bottles of beer are a monthly allowance for not Muslims in the country.
8. Mauritania
However, not Muslims are allowed to eat alcohol in their homes or in hotels and restaurants that have actual permits for the sale of alcohol.
7. Maldives
Only at the resorts and in some hotels and restaurants on special passes are allowed to sell alcohol to visitors.
6. Libya
Those who do not respect the laws and publicly sell or consume alcohol, are strictly punished. However, it is said that alcohol can easily be raised by illegal.
5. Kuwait
The use of alcohol in public places is strictly prohibited, a violation of the prohibition can lead to the prison conclusion of local residents or to the deportation of foreigners.
3. India (in some states)
In Manipura and Lakswit, alcohol is prohibited locally, in certain areas. In Kerala, there are also some restrictions on the sale and consumption of alcohol. In other states of India there is no ban on alcohol.
Someone dry days are held during some festivals, the whole country marks dry days during elections or any national holidays, such as Gandhi Jayanti (Mahatma Gandhi's birthday).
2. Brunei
They must definitely say that alcohol is carrying, at the customs at the airport. Drinking alcohol is allowed only at home.
1. Bangladesh
Some restaurants, nightclubs, hotels and bars, especially working with tourists, are allowed to sell alcohol.
In the Scandinavian countries (Denmark, Norway and Sweden), the trade alcohol is allowed exclusively to state retail chains. In Sweden, strong alcoholic beverages and beer are sold only by the system of SystemBOLAGET, stores which are open from 10.00 to 18.00 on weekdays and from 10.00 to 15.00 on Saturday. On Sunday in the country, strong alcohol is not traded. Alcohol sell only people over 20 years old. Exception: Grocery stores sell beer with low alcohol content of persons over 18 years old.
In the history of Norway there was a period of winding drunkenness, and the "dry eyelid" - from 1756 for 60 years in the country there was a complete ban on the production of strong alcoholic beverages, which was canceled only in 1816 after the adoption of the Constitution of Norway. Today, Norway is one of the few European countries - preserved a monopoly on the production of strong alcoholic beverages. The network of Vinmonopolet is engaged in their sale.
In Finland, at a time you can buy a maximum of two liters of alcoholic beverages in terms of absolute alcohol. Wine-vodka shops here work on weekdays from 10 to 17 hours, on Saturday - until 14.00, and on Sunday closed.
Alcoholic beverages in wine-making Spain are forbidden to sell in stadiums. Autonomous Catalonia since 2009 imposed a veto to any ads of alcoholic beverages. Although in other regions of the country, alcohol is allowed to advertise on television and radio from 21.00 to 6.00. In Catalonia, at the initiative of the Ministry of Health of the Autonomy, a complete ban on the "happy clock" was introduced when the peteed places lure visitors with free alcohol. Violators of the law threaten a very high fine - from 6 thousand to 600 thousand euros. The maximum allowable level of alcohol content in the blood of Spanish drivers is 0.05%.
In the US, restrictions on the clock and place of alcohol sales differ in different states. So, in California, trade alcohol both in bars and retail networks is prohibited from two to six o'clock in the morning. In Colorado, all drinks, except for 3.2 percent beers, can be sold only in special wine stores. In many states, it is impossible to sell a drink on Sundays, in some - for Christmas and during the elections.
Today, British teenagers, especially girls, - champions in drunkenness among Europeans. In March 2009, Prime Minister Gordon Brown rejected the idea of \u200b\u200bincreasing the minimum retail price of alcohol. The maximum allowable level of alcohol in the blood of drivers driving is 0.08% - the highest in Europe.
In Latvia, there is a ban on the retail sale of alcohol and beer from 22.00 to 8.00. Alcohol trade is allowed only in bars and restaurants that have the appropriate license.
In Russia, the anti-alcohol campaign is gaining momentum. In the capital limit the sale of strong (from 15%) alcoholic beverages - it will be carried out only from 10 to 22 hours. After ten in the evening, in no stall and even the supermarket of Moscow, you can't buy strong alcohol. Until today, time limit was significantly already: 23.00 to 8 am. Such prohibitions operate in more than 70 regions of the Russian Federation, the most severe of them - from 20.00 and before noon - in Chukotka. In addition to the time frame, a tough pricing policy is found - in the near future they will raise prices for vodka. It is proposed to set the minimum retail price of vodka in the amount of 110 - 117 rubles (now - 89 rubles).
In Germany, the sale of alcohol at gas stations from 10.00 to 18.00 is prohibited. In March 2010, the German land of Baden-Württemberg also introduced a night dry law. The country has the rate of minimum prices for strong alcohol. So Vodka and Schnaps today in Germany should cost at least 9 euros (380 rubles) for a bottle of 0.5. German legislation does not encourage drunks. And alcoholics according to the law should undergo a course of treatment. And convicted abroad, the persons who committed crimes on the basis of alcohol abuse can be punished again in Germany. And, if the German worker worked for more than five years in the enterprise, and suddenly it turns out that he became an alcoholic, the employer must pay for the treatment, and it is very expensive.
In all provinces of Canada, except Alberta, a monopoly on alcohol retail trafficking belongs to local authorists who own the networks of liquor-breeding stores: in Quebec - SAQ network, in Manitoba - Liquor Marts, in New Scotland - NSLC. Portugal in Portugal, according to polls, most of all in the world of non-drinking women (after Turkey) - 72%, but the country is one of the most fading in Europe by the number of pure per capita alcohol. However, in this country - one of the lowest mortality rates due to the wine southern culture of alcoholic beverages. Stores selling alcohol work from Monday to Friday from 9.00 to 13.00 and from 15.00 to 19.00. On Saturday, retailers are alcoholic beverages, with the exception of shopping centers and supermarkets in large cities, close at 13.00 to Monday.
In France, the so-called "open bars" are prohibited, where drinks containing alcohol are included in the cost of entrance tickets. In stores at gas stations, as well as in the already located cafes and restaurants, the sale of alcohol from 18 pm is prohibited from 18 pm. In the winery France, unlike the majority of European states with an average and low strictness of alcohol policy, alcohol advertising on TV and other media is fully prohibited, with the exception of the Internet.
In Brazil, in February 2008, a ban on selling alcohol in restaurants and at gas stations located along all highways and highways of the country were introduced. Belarus in Belarus has been prohibited from 2006 to sell beer and low alcohol drinks in educational, medical, educational, theatrical, sports facilities, construction and gas stations.
Hard restrictions on the appeal of alcohol operate in Arab countries. For example, in Saudi Arabia, its production, import and consumption is prohibited by law.
(based on media materials)
