Building or renovating a house is a rather exhausting process in every sense, but at the same time instructive and exciting. When the construction is already coming to an end, one of the last stages is laying facade tiles... This finishing touch not only aesthetically transforms the appearance of the building, but also provides insulation for facades, while extending their service life.
Nowadays, the decoration of facades with tiles is a fairly popular activity, due to which it is not easy for beginners in this matter to make a choice or carry out the process itself. We will figure out what laying is, what tiles are, and also consider the features of the work and give some recommendations and tips, reinforcing the material covered with instructive videos.
Facade tiles are construction material, thanks to which the building acquires an attractive and individual appearance, but at the same time it is an irreplaceable means of isolating the house from external destructive atmospheric phenomena and a heat insulator.
In general terms, facade tiles are made of natural and artificial stone. If in the first case, the entire installation will require considerable costs, but this will be compensated for by the resulting beauty and practicality, then in the second case it is a good analogue of natural material at a more attractive price.
Price of this material depends on the following factors:
In order to save money, many people resort to making such tiles with their own hands. The desired results can be achieved if you are familiar with the manufacturing process itself, which is presented in video 1. The video will help you not only learn how to make yourself, but also understand the steps of the procedure.
Consider the classification of facade tiles, noting the advantages and disadvantages of each type.
The production of this facade tile is carried out by mixing several types of clay, dyes, sand, feldspar and various mineral additives, after which the product is fired at temperatures up to 1300 ° C. Variety: plain, interspersed and imitated natural stone... Pros: water resistance, frost resistance, wear resistance, and it is also an environmentally friendly material of different sizes. Cons: the styling is complicated due to the large weight of the material.
Manufactured from Portland cement, sand, lightweight filler and additives that give it strength and frost resistance. Due to vibrocompression, a facade tile is obtained, which is subsequently handed over to drying in ovens and covered with sealants. Pros: a variety of surface textures, a wide palette of colors, low weight, low cost and easy installation. Cons: lower level of frost resistance, compared to other types, large size, difficulty of care.
It is made from kaolin clay at a temperature of 1000 ° C and has a porous structure. Subspecies: smooth, coarse-grained and polished; black, dark brown and light brown. Pros: no dyes, imitation natural stone, easy installation due to light weight, temperature-resistant, does not fade in the sun, provides climate control to the premises, does not require maintenance. Cons: mechanical resistance is lower compared to other types.
It is made from shale clays at a temperature of 1300 ° C. The variety of materials is ensured by the addition of dyes during the production process. Outwardly similar to a brick. Pros: the composition does not contain calcium carbonate and salts, a low level of water absorption, a long service life, frost resistance, a variety of colors and textures, does not fade in the sun, is resistant to mold and mildew, and does not require special care. Cons: high price.
Before you start laying facade tiles, you are advised to familiarize yourself with a number of advantages and disadvantages of this process.
Advantages that the styling gives to the building:
Disadvantages:
The process of cladding a building is not an easy task that requires certain skills and knowledge. The technology for laying facade tiles can be simplified by taking into account some of the nuances, which allows you to achieve the desired result.
Experts recommend that the tiles should be laid in the warm season, while the temperature should not, if possible, go beyond 5-25 ° C. When the specified temperature limit is increased, it is necessary that the warm tile on the back side is slightly moistened. When working in bad weather, color change may occur.
Before laying the building material, the walls must be prepared, in particular leveled, which implies plastering. For this procedure, professionals advise using a reinforcing mesh.
In order to achieve the planned results, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the following video 2. This material will briefly and clearly outline the essence of the cladding work on the example of a separate section. The video colorfully describes the whole procedure.
Do-it-yourself exterior wall decoration of the house can be carried out using different styling techniques. If specialists carry out the work, the price of the work will be quite high, therefore, if you try, you can create an individual facade yourself, taking into account your requirements. A little desire and hard work - and the result will surely please you. Also, the video will show us how houses can be transformed due to tiles.
Tile is a versatile material that can be used for facing work, bringing beauty to the home and ensuring a long service life.
Often, when it comes to tiles, the product is used to ordering from manufacturing firms or buying in hardware stores.
However, there is a way to make a tile yourself, while it is possible to create your own type of tile.
To do this, you just need to make a mold and a high-quality solution.
It is better to consider this issue in detail in order to make high quality tiles.
Basically, facade tiles are used in the event that it is not possible to carry out facing work using bricks. The load-bearing function is unusual for the tile and, when the wall is being erected, such material does not participate in the installation. The cladding is carried out after the wall has been erected..
The thickness of mainly facade tiles is 14mm. Given this thickness parameter, the method of wall cladding using this material can be called gluing. For reliable fastening to the wall surface, a special adhesive is applied to the tiles. Using tiles, you can clad not only the outer part of the building, but also the inner one.
From the variety of tiles, the following can be distinguished:
Less popular types are also distinguished, such as:
Before embarking on the process of creating tiles for facade cladding, it is best to have an idea of what the technological process is.
The temperature regime at which it is necessary to carry out all manufacturing work should be in the range from plus 15 to plus 30 degrees Celsius. This temperature regime must be observed in order to ensure the highest quality solution hardening process. In addition, work requires the use of protective clothing and devices, it is imperative to wear protective glasses and gloves.
The room in which the work is carried out must be constantly ventilated. The first thing that the tile making process requires is making the molds. They are installed on a vibrating table or on any flat hard surface.
They are lubricated with a small amount of vegetable oil or liquid soap. This allows you to easily separate the finished product from the mold in the future.... A solution made according to a special recipe is poured into molds and left for the required period of time until the moment of complete hardening.
One of the main points in the process of creating tiles or artificial stone for facade cladding is the form. Such a device is made of ABS plastic.
This material is the most widespread among others, but silicone, polyvinyl chloride or polyurethane can be used for such purposes. These materials are capable of providing a high-quality result that will have the desired degree of haze or will be glossy on the surface.
As for the forms made of PVC or plastic, they are convenient to use, because they do not need lubrication and steaming, since the mixture that is poured from concrete into them is not able to stick.
A good option with regards to the material from which forms can be made is polyurethane. It is characterized by good strength and durability.... If the form is made of polyurethane, then it can be used for a fairly long time, making 1000 and more tiles... In addition, this shape gives the tiles a glossy ideal surface:
There are a wide variety of types of shapes that are used to create façade tiles.
The main ones are:
By independently creating a tile, you can make a shape that is not similar to any of the listed ones. Thus, the facing facade of the building will be unique and inimitable of its kind.
The entire process that is required to complete in order to create a facade tile with your own hands can be divided into several stages.
Such as:
Initially, you need to decide on the appearance of the tiles that you want to make. In addition, you need to determine all the parameters of its dimensions. ... It is very important to correctly make its front surface.... For simplicity, you can use ready-made products from natural stone, which must be imitated.
In order to make the mold, you need to use a two-component polyurethane potting compound. Such solutions have the required level performance characteristics that remain with the finished product.
The whole process can be represented as follows:
The solutions that are used to make tiles with your own hands are very diverse.
In this case, an example of the most popular solution is given, which is based on cement.:
NOTE!
The consistency of the mortar after mixing should be similar to the mortar intended for sculpting. The mass cannot be liquid.
The process of unfolding the prepared solutions into forms must be carried out on a vibrating table, which must be turned on during the process. It is necessary to fill the forms with the composition in portions, for this you can use a trowel or a wide spatula.
The composition in the process of laying out must be subjected to vibration... This removes air from the mass.
After the mass has been spread over all forms, it is necessary to additionally level the surface using a wide spatula. It is also necessary to remove the composition that fell on the sides of the molds.
The last thing to do at this stage is to remove the filled containers with the composition in a drying cabinet or put them on a rack.
The duration of the period that is required for the tile to harden is two days. During this time, the molds with the solution must not be touched..
After the specified period, you can start removing the finished tile from the mold. To do this, they are first immersed in water, the temperature of which is 40-60 degrees Celsius and left for 2-3 minutes. After the tile is taken out of the water, the mold should separate well.
To facilitate the process, you can use a rubber mallet and tap it lightly on the surface of the mold..
Making facade tiles with your own hands is quite a fascinating process. In addition to the fact that it is possible to make the tile you like the most, which will imitate an artificial stone or brick, you can significantly save money on repairs.
You can start the process of decorating the walls using handmade tiles after 7-10 days. The quality of the do-it-yourself tile material is not much different from that offered on the construction market.
Every owner of suburban real estate wants his house to be not only strong, warm and comfortable, but also to look attractive from the outside. For finishing external walls there are many beautiful and durable materials... These are vinyl, plastic, metal, polymer and insulation facade panels, fiber cement and porcelain stoneware slabs of various sizes, colors and textures. They can be attached to the walls using self-tapping screws or mounted on special glue. Facade panels, the price of which, although not high, requires certain skills and the involvement of specialists for their installation. The best solution for decorating the walls of the house will be facade tiles. Its installation on the wall does not require the involvement of specialists and specific construction equipment.
To date, construction stores are on sale different kinds facade tiles, which differ in a wide variety colors and surprise design solutions... In these stores you can buy, among other things, plastic molds for them. The Forteza panel is distinguished by the most interesting execution and design. These products are made in the form of blocks. In spite of reasonable prices, in order to cover the entire house with facade tiles, a considerable amount is required, which not everyone has.
Modern technologies can significantly reduce the cost of facing a private house.
It is quite possible to make tiles with your own hands at home, and for this you do not need special equipment for production.
To make tiles with your own hands, you do not need industrial-sized premises. This work can be organized in a barn, garage or even outdoors under a canopy. Tiles can be made from various materials... So, the following types of material can be the basis for manufacturing:
At home, it is preferable to make facade tiles using vibration casting technology. Clinker tiles, despite their obvious quality and strength, require firing. This requires special equipment that is incompatible with economy.
The solution, which is poured into molds, can contain various fillers, which give the finished products a certain look and properties.
Materials such as:
Considering that no load will act on the tile, the main task in its production will be to get rid of air bubbles, which can cause cracking and destruction in extreme cold.
Based on this, you will need the following tools and equipment for the production of facade tiles with your own hands:
If the owner of the house does not have a big rush, then there is no need to purchase a concrete mixer to make the solution, but to prepare the solution in small portions of 10-12 liters in buckets using a perforator with a nozzle. The vibrating table is a fairly convenient equipment for the production of facade tiles. But given its cost, you can either make its analog yourself, or manually vibrate.
Work on the manufacture of facade tiles should be carried out at temperatures from + 15 ° C to + 30 ° C. This temperature range contributes to the highest quality solidification of the solution. In order to comply with safety measures, it is necessary to use protective goggles and gloves. The production area must be well ventilated. First of all, the forms are prepared. They are mounted on a vibrating table or surface regular table... The inner surface is lubricated vegetable oil or liquid soap. This will make it easier to separate the tile from the mold. After that, a solution is prepared for pouring into molds.
Solution recipes may vary. In the case of preparing tiles from cement, the technology is as follows: 1 part of sand and 0.5 parts of water are poured into a concrete mixer (bucket) and mixed for 1 minute. Then 2 parts of cement and 1 part of water are added. After stirring for 2-3 minutes, 4 parts of sand and 0.5 parts of water are added. The solution is mixed. It should not be liquid, but resemble a sculpting solution. When the solution has reached the desired consistency, dye is added. After 1-2 minutes of stirring, the solution is ready.
The next step is to lay out the solution into separate forms. This is done with the vibrating table running. The mortar is gradually added with a trowel and spread between the individual molds with a wide spatula. All this time, the form is subjected to vibration. You can easily see the air bubbles coming out to the surface. When all the individual forms are filled in, they are smoothed out with a wide spatula. Along the way, the solution is removed along the sides of the mold. Then the mold is placed on a pallet in a drying cabinet or on a rack. It is possible to provide holes for self-tapping screws in the forms.
The hardening period lasts 2 days. All this time, the forms do not disturb. Then the mold is lowered for 2-3 minutes into a bath of warm water with a temperature of + 40 ° C to + 60 ° C. After removing the mold from the water, the tiles are removed from it. This is done by hand or by tapping with a rubber mallet. The tile is ready. It will be suitable for fixing on the wall in 7-10 days.
On the wall is not a big deal. Vertical and horizontal frame elements are attached to the wall on self-tapping screws. The tiles on the frame are fixed with clamps and self-tapping screws. Mineral slabs can be placed between the frame elements. basalt wool... This will significantly insulate the house. After that, sequentially screwing the clamps to the frame with self-tapping screws, the house cladding is mounted from the facade tiles of our own production.
In case of breakage of one or more tiles, such a facade will be easy to repair. To do this, you should have several dozen facade tiles in stock. You need to store them indoors or under a canopy.
Concrete is versatile and practical material which is used for interior decoration and finishing of street surfaces. It is made from sand, cement, if necessary, pigment and water, by vibration casting or vibrocompression of various shapes. The area of application of this product is very wide, but it is not always possible to afford it in terms of the price aspect, in this case you can make a tile with your own hands. To get high-quality material, you need special forms, you can buy them, or you can make them yourself. We read and learn to do it ourselves.
As a rule, for the manufacture of moldings, polyurethane is used, also popular Silicone forms, but they are not very durable, and the plastic does not quite look like natural stone. And yet, these materials help to make the most suitable in terms of quality and appearance product. Exists different ways production of facade tiles, for home use only one is suitable - vibration casting.
The most popular forms are:
A huge range of products enables individual design solutions. The first stage of work is the manufacture of the actual molds for the further product, after we dilute the solution, proceed directly to pouring into the molds and the last final moment is the extraction of the product.
It is worth knowing that the laying of finished facade tiles or stone requires certain measurements and calculations, in addition, the forms themselves need to be processed.
When concrete tiles will be ready, it can be immediately applied in the decoration of facades, or packed for storage. In addition, it is worth paying attention to some important points. Firstly, one should not forget that one correctly chosen form is not enough; it is worth strictly observing the technology of its manufacture. Such work should be performed with a certain temperature conditions, fluctuating in the region of 15-30 ᵒС, this is necessary to exclude excess oxygen in the solution and high-quality solidification. Secondly, this is the observance of safety measures, such work must be carried out in strict observance of safety standards, eyes must be protected, gloves must be worn. It is important to have good ventilation in the room.
Facing tile, or artificial stone, is essentially an element of decorative facing stone (terracotta tiles). If we talk in simple words about production at home, then a liquid solution is poured into the forms, already painted in a color palette.
Tiles are removed from the mold, the material is ready, but only after it has completely solidified.
In the process of improvement, the following types of finishes can be distinguished: interior - based on gypsum, external - based on cement. The main thing is not to forget that most of success is the selection of quality components, as well as reducing the use of water, this will give a harder product.
The entire production can be divided into 3 stages:
The manufacture of facing tiles should be done in the warm season, for example, in summer, but the product should be dried away from the sun's rays, closed from the effects of rain and wind. The presence of a certain set of inventory will only be handy, you can add a concrete mixer, a vibration table, a mixer for mixing and a drying cabinet to the main one. There is nothing complicated in manufacturing according to a simplified algorithm, observing certain rules and paying attention to the quality of the products used, a decent facing tile is made with our own hands.
At one time in Western Europe, there was a search for a material that is not inferior in its properties to stone, thus, when firing and pressing clay with brick, this product was obtained. The meaning of the word tile is rooted in the German language, and literally translates as "brick". Factory clinker tiles have a strong composition due to heat treatment and are just a kind of ceramics, having their own advantages over it.
It is very easy to make independently, its technology is simple, and, how a budget option, fits well.
Initially, you need to prepare a model of the product itself from plasticine, covered with a sealant and wait for it to dry. After a solution of their gypsum, sand and cement is prepared, color is added, the ingredients are mixed and poured into molds. It takes 15 minutes for the product to be ready, and in order for it not to crumble or smear, it should be treated with a primer. It should be borne in mind that the product made with your own hand will differ in characteristics from the factory counterpart. The versatility of the material is surprising, its choice is limited only by the preferences and capabilities of homeowners.
There are several types:
Houses made of natural stone look very catchy and beautiful, this material has all the advantages, it is durability, and strength, and presentable appearance. But, there is one big drawback - the cost.
Nowadays, they have learned to produce a material similar to real stone, and very successfully. Now the technology for the production of concrete facade tiles is not inferior in its characteristics, on the contrary, it even attracts with its price.
With the introduction of certain components into the composition of concrete, the finished material is provided with the necessary properties:
To improve these indicators, in modern industry, all kinds of additives and additives are used. In essence, concrete tiles look like a brick or stone, laid in several rows with an offset, like a kind of mosaic, with a ragged edge.
It is also worth paying attention to the fact that not all walls are suitable for using decor, everything is decided by the choice of material and other points.
For such walls, facade tiles with metal fixings are required. One should not forget about the existence of few fastening methods. exterior decoration, facade tiles are mounted either on a frame basis with clamps, or glued, or screwed directly to the wall.
Laying under a brick does not differ significantly from laying conventional ceramics. Regardless of the application surface, it must be free from dirt and properly primed. It is also necessary to take a responsible approach to the choice of glue, because it must absorb moisture well and be frost-resistant. It is worth paying attention to the processing of the seams between the tiles, they must be properly rubbed.
If we delimit all the work in stages, then it looks like this:
The properties of clinker are very tempting, the tile is resistant to cold, is durable, unpretentious in maintenance, has a low level of water absorption, is resistant to mechanical stress. it large row pluses. Homemade tiles are in no way inferior in their quality to the factory alternative. In addition, such a house will look very solid and attractive, and its facade will not lose its appearance over time.
Summing up, it can be noted that, in principle, almost any material can be made with your own hands and no worse than it is done in factory production. The main thing is to observe safety rules, not to violate the technology and to approach responsibly in the choice of materials, and then you can get a result that will delight you for many years with reliability, decorate with your personality and will not burden your wallet.
Facade plaster Knauf or any other well-known manufacturer can help make the walls of your house perfectly flat and smooth. However, if you want to make the facade of your house unique, original and unusual, or just save on cladding, the easiest way to do this is to make the tiles yourself. Do-it-yourself facade tile is easy to make and you don't need any specific tools or knowledge.
In order for the facade tile to be of high quality with your own hands, it is important not to save on components. The freshness and quality of the material used, its brand and the reliability of the manufacturer are the key to success in preparing good tiles.
Another very important point is the use of water. It is highly recommended to reduce the amount of water added to the solution as much as possible. This is how you can increase the strength of your tile. You can reduce the amount of water by adding plasticizers. Or, initially, use the highest quality cement.
Additionally, wet tiles can be allowed to soak with special acrylic impregnation. deep penetration... It will also help increase the strength and water repellency of the tile.
To make tiles at home you will need:
This kind of tile is, in fact, an artificial stone. Therefore, the cladding of the facade of the house with artificial stone can also be of its own production. For exterior cladding In buildings, the stone is made of cement, and for the interior they use a stone made on a gypsum base.
Before you start cladding a building, you need to prepare its surface. This process is no different from preparing for the application of any other facing material.
If your facade is cinder block, concrete or brick, you will only need to level it. Remove irregularities or pits, the solution protruding on the surface.
If the cladding is carried out on a wooden surface, the preparation will be slightly different. The facade will need to be covered with glassine, roofing felt or waterproofing material. A plaster reinforcing mesh is then attached to the waterproofing layer, and then cement-capped plaster or any other plaster composition is applied. And only after it is completely dry, you can proceed to finishing the facade.
The actual application of the stone to the surface of the facade is carried out in a "wet" way, that is, with the help of cement glue. In order for it to grip well, it is very important that the outside temperature at this time is above zero (ideally +6 to + 26 ° C).
Thus, your cladding of the facade of the house with artificial stone will be unique, you will definitely be sure of its composition and will significantly save on building materials.
