A tree, as one of the most sought-after materials for the manufacture of furniture products, requires a special finish that will emphasize its natural beauty, extend operational time.
This process is called polished. Of course, O. folded performed, takes a lot of time, and all actions should be done very carefully. Despite the difficulties, the polishing of the tree allows you to create glossy surfaceThe main thing is to know the subtleties of the process.
As a result of polishing a wooden surface retains its natural color and acquires a mirror glitter. For polishing, it is necessary to apply a special composition several times on a tree, which is called the Polite. Unlike alcohol-based varnish, the polish contains three times less resin, which makes it possible to get a thinner and transparent decorative coating.
The technology for creating beautiful textures requires quality surface preparation, in particular, grinding and removal of pile, dust particles. Then the tree is processed by the primer emulsion, perform the layout and the final stage makes polishing.
Immediately it is worth noting that not all breeds are suitable for polishing. For example, loose wood is poorly polished.
Polish more efficiently dense breeds:
Beautiful texture After polishing, the beech wood receives, although it is difficult to polish it. Oak is notable, therefore, it is also composed of polishing. Rarely polished pine due to the cause of wood looseness, it is preferably grinding and lacked.
The market presents a rather extensive range of means for processing wooden products. It is possible to purchase a composition in the finished form in any specialized outlet, if you wish, it can be made at home based on varnish or wax.
To prepare with your own hands the working mixture for polishing a tree, you will need grinding checlack resin in the amount of 60 g and alcohol 0.5 liters. The components are mixed in a glass container, closed tightly with a lid, periodically stirred so that the shellac is completely dissolved. After that, the working fluid is filtered and overflow into the clean container.
For decoration of children's furniture, dishes it is more expedient to use oliff or wax paste. It is prepared from wax, turpentar (solvent) in a ratio of 1: 1. First, the main component is heated in the tank in the water bath, and then solvent is added to it. To achieve a homogeneous consistency, the mixture must constantly stir. To work with wax fits a tampon from felt. This is a safe view of a wood polyter, which does not emit harmful substances and is absolutely harmless.
If there is wooden lacquered furniture in the house and it is necessary to refresh it, you can use polyrol for wood in aerosol or liquid agent. A good effect is given in this case with silicone compositions.
Note! Furniture wasting for polishing is applied to a tree without a varnishing coating.
Can be prepared polyrolol from olive oil (2 parts) and lemon juice (1 part or a little less). Products must be mixed and apply from the sprayer to lacquered furniture or dipping a rag into a polyrolol.
Polyrol is also prepared from Skipidar I. bee wax By taking them in equal amounts, warming up in a water bath and mixing. Furniture polish uniform movements to shine, paying attention to all bends and catcakes.
The process of polishing the tree consists of several stages. To the surface after polishing perfectly looked, it must be at first, then coat with a layer of soil And only after carefully polished.
This procedure does not cause special difficulties, but takes a lot of time to give the tree a perfect species.
The surface must be without chips, burr, cracks and other defects. At first, the tree is processed by grinding opening No. 46-60, then with abrasive material No. 80-100 and in completion we are ground with emery paper No. 140-170.
Tree after grinding it becomes clean, smooth, without protruding fibers and vile.
At this stage, the prepared wood is ground with the help of a shellated polish and a tampon of linen fabric. Cotton, woolen fabrics are not recommended for these purposes, they leave after themselves small fibers, pork, well visible on polished product.
For applying the soil, a small amount of political is gained on the tampon and start rubbing in different directions. With this approach, small cracks are most effectively filled, pores, impregnation happens better.
Note! Initially make smears on a test surface. Politura should quickly dry and do not form bubbles. If it is much, then the surplus is removed, wiping the trial surface.
Processing Product leave for drying for 2-3 days. After the lacquer is good dry, it is necessary to abandon the tree with fine-grained abrasive material. The resulting dust is removed by the rag.
After the primer, the so-called layout is performed. On a tampon made of linen fabric, apply a couple of droplets of vegetable oil (This contributes to a lighter slip) and poured a little liquid shellated polish. For work, you can even more dilute the composition based on the shellac (8% solution is usually used).
Tampon come in side and produce smooth circular motions. The arrangement is carried out in three goeswhere each layer must dry, pollen with fine-grained emery paper and clean from dust. Light gloss can only be seen after applying the third layer of the means.
To polish the tree, that is, get the perfect shine, should be treated with fine-grained abrasive material in vegetable oil in vegetable oil (skin) wood surface, when the third layer of distribution is completely dry. After that, pour some vegetable oil and polish on the swamp.
Improve the strength characteristics of the polished coating can be if not alone, but several layers. At the end of the grinding, the product is recommended to be treated with a soft cloth moistened in a solution of polytheus and water. Excess oil can be removed, rubbing ethyl alcohol. In this case, the surface becomes more even.
Considering that the quality of polishing affects the observance of all the subtleties of the process, do not reduce the amount of layers applied and time to dry. Otherwise it will lead to a deterioration decorative qualities Coatings.
Polishing of the lacquered tree should be carried out in strict accordance with technological process, only then can be obtained as the most spectacular, sufficiently strong surface with mirror glitter. If there is no experience in this area, it is first recommended to practice on small samples, and then proceed to more expensive products.
Wood products - bedside table, shelf, drawer for the radio and so on. P. Look much more beautiful if they are decorated. Tree painted with oil paint, as rude and ugly, as not completely trimmed.
You can, of course, cover the wooden surface with alcohol varnish (transparent or color), but it is much better to polish it.
Best of all, the wood of hardwood is suitable for polishing, especially solid: oak, beech, walnut, maple, birch. Oak polished with difficulty, but he has a beautiful pattern, which can be even more rehabited. Birch is well stained and polished under nut or red.
Wood coniferous breed of resinist and succumb to decoration worse, but as we will see, and it can be polished with success.
Polishing process usually used in carpentry businessAlthough it is not difficult, but requires high labor, time and patience. At the same time, it can be significantly simplified and getting the results no worse.
The surface intended for polishing should not have deraides, gaps, fibers, cracks, glue flux, etc. on it should not be bitch.
First of all, the surface of the product is thoroughly polished first with a rough skin (No. 46-60), and as smoothing - smaller (No. 80-100). The final grinding is made by a very small skin (No. 140-170). We need to grind the surface, moving the skin, wrapped around a smooth wooden bar, along the fibers.
As a result of this processing, a smooth, monotonous matte color surface should be obtained. It must be slightly moistened with warm water and immediately wipe it with a dry cloth, and then dry for 1.5-2 hours at room temperature. This operation is needed to raise the pile - the smallest fiber of wood. The pile is then removed by the skin No. 120-140. Sometimes moisturizing, drying and removal of the pile have to repeat even twice, until the surface gets a smooth matte gloss with a light gloss.
This end the carpentry work and it can be embedded to staining the prepared surface with transparent coloring substances.
"For staining in brown color The paint "Bez" is dissolved in hot water. The concentration of the solution is taken depending on the desired shade. The paint is applied with cotton swab, after which the product is dried at room temperature for two or three hours.
You can use another dye: acid chrome brown-15 g, acetic acid - 10 ml, aluminum alum - 55 g, water - 5 liters.
A reddish brown color will turn out if you take 20 g of walnut veil, 2 g of "Rubin" dye and 1 l of water.
To decorate under the red tree, 50 g of copper mood in 1 liter of water and 100 g of yellow blood salts are also 1 liter of water. Mix solutions.
The dried painted surface is wiped along the fiber lump of a horse-hairy or wood chips, after which it becomes smooth and glossy.
On the painted surface using a conventional pulverizer used for spraying cologne, polite No. 13 or No. 14 is applied. It should be applied evenly, not allowing the formation of drops and drows. For one reception, you can apply five or six layers of political, after which it should be dried for 6-8 hours at room temperature. Then the poliet is applied again and dried again. It is repeated until the political cover the surface to the smooth layer so that the pores of the tree will not be visible.
If some areas are covered with polishes not enough, they can be sealed by a condensed polytemo. It is obtained by evaporation of the usual politico in a small vessel (for example, in a saucer) within 10-18 hours.
The material covered with the polytema is dried for three to five days, after which its surface is pretty shallow skin.
Polishing is made by cloth, screwed on wooden barber and grated paste "goow" (instead of "goy" you can also use a paste to edit razors or oil paint "Chromium Oxide"), and abundantly moistened sunflower oil. To the cloth did not intend to the fold, it is pinned with the buttons from the outside.
The polished surface gradually acquires a mirror glitter. Sometimes you need small plot Surfaces wipe with clean cotton and check the quality of the patches. When the polishing will be completed, the entire surface must be wired with a clean cotton, then the tampon, moistened with sunflower oil, and then again with clean cotton.
Although the resinous wood species is usually not recommended to polish, it is possible to do this as follows: the surface is covered with glass paper and the surface of the Baiti with a solution is covered with very liquid joinery and give it well. Then, with the help of the pulverizer, five or six layers of shellated varnish are applied and the way it was indicated above.
Wood products remain in demand for many centuries, since they have no equal on ecology and durability. Wooden furniture is always unique, as it is impossible to meet two trees with the same pattern. To preserve and emphasize the natural attraction of a wooden palette, a wood polishing is used. Polishing refers to a particularly laborious and highly artistic type of activity requiring certain skills, patience and time. Polishing is smoothing surface irregularities using various tools and reagents.
The polished surface becomes absolutely smooth, sparkling. With it, it is possible to emphasize the natural beauty of the tree, it is advantageous to highlight the factory drawing, to give the array the desired shade, protect the surface from mechanical damage, water, absorb odor, chemicals detergentsas well as the development of fungal processes and darkening. Inhale the life in old wooden products, having saved them from chips, pollution and give the primordial gloss.
Wood various trees It has different properties. For example, out coniferous rocks An array of pine is hard to dissolve, as the wood is too stuck, has significant horses, roughness and resin ducts, but the cedar and larch have a beautiful texture and are well processed. Among the hardwood trees, the woods from birch after polishing look much richer, imitating the nut, red tree, maple. Aspen is also well processed, and wear resistance can compete with oak. To create a bright, unusual texture take a lime array. Products from pear, apple trees, walnut and samshet are well transferred to polish and become even sophisticated. It is very difficult to polish oak due to the fact that the tree has solid wood and large texture.
Facial surfaces of wooden products that are most susceptible to different kind of influences are needed by polishing. Floors, ceilings, furniture, walls, details of staircases and other interior items. Wood polishing is used both for primary processing of arrays and restoration of rare things having various injuries or lost appearance. Processing can be subjected to surface with different initial coatings: lacquered, moraine or painted.
Before proceeding with work, you need to stock the necessary inventory. For coarse processing of bulk surfaces or removing the old coating, it is advisable to mechanize the process. Professionals use special grinding machines, plans for this.
To polish the tree with their own hands, you can use universal tools (Bulgarian, drill) with various nozzles. Consumables We are selected depending on the types of polishing.
They are as follows:
Grinding involves a complete or partial removal of old cladding. If the product is lacquered, the coating can be removed in several ways: chemical, thermal and mechanical.
Old cladding can be removed by a special wash. It is applied to the surface for 3-4 hours, dissolves varnish and then removed with a spatula. The next step is the neutralization of the washing itself with warm water with the addition of food vinegar. With this method, before carrying out further operations on the renewal of the coating, the product is dried from one to three days on a draft without direct access of sunlight. This is a long process and applies when you need a delicate effect on the tree.
With this method, the upper layer heats up with construction fabric. Under the influence high temperatures The coating soften and removes the spatula. When overheating, the facing occurs, which is a warning, as the fire may occur. Due to the release of harmful substances, when heated, this method is applicable only to work outdoors.
A mechanical method involves removing the old coating with coarse fiber nozzles and significantly injures the top layer of wood. If the lacquer or paint leaves the layers, the old coating is removed with a brush for polishing a tree with a metal bristle, a spatula or a screwdriver. If it fails to get rid of the top layer, then special or adapted machines for grinding and polishing are used in the paper. When applying data tools requires eye protection and respiratory tract From dust. To reduce its quantity, it is possible to water the surface with water, but then it is necessary for drying it before the next step of work. To do this, we use flat oxylipheal, angular, machines and drills with a plant for polishing a tree.
The drill is used on small areas, a flat-grinding machine - on smooth and flat surfaces. For large volumes, it will take a ribbon grinding. Polishing of wood with grinder universal, including can be used in the treatment of corners and ends. Grinding is carried out in several stages using different nozzles with a gradual transition from large-forming small-forming. For stripping smooth small products use cycles. It is important that the tool is well sharpened and did not have a burr that can damage the surface.
Tree polishing at home can be done using a girlish tool. To do this, secure sandpaper on a bruck made of soft wood.
Surface priming The necessary phase of wood polishing. In the primer, all the cracks and pores of the tree are filled with the composition, the surface of the tree is aligned, the hygroscopicity of the tree is reduced, which saves the polishing composition and makes it easy, and the result is better. The primer mixtures improve the adhesion of materials, so the final coating is kept much longer. The ground formulations protect the tree from rotting, molding and pests, increase its strength and smoothness. Depending on the degree of surface treatment and on what will be applied finish coatUse several types of ground mixtures. If the surface is poorly ground, you can buy alkyd primer, forming a dense protective layer, providing a matte and smooth surface. Due to toxicity, it is better not to use alkyd mixtures in the room. The drying time of the product ranges from 12 to 16 hours. The same properties have acrylic primer. It is used before painting latex, waterimulsion and acrylic paints. This primer composition has advantages, as it dries quickly, diluted with water, non-toxic. Before applying parquet varnish, the tree is ground with a polyurethane primer consisting of synthetic resins and solvent.
Shellak soil is used to treat bitch and wood of coniferous rocks, as it neutralizes the impact of the resin on the finish coating. Various antiseptic compositions are designed to combat disease and pests, wood preservation. Unpainted products are recommended to handle at least once every 5 years. If needed well penetrating in deep layers composition, then you can use olive or alkyd enamel. Olife is a good basis for applying oil colors. Treatment of hot oil will protect the tree from moisture. This composition is applied in two layers. Putty protects the tree from cracking at low temperatures. When polishing a tree at home, you can make a putty from the PVA and sawdust glue. This composition is used before applying varnish.
Soil mixtures are applied with linen tampons into small products. For processing large squares rollers are used, and for hard to reach places Apply aerosol spraying. The soil mixtures are applied in two layers, the second layer is ground after drying the first. After drying the second layer, the surface is polished with finely transparent emery paper.
Several types of coating are used to spread wood. To give the surface of the mirror glitter, the compositions based on shellac and nitrolaca are used. Shellac is a resin of natural origin, allocated by insects. You can buy ready-made mixtures on the basis of the shellaca, and it is possible to make a polytema and independently, dissolving the shellac in denature or ethyl alcohol. Politura is used to achieve the desired color different colors. The golden yellow shade gives the Pugature Pouring Tree. It is made of the raw materials of the highest quality. Medium-brown color gives wood standard polish, made of orange shellac flakes. Dark politura gives a tree a warm brown and red shade. White, made of bleached raw materials, process arrays from light rocks. The transparency of the polytensee gives the removal of wax from the shellac. It is used to preserve the natural shade of particularly bright varieties of wood. For the cardinal change of the color of the array, colored polytheus, which contain the dye black, green and red flowers. With the help of green polish "aged" furniture, the red gives brightness and juiciness. Color is adjusted by adding alcohol veil drops.
Nytrol-based polytop consists of varnish colloxylin, resin and volatile organic solvent. Such coatings form a solid elastic film on the surface, which, when polished, acquires either a mirror gloss or a matte texture when adding zinc stearate. Each new layer of such a coating is firmly connected to the previous one, creating a monolith.
When distributing a tampon from a tissue that does not leave the villi is wetted with sunflower or machine oil and polishing mixture. Then invertible circular motions, without a strong press, the solution is applied to the treated surface. At the same time, it is important to apply a small amount of composition so that the drops remain. After drying the first layer, the second and third are applied. After drying the last layer, the surface is again polished with fine-forming material.
For final polishing, a water-based water polishing paste is used. This species Coatings are absolutely safe and environmental. Such a paste can be bought in the store, or make it yourself. To do this, the wax cup melt with constant stirring. Then, removing from the fire, slowly enter the same amount of turpentine. After cooling, the mixture is pouring into a closed container. From the smell of turpidar you can get rid of adding essential oils Carnations, lavender, tea tree, eucalyptus, juniper, souls. Instead of a turpidar, you can use olive oil or vaseline. Spread the surface with cotton cloth. Wood polishing wax not only protects the surface from the sedimentation of dust, gives the surface of the shine, but also masks shallow scratches and chips. This coating is long protected by wooden products, but when touching it remains fingerprints.
To polish a tree, you can prepare a mixture of olive oil and lemon juice, water and ammona alcohol or acetic essence. Such solutions are applied to a wooden surface with a sprayer and triturated with a soft cloth from a nonvilous tissue.
Wood polishing with their own hands requires the skill and patience, but if all the rules are met, new wooden products will serve longer, and the old will acquire exquisite gloss and charm.
Despite the fashion, the lacquered furniture was and remains widely demanded due to its beauty and presentability. But she has a significant drawback - it is difficult to purify from dirt, so the stains need to be removed as they are educated. Polyrol for furniture gives products from wood updated view. And also restores polishing of furniture at home, and the interior items again acquire a well-kept view.
Lacquer-covered furniture has a number of negative qualities:
Polished furniture needs special care if they do not comply with, serious flaws may appear. In order for the interior items to serve a long time and retain their appearance, you need to pay attention to factors that harm lacquered products:
All this spoils the appearance of polished wood. The furniture becomes unavailable, quickly agitates, burns out in the sun, deformed. Spots and cracks appear on the lacquer layer. To avoid damage to the wooden facade, polyterols for furniture are used. The correctly selected tool will allow to extend the life of polished furniture. How to restore polishing for each type wooden furniturewill help learn more detailed information about each of them.
To effectively polish furniture, you need to properly choose a means for a glossy surface that protects it from small damage, scratches and chips. Properly applied to the surface of furniture Polyrol gives it shine, aligns the shade and prevents the accumulation of dust. With regular use, the tool helps restore the beauty inherent in the new product, as well as protect it from the negative effects of the environment. Auto-polyol and conventional wood polishing agents are different - one with a tinting effect, others - glowing. Therefore, choosing them, you need to get acquainted with each species.
In order for the lacquered furniture, there was no scratch, and the surface appeared on the surface, uses on the basis of wax, which reliably protect the tree from damage, and also hide small defects. The advantage of the wax-based polyterol is considered a long action of the means.
It is rare to cover wood with a composition, since the film is held for a long time, while maintaining powerful protective properties. The negative quality of the wax is that traces from any touch are noticeable on the surfaces polished surface.
If small damage and faded stains are visible on polished furniture, a polyrolol with tinted means is required. This composition has antistatic components, they repel dust from the treated surface and it retains the fresh look for a long time. When using a tinted polyerol, wood does not need to be lacquered, since the means in itself will make it bright and well-groomed. Polishing furniture with such a means is equal to painting. As a result, the restored wooden surface will acquire a glossy look. The means of masking scratches, as well as the warning of their appearance on the facade of the headset.
If polished furniture is covered with scratches, it is recommended to use compositions based on wax. This polyrol component fills small damage, making them imperceptible. A thick film appearing after the use of the agent prevents the appearance of scratches on the furniture.
Such equipment for polishing furniture refer to a separate group. The fact is that if there is a lacquer layer on the interior items, they cannot be covered by universal compositions that dried the surface. In this case, the creation is required from polishing fluid. additional protection - Durable film on top of the layer of varnish. Then directly the varnish becomes not needed.
The most famous polishes for furniture:
These, as well as other types of polyrol can be bought in a shopping store or on the market.
In addition to industrial compositions, it is permissible to cover wooden headsets folk remedies. They also carefully take care of the surface, eliminating scratches and minor damage. The best of them are considered.
To polish the wood, take 1 tuber, clean it and cut half. To do this, it is desirable to take a big potato. Then spend it by the facade of wood, which needs polishing. After that, we wipe the headset with a rag. Cleaning furniture can not be carried out with a damp cloth or sponge, as it leads to removal of gloss and the erasure of the polyrol. Lacked interior items can not be cleaned with soapy water, it spoils the surface of the product.
Cutting potatoes
Processing the coating
Wipe dry rag
To restore polished furniture, you need to apply oil onto a mob or soft cloth, and then gently wipe the wood. Upon completion of the work, the treated surface is cleaned with flannel flange.
Choosing a burdock
Police wooden furniture elements with flour and oil. Products need to be mixed in the same proportion, and then distribute over the surface of the furniture using a rag. This tool is well polisted by the surface of the scratched furniture, which, after processing, acquires well-kept views and gloss.
Connect the ingredients
Wipe the composition of the surface
If the headsets are badly polluted, it can be treated with vinegar. It will give the gloss of glossy furniture, and disks damage. After using vinegar, as a rule, the room must be used to ventilate nasty smell stopped "haunting" the headset.
Wipe furniture vinegar
We carry out the room
The furniture is wiping in a rag moistened in the brine. The brine is stronger, the better it spins the surface. It is not all folk waysrestoring the base of wooden furniture. But such recipes are considered the most effective, they have long retain the result, safe and accessible.
Any store composition, be it the coloring surface or regenerating glitter, is applied according to a certain rules, the non-compliance with which will spoil furniture. To restore polishing, the composition is applied to a dry surface, pre-purified from contamination. Polyrol in the form of an aerosol must be sprayed evenly.
At the same time, the distance from the balloon to the furniture is 30 cm, which will avoid the formation of drops. The thick layer of the polyrol is not applied immediately, it is better to wait until the first will dry completely, then neatly apply the second.
Polyrols in the form of cream are extruded on a cloth or a napkin, then rubbed into the wood until it becomes a monophonic and shiny. Before applying the surface should be clean and dry so that the remedy is evenly distributed and fully absorbed. How often it is worth using a cream or spray depends on the brand of the means, the surface of the furniture and the composition function.
Professionals advise to process a tree with a polyroller 1-2 times a month. This applies to Tumb, cabinets, chest of drawers and other interior items. But the countertop is recommended to cover the agent every week, since this piece of furniture is most often operated. If you neglect regular care, you may need a restoration.
So that the polyrolol gave a noticeable result, you need to know additional selection criteria. This will help choose a tool that is not only perfectly suitable for a certain coating, but does not cause discomfort from the person who uses him. If there is no silicone in the polyrol, it means that this means can cover not only the wooden surface, but also marble, plastic, glass and ceramics.
As a rule, conscientious manufacturers take care of the convenience of potential consumers and make packages with a polyrolla in the form of sprays, aerosols and creams that are easy to apply, dose, and then close to the next use. Popularity means can talk about quality. In order to make sure that the accuracy of advertising, you can interview familiar who have already used polyrolol. If the polyrolon is poor-quality, it will be immediately noticeable.
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Wood polishing is one of the most complex types of finishes, but at the same time it gives a beautiful transparent coating, which exceeds the texture and drawing of wood. The polished surface has a mirror shine and retains the natural look of the tree. Now polishing is no longer as common as a few decades ago, when many luxury items, such as the interior of the car, were injured by polished wood. In general, if it is necessary to emphasize the beauty of wood without varnishing, the best output will polish the tree.
Politura is carried out with the help of a special composition - polish. In this fluid, in contrast to alcohol varnishes, it contains less three times the amount of resins, and due to this, the decorative coating is obtained thin and transparent.
Not all varieties of wood are suitable for polishing. It is best to use fine-layer wood varieties: birch, samshet, grob, maple, pear and apple tree, red tree. But pine and oak, which are cocked wood, are not very suitable for this type of finishing.
Now you can find a large assortment of wood polishing compositions. Also, they can be cooked independently. For example, a very common shellated polish may be prepared at home.
It will take the grinding shellac resin (60 grams), wine or ethanol 90-95 degrees of the fortress (500 ml). The resin is falling asleep in a glass or ceramic container, alcohol is added and covered tightly with a lid. The composition must be constantly stirred from time to time, and when the shellac resin is completely dissolved, the liquid is filtered and overflow into a clean container.
The polishing work is carried out in several stages, the surface preparation (wood grinding, dust and pile removal) is obligatory. Then the surface is ground, and then they are distributing and polished.
This process is carried out using the composition for the political.
This stage of work is aimed at obtaining a beautiful mirror glitter.
The end result depends on the polishing technology. If you reduce the number of layers and the time of breathing, it may be low-quality polished, which will worsen the appearance of the product. If there is no experience in polishing, then before starting work it is better to practice on any small craft to fill the hand and acquire some experience in the wood polishing.
