There are several ways to make a filter for water using the ready-made, purchased filter, or the invention it with your own hands. Let's look at these two options.
And so, for the first way, we will need a purchased water filter, and a plastic bottle.
Such a filter is very convenient to use in hikes or trips somewhere. Let's start!
1. We take the knife and cut the bottle into two parts. It should be cut in the place where the upper part of the bottle (cone-shaped) passes into the middle part (cylindrical).
2 . Now we take the filter, and insert it with the bottom into the sliced \u200b\u200bpart with the neck. Thus, we define where you need to cut the neck from the bottle.
Total we have a cut bottle of 3 parts and filter.
3. All parts for the filter are ready, it remains only to gather it. We take the filter and wake it up into the cut-off top of the bottle, as shown in the photo.
4. This design, put in a bottle, and our filter will be ready. We can pour water and check how it works.
The second way, more interesting, since the filter we will create themselves! This is not difficult, but try to try. The following materials will be needed for the filter:
Capacity for filter.
River sand.
Charcoal.
Wat (can be replaced with gauze or cloth).
The principle of the filter is very simple - water passes through materials that are capable of filtering it, and we get purified water at the exit.
To make such a filter, we used the above-listed materials, as a container - a bottle of 5 liters.
1. Cut in a bottle of bottom. In the lid from the bottle, we also make a small hole, diameters 1 centimeter.
The water filter is the thing in everyday life and in demand. It is no secret that purified water is more useful for health, since boiling is not able to save it from harmful substances and impurities. Homemade filter No worse than the production is capable of cleaning water from precipitation. Make a filter with your own hands is quite simple. Moreover, there are a wide variety of solutions to this task that do not require significant financial costs.
Make a filter for water purification from harmful impurities with your own hands. The most primitive filter for water - sand. At home, a homemade water filter can be made of paper napkins or gauze. Cleaning and tap water with their help is cleaned quite efficiently, but such filters have one very significant disadvantage - they are very short-lived and require constant replacement.
Wool and cotton fabric are quite effectively used for water purification. Cotton fabric filter will last longer. It can be placed in a large siter or colander. Earlier in Russia for such purposes, flaxwood flanges were used.
The filter is no less popular charcoal. It can be purchased today in almost any industrial or grocery store. And there are those masters-crafts that prefer to produce charcoal themselves, and then use not to prepare kebabs, but as a filter for water purification. If there is a desire to make charcoal to filter water yourself, it is very simple to perform this operation.
Pieces of wood are placed in metal container, calcinate them in it - and charcoal for water purification is ready. However, it should be remembered that not every wood is suitable for such an operation. For the manufacture of activated carbon does not use pieces of wood coniferous rocksSince they contain resin and it prevents this product to obtain this product.
Filter for water purification can be made without problems from infirred materials. Those who disturb the problem of high-quality water purification and who has a desire to purchase any additional components for these purposes, experts usually recommend paying attention to Latraxil.
To filter it began to be used relatively recently, it is a new product on russian market. Loutraxil provides a high level of water purification for drinking and household needs due to the presence of special polypropylene fibers in it, delaying in the filter of impurities and harmful to human health substances.
Filters allow cleaning water from the following negative impurities and properties:
What is the homemade water filter the highest quality? The answer is simple - multi-layered. Each of the listed materials used to filter water has its own properties.
If filters are combined, water purification is carried out at a higher level. Bute filters clean the water slowly enough, for a faster solution to this task, you can apply plastic bottleWhose help is a home filter.
For the manufacture of a homemade filter will be required:
How to make a filter that allows water to clean? It is better to take an ordinary five-liter plastic bottle for water purification. The bottom of it must be neatly cut off. Another part of the filter is a plastic bucket. The hole is cut in its plastic lid. A plastic bottle of neck down insert into it, small holes are done in the traffic jam, pieces 5. Plastic edges are better to clean the sandpaper. And now it just remains to fill the homemade filter by filler.
First, on the bottom of the bottle we fold the washed pebbles of a small size, about 2-3 cm, from top to the bandage, folded fourly, or cotton fabric. It is necessary for the separation of coal stones.
The main filtering element is coal.
Previously need to prepare it. If there is no finished coal, then for this you need to make a fire in advance, in which it is good to rolling wood. Then it is broke to her so that the pieces are not too small and not too large, and we fall asleep from above approximately half of the tank.
We take a gauze again, we fold it fourwise and well with it cover coal so that there are no gaps. This is done in order to put on the sand from above, he could not leak to coals. If the sand goes to coals, they will be born. Sand pre-rinse and rolling some for disinfection.
The sand function is to enhance filtering. He must leave small particles of dirt and foreign inclusions. Sand falls asleep approximately 2-2.5 fingers. On top of sand, march again in 4 layers, so that when pouring water, a funnel was not formed. At the top it is necessary to leave approximately 1/3 of the free space in order to pour water to be filtered.
If it is necessary to clean a larger amount of water, it is enough to take the other in size and repeat the algorithm.
Purification of water homemade filters is a standard event for hiking and field conditions. After all, wearing huge bottles are unreasonable due to incredible physical costs. In addition, it is irrational due to the almost widespread finding the necessary liquid component of the earth's shell.
The fluid-demanding liquid is really everywhere, but its sanitation is not always compatible with the use. But it is possible to make a very effective filter for water with your own hands, even in a multi-day route, being far from settlements, having a minimum of reducing agents.
We will introduce you to the most effective and easy-to-implement devices for cleaning dirty water. Here you will find schemes, recommendations and detailed description manufacturing technology. The material proposed to familiarize themselves is systematized, supplemented with visual illustrations and video instructions.
Filters help to get rid of the following substances and manifestations:
Unfortunately, this method of purification is also not ideal, has features and restrictions in use.
Filter device Features of the manufacture of simple filters - in multi-layered materials with various cleaning properties. Each new level contributes to additional removal of impurities, contamination or certain properties of water.
You can use accessible fillers and simple devices to the filter structure with your own hands.
In domestic conditions for a homemade filter as cleaners will be required:
As containments for unfiltered and purified water, you can use a plastic or enameled bucket with a lid and a plastic five-liter bottle. The volume of used utensils can be increased or reduced depending on the need.
Step-by-step guide:
The performance and quality of filter cleaning depends on the number of layers and their density. It is considered an optimal indicator for an hour cleaning 2-3 liters of water.
It should be noted that the purchased filters essentially possess the same cleansing properties, even if instead of the coal filler, the coames shell is used, which passed pyrolysis.
It is possible to prepare coal by calcining in the fire of the tree of hardwood placed in the metal dishes. Roots can not be used due to the large amount of resin contained in them. Birch lamps are ideal for the manufacture of activated carbon.
Filtration layers should fill about 2/3 of the total volume of the bottle, and 1/3 remains for unfiltered water.
Manufacture Perhaps provided that water is supplied with certain and stable pressure. The main purpose of such installations is the removal of chlorine odors, additional cleaning and disinfection.
To assemble the structure, you will need three flasks of the same size, filler and nipple adapters to ΒΌ inches that have notation for the direction of carrier. The filtering material may be coal.
The flasks need to be connected successively, the average must be filled with the filter material. TO watering system The filter is joined by a tee. Connection locations are carefully compacted to avoid leaks.
It should be remembered that over time the filters themselves are also contaminated. Fabric, cotton and paper cleaners need to be changed as wear. Sand is allowed to rinse with reverse water stream to complete transparency of water.
The coal layer is subject to replacement due to infection by bacteria. The maximum filtration period for sand is 3 months, and for coal - 1 month.
Water purification is carried out through porous layers of materials that can be replaced by necessity or due to the tasks. To determine the high-quality level of filtration, water must be sent to laboratory analysis. Sometimes it is enough for taste characteristics and visually feel the difference between the initial and purified water.
The main list of filtration materials is traditional: wool, gauze, cotton fabrics, pebbles, coal. But sometimes there is a question that preferred and why?
In order to mechanically purify water from impurities and pollution, sand is used. The most appropriate is considered quartz due to the suitable form of its grains and mineral purity. The angularity of particles is opposed to sticking, this property is important for filtering. Quartz sand is distinguished by fineness, which enhances the quality of water purification.
The use of coal is associated with purification from pesticides, chlorine traces, ozone, organic organics due to the adsorption process. Efficiency is achieved under the condition of the porosity of the structure.
If the coal was made by the factory method, then the technologies ensure the presence of pores in charcoal. Independent manufacture Coal does not lead to the desired stage, although certain porosity will still be.
The best clearative structure of coal is achieved as a result of the coagulation of the coconut shell or bones of drain, apricots or peaches.
An additional component for the filter recently appeared in the modern market. The presence of special fibers from polypropylene in it provides high-quality purification from impurities and substances harmful to humans.
Principle of operation of the reverse osmosis system Water passes through several layers of the filter, consistently released from various contaminants. The more levels - the higher the degree of cleaning. Fillers can be different, each has their own filtration features and opportunities.
The first stage of cleaning - It is a mechanical chipping through porous materials of rust particles, sand, clay, any debris, which can be contained in water. Thus, transparency is achieved, giving the outer visibility of purity.
Subsequent filters can change the color, taste, water smell, change its chemical composition.
The role of cleaning layers use:
To carry out effective water filtration, it is necessary to know its features, composition. This information helps in the selection of filters. For example, when obtaining water from the artesian well, a lot of iron and hardness salts fall during drilling. Accordingly, the purification should be aimed at removing the ferrunce with a selected reagent.
Cleaning structures made by independently from remedies and materials, quite inexpensive, comfortable and available. In this big advantage before purchased filters, installations that country housesThe dachas are absolutely not coming out due to cost and unacceptable conditions for use.
Make the simplest and at the same time an effective filter will be able to any manual with the help of household tools and devices: knife, plastic bottle, buckets, fabrics and other materials.
The disadvantages of homemade structures for traditional filtration are:
Pure water It was always necessary to man, but the more technologies are developing, the worse it affects the quality of the water system. A person began to fight pollution for a long time, for which a wide variety of filters and devices were invented, but they may not be affected by a simple person. Those who want to have cleaned water have the ability to filter it with homemade filters.
The water purification filter is a device by which it is possible to remove various impurities, particles that do not dissolve in it, chlorine and pathogenic viruses and microbes.
In the conditions of the house, you can use three types of filters:
You can use filters:
Wherever the filter was used, it has a certain structure that allows you to effectively cope with water pollution. To make a filtering mechanism yourself, you need to know what it is for this that will be required and how to assemble it in a single whole.
Water purification is the necessary measure of modern life, because the impact on the nature of various factors of human vital activity has significantly affected its quality and purity. Best of all, filters can be coped to the problem, which can be installed both at home and at the enterprise of any scale.
To drinking water There was a fitting quality, it is best to use special decanters with filtering mechanisms installed in them.
Water treatment in the filter is made by passing through a certain number of steps, and what they are more, the cleaner will be the resulting product. At the first stage of purification, mechanical filtering is underway when sufficient large elements littered from the water are removed. Through the next stage, the impact on the chemical fluid is underway, and the last level will be a coal cartridge, passing through which, water becomes completely suitable for drinking.
Most of Filtering elements are cartridges that have their graduation:
In view of the variety of cartridges, they can be used for different functions, which, in turn, leads to the need to use different devices for this.
Filters-jugs - the most common optionin the case when drinking water has low quality. The scheme of their work is very simple, and the price is not big, because this option can afford almost everything. The filtering substance is a coal cartridge that can only cope with 500 liters of water, after which it is replaced. There are specialized and universal options. In specialized there are additions that make water softer, removing iron from it and adding fluorine.
Call cartridges are also installed in the taps. Their feature is a small water pressure, which should pass through pipes, otherwise the system will be ineffective.
Separate installations perform work after allowing them to connect the flexible hose to the tap pipes.
Cartridges in this case are changing at least once every 5 months.
To disinfect water, best use ultraviolet filterwhich can only be used after pre-mechanical cleaning. In addition to the usual drinking, there are also rainwater, which can also be used to effectively. Due to pollution, it is often unsuitable, but using filters it can be used in a wide variety of spheres and for any tasks. Filters in this case need two are one primary, to select large garbage, and the second - for more thorough filtering and obtaining suitable water.
In order to make a filter yourself, you need to have certain knowledge and correctly apply them in practice. First of all, it is worth taking care of a suitable container for the future filter, where all the components will include. It should be large enough so that it was convenient to place everything conveniently. As a filtering substance for a homemade filter, quartz sand, career washed sand or activated carbon, gravel and zeolite can be used.
To create a first layer, which will cope with major pollution, you need to choose a cotton fabric, but its use has its own minuses: it quickly clogs, the processes of rotting begins, appears inside nasty smell. To avoid such problems, it is better to take a synthetic material - Loutrasil, who is not so scary moisture and it is not too quickly clogging.
The use of quartz sand will be indispensable at the stage of delayed small particles and filtering heavy metals. The use of gravel will contribute to the screening of large particles of unnecessary elements in water. With the help of zeolite, it is easy to cope with the metal and salt suspension, in addition, it helps to fight pesticides and other harmful substances used in industry.
The highest quality filter through which tap water can pass is coal. Homemade devices Allow the mineral formation and toxic substances with the same productivity. In addition, due to the effects of coal, water becomes transparent and any odors are neutralized in it. By choosing activated coal for the filter, it is best to take it in a granular form, because the powder option will fall into the water, and large particles will filter water for a long time.
Right choice The filter content will provide high-quality work for a long time and will save from the need to buy ready-made equipment.
If there is no filter at hand, but you need to somehow clean the water with your own hands, you can use a number of methods that will show very well-fastened results:
Make any of the options is easy, the main thing is to have suitable ingredients at hand and enjoy them correctly. Although methods and diverse, but the principle of them is similar - this is the disposal of water from unnecessary and harmful components, which adversely affect the human body.
You can use such a filter in an apartment, a private house, it is easy to find the appropriate option and for giving so that everywhere there was peeled and useful water.
In addition to the above-mentioned jug filters and tap nozzles, there is still a separate type of devices. They can be installed under the sink or put on the main pipe, which helps not only clean the water, but also extend the service life of the entire plumbing in the house.
There are also more devices such as:
In addition, the filter options distinguish such as:
A homemade filter can be made from different components, but the most effective is the one as part of which has activated carbon, which is why it is worth considering the principle of its manufacture in more detail. The first stage is the search for a suitable body for a product that can be plastic bottle.
The order of work is:
So you can make a fully working filter that is suitable for giving or any other use option. It is important to know that the cleaning process will go long enough, because the filtering device is suspended near the water source.
Before continuous use, it is worthwheeling the system, the first batch of water in it, which will wash all microorganisms and filters the materials to the desired state.
You can make a filtering device using firm materials and a purchased item, for what:
