Brass - widely used alloy for creating various products, so the question is how to work with it is relevant to many masters. The process has certain features and difficulties, can be performed both at home and industrial methods. Under the observance of the rules, brass soldering will be under power to any person.
Brass is an alloy in which the main components are copper and zinc, and additional elements - tin and aluminum. Metal products are always used in everyday life. When you need to connect two different objects, resort to soldering. The method has some nuances, which should be known before you begin to fulfill work.
The main feature of the process is the active evaporation of zinc due to the effects of very high temperature. As a result, a dense film is formed, especially if the percentage of zinc in the alloy is more than 15%. It is not possible to destroy it possible even with alcohol rosin. Therefore, with brass soldering, it is important to use special fluxes.
It is also required to carefully examine all the stages of the process, as it is the only one possible variant firmly combine two different items in one. The essence of the soldering is that the molten solder is introduced between two parts connected, which fastens them. The main condition of the process is such - the heating temperature of the connecting element should be less than the melting point of the melted items.
Soldering solid solder allows you to get more durable and heat-resistant seams. Technology is carried out according to the standard rules. The advantage of the method is that you can connect objects from different materials. In this case, their surface, structure and properties do not change, as it happens when welding.
Before connecting brass products, you need to prepare them. To achieve the most effective result, special equipment is required - gas burner. Then the soldering will turn out to be reliable, and the connection site will not rush into the eyes.
For processing of parts from brass, oxalic acid or various domestic products are used. When working with acid, you should put the gloves and do not breathe above the solution, which is obtained in the following proportion: 20 grams per liter of hot or cold water. A solution is prepared in plastic containers in order to avoid exposure to other metals. It is needed to clean the alloy, after processing the product wipes and leave to be dried.
To solder two different items, you will need solder and flux that are manufactured personally. For example, it requires 20 grams of copper and silver to get a solder from brass, which are mixed and melted with gas burner and graphite crucible. After which the substance is placed in cold water And pull out when solder will cool.
Flux is created from the boos and boric acid, taking 20 grams of each powder, and produce 250 ml of water.
To connect two heterogeneous products, either a gas burner or soldering iron. As the latter, the usual electrical instruments are most often used. What power it should be depends on the nature of the work. If you are connected, for example, the parts with a thickness of up to 1 mm, then a tool with a capacity of 80-100 W is suitable.
When the brass solder is performed, it turns out a porous seam due to zinc evaporation. This worsens the reliability and quality of the connection. Therefore, it is recommended to connect the products. Using a soldering iron, preparation is performed in several stages:
Include in the network for the first time and wait until the tool stops smoking. That is, while it does not burn all substances used in the last time.
Having waited until the instrument cools up, drag out the sting.
If the tip does not have a protective coating, then a thin layer of tin is applied to the tip.
During the connection, the tool must have a temperature not lower than 500 degrees Celsius.
For high-quality bonding, it is reasonable to refer to the choice of flux and solder. It matters when the work is performed or a gas burner, or a soldering iron. Experienced masters It is argued that it is necessary to use a more active solder, which includes a zinc chloride. It is him that he can clean the surface of the objects from the appearing films from zinc oxide during heating.
Therefore, it is better to acquire a special flux, which can be driving a bora. If working with the alloy containing a large amount of copper, then it is better to use silver or copper-phosphoric components.
When connectable objects differ in the material of the manufacture, it is especially important to know which solder is suitable. Solder for brass soldering should be combined with surfaces of products and have a temperature significantly lower. If there are no strict strength requirements and appearanceThe connection is possible by Tin.
Go to the immediate execution of the spike, follows after the features of technology have been studied. First you need to prepare the following equipment and materials:
The task is done and without a flux drill, but then the seams are obtained visible, the connection site will not differ in particular strength.
Bonding products is performed as follows:
Very large products need to warm up gradually.
When you need to buy brass any brand, it will help the gas burner. First, the details are placed on the asbestos base and are connected. The seam is wiping with a bora-based flux, the solder falls on top.
The flame of the gas burner should fall at exactly this place. When copper soldering is performed with brass, you should prepare in advance special tool To remove an oxide film.
The soldering iron also manages to achieve a solid connection of the two products. In this case, such a flux is used as soldering or orthophosphoric acid.
After overcoming the surface of the products, after which a soldering iron is made with a solder. In the soldered products in this way you can hide defects. Soldering is performed with a well-preheated tool.
At home, you can very often encounter the need to connect brass products. For example, elements of plumbing and heating systems.
It will be possible to perform the required when at home there are two soldering iron - low-power - 40-60 W and powerful - from 100 watts.
When lacking experience with the soldering iron, some masters do not heat it up to the required temperature. To solder brass high quality, it is necessary to clean the tool and the surface of the parts connected.
Under the brass soldering at home, it is responsible to refer to the case and prepare materials in advance. If there is no gas burner, you can do the soldering iron. But in both cases it is important to thoroughly deal with the instruction manual.
How qualitatively it was possible to solder products from brass can be understood by the appearance of the seam, structure and mechanical strength.
Burner and soldering iron - dangerous tools, so during operation, follow the angle of inclination of the tool or flame. It will not hinder to make sure the integrity of the wiring and forks. During the soldering, you should not be distracted or leave a hot soldering iron in the children's access area. Some fluxes allocate harmful substances during melting, so you need to either work in the respirator, or more often to air the room.
When you need to connect brass products, soldering - the best decision. Explore how the process is performed, it is necessary, since each time the expert calling will be considered for family budget. But it is the master who can fulfill the work of any complexity qualitatively for a long time. When the pipe solder is required in water supply or electrical wires, the solder is better to trust the master. Therefore, inexperienced can be left without light or arrange a mini-flood.
In our practice often have to deal with brass items. They are well processed, roll and then draw. Most soldering a brass soldering iron by a conventional tin solder. This method, along with his simplicity, there are three serious shortcomings: seams turns white, noticeable and few people get to make this seam subtle; seams turns out relatively weak, it can easily dispense with bending; When black is black, it may turn out otherwise than brass and seams will get a completely different color or shade. This article will tell about the method of brass soldering using a gas burner with a special solder and flux. The seam obtained is practically not distinguished by the color from the main parts, very durable and is chemically much closer to brass than tin.
For soldering you need:
- gas-burner;
- asbestos base;
- graphite crucible (bath);
- silver;
- copper;
- Bura;
- boric acid.
First you need to make solder. It will consist of 2 parts of silver and 1 part of copper. Need to rush silver and copper (where to get silver? - Silver spoons know? Ideal fit). You can do this with the help of the same gas burner. We assume the amount of silver and copper we need, put them in a graphite crucible and warm burner. The crucible can be made from trolleybus contacts, they are lying a lot at the end stops. The size of the crucible is approximately 20x50mm. The groove is selected 5x40mm half-liter, which would make it easier to remove the resulting solder staple, for this there is also a hot crucible to omit into the water. When both metal are broken, mix them with a steel wire - crochet. In principle, you can first melt copper (as more refractory metal), and then add silver to the melt. Or vice versa - someone like it.
Everything, solder is ready. Cool it, roll off in rollers or flatten on anvil, then cut into small parts. You can just run the casting with a rough file into the chips.
Now flux. We take about 20 grams of borants (powder), as much boric acid (powder), mix and pour a glass of water. Boil (for better dissolution of ingredients). Everything, flux ready. This volume of flux is enough for the rest of life. Do not worry about what it can be chemically dangerous. Boric acid is rather passive and your fingers and tools it does not threaten. In principle, you can evaporate water, it is already a solid flux, it is frozen into powder and mix with the solder. It turns out a dry mixture of solder with flux. But it is an amateur.
Process soldering. We need to solder on something heat-resistant. Best of all, the plates from the Taranus are suitable for this. But if "Buran" does not fly over you, then you can do the asbestos plate. We put on it our soldered parts, wet the flux, sprinkle the solder chips (it takes very little bit) and begin to warmly warm. At first, just slightly, so that the solder slightly grabbed the soldes, then to red (about 700 degrees for this type of solder). Solder easily crops in the slot between the details and firmly solder them. At this stage there are the following dangers: Since the difference in the melting point of the solder and brass parts is only about 50 degrees, then you need to watch it not to overlay them. Otherwise you will get just one large ingot. It should be remembered that small details (for example, brass wire) are heated much faster than massive. Therefore, be careful. In this case, you need to warm the entire design slowly so that a large item has time to warm up.
The resulting seam has almost one color as digested parts. This is due to the fact that as a result of the soldering, the diffusion of the main metal in the solder occurs. Therefore, the same solder can be used when soldering silver - seam will be white.
The last stage is washing the products from the remnants of the flux, which remains on the product in the form of glassy droplets and influx. To get rid of them, you need a finished product to rinse in hot 3 percent sulfuric acid (or 15 percentage of gas soldering). You can do it on gas stoveBy putting a quartz glass test tube with dilute acid. The product is simply lowered into it for a short time (it must be tied to something that does not interact with the acid) and then is washed with flowing water.
I foresee the question: "Why can you not use a soldering iron?" The answer is very simple: the melting point of the solder is about 700 degrees, and the soldering iron can give only 200-250 degrees.
Those who did not use the gas burner earlier can ask how long the gas cylinder is enough? With normal use, consumption can be calculated at the rate of 1 liter per year.
The soldering is one of the ways of connecting two parts at which only connecting the material melts, and the surfaces of the elements themselves are fully saved. With this method, it is possible to connect heterogeneous materials, rather small elements, fragile chips, to connect or increase the wires, secure solid alloys, to carry out anti-corrosion processing.
Most often make a spray on brass, which is a zinc and copper alloy. Therefore, before starting work, the soldering iron should explore the peculiarities of the application of this material.
Most often, brass soldering is performed by a gas burner, and a bora, tin or other similar materials is used as a solder. At home, you can use a soldering iron or a special graphite electrode for such a job.
In principle, brass soldering resembles the processing of cast iron, copper, steel. However, it has its subtleties and features that must be considered.
For maximum efficiency, it is necessary to prepare the following materials and tools:
In some cases, bronze may be needed.
First of all, it is necessary to prepare a tenol, which will include two parts of silver and one part of copper. For this with the help of gas burner copper and silver It will be necessary to melt and glue the desired amount of material. Next, alloys are placed in a crucible and basking the same gas burner.
The molten copper and silver are mixed with a wire, and the crucible is placed in cold water. The frozen solder is flattened and cut. Then the chips are rubbed a large file from it.
The size of the graphite crucible must be approximately 20x20 millimeters. It is possible to make it from graphite coals (contact trolleybus elements).
For this, 20 grams of boral powder and 20 grams of boric acid powder takes. Ingredients are thoroughly mixed and 250 milliliters of water are poured. Then the resulting mixture is boiling and becomes cold.
For connecting brass parts, you can apply ready-made compositions. Among the domestic well established fluxes:
From imported, you can note the flux pasta of the German manufacturer Chemet.
Solder and flux are ready, you can now begin directly to the soldering. For this, the prepared details must be accurately put on the base from asbestos and start the soldering process.
If you compare such a soldering method with the connection of elements with tin, then it is not different. But time will be spent not in vain, since the connection will have increased reliability and strength.
Brass and copper or brass and materials containing copper can be combined with a low-temperature soldering with a 100-waling soldering iron.
I need to use as a solder tiny-lead alloy POS60 or higher. Flux can serve orthophosphoric or soldering acid.
Before working with brass, you should remove the oxide film and degrease the surface. The soldering should be done with a good soldering iron warming.
In addition, before soldering, carefully pay attention to the surface processing of the flux, which is carried out immediately before the suspension soldering iron with the solder.
Using a soldering iron you can connect brass using silver solders (PSR40 and higher). However, the power of the soldering iron must be from 0.5 to 1 kW, and the heating temperature is from 500c. Flux is recommended to be used on the basis of a bee or you can apply concentrated orthophosphoric acid.
In this way, you can pour various defects formed in brass massive products (radiators).
Brass alloys as solder are often used in construction when working with most metals. With their help, you can connect the parts made of copper, steel and even cast iron.
So, for example, cast iron elements are quite difficult to cook, because for this special electrode, flux and serious warming up. At the same time, they can be easily combined with brass solder.
The brass soldering method is very common when connecting the jack of jack, where it is very important that their internal cross section remains permanent. After applying such a method, external dimensions remain almost unchanged, the inner cross section is preserved, and the joint is securely sealed.
With the help of brass solder, you can connect various parts of cooling systems in electronic devices, copper tubes Liquid cooling system in powerful servers.
However, it should be borne in mind that brass seams in strength are inferior to the welded joint, therefore it is necessary to relate to them.
In some cases, a logging or a brass brass has been applied. It is used to apply on the surface of parts from an anti-corrosion coating. The logging is most often suitable for the processing of small unit products, it is practically not applied on an industrial scale.
When connecting parts from low-alloyed and carbon steels, a solid soldering is sometimes used, where the brass solder must have a melting point above 450 degrees.
In the process of soldering brass alloys, it should be borne in mind that poisonous pairs of zinc can stand out. Therefore, in the room where the work will be carried out, there must be good ventilation.
With all essential materials and tools and strict adherence to recommendations, the results of brass soldering will be the most positive. All work can be made independently, without resorting to the help of specialists, which is very expensive.
Weak brass finds use if you want to connect small metal parts. For example, it is used in artistic forging when assembling a general composition or in a home workshop. At the same time, the most suitable aircraft steel with a flat or square cross sectionwhere the area of \u200b\u200bcontact is more than a round rod. In addition to the fact that brass can be used as a solder to solder parts from this material, there are also some tricks to get high-quality seams.
Before starting a soldering, the product should be collected. For this, individual parts are fastened by means of metal wire (binders). When the preparation is over, everything together is placed in Gorg, where heating occurs until the metal is fascinated before red. When bookmarking, you need to show extreme caution. For clearing the place in coals under the product, a kocher is used, a fuel remains a fairly large and smooth layer. When working with charcoal, it is important to ensure that it does not get into forging, even the slightest pieces. Thinking the mountain should not be strong to get a uniform calcination.
The role of flux, as a rule, performs a bora. Before applying, it is wetted over the entire surface with water, after which they get to the soldering. Leaving the flux in place, take a brass twist and spend it where the connections should be. At this point, the flame in the mountain change its color to green. In the process of soldering, the product blank should not move and move from the original place. This will help to avoid accidental displacement of parts relative to each other, so as not to spoil the seams both from the point of view of the external attractiveness and reliability of the seam.
If the composition contains many items, the welding occurs differently. In those places where the soldering will be made, from the very beginning, the brass is folded by pieces, based on the fact that when heated it will begin to spread, with the result that the parts will be fastened.
Brass can be used by separate pieces, chips or sawdust, falling asleep in places of welding. At the same time, they must comply with the requirements of purity so that there are no impurities and extraneous inclusions. Iron chips and other metallic small parts are removed by magnet.
To solder smaller details, the fastening material is used with clay with salt added to it. But when assembling individual parts for fastening, a wire is used not from iron, but from brass. After that, the product sprinkles a brown, cooked clay and gently placed on a metal sheet, which is sent to the mountain. To think also weakly needed, clay warming should occur evenly. After it dries, the air flow is actively. Clay, which began to crack, suggests that the fastening of parts is reliable. Soldering of individual parts occurs through brass wire, which is melted at this point and fastens the part. At the end of the process, the mountain turns off, the finished forging product must cool. The final stage is removed of clay and flux, the surplus of the solder is cleaned with a file.
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Quite often, the craftsmen are wondering how to solder brass. If it is necessary to fasten parts from brass, several other technologies are applied. Brass parts are well handled, soldering, after which they are specifically castle. Many in this case are used as a solder in this case: it is practically in every workshop and easily melts the usual soldering iron.
The method is simple enough, but has substantial disadvantages:
Wike to avoid such problems will help with the use of special solder for brass and flux. Seam as a result difficult to distinguish from the main metal products in color, it is characterized by high strength, and chemical composition Much more similar to brass, rather than tin.
Working with brass, rather, is welding due to high temperatures for which an ordinary soldering iron is not suitable, but it is customary to call soldering mainly due to the fact that they use the solder.
First of all, the solder is prepared.
It consists of silver and copper in respect of 2: 1, which need to be fused on the gas burner. Copper is more refining, so you can start with it and pour the molten silver and mix the wire, bent in the form of a hook. The finished solder is cooled, rolled in rollers or on anvil, then cut into parts. There is more available way: With the help of a coarse file, walk along the casting, so that the chips formed.
Next, flux is harvested. The powder in the powder is mixed with the powdered boric acid in equal parts of 20 g, after which the glass of water is poured. So that the ingredients are well dissolved, all this needs to boil. As one of the use options, you can advise to evaporate water, solid ready flux and erase into the powder, which is subsequently mixed with the solder.
Weak brass with gas burner, tin, tin-lead and other similar solders are very common, although many do not decide to take the appropriate tool. Below will be considered all the subtleties of this process, the scope of application, as well as ways to implement it yourself at home.
Soldering is one of the ways to obtain a lifting connection. It is carried out by administering between two elements of the molten solder. So, the melting point of the latter should be slightly lower than that of the main details. With this process, heterogeneous metals can be combined with each other, and in some situations it is the only possible method Fastening.
Many identify such a compound of metals with welding, but they only have the end result. The essence is completely different. The most important difference is that when welding works There is a melting of the main material. Only metal-bunch is melted in the soldering, so that the integrity of the parts being processed is fully saved. Due to this, it is possible to work with rather small elements, not experiencing that they are deformed, and the structure with the properties of the soldered materials will remain the same.
However, it is worth considering that compared to the same welding the connection will be less durable. This is due to the softness of the solder, if we are talking about brass products, then this material When exposed to high temperatures, zinc highlights, and the seam is obtained more porous, which is also negatively reflected on the adhesion strength. Yes, and plays the role of the location of the elements, so the scinting is sufficiently unreliable, it is better to make a mustache.
Today, it is a soldering that takes one of the leading positions in the creation of all-point connections, yielding the place only. So, electronics who are forced to work with rather fragile chips, it is very difficult to imagine their profession without participating in it this process. In addition, soldering connections are very relevant in the electrics, if you need to increase or simply connect the wires.
Also in this way the connection is carried out in refrigerators, heat exchangers and other installations. It is often used to attach plates made of solid alloys to the cutting tool. You can also attach thin-walled parts to the thick sheet. In addition, sometimes anti-corrosion treatment is carried out with the help of mezzani. In general, the scope of application is quite extensive.
Soldering can be highly low-temperature. In the first case, the compound is obtained more reliable, plus he has increased heat resistance (this is due to the fact that the solders for this type of treatment have a greater melting point). Thus, the parts after such an impact can work with much more high temperatures Compared to the details connected in the second way. However, this specifies also has its drawbacks, as it is about excessively high temperatures, then this process will not be able to make a simple gear soldering iron. For him, special equipment is necessary, which greatly complicates the work.
Most often, the soldering iron is accounted for on the copper and zinc alloy, called brass. This material is mainly found in industry and householdSo from this material make radiators, pipes and many other products. Therefore, consider the features of working with him. First, it is very important to choose the right flux for brass soldering. After all, the ordinary caniforous alcohol is unable to remove the oxide film from its surface, so it is necessary to use more active ingredients whose base can be zinc chloride.
For soldering of elements in salt baths, fluxes containing a boorah or potassium fluororate have found their use. Usually their content in the solution is about five percent. They contribute to the best flow of the binder component into the gaps. 
Secondly, with special attention should be chosen and solder for brass soldering. For gas media, silver and copper-phosphoric components are perfect. They are applicable for work with brass, where great copper content. In the latter case, even brass can be used as a solder, simply its melting point should be significantly lower than that of the main alloy from which the details are made. Very common is brass brass solid. So, let's say, for connecting radiators, copper pipes and other elements of heating systems use L-Cup6. In general, solid solders won compared to soft, since the connection strength will be greater.
It is also important to consider the situation when the material of the parts connected is different, for example, how copper has a brass solder with brass, at home this process will be fully implemented, the main thing is to know some of its features, and which solder should be used. When heated on the surface of the brass, an oxide film is formed, also excessive heat contributes to the evaporation of zinc from this alloy, which falls into liquid metal-ligament. In this regard, the seams are obtained more porous, which contributes to the deterioration of adhesion strength.
In addition, due to this property, high-temperature soldering in special furnaces is very rarely used. What about the soldering in gas environments, then it is better to do with the use of flux, if there is no such possibility, then a layer of nickel or copper should be applied to the surface of the parts from brass. Such a solution will avoid zinc allocation and, accordingly, the compounds will be more reliable. Some solders contain substances that perform the role of flux, which makes the work easier, because you do not need to juggle a multitude of components while working. An example is the copper-phosphoric solder.
Having studied all the features of the process and reading all possible components, attention should be paid directly to the question of how to solder brass. After all, it is very often found in our everyday life, and it does not always allow the budget to hire specialists, so you have to cope with your own. Especially since we need just:
Without the last two elements of the seam, of course, it will turn out, however, it will be rather weak, white and seats of folds, if any, can disperse very quickly.
So let's proceed to the collection of all necessary. This list includes: gas burner, asbestos base, graphite crucible, bora, solder and boric acid. Solder is prepared as follows: one part of copper and two silver is taken, then they are put into the crucible and melted, heating on the gas burner, without forgetting to mix. The field of how the mixture turned out to be homogeneous, put the container in cold water, so that the contents are cooled. Then you can either cut it or use in the form of chips.
To make a flux will need a borah for brass soldering and boric acid, which are taken in a 1: 1 ratio and poured with water. So, taking 20 grams of each component, you will need 250 ml of fluid. Now proceed directly to the process. We take the items, process their surface flux and sprinkled with a solder chips. Then bring to the gas burner and greasy somewhere up to 700 ° C. Fear overheating, because thin brass parts are heated very quickly and can be deformed. Massive elements need to warm up gradually. The soldering can be considered completed. Of course, the soldering iron this procedure is much easier, but the burner is more reliable.
