Experts from the Russian Association of the Wind Industry (RAWI) have estimated the potential of the wind power equipment market in Russia at more than € 6 billion. This is due to the fact that wind farms with a capacity of up to 3.6 thousand MW are planned to be commissioned by the next decade, subject to mandatory equipment localization by 65% in 2016. Such a timeframe, according to the association, will push Russian producers to create foreign joint ventures. At the same time, the RAWI hopes that there will be no obstacles to the transfer of Western technologies due to political events.
To ensure an inflow of investment in Russian wind energy, the government restricted the use of foreign equipment in 2013. According to the decree, it is necessary to localize the production of wind turbines by 55% in 2015 and by 65% in 2016-2020. During this period, it is planned to commission wind farms with a capacity of up to 3.6 thousand MW. As a result, the market size for manufacturers of wind turbines and their components can now exceed € 6 billion, the RAWI estimates.
“Since the modern wind energy market in Russia is only gaining momentum, there are no enterprises that manufacture entirely megawatt-class wind turbines yet. But in power engineering, shipbuilding, metalworking industrial enterprises Russia, thanks to the legislative requirement of a high degree of localization, has a chance to enter new market with the production of components for global manufacturers of wind turbines ", - said the President of RAWI Igor Bryzgunov.
According to the association, such enterprises as SSM-Tyazhmash LLC, Zenit-Himmash LLC, Togliatinsky Transformer LLC, Kazan Engine-Building Production Association OJSC and Alfa-Tech LLC are now showing interest in the production of equipment. At the same time, RAWI emphasizes that the timing of the localization of equipment will push Russian companies to the creation of foreign joint ventures, and they hope that the aggravation of political relations between Russia and the EU countries and the United States will not be an obstacle.
“Of course, political events affect the markets. Communication with partners has slowed down a little, because this is a large energy industry, albeit renewable. Western partners are weighing their decisions, but the trend towards strengthening renewable energy is global, so we are optimistic about the development of this market in Russia. Wind power systems are not dual-use systems in any way. Therefore, we hope that there will be no obstacles to the transfer of such technologies by Western companies to a new high-potential market, ”said Mr. Bryzgunov.
Note that the design of wind farms began in 2009, and sites for their construction in the amount of more than 2,500 MW are already ready. Among the developers: LLC VES, LLC Vetropark, CJSC VetroOGK, CJSC Windlife Arctic Power (Netherlands), LLC ALTEN, LLC VES-Mirny, LLC VES-Oktyabrsky, LLC VETROEN - YUG-G, LLC Wind Generation Company, LLC KompleksIndustriya, LLC Vent Rus, LLC Kurgan VES, LLC DVVES and JSC RusHydro.
In 2013, ATC (Administrator trading system wholesale electricity market) conducted the first selection of renewable energy sources, as a result of which ComplexIndustria will commission 105 MW of wind farms in the Astrakhan, Orenburg and Ulyanovsk regions in 2016-2017. Based on the selection results in 2014, ALTEN will launch the first stage of the Priyutnenskaya WPP with a capacity of 51 MW in the Republic of Kalmykia by 2015.
According to NP Market Council, agreements will be signed in relation to the selected projects, providing investors with guaranteed cost recovery for 15 years with a base yield of 14% per annum (the current yield depends on the yield on long-term federal loan bonds). Until 2020, the volume of investments in the development of renewable energy will amount to 561 billion rubles, said the head of the Ministry of Energy Alexander Novak.
Serial production of wind turbines exceeding 50 units per month in Russia and the CIS countries has not yet been established due to the lack of mass demand for them, and only a few manufacturers in our country produce wind turbines.
This allowed us to take an advantageous competitive position along with foreign manufacturers. We became the first production facility in Russia modern models low-speed hand-assembled wind generators with a capacity of 1 to 10 kW.
In 2005, the experimental production workshop began to develop its own radio-electronic component of wind power plants. Throughout the year, experiments were carried out in which they developed, tested and improved their own controller. Then we began to develop other technological products ourselves. All this made it possible to reduce costs by 2-3 times both for production and for the final cost of wind turbines. And now we offer wind turbines 2 times cheaper than our foreign competitors from developed countries.
By 2007, we had thoroughly studied the directions of consumer demand and were able to form "basic" sets of equipment with the possibility of modifying them for each specific consumer. These options are presented in the section " Wind solutions ».
From 2009 to the present, our customers have the opportunity to purchase Russian-made wind turbines that have the following advantages in comparison with imported counterparts:Wind generators made in Russia are quite successful, because, due to the absence of electromagnetic and infrasonic oscillations, they do not cause a feeling of discomfort in people, with a sufficiently long service life they do not need service and are able to work in any climatic conditions.
Despite the large number of alternative energy sources that exist in Russia, including those offered by us, the production of wind turbines has remained the heart of our company since ancient times. Gradually, our company "overgrown" with an impressive "shell" of sales, logistics, procurement and other structural divisions associated with its growth, many of which have spun off into separate and subsidiary companies and since 2010 we have become a group of companies ... but the "heart" everything remains the same - this own production consisting of several dozen highly qualified professionals. All our specialists have many years of experience in the production processes for which they are responsible.
Unlike Chinese enterprises, in which the production of wind power plants is carried out in thousands of copies, our wind turbines are produced in limited quantities, therefore, the quality of the performance of each station is at the highest level.
In 2011, well-known state and private companies of the country have already become our clients for wind turbines:The choice of such giants Russian market already at that time was the best proof of our professionalism and experience accumulated over the years of our company.
Since 2014, we have combined the commercial and engineering efforts of our companies with the Moscow plant for the production of inverters and power electronics.This allowed us to significantly expand the range of products offered by our companies. We have successfully entered markets such as Solar Power Plants and Systems uninterruptible power supply.
By 2018, our group of companies has taken a leading position in many markets, but the real pride for us is not even the fact that we did it mainly with products of our own and domestic production ...And the fact that, despite all the crises and the situation in the country in previous years, we managed not only to preserve, but also to increase the main thing for us, our “roots” - the production of wind turbines ... that very “heart” is now common for our group of companies.
V modern world in the era of scientific and technological progress and the flourishing of new technologies, in the period of economic integration and globalization, there is a rapid development of the tourism and hotel business. The process of unification of Europe, the opening of the "iron curtain", wide use new information technologies make the world more open. The number of people traveling for business or tourism is growing every year. A full-fledged comfortable rest, the opportunity to see new cities and countries, visit historical sites and sights, enjoy the beauty of nature is the cherished dream of many. For the realization of this dream, for the embodiment fairy tale modern travelers go to life. Often the motivation for a trip may be simply a desire for a change of scenery. Therefore, the role of the hotel in the modern tourism infrastructure can hardly be overestimated. It must meet all the expectations of the client, become for him a cozy and comfortable home for a while, be remembered for something individually unique. It is the creation of a positive image of the hotel, the perception of it by the client as an attractive place where one wants to return again, and is the goal of the owner and staff and, ultimately, the key to the commercial success of the enterprise.
There are a huge number of hotels in the modern world. They differ in purpose, capacity, number of storeys, type of structures, level of comfort, location and other characteristics. To be successful in the competition, you need to take into account the requirements modern market... It is necessary to create not only excellent customer service, architectural style, but also the well-established operation of the hotel's housing and communal complex, including the hotel's water supply
The twenty-first century is the century of advanced technologies. And ever higher demands are placed on energy efficiency engineering equipment and systems. The novelty is fundamental for water supply, heating, fire extinguishing systems - in technology, in quality assurance, ease of installation and, most importantly, efficiency.
Therefore, the tasks of this work:
consider the water supply technology of the hotel
consider the design of an internal cold water supply system for hotels
consider the design of a hot water supply system for hotels
to deduce the shortcomings of the water supply technology of the hotel
consider the technology of hot and cold water supply of the sanatorium "Chaika
Objectives of this work:
analyze the water supply technology of the hotel
to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the technology of hot and cold water supply of the sanatorium "Chaika
Draw conclusions on the work done
In hotels, water is used for household and drinking needs - for drinking and personal hygiene of staff and guests; for production needs - for cleaning residential and public premises, watering the territory and green spaces, washing raw materials, dishes and cooking, washing overalls, curtains, bed and table linen, when providing additional services, for example, in a hairdresser, a sports and fitness center, as well as for fire fighting purposes.
The water supply system includes three components: a water supply source with structures and devices for the intake, purification and treatment of water, external water supply networks and an internal water supply located in the building.
Hotels located in cities and towns are usually supplied with cold water from the city (village) water supply system. Hotels located in rural areas, in the mountains, on highways have a local water supply system.
The city water supply system uses water from open (rivers, lakes) or closed (groundwater) sources.
In a modern hotel, each room has its own bathroom. The main equipment includes: washbasin, bath or shower, toilet, bidet. The main devices should also include heated towel rails.
Depending on the type of hotel and room, the following options for placing sanitary equipment are used:
in hotels of the highest and I category, a bathroom for individual use is required in the room, equipped with three appliances, and in a suite - four;
in single and double rooms of hotels of the II and III categories there can be a bathroom with two appliances (toilet and washbasin);
An important point is also the careful installation of the equipment itself and the creation of opportunities for preventive inspection and repair of equipment. Test chambers are often used, which are located between two bathrooms. This provides access to basic communications without entering the room.
In hotels with expensive interiors, bathrooms represent a very interesting technical and artistic solution and are the real pride of sanitary equipment. High quality porcelain combined with high quality metal fittings, wall decoration and all additional devices make your stay at the hotel pleasant and create modern comforts.
