Cauliflower - Cultivation of seedlings
Preparation of a sector for cauliflower landing is the same as for. In the fall after harvesting, the soil loose, provoking weeds. Two weeks later, the soil is drunk on a full bayonet shovel, pre-introducing 5-8 kg of organic and 30-35 g of phosphoric and potash fertilizers per quarter. m.
Early spring, as soon as the soil is allowed, the area is loose and contributed to 20-25 g of urea per 1 square meter. m. in the absence of organic fertilizers dose mineral fertilizer It is necessary to increase 1.5-2 times. On the overwhelmed soils, cauliflower grown on high beds or ridges.
Remember! To get a compact ripe cauliflower heads ,. If you did not have time to accurate the soil in the fall, so that it is slightly assured, then after the spring resistance it is necessary to compact, slightly dissolve the rake, and after planting seedlings, press the soil around each seedling.
Cold cabbage is grown mainly ensure, sometimes - sowing seeds directly in open sad. For continuous collection of cabbage heads for 3-4 months, seed crops can be carried out in 3-4 times with a break of 15-20 days. For early spring landing time, seedlings are grown in room conditions or in greenhouses and greenhouses; For summer and summer-autumn timing - in the rags and open ground using film shelters with a decrease in temperature.
For cultivation in protected ground, varieties with a short period of vegetation are better fit. But even in a greenhouse with unfavorable weather conditions Heads can grow small. Most reliable medium grades. For late varieties, it is necessary to treat carefully, since, with a late sowing, they may not be evaluated.
To get friendly shoots and grow healthy seedlings for sowing it is advisable to take only major seeds. Before sowing, they are heated for 20 minutes in hot water At temperatures accurately 48-50 ° C, then quickly cooled in cold water and soaked in a heatman solution for 8 hours.
The seeds prepared for sowing are sown into the nutrient pot or in sowing boxes. Usually use drawers with a length of 50 cm, 30 cm wide, 10 cm high with a removable front wall. On the bottom of the box to improve the drainage are small shards or pebbles. The soil mixture is prepared from 3 parts of the low-spirited peat and one piece of humus. On the bucket of this mixture, 30 g of superphosphate, 15 g of potassium sulphate and 0.5 teaspoon of boric acid are added. Cubes are cut in a box or a mixture fill the bags of 6 × 6 cm sizes from a film or a coffee paper.
On the leveling, moistened and slightly compacted nutrient mixture, the grooves are outlined by a depth of 0.5 cm with a distance between them 3 cm. The seeds in them are decompressed after 1.5 cm, fall asleep with the same mixture and slightly seal.
At air temperature 20 ° C mass shoot will appear 4-5 days after sowing. So that the shooters did not stretch, immediately after their appearance, the air temperature must be reduced to 6-7 ° C for 4-5 days, and then lift to 13-15 ° C. Seedlings dive at the age of 8-10 days. After picking the soil in the boxes should be moderately wet, otherwise seedlings can get sick with a black leg.
Many gardeners sow seeds at the end of April immediately to the garden, placing rows after 10 cm, and seeds in rows after 5 cm. Then above the garden it is low the arcs and are covered with curable material. On warm days, the film must be removed, otherwise the seedlings will quickly stretch.
In the process of growth, seedlings are preferably twice. For the first time it is feeding it in 8-10 days after a dive or when the second real sheet appears, if you grow seedlings without dive. The second feeder make a week after the first. With the first subcorter, 10 g of urea, 20 g of superphosphate, 10 g of potash fertilizers are added to 10 liters of water; On the second feeding dose increased by 1.5 times.
The preparation of seedlings requires 45-50 days. Ready to landing pot seedlings should have at least 5 real leaves and a well-developed root system; Cuttle seedlings - at least 4 leaves. The plant should be hardened to cold and sunlight.
Remember: cauliflower seedlings reduces harvest and worsens product quality.
The seedlings grown in the apartment conditions before landing in open ground must be handled, since the sharp change of temperature can cause severe stress in plants, which leads to a rise in growth. For this 3-5 days before transplanting, seedlings must be placed in a cold greenhouse and do not open it for several days at night if freezing is possible. It follows to raise the frame only at the warmest time of the day, gradually increasing the time of the ventilation.
Cauliflower is not so easy to grow. It is demanding that the composition of the soil and the temperature regime is often amazed by pests. The yield of culture directly depends on how healthy and severe cauliflower seedlings are available at the disposal of a vegetable room. Many gardeners grow it independently, because they do not trust sellers. They understand - the immunity of plants is formed from the moment of sowing seeds.
This culture in Russia is grown by a repentance, because it is more heat-loving than her white relative. Timing seeds depend on the climatic features of the region and the grade of cauliflower.
The garden must take into account the ripening time when it plans to start sowing work. If you be late with this, late cabbage simply will not have time to ripen before the onset of cold.
Residents of the middle band are transplanted by seedlings when the air warms up at least to +15 degrees, while at the same time the thermometer bar should not fall below +10 degrees below. Such weather in the central part of Russia is usually established in the first decade or middle of May.
The age of seedlings of late varieties by the time of transplant is 55 days, it means that sowing work should be held in early March. Mediterranean varieties are transferred to the garden at the age of 40-45 days, and early - 30 days from the date of the emergence of friendly shoots, it means that they sow in 2 or 3 decade of March, respectively.
You can grow healthy cauliflower seedlings in two ways - in the overall drawer or in peat capacities. The first option is associated with the risk of damage to the root seedlings during dive and transplant in open ground. Cauliflower, sowned to the individual pots from peat, definitely will not suffer when it comes to transfer it to the bed, as the seedlings are cheered right in the cups. Some gardeners use a mixed method of growing cauliflower seedlings - sowing are produced into a common container, and then seedlings are peat-in-peat tanks.
Immunity culture and yield in the future depend on the quality of the planting material and the composition of the soil. Cauliflower is poorly growing on acidic soil. Young plants may be ill, so it is important to pay attention to the pre-sowing processing of seeds and soil.
Substrate for growing cauliflower seedlings experienced gardeners Prepare with their own hands. Culture is good fruits on nutritious loams with neutral or alkaline reaction. As components of the soil mixture use:
This is just one of the options for the preparation of the substrate, there are others. For example:
Some vegetables include a mixture of sawdust, a small amount of compost. It is important that the soil is in the measure of crumbly and enriched nutrients.
The composition of the soil is necessarily injected with wood ashes. On the bucket of the soil mixture is enough 1 cup. To avoid infection with a black leg, the land is shed a slightly pink solution of manganese. Another way of disinfection is also popular - gardeners heat the substrate in the oven to 200 degrees or watered just soaked water.
Seeds of cauliflower before sowing pass several stages of processing. First, they are calibrated, selecting the largest, of which they will grow strong and healthy seedlings, as depicted in the photo. Then the planting material is wrapped in a gauze bag and placed in a thermos with water heated to 50 degrees. There, the seeds will stay 15-20 minutes, after which they are cooled within 1-2 minutes in icy water. The next stage is the treatment of phytosporin or a solution of manganese. Next, the seeds are dried.
Attention! Experienced garders recommend to soak planting material after the end of the disinfection procedure in a nutritional solution with trace elements. Hormonal growth stimulants, such as epin or zircon help to strengthen the immunity of future plants.
For sowing it will take a container with a perforated from below. It is filled with a layer of soil with a thickness of about 6 cm, the substrate is moisturizing. On the surface with a stick or spoon, the grooves are placed at a distance of 4-5 cm from each other. The seeds are layered with an interval of 2.5-3 cm on a depth of no more than 1 cm. Top of crops are triggered by a thin layer of crumpled sand or ash.
The box or cups are tightened with polyethylene and leave indoors with room temperature. When sprouts seem on the surface of the soil, they remove the greenhouse. The seaside is immediately transferred to a glazed loggia or a veranda. A suitable temperature in the first 5-7 days of cultivation is + 6 ... + 9 degrees. If you do not comply with these conditions, seedlings will stretch.
Attention! Seedlings need good lighting. If the days after sowing are predominantly cloudy, over the cauliflower fasten the luminescent lamp. The duration of the daylight is 10-12 hours.
A week later, the seedlings are transferred to the room with a temperature of + 12 ... + 15 degrees or a greenhouse. Young plants watered carefully - the overvaluity leads to the development of a sick-leg. For prevention, robus is added to water for watering fungicides - phytosporin, Fundazol.
Already 12 days after the appearance of shoots, you can dive seedlings if the sowing was produced in a common container. Plants gently appear with a spoon with a lump of land and placed in peat pots.
In the first 2 days after picking, the seedlings need to be protected from the bright midday sun. Further care Includes watering and making fertilizers. The ground in the cups moisturize when its surface enhances, about once every 3 days. When 2 real leaves are formed on plants, mineral complex fertilizer contributes.
The second feeding of seedlings, extractive, is carried out in 2 weeks. The spraying solution is prepared, diluted in 1 liter of water 0.2 g of boric acid and 1.15 g of copper sulphate. For the third time, seedlings fertilize 2 weeks before transplanting to bed. At this time, for each plant, 20 ml of the urea solution and potassium sulfate are poured - 1 tbsp. l. / 10 liters.
Hardening seedlings - an important stage of cultivation. 12-14 days before the planned date of transplanting to open ground, seedlings begin to teach to external conditions. The stay in the fresh air increases gradually. In the last 2-3 days, seedlings will spend the night on the street.
Late varieties of cauliflower are transferred to the open ground aged 55 days, from the beginning to mid-May. Important condition - the plant should form 5-6 real leaves. It is impossible to allow seedlings to grow. If it still happens, then when the transplant will have to trim the roots by a third.
It is important to choose a place for growing cauliflower. This culture loves sunlight, nothing should prevent his penetration. The best cultural predecessors are:
Cutting under the cauliflower should be prepared in autumn. During deep steaming into the ground, manure, potash and phosphoric fertilizers contribute. If necessary, the Earth is lime. In the spring, the plot is leaving again, loose and smash.
Scheme of cauliflower seedlings:
Attention! With a thickened landing, plants lack nutrition, so they form small and loose inflorescences.
When planting seedlings into each well, superphosphate is added - 20 g, ammonium nitrate - 5 g, ash, compost, compost or humus. Fertilizers are stirred with soil and abundantly shed water recesses. Seedlings grown in cups from peat, cheat right in the capacles at the level of the lower leaves. After planting the soil, they moisturize and sprinkle with woody ashes.
After disembarking cauliflower seedlings in the garden, the vegetable breeding should take measures to protect it from pests. Further departure includes a weekly watering of bushes, a musting bed and fertilizer. When the heads come down, they are signed by crumbling leaves, otherwise they will darken.
The cultivation of cauliflower seedlings is not easy. Many dacities have problems with the organization of the right temperature regime for young plants. The main mistake that gardeners allow is insufficient coverage of seedlings, which is why stalks are pulled out. After the transplantation of culture to the open ground, the main attention should be paid to regular watering and protecting cabbage from insects.
Modern gardeners are not afraid of experiments and take the cultivation of a wide variety of cultures. Thanks to such experience, many types of cabbage appeared in our sites, including color - the most beautiful and tasty of them.
Rarely who can get strong and dense white cauliflowers in the first experimental year. But should not be desirable, because the first thing that affects future yield is the quality of seedlings. Buying it in the finished form it is impossible to say exactly what kind of seeds and under what conditions it was grown, what kind of varieties, and for how long the yields would be expected. Therefore, only independent sowing and growing seedlings in compliance with all rules and provision favorable conditions Allows you to predict the success of landings.
Cauliflower prefers light fertile soils with good moisture and air permeability
Depending on the diversion of maturation, the grade of cauliflower is divided into:
In our latitudes, the most successful is the cultivation of early grades, as one of the main conditions for successful formation and density of inflorescences is warm, but not hot weather and sufficient humidity during the growth period. After seeds are chosen, go to the next important issue - we determine the timing and cooking.
Video Pro Care for Cauliflower
To work, we will need:
First of all, we will deal with the soil. If you do not have the ability to prepare a mixture yourself, buy purchased substrates for seedlings. But it is still better to cook the grounds themselves - it is more economical, and in his quality you will be sure. Cauliflower prefers light fertile soils with good moisture and air permeability. If your land from the garden meets such requirements, it can be only slightly drained to the addition of large sand and focus on nitroammophos (1st.l. on the bucket of the soil). Also good option There will be a mixture of humus and non-chosen peat. It is very useful to add wood ashes, which is not only excellent fertilizer, but also stops the development of fungal infections.
Before sowing the soil, it is recommended to be disinfected to remove fungal disputes, pathogenic bacteria and possible pest larvae. The easiest way to do the warming of the land in the oven or shed her hot water With the addition of manganese. It is possible to prepare the land in advance in advance, but it is necessary to calculate the sowing. It is more precise, so that by the time the seedling landing is sufficient enough, but in no case turned.
Taking into account the climatic features of each particular region, calculate the optimal period.
And in order to receive a crop, the entire season experienced gardens sow seedlings in several stages, using varieties of different maturation terms.
Pre-training seeds is to stimulate their livelihoods and disinfection. The sowing material placed in a linen napkin is withstanding about half an hour in hot water (not higher than 50), after which they are quickly cooled under a cold jet. And for disinfection, you can use the same manganese or solution of fungicides. Before the sowing seeds are slightly dried on paper so that they do not lip to the fingers.
While the seeds are prepared, we will deal with tanks. After checking the presence of drain holes, fill the boxes or pots of soil, not sleeping to the edge of 1-1,5 cm. The land is slightly sealing and placing the landing scheme. To do this, it is best to use a wooden wand, spending grooves in a depth of 0.5-0.7 cm and a distance between them in 3 cm. Seeds are seeded with an interval of at least 1.5 cm, since more dense sowing will make it difficult to pick up.
After sowing the land in the pots slightly moistened from the sprayer, it is closed with a polyethylene film or a piece of glass to create "greenhouse" conditions, and put it in heat before shooting. Color cabbage sprouts quite quickly and the first green sprouts will appear after 3-5 days. Now it's time to remove the film and transfer the boxes into a cool place (not higher than 10 ° C) and closer to the light - on the windowsill. Such changes will suspend growth and shoots do not stretch. After 4-5 days, the temperature should be increased to 13-15 ° C.
Future inflorescences form more seedlings - if it is contained at temperatures above 20 ° C, the heads will be too early and loose, and the cultivation in cooler conditions provides better density and quality of inflorescences.
If it is not possible to provide the necessary temperature mode In the conditions of the residential rooms, then the seedlings are better taken to the balcony, a veranda or transfer to a greenhouse or a greenhouse.
As they grow, shoots will need watering
As they grow, shoots will need to be watering. At first, it is better to bring them better with the help of a sprayer so that the Earth does not blur, and the gentle shoots did not lie. The cultivation of young seedlings may encounter the main danger - a disease of the black leg. Therefore, it is better to prevent prevention in a timely manner in order not to lose plants. The most effective method of combating this nuisance is considered to use fungicides that are added to watering water. The most popular drugs are phytosporin, Fundazol, Bactophyte and others. Due to the concerns of the development of fungal diseases, it is necessary to avoid oveurgement of the soil, especially at low temperatures. If nevertheless noticed the first drooping shoots, immediately remove them together with an earthen room, treat the remaining seedlings with drugs and reduce the amount of irrigation for a while. Also, the positive effect in such cases will give the dilution of shoots and soil wood ash.
The cultivation of cauliflower passes quickly and for days after ten seedlings will be ready for picking. For this, the capacity takes a larger volume and depth, and even better to take sowing of each plant into a separate cup, so that later landing in the open ground has passed painless. Before picking, as well as after it, the land around the plants need to pour well. The replanted cauliflower first should be protected from direct sunlight, having shown it on the windowsill or thumping agriched in the greenhouse.
Cauliflower Growing Video
Further cultivation and care of the seedy is irrigated and regular spraying. As for fertilizers, they are brought into several stages:
When it is time to plant, seedlings should be full of power and hardened. It makes no sense to plant earlier than the blowjob's threat of return spring frosts, as a cauliflower, unlike a white-born, a thermal-loving plant may suffer from frosts, which will certainly affect the yield. But also to redistribute young bushes is also harmful, because in the phase of the seventh-eighth sheet, the plant is already beginning to form a head, and if it is rehanced at this time, the growing process will be broken.
Because of the concerns of the development of fungal diseases, it is necessary to avoid oveurgement of the soil
It is possible to plant a cauliflower on the bed with rows or in a checker order at a distance of 60-70 cm. To protect the roots from overheating and drying, the soil around each bustle is recommended to float the mulch layer in 1-1.5 cm.
That's all about growing seedlings. Having mastered her wisdom, you will get a generous, tasty and useful crop of cauliflower.
Cauliflower is rich in useful trace elements and vitamins. It is indispensable for dietary food. Cabbage heads can be a white, green, yellow shade.
Grow the vegetable in your garden is not all. Since the cauliflower is very capricious. Therefore, it is necessary to adhere to agronomic requirements. Garders are mainly used emergency method reproduction. This culture does not tolerate the temperature differences.
The key to a successful crop is timely seeding. Cabbage is different for the maturation date, therefore, planting each group is performed at one time.
Cauliflower seedlings are planted in an open ground after 45 days. Knowing the climatic conditions of their region can independently calculate the seed seed day at home.
Averaged timeline:
early varieties and hybrids - March 5-20;
secondary varieties in the third decade of April;
middle-varieties - April 20-May 10;
Land-timed varieties in the first decade of April.
Approximate landing time is used for the middle strip. In the southern areas of sowing shifts 2 weeks earlier. In the northern regions, on the contrary - later.
The soil for cauliflower uses purchased or prepare themselves. In any case, the soil must be loose, breathable, nutritious, with neutral acidity.
In the classic version use: sand, peat, garden land in a 1: 1: 1 ratio. Peat is used both low-handed and superficial. Only at the first variant are sawdust. Some gardeners add mineral fertilizers to the classic mixture: superphosphate, potassium, ammonium salter. Gardening land and sand can be replaced with sawdust and cowboat in the following parts (3: 1: 1). Where 3 parts are peat.
All components of the soil are disinfected: freezing, heat treatment under steam or in the oven, microwave.
Sowing material can be purchased in a specialized store or get yourself. At home, it is necessary to know the collection time, for example, early varieties are ripening after 170-205 days after germination, the middle-timed hybrids - 205 days, late - 220. The germination of seeds retain up to 5 years with proper storage (humidity - 35-50%).
The planting material is not subjected to processing, if purchased from well-known manufacturers. Since they have already passed calibration, etching. You can sow them dry. Seeds from the market and assembled independently, must pass preparatory procedures.
Calibration
Checking seeds for germination is carried out in two ways. In the first case, the planting material is calibrated. The largest grains are selected. The optimal diameter for early varieties of 1.5 mm, average - 2. To speed up the procedure, pick up the sieve with the desired cells.
The second method. A 3% salt solution is used. To obtain 1 liter of solution, add 1 tbsp. Spoon salt with a slide. Pull the seeds into the working solution and continuously stir the spoon for 3 minutes. Then leave for 30 minutes. Seeds that came to the surface are not suitable for sowing. From the bottom of the grain, they are collected, washed, slightly dried.
Disinfection
The grain is immersed for 15-20 minutes into the water heated to 50 ° C. The seeds are very small, so it is better to put them in a gauze bag. After a hot bath, lower the bag instantly in cold water, about 2-3 minutes. This procedure protects seeds from fungal diseases.
Then, lower the seeds into the solution with trace elements for 8-18 hours, for example, with Albit, Maxim. This allows you to protect cabbage from other diseases.
Germination
The planting material is loaded into the water for swelling by 12 hours. Water should cover the top layer of seeds. During this time, change water 3 times. The temperature is maintained in the range of 15-20 ° C.
The next day cauliflower will spend in the refrigerator. Temperature of content 1 ... + 3 ° C. Pre-water should be drained and put the seeds under a wet napkin. Make sure that the seeds do not flood. All actions are aimed at hardening, rapid germination and improvement of cold resistance. After 24 hours, the seeds are dry and dried into the soil.
To increase yields, accelerate the development of early hybrids, you should conduct narrovization. The method is long hardening (15 days) of germinated seeds in the refrigerator. The temperature should be within 0 ... + 3 ° C. After hardening, the grain is sent to the ground.
Sowing
Seeds sow in containers or individual pots. Simply put, with pickup seedlings and without it.
Sowing boxes choose a standard height - 4-5 cm. Put the soil and make grooves, depth 1 cm, step - 4. Then, shed a pink milgantaneous solution.
Seed seed at a distance of 2 cm from each other. The groove is sprinkled with the same soil. Containers are covered with glass and put in a pronted place, for example on the closet. The temperature is maintained 20-25 ° C. Carrying to spend up to 3 times a day. The soil should be wet, but not wet.
If seeds are sowing into separate pots, then the height should be 25-30 cm. Since cabbage has an extensive root system and the dive in this case is not needed. Landing into smaller pots will require transplant to more capacious boxes. Increasingly for sowing gardery use peat pots.
When disembarking in open ground, they are planted with culture. Which allows you to get enough seedlings in a new place. In each separate cup, two seeds are stacked. Weaker shoots are subsequently removed. Using the method without a dive, it is worth paying special attention to the preparation of the soil. Here it should be more nutritious.
Getting healthy and strong seedlings can be at home, if you pay proper care for seedlings.
Care
Up to the appearance of shoots, keep the temperature in the range of 18-22 ° C.
As soon as germs, drawers or vases will be rearranged by 14 days in a consecrated and cool place with a temperature of 10 ° C during the daytime, and + 6 ° C - night. Further optimal temperature 14 ° С. It is undesirable to allow an increase in temperature, as the seedlings will start tie buds.
Lightening
Cauliflower loves equivalent sanctification of 12 hours at night and day. If in the spring, there is not enough light day, shower the seedlings with fluorescent lamps.
Watering
Hold the soil after sowing in a wet state. If you show the irrigation, do irrigation from the pulverizer, so as not to pour the culture. It is overflow that is the enemy of seedlings, which provokes infectious diseases.
Do not forget to ventilate the room, but do not allow drafts.
Subordinate
In a seedale, cauliflower needs a balanced diet.
First feeder spend a week after dive. To obtain one liter of the nutrient solution, add 4 g of superphosphate, 2 g of ammonia nitrate, 2 g of potassium.
The second feeding is needed by a plant 2 weeks after the first. The composition does not change, but the number of ingredients increases twice.
The third feeding is needed 2 weeks before disembarking seedlings in open ground. You can use the purchase agent, for example, Kemira Suite. For self-preparation for one liter of water of the nutrient mixture, you will need superphosphate 5g, ammonium nitrate 3 g, potassium 8 g. The superiority should be potash fertilizers. The trace element will help the seedlings better come across in a new place.
If the cabbage seedlings did not dive, the fertilizers begin to make two real leaves and the appearance of the two next sprouts. In the future, feeding as in the version with the picking.
Picking
Shoots appear on 4-8 days after sowing. Seedlings develop before the appearance of two real leaves. At this time period, they need picking.
Separate seedlings into the soil or substrate. As an landlide copy, sawdust is suitable, with the addition of mineral fertilizers: lime, potash and ammonia nitrate, superphosphate.
For seedlings prepare cups 180 ml. Pull the soil, the center is deepening. Seedlings together with a lore land are planted in a funnel. Blowing to semi-sideled leaves.
Previously per day before picking, increase the temperature of the medium, up to 22 ° C. This makes it possible to better move stress.
After sowing, the cups are cleaned into the shaded and cool place for 2 days. The air temperature in the afternoon is withstanding 13 ° C, at night - 10. Resourisy gardens plant seedlings to polyethylene tubes, to save space. The center of each roll is placed sprout.
Problems and solutions
When growing cauliflower seedlings, robus faces some problems.
Disease seedlings with black leg. For the preparation of nutritional land, the garden land is used with their own hands. Some novice gardens ignore the decontamination of the Earth. As a result, causative agents of disease remain. The solution here is one thing - always disinfect the land by any available methods. Also drank seeds before boarding.
Seeds do not germinate. The reason - the shelf life of seeds ended. Remedy: Over the seeds. The second reason may be the wrong cultivation conditions. Read carefully on the packaging requirements at which the seeds board.
Seedlings disappear. The reason is dried down the bottom layer of soil. Elimination: adjust watering. Perhaps only spraying was used, and the moisture did not fall inside.
Root rot. The reason is overflowing, cold air temperature. Elimination: adjust watering, temperature. Seedlings to transplant into another soil and roots to be treated with a solution with manganese.
Seedling stretched out. Cause - heat, lack of lighting. Elimination: lower temperatures up to 14 ° C, extend the day day to 12 hours with additional lamps.
Cabbage does not grow after dive. The reason is damaged roots, poorly pressed the land near the stem.
Leaves wishes - lack of fertilizers. Elimination: Dung Zipi dilute with water in a ratio of 1:10 and feed the seedlings.
Died the growth point. Oversupply fertilizer. You can solve the problem in two ways. Transplant plants to another soil or shed plenty of water. Provided that the fluid will freely flush.
Slugged seedlings. The reason is a lack of nitrogen. Elimination: make feeding nitrogen-containing fertilizers.
Leaves of red-purple shade from the bottom. The reason is the lack of phosphorus.
Yellow edging of the leaves is a shortage of potassium.
Marble leaves - magnesium shortage. Elimination: replenish the stock of trace elements.
Two weeks before disembarking seedlings in open ground, stop feeding. Seedlings teach to temperature drops. To do this, make seedlings of cauliflower on fresh air during the daytime. The air temperature must correspond to + 5 ° C. Start a walk from a few minutes and gradually increase. At night they are entering the house.
In the soil prepare the wells with depths more than pots. Step between them leaves at least 25 cm, rows - 70.
As soon as the stable temperature (15 ° C) is established without frosts, seedlings can be planted in the ground. Night temperature varies from 8 to 10 ° C.
The early grade of cauliflower, in the middle strip plant in the interval of 25 Apode-May 15. At the same time, age should correspond to 25-60 days.
After landing behind the seedle, care is required: watering, feeding, the removal of weeds, the fight against pests.
Seedling early or cauliflower at home on the windowsill - not just, but very simple!
Creation of cabbage seedlings at home is better on the windowsill. For this, narrow windowsill expand. The length of the window sill attach two boards with a width of about 30 centimeters. The windows on the southeast and southwest side are most highlighted.
If dual frames are installed at home, then the illumination is 2 times decreased. To increase the light day to 14 hours in February-March, electric power is carried out.
Best of all, when painting seedlings of colored and early cabbage as a complementary source of light, hang fluorescent lamps of day and white light (for 1 square meter. Meter one hundred and twenty - three hundred WT). Lamps can be placed near the cavulus of cabbage seedlings.
Stock Foto Lighting seedling cabbage house fluorescent lamps
They emit little heat, but they give enough light. Conventional incandescent lamps for highlighting seedlings are preferably not used, because They damage the seedlings grown early cabbage and cauliflower, severely heating air. If you use in the "home greenhouse" of incandescent bulbs, then hang them to a height of 60 centimeters above the leaves of the cabbage cultivated seedlings.
In the photo seedlings white cabbage
Uniform lighting can be achieved by rearrangement of seedlings of early or seedlings of cauliflower and turning it into different directions. Cleaning window glass also affects good lighting.
When growing in winter and spring, cabbage seedlings are cleaned from the window (where the temperature becomes lower than the home) and transferred to the depths of the house. At the same time, the window glass is recommended to close the curtain. When conducting at home, the cabbage seedlings should be covered with paper, otherwise seedlings will suffer from supercooling. Either at the time of ventilation, rearrange the seedlings of cabbage to another room. It is followed in mind that the cabbage cultivated in room conditions can suffer from overheating from steam heating batteries, so at home you need to install protective screens or brushes. Protective screens will be removed from the seedlings of cabbage hot air.
At home they grow seedlings of early white, Peking, Chinese ,.
Sowing seed cabbage to the school is made in a small, for trouble-free transmission of boxes with seedlings to a more illuminated, warm place room, and to harm it to the balcony.
Sow cabbage by rows with a distance of 2-3 centimeters or aimsmind in a wet soil, after which it is gently sprinkled with sinking soil or peat and close on top with a film material, and immediately put it in heat.
Stock Foto Sowing Cabbage Seeds in Box
They germinate in 2 days at 20 ° C. Then film from cabbage seedlings are removed, the box is put in the illuminated, cool place (about 10 ° C). In the room where the cultivation of cabbage seedlings occurs, the temperature is usually adjusted using the handle and light web (or polyethylene film), which, on the one hand, delayed cold air, and on the other, it contained the air flow, providing a smooth, uniform distribution.
In the photo, seedlings of white cabbage prepared for the dive
The period of stay of the seedlings in the school - up to 10 days. The earlier the seedlings of cabbage will be subjected to moderately low temperatures, thedes they will become a root and stronger and will not work out. In the phase of the deployed seedlist sheets, seedlings begin to dive into the pots and drawers. In pots (boxes) the thickness of the soil is not more than 6 cm.
Stock Foto Picking seedlings cabbage "under the finger"
When growing seedlings of cabbage in pots (cups) per unit containers, dive to one seedlings, which are plugged to the seedlings, the springs of the cabbage should be tightly crimped. After picking seedlings of color or early white-baked cabbage, it is placed in a dark place for 2 days, watering with warm water. With the house of the loggia or a glazed veranda and at a favorable temperature, the seedlings of cabbage hold there.
Cabbage seedlings are started at 5-7 days after picking seedlings when the roots are developing. The larger in conditions homemade cultivation Cabbage seedlings will receive light in temperate temperatures (from eight to twenty ° C), it will become more resistant to low temperature in the open soil.
The cabbage seedlings (as white-born in the early sowing, and color) twice feeds during the period of cultivation in the house. The feeder is given in stage 2 or 3rd leaves, follow-up on the sixth day. In 5 liters of water dissolve ten-twenty ammonium nitrates, superphosphate ten-twenty grams and five to ten grams of potassium chloride. Microfertilizers will be only for use: boric acid, sulfuric acid manganese and sulfur-acid copper - all this should be added to each about one gram.
It is necessary to conduct hardening the grown seedlings of cabbage at a temperature in the house of about 11 degrees.
In the photo landing seedlings of white cabbage in an outdoor ground
