Grow black pepper at home
It turns out that black pepper can be grown at home, and it is just elementary to get the seeds, it is enough to buy black pepper in the form of peas in any grocery store, choose the largest peas, soak the peppercorns in water for a day and plant in a pot, preferably plant at the beginning of summer, after about month the first sprouts of sprouted peas will appear, ( temperature regime 25-30 degrees Celsius) and do not believe those who say that black pepper-peas are heat-treated, peppercorns are dried in the sun under natural conditions.
After the second leaf, you need to fertilize the pepper - this will be a solution of bird droppings, settled for a couple of days. After these steps, the peppers can be carefully transplanted into large pots. Keep the plant on a windowsill in winter and outdoors in a warm, sunny place in summer.
Do not be alarmed if you notice on back side leaf formations that look like eggs of white color, which then turn black, is a normal phenomenon.
by the way white pepper This is the same black pepper, only mechanically peeled from the pericarp, usually to obtain white pepper, freshly picked ripe fruits of pepper are soaked in water (sometimes hot to speed up the process) for about one week. As a result of soaking, the shell of the fruit decomposes and softens, after which the shell of the fruit is separated and the remaining seeds are dried. You can hardly grow anything from white peppercorns.
Green pepper, is obtained from the unripe fruit of black pepper. Dried green peas are processed in such a way as to preserve green color, for example, using sulfur dioxide or by lyophilization (dry drying). Likewise, pink (red) peppers are also obtained from ripe fruits (pink peppers from Piper nigrum should be distinguished from the more common pink peppers made from Peruvian or Brazilian peppers). Green peppers are not suitable for planting.
Instructions
1.First, you need to choose and prepare a landing site. Pepper seedlings grow best in rich, moist soils and well-drained areas, so fertilize the soil to add nutrients to it. The soil pH should be between 5.5 and 6.5. Lime should be added if the soil is too acidic.
2.Select partially shaded areas as plants can be damaged by exposure to too much sunlight. If the planting will be done indoors, then it is better to choose one that can have a temperature of 24 to 29 degrees, for example, it can be a sunny room with a partially darkened window.
3. Planting of pepper is carried out by seeds. Pepper seeds are placed below the surface of the soil to a depth of about one centimeter. If planting inside pots, it is best to use pots with a capacity of at least 3 liters, as the pepper plant can develop extensive root systems.
4. Not everyone knows how to grow black pepper. Peppers need to be controlled and maintained during the first two to three years, as well as in the time between the first planting and the first flowers. The plant should be provided with sufficient water. The soil should always be moist, but not soggy, to help the roots develop.
5. You need to fertilize the soil from time to time to help keep the soil rich in nutrients. If the plant grows in pots and is usually indoors, you can take advantage of its mobility and place it outdoors in a shaded area.
6. The harvest of pepper appears six to eight months after the first flowering. To harvest black pepper, it must be harvested while it is still green. The pepper must be boiled and then dried in the sun for several days. After that, it will turn black. Store peppers in an airtight container in a cool, dark place.
Black pepper is commonly called the Malabari berry. This plant in natural conditions is a tree-like vine 6 meters long, which twines around trees. Pepper is cultivated on the plantations of Sri Lanka, Java, Borneo, Sumatra, Brazil. Black, white and green peppers are obtained from each type of tree. In our country, aromatic black pepper is traditionally used as a seasoning for soups, pickles, meat, sausages... With a great desire to really grow allspice in your country house or at home. How to get seedlings from seeds, move them into separate pots, create the proper conditions, read our article.
What difficulties can lie in wait for those who decide to grow allspice at home? If your plant looks elongated and bare, then the reasons for this phenomenon can be a lack of useful elements and a small amount of natural light. If the tips of the leaves, which black pepper has, have acquired a brown tint, this indicates an insufficient degree of moisture in the substrate and air. In winter, when growing allspice, yellowing of the foliage is dangerous for it, which is observed when high humidity... The result may be the appearance of chlorosis in the soil. If your favorite culture at home begins to dry out, it can be assumed that there is an excess of light. Placing the pot in direct sunlight will result in a pale greenery.
It should be remembered that black pepper is a tropical crop, and like all heat-loving plants, it reacts badly to a cold snap. Your pet can even die at temperatures below 10 degrees.
If during cultivation you find white sparks on the back of the leaf, do not be alarmed. Soon they will turn black, and the presence of such formations is a cultural feature, and this is quite normal.
Allspice can be propagated in several ways: using seeds, layering, cuttings or dividing.
To get high-quality seedlings, it is enough to purchase peppercorns in the store. June is best for planting seeds, as optimum temperature for a culture it is 25 - 28 degrees Celsius. Presowing preparation involves calibration. After selecting the largest peas, they should be soaked for a day, then planted in a pot. Before planting, the peas must be doused with boiling water, after which they are ready to be laid in the soil. For sowing, you will need a soil in which there is 1 part of sand and half of a sod land.
The first fragile sprouts of seedlings can actually be obtained after 1 month. When the sprouts become a full-fledged bush, the seedlings are picked at a distance of several cm from each other. For planting, pots with a diameter of 7 - 8 cm are used. When picking, black pepper should be transplanted carefully, since it has fragile roots.
It is advised to make top dressing when the second leaf appears on the seedlings. Chicken droppings, which are preliminarily diluted with water and kept for a couple of days, have proven themselves as fertilizers. Its ratio with liquid is 1:10. Alternatively, it is permissible to use a ready-made dressing intended for deciduous crops.
When the roots of the plant have grown, which usually happens after a week, many transplant it into a larger pot. It should not be forgotten that the pet grows in wildlife as a creeper entwining trees, so at home he will need a reliable support.
It is possible to get white pepper from black peas if you put it in water for a week, then remove the peel and dry it. Green peppercorns are obtained from unripe peas. For cultivation, only black fruits are used. It will not be possible to get a plant from pink, white or green peas. The culture of foreign breeds does not need picking, but it grows only for one season.
Allspice after transplanting into separate containers requires full care. It needs diffused lighting. It is best to place the pots on windowsills that are located on the east or west side. If the pot is located on the south side, you will definitely need to create a shadow for it. Provided it is located on the north window, the plant may suffer from a lack of the normal amount of lighting.
When black pepper enters the active growing season, it needs a temperature regime of 20 to 25 degrees Celsius. In the autumn period, a slight decrease in indicators is permissible. In winter, the temperature should not fall below 18 degrees, in exceptional cases - not below 16 degrees.
Watering in spring and autumn is abundant. Settled soft water is used. Before each next watering, check whether the staff is the top layer of the earth. The frequency of watering decreases in autumn and becomes even lower in winter. For this culture, both overdrying and waterlogging of the soil in which it grows are equally harmful.
A high humidity indicator is also relevant for pepper. If you neglect it, your pet will be overcome by diseases. It is important to spray twice a day. To provide the plant with additional moisture, it is recommended to install the pot on a special tray with peat or moistened expanded clay.
Top dressing should be applied to the soil 1 time in 2 weeks - this applies to the spring-autumn period. In winter and autumn, the plant does not need fertilization. This culture tends to be dormant in winter. At this time, the temperature regime must be maintained at 17 - 18 degrees.
Allspice is transplanted once every 2 years - this is important for mature crops. Young black pepper should be transplanted once a year, do it better in spring... The culture needs a loose nutrient substrate. One of the composition options is as follows: taken in equal parts, leaf, sod, humus soil, sand and peat.
So that the earth does not begin to dry out, allspice is advised to be kept not in clay, but in plastic pots, although clay ones are considered more durable. High-quality drainage should be placed at the bottom of the pot.
Allspice is a perennial crop. Planted with his own hands at home or in the country, he will bring the owner a harvest for several years.
Black pepper, as a spice, has been known to mankind since time immemorial.... Neither the first nor the second courses can do without its aroma and flavor-adding pungency, and delicious marinades cannot be prepared without the well-known black peas. But not everyone knows how this well-known spice grows- black peppercorns. Recently, the cultivation of black pepper on summer cottage and at home is becoming more and more popular, so I want to answer in detail all the questions that arise.
The homeland of the spice is the subtropics of Asia. Plantations of "Malabar berry", this is another name for black pepper, are located in India, Brazil, Indonesia.
Pepper vine grows up to 15 meters tall with large leathery leaves and hanging clusters of hard balls-fruits.
Green bunches turn red as they ripen... The red berries are picked and dried. In the process of drying, the fruits become familiar to everyone, black peas.
How black peppercorns grow in Australia:
Since at a temperature of + 10 ° C, the pepper liana dies, grow her into open ground it's almost impossible here.
But when creating favorable conditions, it grows well and even bears fruit as a houseplant.
A little patience and you will certainly be able to surprise your family and friends with an exotic tenant on the windowsill.
So where to plant? For pepper West and East windows are best suited with good lighting and no direct sunlight.
If the planting is located on the south side, you should slightly cover the plant from too bright light.
The optimum temperature for growth and development is + 25 ° С. In winter, like most plants, the pepper liana begins a dormant period, at which time planting feels great at + 16 ° C.
For sowing, you can purchase a bag of allspice black peppercorns, which is sold in almost every grocery store.
Before planting, they are soaked for a day in water + 25- + 30 ° С... Floating peas should not be planted. After that, the seeds are planted in prepared soil.
For sowing, you can purchase a bag of allspice black peppercorns
You need to plant seeds in a pot with a good drainage layer., pepper loves moisture, but with an excess of it, the plant may die.
Ready-made potting mix for orchids is perfect for planting., but you can prepare the soil yourself. The following composition will be optimal:
Seeds are planted in late May and early June... They can be covered with foil or glass to create a greenhouse effect.
The planting should be systematically watered and ventilated. Seedlings appear at 3-4 weeks.
Pepper loves good hydration and needs abundant watering and spraying from spring to autumn... The soil in the pot should be slightly damp.
In winter, watering is reduced and water the plant twice less. If the temperature in the room in winter is within + 20 ° C, it is not necessary to spray.
Important: watering and spraying is carried out with settled water in which there is less salt and chlorine.
The introduction of a complex mineral fertilizer or diluted chicken manure into the soil will provide the planting with the necessary substances.
Fertilized from late April to early October, twice a month... With a sufficient content of fertilizers in the soil, the plant will please a good appearance and active growth.
Pepper needs frequent watering, spraying, fertilization from late April to early October
It is produced every two years.... The plant is placed in a larger pot using the transfer method. Before transplanting, the soil must be moistened so as not to damage the root system.
Pepper will tell you what he needs at the moment. With a lack of sunlight the plant stretches and sheds foliage.
With insufficient humidity the tips of the leaves turn brown. Excessive waterlogging leads to yellowing of the leaves.
Direct sunlight can burn and dry foliage.
Since this is a vine, it is necessary to put a support to enable the seedling to grow normally.
The appearance of white "eggs" on the back of the leaves is normal for the plant.
At good conditions content of pepper vine at home can reach 2 m in height.
White pepper is obtained by steeping ripe fruits for 2 weeks and then peeling and drying.
Only black peas can be used as seeds. Red, white and green seeds do not germinate.
Begins to bear fruit in the second year of life, can reach 2 m in height
The spice has a powerful antibacterial effect... Promotes the preservation of food, which is why it is so popular in hot Asian countries.
It is able to normalize the digestion process. Helps with colds. It is an excellent antioxidant and improves metabolism.
The program "About the Most Important" will tell you about black peppercorns:
It's easy to grow peppers at home... A little patience and careful care will allow you to get a very interesting plant, not only useful, but also possessing excellent decorative properties.
Black pepper is the most popular spice that you can not only buy in any grocery store, but also grow it yourself.
The homeland of the spicy culture is the Malabar Coast, located on the Indian subcontinent. For centuries, the Malabar berry has been traded, used as commodity money.
The plant is a tree-like liana up to 15 m tall. It has aerial roots, leathery ovoid leaves with pointed tips. Its small grayish-yellow or white flowers are collected in loose earring inflorescences up to 10 cm long. The fruit is a rounded single-seeded drupe up to 5 mm in diameter. At first, it is green, when ripe it turns red, and it becomes black when dried. One seed contains up to 30 drupes. The plant bears fruit twice a year for 25-30 years.
For the convenience of harvesting when growing pepper as an agricultural crop, the growth of lianas is limited by backwaters up to 4-5 m high
Black pepper has nothing to do with bell peppers and hot red peppers, which are herbaceous plants the Solyonov family. Biological affiliation, external appearance and black pepper also differs in taste from allspice, the fruits of which are formed on a tree from the Myrtle family, and are home to the islands of the Caribbean. Allspice peas are larger than black ones, have a smooth surface, less pungent taste and a pronounced spicy aroma.
Black pepper (left) differs from allspice (right) in biological identity, taste and aroma indicators, appearance
Black pepper is a plant of the subtropics, it will not grow and bear fruit in our climate, therefore, it is possible to grow an overseas spice only on the windowsill. Planting black pepper is best done in spring.
For planting, you can use black pepper, which is sold in grocery stores. The largest and darkest peas should be selected from the bag.
If the pepper is packaged more than 12 months ago, it is unlikely to sprout.
Note! Only black pepper can be used for sowing. White, green, red peas do not germinate.
Selected peas should be soaked in warm (+ 22-25 degrees) water for 24 hours. Full-fledged seeds should sink to the bottom, and those that remain on the surface should be removed - they will not germinate. After a day, it is recommended to treat the swollen seeds with a growth stimulant (Epin, Bud, Ovary). It is better to germinate the seeds before sowing:
After pecking seeds, they are planted in pots. It is best to plant one plant at a time in a container so as not to injure the seedlings with an additional dive.
For planting sprouted peas, a soil is prepared, which should be nutritious, moisture and air permeable. It can be composed of the following components, taken in equal parts:
In the planting tank, you need to organize drainage holes, then fill it a quarter with a drainage layer. Clay shards, crushed stone, expanded clay are suitable as drainage.
The presence of a drainage layer will prevent the stagnation of water in the pot, increase the air permeability of the soil and thereby protect the root system of the pepper from decay
After filling the pot with earth, sowing is carried out:
After the emergence of seedlings, the shelter is removed and the seedling is provided with the following conditions of detention:
With the indicated maintenance regime, the plant in the second year should begin to bloom and bear fruit.
As the black pepper vine grows, it needs a transplant. They spend it in the spring. Young plants are transplanted every year using larger planting containers, and adults - once every two years. The soil for transplanting is used the same as for sowing the culture. The transplant must be carried out carefully so as not to damage the roots of the plant. It is best to use the transshipment method, that is, transplant the plant along with a clod of earth.
When transferring, the plant is carefully removed from the pot and, without shaking off the soil, is transferred to a larger container, filling the voids with fresh soil substrate
Black pepper can be propagated not only by seeds, but also in other ways: by cuttings, dividing the bush, layering. The easiest way is to divide the bush. It is carried out in the spring when transplanting a plant.
Propagation using cuttings:
Reproduction by layering:
With the vegetative propagation method, black pepper begins to bloom and bear fruit earlier.
Under uncomfortable conditions of detention, non-observance of the temperature, light mode the plant begins to signal its problems. It is important to notice these signals in time and take adequate measures to correct the situation.
| External signs | Cause | Remedies |
| Leaves fall on the plant, internodes lengthen on the liana, or it stops growing | Lack of light | Arrange additional lighting, periodically expose the plant to fresh air |
| The tips of the leaves dry up, darken | Lack of moisture | Increase the frequency of watering and spraying |
| Leaves turn yellow | Excess moisture | Normalize the irrigation regime |
| Lack of nutrients | Organize plant feeding | |
| Dry patches appear on the leaves | Direct sunlight | Move the pepper pot to a slightly shaded area |
Note! The appearance of white convex dots on the back of the leaves of a pepper vine is just a cultural feature, that is, it is quite normal and should not cause you concern.
Black pepper is primarily used in cooking. It is used as a condiment in various dishes. In addition, its fruits have a number of medicinal properties:
Subject to the rules of planting and care, the perennial pepper vine will supply you with fragrant and healthy black peppercorns for several years.
