Russian alphabet - a coded message from time immemorial
She fully possesses such a feature as acrophonicity, significantly different from Hebrew
The Russian alphabet is a completely unique phenomenon among all known methods of letter writing. The ABC differs from other alphabets not only by the practically perfect embodiment of the principle of unambiguous graphic display “one sound - one letter”. The alphabet also contains content, I would even say, a whole message from time immemorial (pardon the pathos), which, if we try a little, we can read literally.
To begin with, let's remember the phrase “Every hunter wants to know where the pheasant is sitting”, familiar from childhood - an excellent algorithm for memorizing the sequence of rainbow colors (red, orange, yellow, green, light blue, blue, purple). This is the so-called. acrophonic method: each word of a phrase begins with the same letter as the name of the color (acrophony is the formation of words from the initial letters of the original phrase. Words are read not by the alphabetical names of letters, but like a regular word).
Morse code with tunes
However, acrophonic memorization is far from being a toy. For example, after the invention of the famous code for telegraphic communications by Morse in 1838, the problem of mass training of telegraph operators arose. It turned out to be more difficult to memorize Morse code quickly than the multiplication table. The solution was found: for the convenience of memorization, each Morse code was opposed by a word starting with the letter that this character conveys. For example, "dot-dash" became "watermelon" because they convey "a". In short, acrophony provides a convenient memorization of the alphabet and, as a result, the fastest possible distribution.
Among the main European alphabets, three are more or less acrophonic: Greek, Hebrew and Cyrillic (Glagolitic). In the Latin alphabet, this feature is completely absent, therefore, the Latin alphabet could appear only on the basis of an already widespread writing, when there is no longer a need for acrophony.
Greek alphabet (bunchoffun.com)
In the Greek alphabet, remnants of this phenomenon can be traced in the names of 14 out of 27 letters: alpha, beta (more correctly - vita), gamma, etc. However, these words do not mean anything in the Greek language and are slightly distorted derivatives of the Hebrew words "Aleph" (bull ), "Bet" (house), "gimel" (camel), etc. Hebrew still fully retains acrophony, which, by the way, contributes a lot to the rapid education of immigrants in Israel. By the way, the comparison on the basis of acrophonicity directly indicates a certain borrowing of the Hebrew letter by the Greeks.
Hebrew text (chedelat.ru)
The Proto-Slavic alphabet also fully possesses the sign of acrophonicity, but it differs significantly from Hebrew, as the Russian chemist, musician, author of works in the field of history and linguistics Yaroslav Kesler writes in his book "Alphabet: a message to the Slavs". Among the Jews, all the names of letters are nouns in the singular and nominative case. But among the names of 29 letters of the Slavic alphabet - at least 7 verbs. Of these, 4 are in the imperative mood: two in the singular (rtsy, tsy) and two in the plural (think, live), one verb in an indefinite form (yat), one in the third person singular (is) and one - in the past tense (lead). Moreover, among the names of letters, there are pronouns (kako, shta), and adverbs (firm, zelo), and plural nouns (people, beeches).
In a normal, coherent conversation, one verb accounts for an average of three other parts of speech. In the names of the letters of the Proto-Slavic alphabet, this sequence is observed, which directly indicates the coherent nature of the alphabetical names.
Alphabetical Message (megabook.ru)
Thus, the Proto-Slavic alphabet is a Message - a set of coding phrases that allow each sound of the language system to give an unambiguous graphic correspondence (i.e., a letter).
And now - ATTENTION! Consider the first three letters of the alphabet - az, buki, lead.
Az - "I".
Beeches (beeches) - "letters, letters".
Vedi (Veda) - "knew", the perfect past tense from "Vediti" - to know, to know.
Combining the acrophonic names of the first three letters of the alphabet, we get the following: "az buki vede" - "I know the letters."
Combined into phrases and all subsequent letters of the alphabet:
Verb - "word", and not only spoken, but also written.
Good is "property, acquired wealth."
There is (natural) - the third person singular from the verb "to be".
We read: "the verb is good naturally" - "the word is a property."
Live - imperative mood, plural from "to live" - "to live in labor, not vegetate."
Zelo - "diligently, with zeal" (compare English zeal - stubborn, zealous, jealous - jealous, and also the biblical name Zealot - "jealous").
Earth - "planet Earth and its inhabitants, earthlings."
And - the union "and".
Izhe - "those who, they are."
Kako - "how", "like".
People are "intelligent beings."
We read: "live green, earth, and what kind of people" - "live working hard, earthlings, and as befits people."
Think - imperative mood, plural from "to think, to comprehend with the mind."
Nash - "our" in the usual sense.
He is "the aforementioned" in the meaning of "the only one".
Rooms (rest) - "the basis (of the universe)". Wed To rest - to be based on something.
We read: “think our on'l chambers” - “comprehend our creation”.
Rtsi (rtsi) - imperative mood: "speak, utter, read aloud." Wed "speech".
Yat (yati) - "to comprehend, to have."
"Tsy, worm, shta yra yus yati!" stands for "Dare, tochi, worm to comprehend the Light of Jehovah!".
The combination of the above phrases makes up the alphabetical Message:
“Az buki vede. The verb is good natural. Live green, earth, and like people, think of our chambers. Rtsy word is firm - uk ferret Her. Tsy, worm, shta yra yus yati! " And if you give this message a modern sound, it will look something like this:
I know the letters.
A letter is an asset.
Work hard, earthlings,
As befits reasonable people.
Comprehend the universe!
Use the word with conviction:
Knowledge is a gift from God!
Dare, delve into
To comprehend the light of existence!
Starting from the first grade of school (and many even earlier), we all almost continuously read some kind of texts: signs and announcements, price tags, explanatory inscriptions, not to mention fiction and special literature, media, incoming SMS, etc. Of greatest interest in any text is its content. But today we will give some noteworthy facts about the technical aspects of the texts. For example:
Misprints are found in many texts, although they are actively combated. In most cases, a single typing error does not entail any serious, let alone financial, consequences. But sometimes...
Once (in 2005) on the Tokyo Stock Exchange, shares of a fairly respectable company J-Com began to be sold at a price of 1 yen for 610 thousand shares. This happened as a result of a trivial typo made by the Mizuho Securities technical support employee who was responsible for the share placement and quotation process. In the “price” field, it is the number of shares (1), and the “quantity” field - the value (610 thousand) And although this typo was very quickly discovered, quite a lot of shares had already gone “cheap” by that time. J-Com's losses due to this typo amounted to $ 347 million. And these losses of the company were compensated by the Tokyo Stock Exchange together with Mizuho Securities, the firm where the perpetrator of the incident worked, the further fate of which is unknown.
The great Hemingway once, on a bet, undertook to compose a story in one line, capable of moving anyone. Here is the story: “Children's shoes for sale. New. "
The opponent of the writer admitted himself a loser.
The British collective "Hoosiers" has combined several dozen different poems composed by Internet users into a single composition based on a common motive. The duration of this song was 45 minutes.
Aboriginal language alphabet about. Bougainvillea (east of N. Guinea) Rotokas contains only 12 letters, of which there are 5 vowels and 7 consonants.
This was determined by a fairly simple method. We calculated how much advertisers agree to pay for each pass on their link shown by Google next to search results for different words. The absolute champion was the word "insurance", estimated by businessmen at $ 55 per click. It is now considered the most expensive word. And then how much you are willing to pay for a well-written article is also not so difficult to determine - the most important thing in this matter is to contact the right copywriter - you can order text for the site at an affordable price from copywriter # 1 Vyacheslav Savitsky.
According to the Guinness Book, the Bible remains the most widely used book today, with a cumulative circulation of 6 billion. For comparison, the total circulation of the Quran is approximately 2 billion.
The monostikh genre is well known. Some other poets of the ancient era were noted with poems in one line. But, perhaps, the most famous was V. Bryusov's poem published in the collection "Russian Symbolists" (1895). Here is the whole poem:
"Oh, close your pale legs."
The assertion that the great and mighty Russian language is one of the most expressive and richest has long become an axiom. A clear confirmation of this is a selection of amazing facts about the Russian language.
The Russian language has an interesting alphabet, which contains unique letters, the meaning of which is not fully understood. For example, a solid sign denoted in the letter "ъ".
And if we consider the not so often used letters "y" or "y". Do you know a lot of words in which these letters occupy the first position? In fact, there are not so few of them:
Despite the fact that the letter "f" is present in all Cyrillic Slavic alphabets, the words with its use are borrowed. To the master of words A.S. Pushkin at one time managed to write the permanent work "The Tale of Tsar Saltan", using only one borrowed word with this letter - the fleet.
Rarely did anyone think that the word "savagery" is the longest of those that are formed from letters coming in alphabetical order.
The concept of "double consonants" is familiar to many. But not everyone knows the amazing fact about the Russian language that there are words with triple vowels. These are the words - long-necked, zoo and snake-eater. Another no less interesting example of a word in which three pairs of identical letters are arranged in a row is a telegamma apparatus.
Russian speech is also rich in hard-to-pronounce words, in which 5 or even 6 consonants are arranged in a row. These are: filterpress, counter-strategy, whipping up, adjunctism.
The fact that the main elements of word formation are morphemes, such as the prefix root and suffix, is known to many from the school course. But, did you know that in Russian there is a word that is devoid of its main part - the root. The word "take out" has a zero root, which is formed as a result of alternation with a different form of the word "take out".
It is also difficult to imagine the fact that two completely different words "bee" and "bull" have the same root. The reason for this explanation lies in the fact that before honey insects were called nothing but "bchela". The sounds made by bulls and these insects were called "buzzing".
Continuing the topic, there is one more amazing fact of the Russian language. There are no restrictions on the number of prefixes in it. In addition, there are words with prefixes that are unique and unusual for Slavic speech:
The length of Russian words can be limitless. Among the words formed as a result of the merger of several, there are polysyllabic variants, the spelling of which involves the use of 25 or more letters. These are mainly medical, geological and chemical terms. The longest of them includes 55 letters: "tetrahydropyranylcyclopentyltetrahydropyridopyridine".
Their complete opposite - monosyllabic words in Russian speech are also not uncommon. Among them, there are also interesting options, which include 5-6 letters: stick it in, to your heart's content, passion, in passing, to open it.
Many, for certain, were perplexed by the word "win". This verb cannot be used in the first person. I will win or I will run, or maybe I will win - none of the options is correct. The absence of a given form is explained by the laws of euphony. Philologists suggest replacing a simple verb in this form with constructions such as "I will become a winner" or "I will win."
The verb "to win" is categorized as "insufficient." He's not one of a kind. Deprived of the first person and such verbs as "vacuum", "dare", "find yourself", "convince", "darken".
Take, for example, another verb "to be." How is it that in the present tense he cannot exist, but in the past and in the future he feels great?
Among the amazing facts of the Russian language is the abundance of palindromes. They are most often found among nouns. These words are read the same in both directions: rotator, sabbath, tevet, flood, lump, order.
And in conclusion, a not so significant, but rather entertaining moment: the longest particle of Russian speech is the word "exclusively".
There are currently 65 different alphabets in use around the world. The richest of them is Khmer, there are 72 letters in it, and the most economical is the alphabet of one of the languages of Papua New Guinea, which is enough for 11 letters.
The alphabet was invented by the Phoenicians ( already in the 15th century BC. e. the Phoenicians had an alphabet consisting of 22 letters) , and the Greeks invented to introduce vowels into it. The last major improvement in the alphabet was developed by Roman scribes in the 4th century AD: they separated uppercase and lowercase letters.
The oldest letter is "O". It was present in the Phoenician alphabet about 3300 years ago and has not changed at all since then.
The most common vowel sound in the world's languages is "A". There is no language that does not have such a sound. It is even in Abkhaz, where there are only two vowels - "a" and "e", and in Ubykh, where "a" is the only vowel.
I am afraid that you will not find truly Russian words that end with the sound "E": mufflers and pince-nez are French words.
In Russian, the letter "Y" is never at the beginning of a word. But the Turks simply adore her. Our word for "closet" in Turkey is "ishkaf". Iraq is called "Yrak" in Turkey.
Also, oddly enough, the Russian language almost does not tolerate words beginning with the sound and the letter "a". Take the "Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language": there are quite a few words with "a", but almost every one indicates that this word came to us (often together with the subject that it denotes) from another language.
We see the same thing, however, in other languages. So, for example, in the French language there are almost no proper words that would begin with the letters "x, y, z".
Linguists will tell you that in the Russian language there was a vowel sound, a cross between "e" and "and", to designate it in the letter was the letter "Yat". However, in the 19th century, no Russian could, with all desire, notice such a subtle difference by ear, and the spelling turned into a nightmare for schoolchildren. In the end, the "yat" was abolished.
Open the volume of Pushkin: in most of his poems you will not find the letter "F", in "The Tale of the Priest and His Worker Balda" you will not find a single letter "F", no matter how much you search, and among the 30,000 letters of "Poltava" only three "f." , "Fufaney" and "figli-migli".
The letter "solid sign", or as it used to be called "er", now behaves quietly and at ease. But until recently, schoolchildren who were learning to read and write suffered terrible misfortunes from this letter. Until 1917, in the phrase “Then they wrote about a solid sign with anger and indignation ..” 4 “era” would have to be put. In the 1897 edition of War and Peace, there are 54-55 solid characters per page. That's 70+ useless pages! If you count all the books, it turns out that in tsarist Russia about eight and a half million pages were printed annually, from top to bottom covered only with solid characters.
Why are the letters in the alphabet in this order?
I often find the answer to this question on the Internet in the following form: "This is an inexplicable fact." But I still found some explanations that I want to convey to you. And you already tell me if you have heard a different version.
Everything is simple with the Russian alphabet. Slavic writing is only a little over a thousand years old, and its history is known. In the second half of the 9th century, the brothers Cyril and Methodius decided to bring Christianity to the Slavic world, and since Christianity is the religion of the book, Cyril invented an alphabet for the Slavs, a verb.
Cyril came up with original designs (although based on the Greek minuscule widespread at that time), but kept the order in general terms. Maybe so that letters are still convenient to denote numbers. Maybe because he did not know another order. Perhaps because the alphabetical order of the language of the Bible is sacred - it is said in the Bible: “I am the alpha and omega,” that is, the beginning and the end.
The only thing was to give some space to the letters that denoted sounds that were absent in Greek: B, ZH, C, CH, W, etc. And they were placed either next to the letters denoting the most similar sounds (B - next to C, F - next to Z), or at the end of the alphabet. When the Cyrillic alphabet, which was more similar to the Greek letters, was used instead of the Glagolitic alphabet, the alphabetical order as a whole was preserved, although some rare letters in different lists occupy different places, and some are found only in a part of the lists.
The Greek alphabet took its order of letters from the Semitic script. There is a legend about the Phoenician Cadmus, who taught the Greeks to write. Like the Slavs, the Greeks needed additional letters, so at the end of the Greek alphabet we see phi (Φ), chi (Χ), psi (Ψ) and omega (Ω), which were absent from the Phoenicians. By the way, in the early lists these letters are not, the alphabet ends either with an ipslon (Y), or in general with tau (T).
Ultimately, the Latin alphabet also goes back to the same source, which is why the order of the letters in it differs so little from the Russian we are used to. The most, perhaps, noticeable is that in place of G before the letter D (D) we see C (read as "k"). But if you look at the Latin letter G, you can see that it is derived from C (and was produced quite late - that is why the name Guy was shortened by the letter C for a long time - have you ever heard of Julius Caesar's "Kai"?).
But where the order of the letters in the Semitic letter came from is not exactly known. The signs themselves, most likely, did not arise without the influence of Egyptian writing, but the Semites invented the order themselves. Moreover, even before the appearance of the Semitic script proper: it is first found in the Ugaritic script, and it is cuneiform.
If the Europeans simply copied the order of the letters (perhaps in order to preserve, at least mainly, behind the letters, their numerical meanings), then the ancient Indians, who had a good linguistic tradition, having received the Semitic letter at their disposal, arranged the letters in accordance with the pronunciation: first vowels, then consonants, and within these groups the order is also not accidental. And the Indians have come up with separate figures for themselves. Then, through the Arabs, these figures reached Europe, and we know them under the name of "Arab" - but that's another story.
Here's another opinion: The fact is that the current alphabet system comes from the old Russian alphabet. And to memorize it, the method of mental images was used. It's easier to memorize meaningful text than to cram a set of symbols. So this order appeared and no other. Of course, over time, it changed, some letters left, some were added, but the skeleton, so to speak, remained.
“Az buki vede. The verb is good natural. Live green, earth, and like people, think of our chambers. Rtsy the word is firm - uk fart her. Tsy, worm, shta'ra yus yati. "
One of the options for translating this text is as follows:
“I know the letters: the letter is an asset. Work hard, earthlings, as befits reasonable people - comprehend the universe!
Carry the word with conviction: knowledge is a gift from God! Dare, penetrate in order to comprehend the light! "
Or here's something else interesting:
7 by 7 squared
On the first line:
I know God, I say good, so I exist.
On the second line:
Life is plentiful on Earth when the universal truth is from God in the community.
On the third line:
For all thinking people, only He (God) speaks peace.
On the fourth line:
The word, confirmed from above, calls to confidently adhere to the foundations of the wisdom of good in order to complete the path, to come into harmony for a new beginning.
On the fifth line:
Protecting our earth's borders and growing ensures God's protection and our unity.
On the sixth line:
The harmonious development and growth potential of my clan and me, as a part of it, depends on the Supreme source and the history of the clan.
On the seventh line:
The meaning of life is in striving to perfect the spirit and soul until it matures completely into a perfect personality in eternity.
Vertical 1 column:
My life is like a thought clothed in sound, striving for harmony, the smallest particle of reason in the universe.
Column 2:
God creates a solid border around people and directs them to self-improvement.
3 column:
Knowing the Earth and thinking about it call for peace in the spirit of our kind (people).
4 column:
Speaking the truth is our tradition, our protection, a part of our soul. (What is the strength of the brother? - In the Truth!)
5 column:
The good of the Universe is that God the Creator confidently and firmly creates the growth of everything, for the full ripening of the seed.
6 column:
The essence of the existence of human society in peace, calmness, balance, harmony, unity from the Supreme Source to the perfect soul.
7 column:
The existing heavenly Source brings into our world both the beginning of everything and the growth of everything, and the experience of people in time.
Diagonal from top to bottom and from left to right:
I think a lot and the foundation of my creativity is always the supreme Source.
