Construction technologies are developing, but in the area painting works the main tools are still rollers and brushes. We dedicated to rollers, and now let's talk about brushes, their variety and how to use them for various works.
The most common and popular option is the flange paint brushes (CF). They are well known to everyone who, in one way or another, came across the painting of walls, slopes, windows and other surfaces.
The flats are flat, with a spatula, the bristles are securely fixed with a metal cover. Usually the length of the bristles is 60 millimeters. Flat brushes are more convenient to work with, they can be of different sizes, so you can buy several at once in order to paint over the free space with a wide brush, and with thinner ones - window beams or ceiling skirting boards, For example.
The handles of the flange brushes can be plastic or wooden, they are also flat, ergonomic and fit well in the hand. Specialists in painting work note that a flat brush-flute can absorb a fairly large amount of paint, this allows you not to make strokes too often, eliminates the appearance of smudges. Flayz allows you to apply paint in any direction, with the correct technique, there will be no splashes. Such brushes are used with all types of paint, varnish, drying oil, enamels.
Panel brushes (KFK) look opposite to flats. They are round and small in diameter. They are not suitable for painting walls and other large surfaces, usually panel brushes are used where delicate work is needed, for example, for applying stencils to already painted surfaces. In addition, panel brushes can be used to pull panels and paint in hard-to-reach places, a much thicker brush simply won't reach.
Handbrake (CR). Round brushes that come in a variety of diameters, usually 30 to 50 millimeters. Smoothly paint surfaces, can be used for priming, painting narrow places and small areas.
Scrub brush. It is traditionally used for whitewashing, wall washing, and whitewashing. Now such brushes are usually made from linden bark, cleaned of knots and soaked in a container where air did not adhere. The fibers are divided into thin strips and rolled into a brush. The bast brushes hold water or solution well, but it will be very difficult to avoid splashing when working with them.
Oval brush. It is considered professional and novice painters, it is used infrequently. The oval shape allows you to apply strokes both on narrow surfaces and on wide ones. Usually the ratio of the brush is 1: 2, that is, by simply turning it with the side, you can get twice as wide or narrower bristles.
As for the very bristle of paint brushes, it can be natural and artificial. For example, for thin panel brushes, soft bristles are usually used, which are made from the hair of the column or squirrel. The best stiff brushes are those made from semi-spinal or spinal bristles. They spray less beauty and gain more coloring composition. But such brushes made of natural spinal bristles are usually more expensive.
Cheaper brushes made of horsehair, but their pile quickly loses flexibility and falls off, they do not last long. Synthetic fiber is a good option when correct use such a brush, it will last a long time. But artificial brushes hold less paint, it can drip to the floor, the consumption with them is slightly higher.
To check the quality of the bristles, bend it - it should quickly regain its original shape. The hairs should not bristle, they are arranged evenly and evenly. Split ends of the bristles and hair loss immediately after the first bend are unacceptable.
Usually every house has a couple of brushes with which it paints everything: from windows and doors to fences in the country. They also tint batteries and glue wallpaper. Let's see what brushes are and what they are suitable for.
Small brush with a comfortable grip and stiff white bristles 6–18 mm in diameter. Suitable for painting hard-to-reach areas or for drawing lines in decorative work.
The name itself suggests that this brush is intended for coloring batteries. With it, you get to all the seams and bends.
All brushes can be divided into three categories:
If you just bought a brush, wash it before using. hot water with soap - this will remove dust and broken fibers. Then be sure to squeeze it out and dry it.
Leave the brush in water for an hour before painting anything. The bristles will soften and swell and the layers will lay flat. The main thing is not to put the brush in the jar, but hang it, otherwise the bristles may deform.
If you have oil or alkyd based paint, dry the brush well before using.
To prevent the brush from “streaking” or leaving hairs on the surface, work it on brick, concrete or rough plaster before starting work.
If you used oil-based paints, first rinse the brush thoroughly in a solvent (kerosene, turpentine, white spirit), and then rinse with hot water and soap. If the paints are water-based, go straight to hot water.
Tsugunov Anton Valerievich
Reading time: 4 minutes
Many people do not even suspect that paint brushes and repair brushes are simply amazing in their abundance and functionality. Usually only one tool is used in all situations, but is that correct? So, let's take a closer look at what types of brushes are.
Note: Spine bristle brushes are tapered to allow them to pick up more paint and apply it evenly to the surface.
Bristles made of natural fibers are ideal for painting, hold the composition well, applying it in an even layer. It is slightly rough to the touch, which allows it to absorb more paint. This is what distinguishes it from artificial (nylon) hairs.
The synthetic bristles are made of polymers and have a small thickness. Different types modern polymers allow you to achieve the desired stiffness. Nylon polyester bristles are perfect for water-intensive paints, its hairs do not absorb the paint material, nylon repels moisture and retains its original structure. In addition, nylon is better suited for painting the timber without leaving lint on it.
If you take care of your tools and want them to last you as long as possible, then you must follow certain rules for their storage and use. New or out of use paint brushes should be washed with hot water and a little soap to help clean the bristles of dust and broken fibers. After that, the bristles are squeezed out and dried.
Before the immediate start of painting work, it is necessary to soak the bristles so that it absorbs moisture, softens and increases in volume. So in a simple way smoother and more uniform paint application can be achieved.
Before starting painting work, the tool must be developed so that it accepts correct shape... To do this, take a little paint mixture and the brush itself; as a test surface, you must use any rough coating (brick, plaster, concrete). Thus, the hairs will acquire the correct shape for further work... It is better to clean the work surface of all that is superfluous.
It is very important to use the instrument correctly. For example, a round brush on the work surface should be gradually rolled in your hand so that its hairs are erased evenly. In this case, you do not need to press it hard.
There are times when a person is simply physically unable to work through the entire surface. Naturally, he needs rest. During this time, the brush can be left in the paint or immersed in a special solution. If glue, lime, oil and casein solutions are used, then soak the tool in water. With kerosene, turpentine or drying oil compositions, it is recommended to use special solvents.
Very important: You do not need to immerse the brush completely, but only to a depth where the bristles lightly touch the bottom, otherwise the hairs will bend or break, it is best to hang them on a wire or other device.
How do I wash my brushes? To do this, we take kerosene, and then we use water and soap. Such simple procedures must be continued until the water stops staining, remaining clean. At the final stage, we hang them up and dry them. The cleaning process is complete.
Most people are used to saving their resources by using old tools from time immemorial, but this is completely wrong. You only think that you are saving, but you are not. For example, you can paint one surface all day with a small round bristle brush. It is much more profitable to purchase a large flat brush, which will paint an impressive surface in one stroke.
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A small round brush works best for a small work surface. This tool allows you to cover special areas such as round pipes... For hard-to-reach places, it is recommended to use the so-called corner brushes. It is important to remember that, above all, you save time.
Paint brushes are used to apply primer, paint, glue, varnish. Of course, this can be done with any brush. But the question is the quality and laboriousness of the application. Brushes are not different for a reason. And they differ not only in price, but also in size, type of bristle, shape. Natural hair provides higher quality coverage, synthetic brushes are more durable. Depending on the type of work, one or another type of paint brush is chosen.
Flat brush (+ flute)
A flat brush is used for priming, painting and varnishing surfaces, especially if you want to get a smooth glossy surface. A flat brush is often called a flute brush, as it is used for fluting (smoothing) freshly painted surfaces - the brush allows you to remove traces of rough staining and paint drips. For fluting, a dry brush is used to smooth out the paint. The work goes with the very ends of the hair, without pressure, in the direction opposite to the direction of applying the paint. The brush is periodically cleaned of paint. Brush width: 25 - 100 mm.
Radiator Brush
It is a kind of flat brush, but with a long, curved handle. The radiator brush can be used to paint any hard-to-reach area, even through a narrow gap. For this reason, radiator brushes are used when painting heating radiators, outside and inside; pipes and corners; gaps between profiles. The width of the brush can be very different: from 20 to 150 mm.
Hand brush (handbrake)
The brush is round. Designed for painting and priming small surfaces. Before work, to maintain elasticity and shape, the brush is tied up with twine, leaving a pile length of about 3-4 cm. The paint is collected in small portions, lowering the brush by 15-20 mm. As you work, the brush wears out, and the twine turns are unwound, increasing the length of the pile. The brush size varies from 26 to 54 mm.
Fly brush
This brush is also round, but larger than the handbrake. Therefore, it is convenient when working on large areas: walls and ceilings. Using a handwheel brush, you can prime, whitewash and paint the surface. The handle of the brush is made hollow so that, if necessary, it can be attached to the long handle. The swinging hand is also tied up. Brush diameter: 60 - 65 mm.
Brush
Like a fly brush, a maklovitsa - big size... Its large area bundle easily covers large areas. Like the fly brush, it can be extended with a long handle to increase productivity. Maklovitsy are rectangular and round. They are used to apply aqueous solutions, and for oil paint it doesn't fit. Brush size: 100 - 200 mm.
Paneled brush
Designed for "jewelry" work: applying a narrow strip of paint (panels) and painting small hard-to-reach areas. Most of all, it resembles a large brush for painting. Brush diameter: 6 - 18 mm.
All sizes
The size of the brush is also chosen in accordance with the tasks. Wide brushes are designed for large areas, narrow - for small or narrow areas. 
For this reason, for outdoor work on a large area, as well as for walls and ceilings indoors, they take brushes 8-10 cm wide, for processing corners - 5 cm with beveled edges, for decorative details, window frames and baseboards - 3-6 cm.
Brushes are made in accordance with GOST 10597-87.
Brushes are resistant to solvents: acetone - at least 8 hours; solvents 646, 647 - at least 1 hour. Temperature limit of brush bunches resistance is not less than plus 70 degrees Celsius.
The guaranteed shelf life of brushes is 12 months from the date of manufacture.
Working part width: 25, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 90, 100 mm, working part thickness 6, 10 and 14 mm.
Designed for processing (fluting) freshly painted surfaces by smoothing brush marks and obtaining a smooth glossy surface.
The working part consists of a bunch of pork bristles (OST 17-98-86) fixed in a tinplate (GOST 13345-85) bunch. The handle is made of birch (GOST 2695-83).
A type of flange brush, it has a longer handle, and the clip has a bend. It is thanks to this that it is easier to paint hard-to-reach places with a radiator brush, it is especially convenient when painting heating radiators, sectional structures, remote corners, quarters and other non-straight structures.
Working part width: 25, 40, 50 mm, thickness 6 mm.
Painting brushes made of natural bristle. Brushes are made in accordance with GOST 10597-87. Designed for priming and painting surfaces. The working part consists of a clip and a bunch of bristles (SHM) or horsehair (KM). Epoxy resin (GOST 20907-75) is used to fix the pile bundle. Tinplate holder (GOST 13345-85). Round handle, chiseled and polished, made of birch (GOST 2595-83).
KP series: horsehair is fixed in a polypropylene clip. Round handle, chiseled and polished, made of birch.
Working part diameter: 25, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70 mm.
Brushes are made in accordance with GOST 10597-87. Designed for priming, painting and varnishing surfaces. The working part consists of a bunch of pork bristles (OST 17-98-86) fixed in a tinplate (GOST 13345-85) bunch. The handle is made of birch (GOST 2695-83).
