House, design, renovation, decor. Courtyard and garden. With your own hands

The names of the columns produced in Russia often contain the letters VPG: this is a water-heating device (V) flow-through (P) gas (G). The number after the letters HSG indicates the heat output of the apparatus in kilowatts (kW). For example, VPG-23 is a flow-through gas water-heating apparatus with a thermal power of 23 kW. Thus, the name of modern speakers does not define their design.

The VPG-23 water heater was created on the basis of the VPG-18 water heater manufactured in Leningrad. Later, VPG-23 was produced in the 90s at a number of enterprises in the USSR, and then - SIG. A number of such devices are in operation. Individual nodes, for example water part, finds application in some models of modern Neva speakers.

Main technical characteristics of VPG-23:

• thermal power - 23 kW;
• productivity when heated at 45 ° С - 6 l / min;
• minimum water pressure - 0.5 bar:
• maximum water pressure - 6 bar.

VPG-23 consists of a gas outlet, a heat exchanger, a main burner, a valve block and an electromagnetic valve (Fig. 74).

The gas outlet serves to supply combustion products to the flue gas outlet of the column. The heat exchanger consists of an air heater and a fire chamber, surrounded by a coil cold water... The height of the VPG-23 fire chamber is less than that of the KGI-56, because the VPG burner provides better mixing of gas with air, and the gas burns with a shorter flame. A significant number of HPG columns have a heat exchanger consisting of one air heater. In this case, the walls of the fire chamber were made of steel sheet, the coil was absent, which made it possible to save copper. The main burner is multi-nozzle, it consists of 13 sections and a manifold, connected by two screws. The sections are assembled into a single whole with tie bolts. The manifold has 13 nozzles, each of which blows gas into its own section.

The block valve consists of gas and water parts, connected by three screws (Fig. 75). The gas part of the block valve consists of a body, a valve, a valve plug, a gas valve cover. A tapered liner for the gas valve plug is pressed into the body. The valve has a rubber seal on the outer diameter. A cone spring presses on it from above. The seat of the safety valve is made in the form of a brass insert pressed into the body of the gas part. The gas valve has a handle with a limiter that fixes the opening of the gas supply to the igniter. The valve plug is pressed against the tapered liner by a large spring.

There is a groove on the valve plug for gas supply to the igniter. When the valve is turned from the extreme left position by an angle of 40 °, the groove coincides with the gas supply hole, and gas begins to flow to the igniter. In order to supply gas to the main burner, the tap handle must be pressed and turned further.

The water part consists of the lower and upper covers, a Venturi nozzle, a diaphragm, a plate with a stem, an ignition retarder, a stem oil seal and a stem clamping sleeve. Water is supplied to the water part on the left, enters the under-membrane space, creating a pressure in it equal to the water pressure in the water supply system. After creating pressure under the membrane, the water flows through the venturi nozzle and rushes to the heat exchanger. The venturi nozzle is a brass tube, in the narrowest part of which there are four through holes that go into the outer circular groove. The groove matches the through holes in both water end covers. Through these holes, the pressure from the narrowest part of the venturi nozzle will be transferred to the supra-membrane space. The poppet stem is sealed with a nut that compresses the PTFE packing.

Automation works on the water flow as follows. When water passes through the Venturi nozzle in the narrowest part, the highest speed of movement of water and, therefore, the lowest pressure. This pressure is transmitted through the through holes to the supra-membrane cavity of the water part. As a result, a differential pressure appears below and above the membrane, which bends upward and pushes the plate with the stem. The stem of the water part, abutting against the stem of the gas part, lifts the valve from the seat. This opens the gas passage to the main burner. When the water flow is stopped, the pressure under and above the membrane is equalized. The cone spring presses on the valve and presses it against the seat, the gas supply to the main burner is stopped.

The solenoid valve (Fig. 76) is used to shut off the gas supply when the igniter goes out.

When you press the solenoid valve button, its stem rests on the valve and moves it away from the seat, while compressing the spring. At the same time, the armature is pressed against the core of the electromagnet. At the same time, gas begins to flow into the gas part of the block valve. After igniting the igniter, the flame begins to heat the thermocouple, the end of which is set in a strictly defined position in relation to the igniter (Fig. 77).

The voltage generated during the heating of the thermocouple is applied to the winding of the electromagnet core. In this case, the core holds the armature, and with it the valve, in the open position. The time during which the thermocouple generates the required thermo-EMF and solenoid valve starts to hold the anchor, is about 60 sec. When the igniter goes out, the thermocouple cools down and stops generating voltage. The core no longer holds the armature; the spring closes the valve. The gas supply to both the igniter and the main burner is cut off.

The draft automatics turns off the gas supply to the main burner and the igniter if the draft in the chimney is disturbed; it works according to the principle of “gas removal from the igniter”. Traction automation consists of a tee that is attached to the gas part of the block valve, a tube to the traction sensor and the sensor itself.

Gas from the tee is supplied to both the igniter and the draft sensor installed under the gas outlet. The thrust sensor (Fig. 78) consists of a bimetallic plate and a union, secured with two nuts. The upper nut is at the same time a seat for the plug, which closes the gas outlet from the fitting. A pipe supplying gas from the tee is attached to the fitting with a union nut.

With normal draft, the combustion products go into the chimney without heating the bimetallic plate. The plug is tightly pressed against the seat, gas does not come out of the sensor. If the draft in the chimney is disturbed, the combustion products heat up the bimetallic plate. It bends upwards and opens the gas outlet from the choke. The gas supply to the igniter decreases sharply, the flame stops heating the thermocouple normally. It cools down and stops generating tension. As a result, the solenoid valve closes.

Repair and service

The main malfunctions of the VPG-23 column include:

1. The main burner does not light up:

• little water pressure;
• deformation or rupture of the membrane - replace the membrane;
• clogged venturi nozzle - clean the nozzle;
• the stock came off the plate - replace the stock with a plate;
• misalignment of the gas part in relation to the water part - align with three screws;
• the stem does not move well in the stuffing box - lubricate the stem and check the nut tightness. If the nut is loosened more than necessary, water may leak from under the stuffing box.

2. When the water intake is stopped, the main burner does not go out:

• dirt has got under the safety valve - clean the seat and valve;
• the cone spring is weakened - replace the spring;
• the stem does not move well in the stuffing box - lubricate the stem and check the nut tightness. If the pilot flame is present, the solenoid valve is not held open:

3. Violation of the electrical circuit between the thermocouple and the electromagnet (open circuit or short circuit). Possible reasons are as follows:

• lack of contact between the terminals of the thermocouple and the electromagnet - clean the terminals with sandpaper;
• insulation breach copper wire thermocouple and short circuit it with the tube - in this case, the thermocouple is replaced;
• violation of the insulation of the turns of the coil of the electromagnet, their closure to each other or to the core - in this case, the valve is replaced;
• disruption of the magnetic circuit between the armature and the core of the electromagnet coil due to oxidation, dirt, grease, etc. It is necessary to clean the surfaces with a piece of coarse cloth. It is not allowed to clean the surfaces with files, sandpaper, etc.

4. Insufficient heating of the thermocouple:

• the working end of the thermocouple is smoked - remove soot from the hot junction of the thermocouple;
• the igniter nozzle is clogged - clean the nozzle;
• the thermocouple is incorrectly positioned relative to the igniter - position the thermocouple relative to the igniter so as to ensure sufficient heating.

The geyser NEVA 3208 is convenient, simple and reliable. Despite the venerable age of most of the exploited specimens, they quite regularly cope with their responsibilities for heating water. But sometimes you want to clarify something in the instruction manual. And this is where the problem comes in.

The original manual is most often lost, and the user manual is downloaded from the Internet. Neva-3208 impossible. More modern columns Neva 4000, 5000, Neva Lux 6000, boilers Neva Lux 8000 - please, but there are no instructions for Neva 3208.

The search comes across only fraudulent sites that require a cell phone number, but even there there is no instruction - one file name. This can be easily verified by trying to find a file on such a site with a deliberately non-existent name - for example, “ qwerrasdfgfgh - $% # [email protected]$ ". He will find it, and even say that it has been downloaded several thousand times! I hope that you do not fall for such tricks and do not enter your phone number on suspicious sites. And the instruction manual for the Neva-3208 geyser can be found here.

HOUSEHOLD GAS WATER FLOW HEATING APPLIANCE

NEVA-3208 GOST 19910-94

NEVA-3208-02 GOST 19910-94

OPERATING MANUAL 3208-00.000-02 OM

Dear customer!

When buying a device, check the completeness and presentation of the device, and also require the sales organization to fill out coupons for warranty repair

Before installing and operating the device, you must carefully read the rules and requirements set forth in this operation manual, the observance of which will ensure long-term trouble-free and safe operation of the water heater.

Failure to install and operate properly may result in an accident or damage to the device.

1. GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

1.1. Household gas flowing water heating apparatus "NEVA-3208" (NEVA-3208-02) VPG-18-223-V11-P2 GOST 19910-94, hereinafter referred to as the "apparatus", is intended for heating water used for sanitary purposes (washing dishes , washing, bathing) in apartments, cottages, country houses.

1.2. The device is designed to operate on natural gas in accordance with GOST 5542-87 with a lower calorific value of 35570 +/- 1780 kJ / m3 (8500 +/- 425 kcal / m3) or liquefied gas in accordance with GOST 20448-90 with a lower calorific value of 96250 +/- 4810 kJ / m3 (23000 +/- 1150 kcal / m3).

At the factory, the device is adjusted to a specific type of gas indicated on the nameplate on the device and in the "Certificate of Acceptance" section of this manual.

1.3. Installation, assembly, owner briefing, preventive maintenance, troubleshooting and repairs are carried out by operating organizations of the gas economy or other organizations licensed to given view activities. Section 13 must be marked and stamped by the organization that installs the apparatus.

1.4. Checking and cleaning the chimney, repairing and monitoring the water supply system are carried out by the owner of the device or by the house management.

1.5. Responsibility for safe operation the device and for its maintenance in proper condition is borne by its owner.

2. TECHNICAL DATA

2.1. Rated thermal power 23.2 kW

2.2. Nominal heating capacity 18.0 kW

2.3. Rated thermal power of the pilot burner no more than 0.35 kW

2.4 Nominal pressure of natural gas 1274 Pa (130 mm H2O)

2.5 Nominal pressure liquefied gas 2940 Pa (300 mm H2O)

2.6. Nominal consumption of natural gas is 2.35 cubic meters. m / hour.

2.6. The nominal consumption of liquefied gas is 0.87 cubic meters. m / hour.

2.7. Efficiency not less than 80%

2.8. Supply water pressure for normal operation of the device 50 ... 600 kPa

2.9. Water consumption when heating at 40 degrees (at rated power) 6.45 l / min

2.10. Gas combustion products temperature not less than 110 degrees

2.11. Chimney vacuum not less than 2.0 Pa (0.2 mm water column), not more than 30.0 Pa (3.0 mm water column)

2.12. Ignition of the "NEVA-3208" apparatus is piezoelectric, of the "NEVA-3208-02" apparatus - with a match

2.13. Overall dimensions of the device: height 680 mm, depth 278 mm, width 390 mm

2.14. The mass of the device is not more than 20 kg

3. DELIVERY SET

3208-00.000 Neva-3208 or NEVA-3208-02 apparatus 1 pc.

3208-00.000-02 RE Operation manual 1 copy

3208-06.300 Package 1 pc.

3208-00.001 Handle 1 pc.

Wall mounting hardware 1 set

3103-00.014 Gasket 4 pcs.

3204-00.013 Bushing 1 pc.

4. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

4.1. The room where the device is installed must be constantly ventilated.

4.2. To avoid a fire, do not put flammable substances and materials on the device or hang near it.

4.3. After stopping the operation of the device, it is necessary to disconnect it from the gas supply source.

4.4. In order to avoid defrosting the device in winter (when installed in unheated rooms), it is necessary to drain the water from it.

4.5. In order to avoid accidents and breakdown of the device, consumers are FORBIDDEN:

a) independently install and start the device into operation;

b) allow children to use the device, as well as persons who are not familiar with this operation manual;

c) operate the device on gas that does not correspond to the one indicated on the plate on the device and the "Certificate of Acceptance" of this manual;

d) close the grate or gap in the lower part of the door or wall, intended for the flow of air necessary for the combustion of gas;

e) use the device in the absence of draft in the chimney;

f) use a faulty device;

g) independently disassemble and repair the device;

h) make changes to the design of the apparatus;

i) leave the working apparatus unattended.

4.6. During normal operation of the device and with a working gas pipeline, there should be no smell of gas in the room.

If you smell gas in the room, IT IS NECESSARY:

a) turn off the device immediately;

b) close the gas cock located on the gas pipeline in front of the apparatus;

c) thoroughly ventilate the room;

d) immediately call emergency service gas facilities, tel. 04.

Until the gas leak is eliminated, do not carry out any work related to sparking: do not light a fire, do not turn on or off electrical appliances and electric lighting, do not smoke.

4.7. If an abnormal operation of the device is detected, it is necessary to contact the gas service and, until the malfunctions are eliminated, do not use the device.

4.8. When using a faulty device or if the above operating rules are not followed, an explosion or poisoning with gas or carbon monoxide (carbon monoxide) in the products of incomplete gas combustion may occur.

The first signs of poisoning are: heaviness in the head, palpitations, tinnitus, dizziness, general weakness, then nausea, vomiting, shortness of breath, impaired motor functions may appear. A burnt person may suddenly lose consciousness.

To provide first aid, it is necessary: ​​take the victim to fresh air, unfasten the clothes that are restricting breathing, let them smell ammonia, cover warmly, but do not let sleep and call a doctor.

If there is no breathing, immediately take the victim to a warm room with fresh air and perform artificial respiration, without stopping it until the doctor arrives.

5. STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE APPARATUS

5.1. Device device

5.1.1. Apparatus (Figure 1) wall type has a rectangular shape, formed by a removable cladding 7.

5.1.2. All the main elements of the apparatus are mounted on a frame. On the front side facing are located: handle 2 for controlling the gas valve, button 3 for switching on the solenoid valve, viewing window 8 for observing the flame of the pilot and main burners.

5.1.3. The apparatus (Fig. 2) consists of a combustion chamber 1 (which includes a frame 3, a gas outlet 4 and a heat exchanger 2), a water-gas burner unit 5 (consisting of a main burner 6, a pilot burner 7, a gas valve 9, a water regulator 10, a valve electromagnetic 11) and tube 8, designed to turn off the water heater in the absence of draft in the chimney.

NOTE: Due to the fact that JSC continues to work on further improvement of the device design, the purchased device may not completely coincide in some elements with the description or image in the "Operation Manual".

5.2. Description of the device

5.2.1. Gas through the branch pipe 4 (Fig. 1) enters the solenoid valve 11 (Fig. 2), the switch button 3 (Fig. 1) of which is located to the right of the gas valve switch knob.

5.2.2. When you press the solenoid valve button and open ”(to the“ Ignition ”position) (Fig. 3) the valve, the gas flows to the ignition burner. The thermocouple, heated by the flame of the pilot burner, transmits EMF to the valve electromagnet, which automatically keeps the valve disc open and provides gas access to the gas cock.

5.2.3. When knob 2 (Fig. 1) is turned clockwise, gas valve 9 (Fig. 2) performs the sequence of turning on the ignition burner to the "Ignition" position (see Fig. 3), gas supply to the main burner in the "Appliance on" position ( see fig. 3) and adjusts the amount of gas supplied to the main burner within the "high flame" - "low flame" positions (see fig. 3) to obtain the desired water temperature. In this case, the main burner lights up only when water flows through the device (when the hot water tap is opened).

5.2.4 The device is turned off by turning the control knob counterclockwise to the stop, while the main and pilot burners are instantly extinguished. The valve of the electromagnetic plug will remain open until the thermocouple cools down (10 ... 15 s).

5.2.5. To ensure smooth ignition of the main burner, an ignition retarder is provided in the water regulator, which works as a choke when water flows out of the supra-membrane cavity and slows down the movement of the membrane upward, and, consequently, the ignition speed of the main burner.

The device is equipped with safety devices that ensure:

• gas access to the main burner only with a pilot flame and water flow
• shutting off the gas valve to the main burner in case of extinguishing of the pilot burner or cessation of water flow,
• shutdown of the main and pilot burners in the absence of draft in the chimney.

1 - branch pipe, 2 - handle; 3 - button: 4 - gas inlet pipe; 5 - hot water outlet, 6 - cold water inlet; 7 - facing, 8 - observation window

Figure 1. Apparatus water-heating flow-through gas household

1 - combustion chamber; 2 - heat exchanger; 3 - frame; 4 - gas outlet device; 5 - water and gas burner unit; 6 - main burner; 7 - pilot burner; 8 - thrust sensor tube; 9 - gas tap: 10 - water regulator; 11 - electromagnetic valve; 12 - thermocouple; 13 - piezo ignition (NEVA-3208); 14 - plate.

Picture 2. Apparatus water-heating flow-through gas household (without lining)

Figure 3. Positions of the gas cock control knob

6. INSTALLATION PROCEDURE

6.1. Installing the device

6.1.1. The device must be installed in kitchens or other non-residential premises in accordance with the Gasification Project and SNiP 2.04.08.87

6.1.2. Installation and assembly of the device must be carried out by the operating organization of the gas economy or other organizations licensed for this type of activity.

6.1.3. The device is hung with holes (on the frame) on a special bracket mounted on the wall. The mounting holes of the device are shown in Fig. 4. It is recommended to install the device so that the viewing window 8 (see Fig. 1) is at the consumer's eye level.

6.1.4. Connecting dimensions of pipelines for gas inlet, water inlet and outlet, flue gas outlet through the flue pipe are shown in Figure 1

6.2. Water and gas connection

6.2.1 Connection should be made with pipes with DN 15 mm. When installing pipelines, it is recommended to first connect to the water inlet and outlet points, fill the heat exchanger and water system water and only after that carry out the connection to the gas supply point. The connection should not be accompanied by mutual tension of pipes and parts of the apparatus in order to avoid displacement or breakage of individual parts and parts of the apparatus and violation of the tightness of the gas and water systems.

6.2.2. After installing the device, the places of its connections with communications should be checked for tightness. Checking the tightness of the joints of the water inlet and outlet is carried out by opening the shut-off valve (see Fig. 4) of cold water (with the water taps closed). Leakage at the joints is not allowed.

Check the tightness of the gas inlet connection by opening the common valve on the gas pipeline with the device handle closed ("Device off" position). The check is carried out by soaping the joints or using special devices. Gas leakage is not allowed.

6.3. Installation of a chimney for the removal of combustion products

The apparatus must be provided with a system for the removal of combustion products from the apparatus outside the building. Flue pipes must meet the following requirements:

• must be sealed and made of non-combustible and corrosion-resistant materials, such as: stainless steel, galvanized steel, enamelled steel, aluminum, copper with a wall thickness of at least 0.5 mm;
• the length of the connecting pipe should not be more than 3 m, the pipe should not have more than three turns, the slope of the horizontal section of the pipe should be at least 0.01 towards the water heater;
• the height of the vertical part of the pipe (from the water heater to the axis of the horizontal section) must be at least three diameters;
• the inner diameter of the flue pipes must be at least 125 mm.

6.3.3. The connection between the appliance and the flue pipe must be tight. It is recommended to install the pipe according to the diagram in Figure 5.

6.4. After installation, assembly and tightness test, the operation of the safety automation must be checked (clauses 5.2.5 and 5.2.6.).

Figure 4. Installation diagram of the device

1 - chimney; 2 - branch pipe; 3 - heat-resistant sealant

Figure 5. Connection diagram of the flue gas pipe

7. ORDER OF WORK

7.1. Turning on the device

7.1.1. To turn on the device, it is necessary (see Fig. 4)

a) open the common valve on the gas pipeline in front of the device;

b) open the cold water shut-off valve (in front of the device);

c) set the handle of the device to the "Ignition" position (see Fig. 3),

d) press the solenoid valve button 3 (see Fig. 1) and repeatedly press the piezo ignition button 13 (see Fig. 2) (or bring the lighted match to the ignition burner) until a flame appears on the ignition burner;

e) release the solenoid valve button after turning it on (after no more than 60 s), while the ignition burner flame should not go out.

CAUTION: to avoid burns, do not bring your eyes too close to the viewing window.

At the first ignition or after a long period of non-use of the device, in order to remove air from the gas lines, repeat the indicated operations for the items d and e.

f) open the gas valve to the main burner, for which the handle of the gas valve should be turned to the right as far as it will go (position "Large flame"). The pilot burner continues to burn, but the main burner has not yet ignited.

g) open the water tap, and the main burner should ignite. Adjustment of the degree of water heating is carried out by turning the knob of the device within the limits of the positions "Large flame" - "Small flame" or by changing the flow rate of water passing through the device.

7.2. Turning off the device

7.2.1. At the end of use, you must turn off the device, observing the following sequence:

a) close water taps(see Figure 4);

b) turn the knob 2 (see Fig. 1) to the position "The device is off" (counterclockwise until it stops);

c) close the common valve on the gas pipeline;

d) close the cold water shut-off valve.

8. MAINTENANCE

8.1. Regular care, inspection and maintenance are essential to ensure long-term trouble-free operation and maintain the performance of the machine. Care and inspection are performed by the owner of the device.

Maintenance is carried out at least once a year by gas service specialists or other organizations licensed for this type of activity.

8.2.1. The device should be kept clean, for which it is necessary to regularly remove dust from the upper surface of the device, and also wipe the casing, first with a damp and then with a dry cloth. In case of significant contamination, first wipe the casing with a wet cloth dampened with a neutral detergent and then with a dry cloth.

8.2.2. It is forbidden to apply detergents strong action and containing abrasive particles, gasoline or other organic solvents for cleaning the surface of the lining and plastic parts.

8.3. Inspection

Before each switching on of the device, it is necessary:

a) check the absence of combustible objects near the apparatus;

b) check for gas leakage (by characteristic smell) and water leakage (visually);

c) check the serviceability of the burners by the combustion pattern:

the flame of the pilot burner must be elongated, not smoky and reach the main burner (a deviation of the flame sharply upward indicates clogging of the air supply ducts to the burner);

the main burner flame must be blue, steady and free of yellow smoky tongues, indicating contamination of the outer surfaces of the nozzles and inlets of the burner sections.

In the event of gas and water leaks, as well as burner malfunctions, it is necessary to repair and maintain the device.

8.4. Maintenance

8.4.1. During maintenance, the following work is performed:

• cleaning and flushing the heat exchanger from scale inside the pipes and from soot outside;
• cleaning and flushing of water and gas filters;
• cleaning and flushing the main and pilot burners;
• cleaning and lubricating the tapered surface of the plug and the gas valve opening;
• cleaning and lubrication of seals and rods of water and gas blocks;
• checking the tightness of the gas and water systems of the apparatus;
• checking the operation of the safety automation, including the draft sensor, for which it is necessary to remove the flue pipe (see Fig. 1), turn on the device and, with the gas cock fully open and the maximum water flow rate, close the device branch pipe with a metal sheet. After 10 ... 60 seconds, the device should turn off. After checking, install the flue pipe according to figure 5.

Works related to maintenance are not the manufacturer's warranty.

9. POSSIBLE FAULTS OF THE DEVICE NEVA 3208 AND METHODS OF THEIR ELIMINATION

10. STORAGE RULES

10.1. The device must be stored and transported only in the position indicated on the handling signs.

10.2. The device should be stored in a closed room that guarantees protection against atmospheric and other harmful influences at an air temperature from -50 ° C to + 40 ° C and a relative humidity of not more than 98%.

10.3. When the device is stored for more than 12 months, the latter must be preserved in accordance with GOST 9.014

10.4. The openings of the inlet and outlet pipes must be closed with plugs or plugs.

10.5. Every 6 months of storage, the device must undergo a technical inspection, during which the absence of moisture and dust clogging of the units and parts of the device is checked.

10.6. Apparatus should be stacked in no more than five tiers when stacked and transported.

11. CERTIFICATE OF ACCEPTANCE

Apparatus water-heating flow-through gas household. NEVA - 3208 complies with GOST 19910-94 and is recognized as fit for operation

12. WARRANTY OBLIGATIONS

The manufacturer guarantees the trouble-free operation of the device in the presence of project documentation to install the device and if the consumer observes the rules of storage, installation and operation, established by this "Operation Manual".

The warranty period for the device is 3 years from the date of sale through a retail network; 3 years from the date of receipt by the consumer (for off-market consumption);

12.3. Warranty repairs of the device are carried out by gas services, the manufacturer or other organizations licensed for this type of activity.

12.4. Average service life of the device is not less than 12 years.

12.5. When purchasing a device, the buyer must receive the "Operation Manual" with the store's mark of the purchase and check for the presence of tear-off coupons for warranty repairs.

12.6. If there is no store stamp in the warranty coupons with the date of sale of the device, the warranty period is calculated from the date of its release by the manufacturer.

12.7. When repairing the device, the warranty card and the back to it are filled in by an employee of the gas industry or an organization licensed for this type of activity. The warranty card is withdrawn by an employee of a gas facility or an organization licensed for this type of activity. The back of the warranty card remains in the instruction manual.

12.8. The manufacturer is not responsible for the malfunction of the device and does not guarantee its operation if the consumer presents evidence of:

a) non-observance of the rules of installation and operation;

b) non-observance of the rules of transportation and storage by the Consumer, trading and transport organizations;

Evidence can be presented both in the form of an opinion of an independent Expert, and in the form of an act drawn up by a representative of the Manufacturer and signed by the Consumer.

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Instantaneous water heater VPG-23

1. An unconventional view on environmental and economicgas industry problems

It is known that Russia is the richest country in the world in terms of gas reserves.

In environmental terms, natural gas is the cleanest type of mineral fuel. When burned, it produces a significantly smaller amount of harmful substances in comparison with other types of fuel.

However, the burning by mankind of a huge amount different types fuels, including natural gas, over the past 40 years have led to a marked increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, which, like methane, is a greenhouse gas. Most scientists consider this circumstance to be the reason for the current climate warming.

This problem alarmed public circles and many statesmen after the publication in Copenhagen of the book "Our Common Future", prepared by the UN Commission. It reported that climate warming could cause ice melting in the Arctic and Antarctica, which will lead to a rise in the level of the World Ocean by several meters, flooding of island states and permanent coasts of the continents, which will be accompanied by economic and social upheavals. To avoid them, it is necessary to drastically reduce the use of all hydrocarbon fuels, including natural gas. International conferences were convened on this issue, intergovernmental agreements were adopted. Atomic engineers of all countries began to extol the advantages of atomic energy, destructive for mankind, the use of which is not accompanied by the release of carbon dioxide.

Meanwhile, the alarm was in vain. The fallacy of many of the forecasts given in this book is due to the absence of naturalists in the UN Commission.

Nevertheless, the issue of sea level rise has been thoroughly studied and discussed at many international conferences. It revealed. That in connection with the warming of the climate and the melting of ice, this level really rises, but at a rate not exceeding 0.8 mm per year. In December 1997, at a conference in Kyoto, this figure was refined and turned out to be equal to 0.6 mm. This means that in 10 years the ocean level will rise by 6 mm, and in a century by 6 cm. Of course, this figure should scare anyone well.

In addition, it turned out that the vertical tectonic movement of coastlines is an order of magnitude higher than this value and reaches one, and in some places even two centimeters per year. Therefore, despite the rise in the 2nd level of the World Ocean, the Sea becomes shallow in many places and recedes (the north of the Baltic Sea, the coast of Alaska and Canada, the coast of Chile).

Meanwhile, global warming can have a number of positive consequences, especially for Russia. First of all, this process will contribute to an increase in the evaporation of water from the surface of the seas and oceans, the area of ​​which is 320 million km. 2 The climate will become more humid. Droughts in the Lower Volga region and in the Caucasus will decrease and possibly stop. The border of agriculture will begin to move slowly to the north. Navigation along the Northern Sea Route will be much easier.

Costs for winter heating will be reduced.

Finally, it must be remembered that carbon dioxide is food for all earthly plants. It is by processing it and releasing oxygen that they create primary organic matter. Back in 1927 V.I. Vernadsky pointed out that green plants could process and convert into organic matter much more carbon dioxide than its modern atmosphere can give. Therefore, he recommended the use of carbon dioxide as a fertilizer.

Subsequent experiments in phytotrons confirmed the forecast of V.I. Vernadsky. When grown under conditions of a doubled amount of carbon dioxide, almost all cultivated plants grew faster, fruited 6-8 days earlier and yielded a yield 20-30% higher than in control experiments with its usual content.

Consequently, Agriculture interested in enriching the atmosphere with carbon dioxide by burning hydrocarbon fuels.

An increase in its content in the atmosphere is also useful for more southern countries. Judging by paleographic data, 6-8 thousand years ago, during the so-called Holocene climatic optimum, when the average annual temperature at the latitude of Moscow was 2C higher than the present in Central Asia, there was a lot of water and there were no deserts. Zeravshan flowed into the Amu Darya, r. The Chu flowed into the Syr Darya, the level of the Aral Sea stood at +72 m and the connected Central Asian rivers flowed through present-day Turkmenistan into the sagging depression of the South Caspian. The sands of Kyzyl Kum and Karakum are the river alluvium of the recent past, dispersed later.

And the Sahara, whose area is 6 million km 2, was also not a desert at that time, but a savanna with numerous herds of herbivores, deep rivers and settlements of Neolithic man on the banks.

Thus, the combustion of natural gas is not only economically 3 profitable, but also from an environmental point of view is quite justified, since it contributes to the warming and humidification of the climate. Another question arises: should we conserve and conserve natural gas for our descendants? For the correct answer to this question, it should be borne in mind that scientists are on the verge of mastering the energy of nuclear fusion, even more powerful than the energy of nuclear decay, but not producing radioactive waste and therefore, in principle, more acceptable. According to American magazines, this will happen in the first years of the coming millennium.

They are probably wrong about such a short time frame. Nevertheless, the possibility of the emergence of such an alternative environmentally friendly form of energy in the near future is obvious, which should be borne in mind when developing a long-term concept for the development of the gas industry.

Techniques and methods of ecological-hydrogeological and hydrological studies of natural-man-made systems in the regions of gas and gas condensate fields.

In ecological, hydrogeological and hydrological studies, it is urgent to solve the problem of finding effective and economical methods for studying the state and forecasting technogenic processes in order to: develop a strategic concept of production management that ensures the normal state of ecosystems; develop tactics for solving the complex engineering tasks promoting rational use field resources; implementation of a flexible and effective environmental policy.

Ecological, hydrogeological and hydrological studies are based on monitoring data, developed to date from the main principles. However, the challenge remains to continuously optimize monitoring. The most vulnerable part of monitoring is its analytical and instrumental base. In this connection, it is necessary: ​​unification of methods of analysis and modern laboratory equipment, which would make it possible to carry out analytical work economically, quickly, with great accuracy; creation of a single document for the gas industry regulating the entire range of analytical work.

The methodological methods of ecological, hydrogeological and hydrological research in the areas of the gas industry are overwhelmingly common, which is determined by the uniformity of sources of technogenic impact, the composition of components experiencing technogenic impact, 4 indicators of technogenic impact.

The peculiarities of the natural conditions of the territories of deposits, for example, landscape and climatic (arid, humid, etc., shelf, continent, etc.), are due to differences in the nature, and with the unity of character, in the degree of intensity of the technogenic influence of gas industry objects on the natural environment. ... Thus, in fresh underground waters of humid regions, the concentration of pollutant components from industrial effluents often increases. In arid regions, due to the dilution of saline (typical for these regions) groundwater with fresh or low-mineralized industrial waste, the concentration of pollutant components in them decreases.

Particular attention to groundwater when considering environmental problems stems from the concept of groundwater as a geological body, namely, groundwater is a natural system that characterizes the unity and interdependence of chemical and dynamic properties determined by the geochemical and structural features of groundwater containing (rocks) and surrounding ( atmosphere, biosphere, etc.) environments.

Hence the multifaceted complexity of ecological and hydrogeological research, which consists in the simultaneous study of the technogenic impact on groundwater, the atmosphere, surface hydrosphere, lithosphere (rocks of the aeration zone and water-bearing rocks), soils, biosphere, in the determination of hydrogeochemical, hydrogeodynamic and thermodynamic indicators of technogenic changes, in the study of mineral organic and organomineral components of the hydrosphere and lithosphere, in the use of natural and experimental methods.

Both surface (production, processing and related facilities) and underground (deposits, production and injection wells) sources of anthropogenic impact are subject to study.

Ecological, hydrogeological and hydrological studies make it possible to detect and evaluate practically all possible man-made changes in natural and natural-man-made environments in the territories where gas industry enterprises operate. For this, a serious knowledge base about the geological-hydrogeological and landscape-climatic conditions prevailing in these territories, and a theoretical substantiation of the spread of technogenic processes are required.

Any technogenic impact on the environment is assessed in comparison with the background of the Environment. It is necessary to distinguish between the background natural, natural-technogenic, technogenic. The natural background for any considered indicator is represented by the value (values) formed in natural conditions, natural-technogenic - in 5 conditions, experiencing (experienced) technogenic loads from outsiders, not monitored in this particular case, objects, technogenic - in conditions of influence from side of the monitored (studied) in this particular case of a technogenic object. The technogenic background is used for a comparative spatio-temporal assessment of changes in the steppe of the technogenic impact on the Environment during the periods of operation of the monitored object. This is an obligatory part of monitoring, which provides flexibility in managing technogenic processes and timely implementation of environmental protection measures.

With the help of the natural and natural-technogenic background, the abnormal state of the studied media is detected and areas characterized by its different intensity are established. An abnormal state is recorded by the excess of the actual (measured) values ​​and the studied indicator over its background values ​​(Cfact> C background).

A man-made object causing the occurrence of man-made anomalies is established by comparing the actual values ​​of the studied indicator with the values ​​in the sources of man-made influence belonging to the monitored object.

2. EnvironmentalThe benefits of natural gas

There are issues related to the environment that have prompted numerous studies and discussions on an international scale: issues of population growth, conservation of resources, biological diversity, climate change. The last question is most directly related to the energy sector of the 90s.

The need for detailed study and policy formulation on an international scale led to the creation of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the conclusion of the Framework Convention on Climate Change (FCCC) through the UN. Currently, the UNFCCC has been ratified by more than 130 countries that have acceded to the Convention. The first conference of the parties (KOS-1) was held in Berlin in 1995, and the second (KOS-2) - in Geneva in 1996. At KOS-2, the IPCC report was approved, in which it was argued that there was already real evidence that the fact that human activities are responsible for climate change and the effect of "global warming".

While there are views that are opposed to the views of the IPCC, such as the European Forum on Science and the Environment, the work of the IPCC is now accepted as an authoritative basis for policymakers, and it is unlikely that the push from the UNFCCC will not spur further development. ... Gases. the most important, i.e. those whose concentrations have increased significantly since the beginning of industrial activity are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitric oxide (N2O). In addition, although their levels in the atmosphere are still low, the continuing increase in the concentrations of perfluorocarbons and sulfur hexafluoride makes it necessary to touch them as well. All of these gases must be included in national inventories submitted to the UNFCCC.

The influence of the increase in gas concentrations, causing the greenhouse effect in the atmosphere, was modeled by the IPCC under various scenarios. These model studies have shown systematic global climate changes since the 19th century. IPCC expects. that between 1990 and 2100 the average air temperature on the earth's surface will increase by 1.0-3.5 C. and sea level will rise by 15-95 cm. In some places, more severe droughts and / or floods are expected, while how they will be less harsh elsewhere. Forests are expected to die, further altering the sequestration and release of carbon on land.

The expected change in temperature will be too fast for certain species of animals and plants to adapt. and some decline in species diversity is expected.

Sources of carbon dioxide can be quantified with reasonable certainty. Combustion of fossil fuels is one of the most significant sources of increasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere.

Natural gas produces less CO2 per unit of energy. supplied to the consumer. than other fossil fuels. Compared to this, methane sources are more difficult to quantify.

Globally, it is estimated that fossil fuel sources account for about 27% of annual anthropogenic methane emissions into the atmosphere (19% of total emissions, anthropogenic and natural). The uncertainty intervals for these other sources are very large. For example. emissions from landfills are currently estimated at 10% of anthropogenic emissions, but they could be twice as high.

The global gas industry has studied the evolution of scientific understanding of climate change and related 7 policies for many years, and has participated in discussions with renowned scientists working in this field. The International Gas Union, Eurogas, national organizations and individual companies participated in the collection of relevant data and information and thus contributed to these discussions. Although there are still many uncertainties about the exact estimate of the possible future impact of greenhouse gases, it is appropriate to apply the precautionary principle and ensure that cost-effective emission reductions are implemented as soon as possible. Thus, the compilation of emission inventories and discussions on abatement technologies helped to focus on the most appropriate measures to control and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, in accordance with the UNFCCC. Switching to industrial fuels with lower carbon yields, such as natural gas, can reduce greenhouse gas emissions at reasonably high economic efficiency, and such switches are taking place in many regions.

Exploration of natural gas instead of other fossil fuels is economically attractive and can make an important contribution to meeting the commitments made by individual countries under the UNFCCC. It is a fuel that has the lowest environmental impact compared to other fossil fuels. Switching from fossil coal to natural gas while maintaining the same ratio of fuel-to-electricity conversion efficiency would reduce emissions by 40%. In 1994 g.

A special commission on the environment of the IGU, in a report at the World Gas Conference (1994), addressed the study of climate change and showed that natural gas can make a significant contribution to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions associated with energy supply and energy consumption. providing the same level of convenience, performance and reliability that will be required from future power supplies. Eurogas' brochure “Natural Gas - Cleaner Energy for a Cleaner Europe” demonstrates the environmental benefits of using natural gas from the local to the 8th global level.

While natural gas has advantages, it is still very important to optimize its use. The gas industry has supported efficiency and technology improvement programs, complemented by environmental management developments, further reinforcing the environmental case for gas as an efficient fuel contributing to future environmental protection.

Globally, carbon dioxide emissions are responsible for about 65% of the world's warming. Burning fossil fuels releases CO2 accumulated by plants many millions of years ago and increases its concentration in the atmosphere above natural levels.

The combustion of fossil fuels accounts for 75-90% of all anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions. Based on the most recent data provided by the IPCC, the relative contribution of anthropogenic emissions to the enhancement of the greenhouse effect is estimated by the data.

Natural gas generates less CO2 for the same supply of energy than coal or oil because it contains more hydrogen relative to carbon than other fuels. Due to its chemical structure, the gas produces 40% less carbon dioxide than anthracite.

Air emissions from burning fossil fuels depend not only on the type of fuel, but on how efficiently it is used. Gaseous fuels are generally easier and more efficient to burn than coal or oil. The recovery of waste heat from waste gases in the case of natural gas is also easier, since the flue gas is not contaminated with solid particles or aggressive sulfur compounds. Thanks to chemical composition, the ease and efficiency of use, natural gas can make a significant contribution to reducing carbon dioxide emissions by replacing fossil fuels.

3. Water heater VPG-23-1-3-P

gas appliance heat water supply

A gas appliance that uses thermal energy obtained by burning gas to heat running water for hot water supply.

Decoding of the instantaneous water heater VPG 23-1-3-P: VPG-23 V-water heater P - instantaneous G - gas 23 - thermal power 23000 kcal / h. At the beginning of the 70s, the domestic industry mastered the production of unified water heating flow household appliances who received the HSV index. Currently, water heaters of this series are produced by factories gas apparatus located in St. Petersburg, Volgograd and Lvov. These devices are automatic devices and are designed to heat water for the needs of the local household supply of the population and household consumers with hot water. Water heaters are adapted for successful operation in conditions of simultaneous multipoint water intake.

In the design of the VPG-23-1-3-P instantaneous water heater, a number of significant changes and additions were made compared to the previously produced water heater L-3, which, on the one hand, made it possible to improve the reliability of the apparatus and ensure an increase in the level of safety of its operation. in particular, to resolve the issue of shutting off the gas supply to the main burner in case of violations of the draft in the chimney, etc. but, on the other hand, it led to a decrease in the reliability of the water heater as a whole and to the complication of the process of its maintenance.

The body of the water heater has acquired a rectangular, not very elegant shape. The design of the heat exchanger has been improved, the main burner of the water heater has been radically changed, and the pilot burner, respectively.

A new element was introduced, which was not previously used in instantaneous water heaters - an electromagnetic valve (EMC); a draft sensor is installed under the gas venting device (hood).

For many years, gas flow-throughs produced in accordance with the requirements have been used as the most common means for quickly obtaining hot water in the presence of a water supply system. water heaters equipped with gas outlet devices and traction interrupters, which, in the event of a short-term loss of draft, prevent the flame of the gas burner device from going out, there is a smoke outlet pipe for connection to the flue duct.

Device device

1. The wall-mounted apparatus has a rectangular shape formed by a removable lining.

2. All main elements are mounted on the frame.

3. On the front side of the apparatus there is a gas valve control knob, a button for switching on an electromagnetic valve (EMC), a viewing window, a window for ignition and observation of the flame of the pilot and main burners, and a draft control window.

· At the top of the device there is a branch pipe for exhausting combustion products into the chimney. Below - branch pipes for connecting the device to gas and water mains: For gas supply; For cold water supply; To drain hot water.

4. The apparatus consists of a combustion chamber, which includes a frame, a gas outlet device, a heat exchanger, a water-gas burner block consisting of two pilot and main burners, a tee, a gas valve, 12 water regulators, and an electromagnetic valve (EMC).

On the left side of the gas part of the water and gas burner block, a tee is attached using a clamping nut, through which gas flows to the ignition burner and, in addition, is supplied through a special connecting pipe under the draft sensor valve; that, in turn, is attached to the body of the apparatus under the gas exhaust device (hood). The thrust sensor is an elementary structure, it consists of a bimetallic plate and a fitting on which two nuts are attached, which perform connecting functions, and the upper nut is also a seat for a small valve attached in a suspended state to the end of the bimetallic plate.

The minimum thrust required for normal operation of the apparatus should be 0.2 mm of water. Art. If the draft falls below the specified limit, the waste products of combustion do not have the opportunity to completely escape into the atmosphere through the chimney, they begin to flow into the kitchen, while heating the bimetallic plate of the draft sensor, which is located in a narrow passage on their way out from under the hood. When heated, the bimetallic plate gradually bends, since the coefficient of linear expansion when heated at the lower metal layer is greater than at the upper one, its free end rises, the valve moves away from the seat, which entails depressurization of the tube connecting the tee and the thrust sensor. Due to the fact that the gas supply to the tee is limited by the flow area in the gas part of the water-gas burner block, which occupies much less the area of ​​the thrust sensor valve seat, the gas pressure in it immediately drops. The igniter flame, not receiving sufficient power, falls off. Cooling of the thermocouple junction causes the solenoid valve to operate after a maximum of 60 seconds. The electromagnet, left without electric current, loses its magnetic properties and releases the armature of the upper valve, not having the strength to hold it in the position attracted to the core. Under the influence of a spring, the disc, equipped with a rubber seal, fits snugly against the seat, while blocking the through passage for the gas previously supplied to the main and pilot burners.

Rules for using an instantaneous water heater.

1) Before turning on the water heater, make sure that there is no smell of gas, slightly open the window and release the undercut at the bottom of the door for air intake.

2) By the flame of a lighted match check the draft in the chimney, if there is a thrust, turn on the column according to the instruction manual.

3) 3-5 minutes after turning on the device re-check for traction.

4) Do not allow use the water heater for children under 14 years of age and persons who have not undergone special instructions.

Use gas water heaters only if there is a draft in the chimney and ventilation duct Storage rules instantaneous water heaters... Instantaneous gas water heaters should be stored indoors, protected from atmospheric and other harmful influences.

If the device is stored for more than 12 months, the latter must be preserved.

The openings of the inlet and outlet pipes must be closed with plugs or plugs.

Every 6 months of storage, the device must undergo a technical inspection.

Operation of the device

b Turning on the apparatus 14 to turn on the apparatus is necessary: ​​Check the presence of traction by holding a lighted match or a strip of paper to the traction control window; Open the common valve on the gas pipeline in front of the device; Open the tap on water pipe in front of the apparatus; Turn the gas valve handle clockwise until it stops; Press the solenoid valve button and bring the lighted match through the viewing window in the casing of the device. In this case, the flame of the pilot burner should ignite; Release the button of the solenoid valve, after turning it on (after 10-60 seconds), while the flame of the pilot burner should not go out; Open the gas cock on the main burner by pressing the gas cock in the axial direction and turning it to the right as far as it will go.

b In this case, the pilot burner continues to burn, but the main burner has not yet been ignited; Open the hot water valve, and the main burner should ignite. The degree of water heating is adjusted by the amount of water flow, or by turning the handle of the gas cock from left to right from 1 to 3 divisions.

b Turn off the device. At the end of the use of the instantaneous water heater, it must be turned off, observing the sequence of operations: Close the hot water taps; Turn the handle of the gas cock counterclockwise until it stops, thereby shutting off the gas supply to the main burner, then release the handle and without pressing it in the axial direction, turn it counterclockwise until it stops. This will turn off the ignition burner and the solenoid valve (EMC); Close the common valve on the gas pipeline; Close the valve on the water pipe.

b The water heater consists of the following parts: Combustion chamber; Heat exchanger; Frame; Gas outlet device; Gas burner block; Main burner; Ignition burner; Tee; Gas cock; Water regulator; Solenoid valve (EMC); Thermocouple; Traction sensor tube.

Solenoid valve

In theory, the solenoid valve (EMC) should stop the gas supply to the main burner of an instantaneous water heater: firstly, when the gas supply to the apartment (to the water heater) disappears, in order to avoid gas contamination of the fire chamber, connecting pipes and chimneys, and secondly, in case of violation of the draft in the chimney (decreasing it against the established norm), in order to prevent carbon monoxide poisoning contained in the combustion products of the residents of the apartment. The first of these functions in the design of previous models of instantaneous water heaters was assigned to the so-called automatic machines, the basis of which was bimetallic plates and valves suspended from them. The design was quite simple and cheap. Across certain time, it went out of order after a year or two, and not a single locksmith or production manager even thought about the need to spend time and material on restoration. Moreover, experienced and knowledgeable locksmiths at the time of starting the water heater and its initial testing, or at the latest at the first visit (preventive maintenance) of the apartment, in full consciousness of their righteousness, pressed the bend of the bimetallic plate with pliers, thereby ensuring a constant open position for the valve of the automatic machine, and also a 100% guarantee that the specified element of safety automation will not disturb either subscribers or service personnel until the end of the service life of the water heater.

Nevertheless, in the new model of a flow-through water heater, namely VPG-23-1-3-P, the idea of ​​a "heat machine" was developed and significantly complicated, and, worst of all, it was connected with a traction control machine, entrusting the solenoid valve with the functions of a traction watchdog , functions that are certainly necessary, however, until now, they have not received a worthy embodiment in a concrete viable design. The hybrid turned out to be not very successful, it is capricious in its work, requiring increased attention from the service personnel, high qualifications and many other circumstances.

The heat exchanger, or radiator, as it is sometimes called in the practice of gas facilities, consists of two main parts: a fire chamber and a heater.

The fire chamber is designed to burn gas-air mixture almost entirely prepared in the burner; secondary air, which ensures complete combustion of the mixture, is sucked in from below, between the burner sections. The cold water pipe (coil) wraps around the fire chamber in one full turn and immediately enters the heater. The dimensions of the heat exchanger, mm: height - 225, width - 270 (taking into account protruding bends) and depth - 176. Coil tube diameter 16 - 18 mm, it is not included in the above depth parameter (176 mm). The heat exchanger is single-row, has four through passages of the water-carrying tube and about 60 fins made of copper sheet and having a wavy side profile. The heat exchanger has side and rear brackets for installation and centering inside the water heater body. The main type of solder on which the PFOTs-7-3-2 coil elbows are assembled. It is also allowed to replace the solder with the MF-1 alloy.

In the process of checking the tightness of the inner water plane, the heat exchanger must withstand a test with a pressure of 9 kgf / cm 2 for 2 minutes (water leakage from it is not allowed) or subjected to an air test at a pressure of 1.5 kgf / cm 2, provided it is immersed in a bath filled water, also within 2 minutes, and air leakage (the appearance of bubbles in the water) is not allowed. Elimination of defects in the water path of the heat exchanger by stamping is not allowed. The cold water coil almost along its entire length on the way to the air heater must be tacked to the fire chamber with solder in order to ensure maximum efficiency of water heating. At the outlet of the air heater, the exhaust gases enter the gas outlet device (hood) of the water heater, where they are diluted with air sucked from the room to the required temperature and then go into the chimney through connecting pipe, the outer diameter of which should be approximately 138 - 140 mm. The temperature of the flue gases at the outlet of the gas exhaust device is approximately 210 0 С; the carbon monoxide content at an air flow rate of 1 must not exceed 0.1%.

The principle of operation of the apparatus 1. Gas flows through the tube into the solenoid valve (EMC), the switch-on button of which is located to the right of the gas valve switch-on knob.

2. The gas shut-off valve of the water-gas burner unit carries out the sequence of turning on the ignition burner, supplying gas to the main burner and regulating the amount of gas supplied to the main burner to obtain the desired temperature of heated water.

The gas valve has a handle that turns from left to right with fixation in three positions: The extreme left fixed position corresponds to the closing 18 of the gas supply to the pilot and main burners.

The middle fixed position corresponds to the full opening of the valve for the gas supply to the pilot burner and the closed position of the valve to the main burner.

The extreme right fixed position, achieved by pressing the handle in the main direction until it stops, followed by turning it all the way to the right, corresponds to the full opening of the valve for gas supply to the main and ignition burners.

3. Regulation of combustion of the main burner is carried out by turning the knob within the limits of position 2-3. In addition to the manual blocking of the valve, there are two automatic blocking devices. Blocking the flow of gas to the main burner during the mandatory operation of the ignition burner is provided by a solenoid valve powered by a thermocouple.

Blocking the gas supply to the burner, depending on the presence of a water flow through the device, is performed by the water regulator.

When you press the solenoid valve (EMC) button and the open position of the gas shut-off valve to the ignition burner, gas flows through the solenoid valve to the shut-off valve and then through the tee through the gas pipeline to the ignition burner.

With normal draft in the chimney (vacuum not less than 1.96 Pa), a thermocouple heated by the flame of the pilot burner transmits an impulse to the valve electromagnet, which in turn automatically keeps the valve open and provides gas access to the blocking valve.

In the event of a violation of traction or its absence, the solenoid valve stops the gas supply to the device.

Rules for installing a flow-through gas water heater A flow-through water heater is installed in a one-story room in compliance with technical conditions... The height of the room must be at least 2 m. The volume of the room must be at least 7.5 m3 (if in a separate room). If the water heater is installed in a room together with a 19 gas stove, then the volume of the room for installing the water heater to the room with a gas stove is unnecessary. Should there be a chimney, ventilation duct, clearance in the room where the instantaneous water heater is installed? 0.2 m 2 from the area of ​​the door, windows with an opening device, the distance from the wall should be 2 cm for the air gap, the water heater should be hung on the wall made of non-combustible material. If there are no fireproof walls in the room, it is allowed to install the water heater on a non-combustible wall at a distance of at least 3 cm from the wall. In this case, the surface of the wall must be insulated with roofing steel over an asbestos sheet with a thickness of 3 mm. The upholstery should protrude 10 cm beyond the heater body. When installing the heater on a wall tiled with glazed tiles, additional insulation is not required. The horizontal distance in the light between the protruding parts of the water heater must be at least 10 cm. The temperature of the room in which the device is installed must be at least 5 0 C. The room must have natural light.

It is forbidden to install a gas instantaneous water heater in residential buildings above five floors, in the basement and bathroom.

As a complex household appliance, the column has a set of automatic mechanisms to ensure safe operation. Unfortunately, many of the older models installed in apartments today do not contain a complete set of safety automatics. And for a significant part, these mechanisms were out of order long ago and were turned off.

The use of speakers without safety automation, or with the automation disabled, is fraught with a serious threat to the safety of your health and property! Security systems include. Reverse thrust control... If the chimney is blocked or clogged and the combustion products flow back into the room, the gas supply should automatically stop. Otherwise, the room will be filled with carbon monoxide.

1) Thermoelectric fuse (thermocouple)... If during the operation of the column there was a short-term interruption of the gas supply (i.e. the burner went out), and then the supply was resumed (gas went out when the burner was extinguished), then its further supply should automatically stop. Otherwise, the room will be filled with gas.

The principle of operation of the interlocking system "water-gas"

The interlock system ensures that gas is supplied to the main burner only when hot water is disassembled. Consists of a water unit and a gas unit.

The water unit consists of a body, a cover, a membrane, a plate with a stem and a Venturi fitting. The membrane divides the inner cavity of the water unit into a sub-membrane and a supra-membrane, which are connected by a bypass channel.

When the water intake valve is closed, the pressure in both cavities is the same and the membrane is in the lower position. When the water intake is opened, the water flowing through the Venturi fitting injects water from the supra-membrane cavity through the bypass channel and the water pressure in it drops. The diaphragm and the plate with the stem rise, the stem of the water unit pushes the stem of the gas, which opens gas valve and the gas flows to the burner. When the water intake is stopped, the water pressure in both cavities of the water unit levels out and, under the influence of the cone spring, the gas valve is lowered and stops gas access to the main burner.

The principle of operation of the automation to control the presence of a flame on the igniter.

Provided by the work of the EMC and thermocouple. When the igniter flame weakens or goes out, the thermocouple junction does not heat up, the EMF is not emitted, the electromagnet core is demagnetized and the valve closes by the force of the spring, shutting off the gas supply to the apparatus.

The principle of operation of safety automation for traction.

§ Automatic shutdown of the device in the absence of draft in the chimney is provided by: 21 Draft sensor (DT) EMK with thermocouple Igniter.

DT consists of a bracket with a bimetallic plate fixed on it at one end. At the free end of the plate, there is a valve that closes the hole in the sensor connection. The DT connection is fixed in the bracket with two locknuts, with the help of which it is possible to adjust the height of the plane of the outlet of the connection relative to the bracket, thereby adjusting the tightness of the valve closure.

In the absence of draft in the chimney, the flue gases go out under the hood and heat the bimetallic plate DT, which, bending, lifts the valve, opening a hole in the fitting. The main part of the gas that should go to the igniter comes out through the hole in the sensor fitting. The flame on the pilot is reduced or extinguished, the heating of the thermocouple stops. The EMF in the electromagnet winding disappears and the valve shuts off the gas supply to the apparatus. The automatic response time should not exceed 60 seconds.

Safety automation scheme VPG-23 Safety automation scheme for instantaneous water heaters with automatic shutdown of the gas supply to the main burner in the absence of draft. This automation works on the basis of the EMK-11-15 electromagnetic valve. The draft sensor is a bimetallic plate with a valve, which is installed in the area of ​​the traction interrupter of the water heater. In the absence of draft, hot combustion products wash over the plate, and it opens the sensor nozzle. In this case, the flame of the pilot burner is reduced, since the gas rushes to the sensor nozzle. The thermocouple of the EMK-11-15 valve cools down and it blocks the gas access to the burner. The solenoid valve is installed on the gas inlet, in front of the gas cock. The power supply for the EMC is provided by a chromel-copell thermocouple introduced into the flame zone of the pilot burner. When the thermocouple is heated, the excited TEMF (up to 25 mV) is fed to the winding of the electromagnet core, which holds the valve connected to the armature in the open position. The valve is opened manually using a button located on the front wall of the apparatus. When the flame is extinguished, a spring-loaded valve, unsupported by an electromagnet 22, cuts off gas access to the burners. Unlike other solenoid valves, in the EMC-11-15 valve, due to the sequential actuation of the lower and upper valves, it is impossible to forcibly turn off the safety automation from work by fixing the lever in the pressed state, as consumers sometimes do. Until the bottom valve blocks the gas passage to the main burner, gas cannot enter the pilot burner.

For the blocking draft, the same EMC and the effect of extinguishing the ignition burner are used. The bimetallic sensor located under the upper hood of the apparatus, when heated (in the zone of the return flow of hot gases that occurs when the traction stops), opens the gas discharge valve from the pilot burner pipeline. The burner goes out, the thermocouple is cooled and the solenoid valve (EMC) shuts off gas access to the apparatus.

Maintenance of the device 1. Supervision of the operation of the device is the responsibility of the owner, who is obliged to keep it clean and in good condition.

2. To ensure the normal operation of the flow-through gas water heater, it is necessary to carry out a preventive inspection at least once a year.

3. Periodic maintenance of the flow-through gas water heater is carried out by employees of the gas service in accordance with the requirements of the rules of operation in the gas sector at least once a year.

The main malfunctions of the water heater

Break in the electrical circuit

There are a lot of reasons for circuit breakdowns, they, as a rule, are the result of a rupture (breakdown of contacts and joints) or, conversely, a short circuit before the electric current generated by the thermocouple enters the electromagnet coil and thereby ensures a stable attraction of the armature to the core. Circuit breaks are usually observed at the junction of the thermocouple terminal and a special screw, at the point where the core winding is attached to the figured or connecting nuts. Circuit closures are possible in the thermocouple itself due to careless handling (fractures, bends, shocks, etc.) during maintenance or due to failure as a result of excessive service life. This can often be observed in those apartments where the ignition burner of the water heater burns all day, and often even for a day, in order to avoid the need to ignite it before turning on the water heater in work, of which the hostess may have more than a dozen during the day. Circuit closures are also possible in the electromagnet itself, especially when the special screw is displaced or broken, made of washers, tubes and similar insulating materials. In order to speed up repair work, it will be natural for everyone involved in their implementation to have a constantly spare thermocouple and an electromagnet with them.

The locksmith in search of the cause of valve failure must first get a clear answer to the question. Who is to blame for the valve failure - a thermocouple or a magnet? The thermocouple is replaced first as the simplest (and most common) option. Then, with a negative result, the electromagnet is subjected to the same operation. If this does not help, then the thermocouple and electromagnet are removed from the water heater and checked separately, for example, the thermocouple junction is heated by the flame of the upper burner gas stove in the kitchen and so on. Thus, the locksmith, using the elimination method, establishes the defective unit, and then proceeds directly to the repair or simply replacing it with a new one. Only an experienced, qualified locksmith can determine the reason for the failure of the solenoid valve in operation, without resorting to a step-by-step study by replacing the allegedly faulty units with known serviceable ones.

Used Books

1) Handbook on gas supply and gas utilization (N.L. Staskevich, G.N.Severinets, D.Ya. Vigdorchik).

2) Handbook of a young gas worker (K.G. Kyazimov).

3) Abstract on special technology.

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The names of the columns produced in Russia often contain the letters VPG: this is a water-heating device (V) flow-through (P) gas (G). The number after the letters HSG indicates the heat output of the apparatus in kilowatts (kW). For example, VPG-23 is a flow-through gas water-heating apparatus with a thermal power of 23 kW. Thus, the name of modern speakers does not define their design.

The VPG-23 water heater was created on the basis of the VPG-18 water heater manufactured in Leningrad. Later, VPG-23 was produced in the 90s at a number of enterprises in the USSR, and then - SIG. A number of such devices are in operation. Individual units, for example, the water part, are used in some models of modern Neva columns.

Main technical characteristics of VPG-23:

• thermal power - 23 kW;
• productivity when heated at 45 ° С - 6 l / min;
• minimum water pressure - 0.5 bar:
• maximum water pressure - 6 bar.

VPG-23 consists of a gas outlet, a heat exchanger, a main burner, a valve block and an electromagnetic valve (Fig. 74).

The gas outlet serves to supply combustion products to the flue gas outlet of the column. The heat exchanger consists of an air heater and a fire chamber, surrounded by a cold water coil. The height of the VPG-23 fire chamber is less than that of the KGI-56, because the VPG burner provides better mixing of gas with air, and the gas burns with a shorter flame. A significant number of HPG columns have a heat exchanger consisting of one air heater. In this case, the walls of the fire chamber were made of steel sheet, the coil was absent, which made it possible to save copper. The main burner is multi-nozzle, it consists of 13 sections and a manifold, connected by two screws. The sections are assembled into a single whole with tie bolts. The manifold has 13 nozzles, each of which blows gas into its own section.

The block valve consists of gas and water parts, connected by three screws (Fig. 75). The gas part of the block valve consists of a body, a valve, a valve plug, a gas valve cover. A tapered liner for the gas valve plug is pressed into the body. The valve has a rubber seal on the outer diameter. A cone spring presses on it from above. The seat of the safety valve is made in the form of a brass insert pressed into the body of the gas part. The gas valve has a handle with a limiter that fixes the opening of the gas supply to the igniter. The valve plug is pressed against the tapered liner by a large spring.

There is a groove on the valve plug for gas supply to the igniter. When the valve is turned from the extreme left position by an angle of 40 °, the groove coincides with the gas supply hole, and gas begins to flow to the igniter. In order to supply gas to the main burner, the tap handle must be pressed and turned further.

The water part consists of the lower and upper covers, a Venturi nozzle, a diaphragm, a plate with a stem, an ignition retarder, a stem oil seal and a stem clamping sleeve. Water is supplied to the water part on the left, enters the under-membrane space, creating a pressure in it equal to the water pressure in the water supply system. After creating pressure under the membrane, the water flows through the venturi nozzle and rushes to the heat exchanger. The venturi nozzle is a brass tube, in the narrowest part of which there are four through holes that go into the outer circular groove. The groove matches the through holes in both water end covers. Through these holes, the pressure from the narrowest part of the venturi nozzle will be transferred to the supra-membrane space. The poppet stem is sealed with a nut that compresses the PTFE packing.

Automation works on the water flow as follows. When water passes through the Venturi nozzle in the narrowest part, the highest speed of movement of water and, therefore, the lowest pressure. This pressure is transmitted through the through holes to the supra-membrane cavity of the water part. As a result, a differential pressure appears below and above the membrane, which bends upward and pushes the plate with the stem. The stem of the water part, abutting against the stem of the gas part, lifts the valve from the seat. This opens the gas passage to the main burner. When the water flow is stopped, the pressure under and above the membrane is equalized. The cone spring presses on the valve and presses it against the seat, the gas supply to the main burner is stopped.

The solenoid valve (Fig. 76) is used to shut off the gas supply when the igniter goes out.

When you press the solenoid valve button, its stem rests on the valve and moves it away from the seat, while compressing the spring. At the same time, the armature is pressed against the core of the electromagnet. At the same time, gas begins to flow into the gas part of the block valve. After igniting the igniter, the flame begins to heat the thermocouple, the end of which is set in a strictly defined position in relation to the igniter (Fig. 77).

The voltage generated during the heating of the thermocouple is applied to the winding of the electromagnet core. In this case, the core holds the armature, and with it the valve, in the open position. The time it takes for the thermocouple to generate the required thermo-EMF and the solenoid valve starts to hold the armature is about 60 seconds. When the igniter goes out, the thermocouple cools down and stops generating voltage. The core no longer holds the armature; the spring closes the valve. The gas supply to both the igniter and the main burner is cut off.

The draft automatics turns off the gas supply to the main burner and the igniter if the draft in the chimney is disturbed; it works according to the principle of “gas removal from the igniter”. Traction automation consists of a tee that is attached to the gas part of the block valve, a tube to the traction sensor and the sensor itself.

Gas from the tee is supplied to both the igniter and the draft sensor installed under the gas outlet. The thrust sensor (Fig. 78) consists of a bimetallic plate and a union, secured with two nuts. The upper nut is at the same time a seat for the plug, which closes the gas outlet from the fitting. A pipe supplying gas from the tee is attached to the fitting with a union nut.

With normal draft, the combustion products go into the chimney without heating the bimetallic plate. The plug is tightly pressed against the seat, gas does not come out of the sensor. If the draft in the chimney is disturbed, the combustion products heat up the bimetallic plate. It bends upwards and opens the gas outlet from the choke. The gas supply to the igniter decreases sharply, the flame stops heating the thermocouple normally. It cools down and stops generating tension. As a result, the solenoid valve closes.

Repair and service

The main malfunctions of the VPG-23 column include:

1. The main burner does not light up:

• little water pressure;
• deformation or rupture of the membrane - replace the membrane;
• clogged venturi nozzle - clean the nozzle;
• the stock came off the plate - replace the stock with a plate;
• misalignment of the gas part in relation to the water part - align with three screws;
• the stem does not move well in the stuffing box - lubricate the stem and check the nut tightness. If the nut is loosened more than necessary, water may leak from under the stuffing box.

2. When the water intake is stopped, the main burner does not go out:

• dirt has got under the safety valve - clean the seat and valve;
• the cone spring is weakened - replace the spring;
• the stem does not move well in the stuffing box - lubricate the stem and check the nut tightness. If the pilot flame is present, the solenoid valve is not held open:

3. Violation of the electrical circuit between the thermocouple and the electromagnet (open circuit or short circuit). Possible reasons are as follows:

• lack of contact between the terminals of the thermocouple and the electromagnet - clean the terminals with sandpaper;
• violation of the insulation of the copper wire of the thermocouple and its short circuit with the tube - in this case, the thermocouple is replaced;
• violation of the insulation of the turns of the coil of the electromagnet, their closure to each other or to the core - in this case, the valve is replaced;
• disruption of the magnetic circuit between the armature and the core of the electromagnet coil due to oxidation, dirt, grease, etc. It is necessary to clean the surfaces with a piece of coarse cloth. It is not allowed to clean the surfaces with files, sandpaper, etc.

4. Insufficient heating of the thermocouple:

• the working end of the thermocouple is smoked - remove soot from the hot junction of the thermocouple;
• the igniter nozzle is clogged - clean the nozzle;
• the thermocouple is incorrectly positioned relative to the igniter - position the thermocouple relative to the igniter so as to ensure sufficient heating.

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2017-03-08 Evgeny Fomenko

The geyser Neva Transit VPG 10E has a passport in the kit, which contains the main characteristics of the equipment and the rules of use.

The column model is designed for residential premises, equipped with a forced type of smoke exhaust (a pipe is included in the kit). It can operate from LPG cylinders with a pressure of 2940 Pa and natural gas with a pressure of 1274 Pa.

Rated heat load 20 kW, productivity 10 liters per minute (when the liquid is heated by 25 degrees). Rated power 20 W, ignition type electric impulse. Temperature range from 30 to 60 degrees. Open type combustion chambers.

The electric ignition is powered by two 1.5 volt R20 batteries and is started under fluid pressure. It is recommended to use high-quality alkaloid batteries, which will last much longer than their salt counterparts.

The column is equipped with auto-ignition, indicators of heating and switching on, a thermometer. Installation is vertical, mounted on the wall, lower communications piping. Dimensions 340 * 615 * 175 cm, weight 9.5 kg.

It has the ability to adjust the internal pressure, ignites at a low rate from 0.02 to 1 MPa. The water heater is equipped with an inlet water pressure stabilizer, which protects the unit components from impacts and increased loads. The device is designed for one or two watershed points.

Consists of the following main parts:

The column is equipped with the following protection elements:

It is important to observe the following safety precautions:

• Before using you need to make sure that there is no gas leak at the junction of the hose with the column and the gas pipeline. To do this, a soapy solution is applied there and a valve is opened. The leak will show itself as bubbles created by the movement of the gas.
• It is forbidden to install the device in the bathroom... An exception may be a room that meets the minimum requirements, namely: a volume of at least 15 cubic meters, a height of more than 2.2 m and the presence of a window in the upper part.
• If the temperature in the room drops below zero degrees, it is necessary to drain the water from the water heater through the drain cock so that the components of the apparatus are not damaged during the formation of ice.
• If you have not been using the speaker for a while, turn off the gas cock.

Geyser Neva Transit VPG 10E

This model of the Neva Transit VPG 10E water heater is universal and suitable both for apartments and private houses with a centralized gas supply, and for summer cottages with liquefied gas cylinders.