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federal authorities- - [A.S. Goldberg. The English Russian Energy Dictionary. 2006] Topics energy in general EN federal authorities ... Technical translator's guide
In the Russian Federation there are federal ministries, state committees, government services, etc. See also: Federal executive bodies State bodies Russian Federation Financial dictionary Finam ... Financial vocabulary
Federal government bodies ()- The president Russian Federation, The State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, other federal state bodies provided for by the Constitution of the Russian Federation and directly elected by citizens of the Russian ... ... Dictionary of Legal Concepts
Federal executive authorities- (English federal executive bodies) in the Russian Federation, executive bodies exercising executive power on behalf of the Federation in accordance with their competence. In the system of F.O. and.v. includes ... Encyclopedia of Law
Federal government bodies- (English federal governmental bodies) according to the legislation of the Russian Federation on guarantees of electoral rights and the right to participate in a referendum, the President of the Russian Federation ... Encyclopedia of Law
FEDERAL STATE AUTHORITIES- The President of the Russian Federation, the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, other legal entities stipulated by the Constitution of the Russian Federation and directly elected by the citizens of the Russian Federation in accordance with ... Legal encyclopedia
The article presents a list of the federal executive bodies of Russia, acting after the administrative reform of 2004, and their heads (except for ministries and ministers who are part of ... ... Wikipedia
The article presents a list of the federal executive bodies of Russia, operating after the administrative reform of 2004, and their heads (except for ministries and ministers who are externally part of the Government ... ... Wikipedia
Federal government bodies- 48) federal government bodies (federal government bodies) the President of the Russian Federation, the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, other federal government bodies, ... ... Official terminology
Federal authorities are the authorities exercising powers at the federal level.
The horizontal constitutional system of federal bodies of state power is formed by: a) the Federal Assembly - the parliament of the Russian Federation - the representative and legislative body of state power; b) the President, the Government and other executive bodies of the Russian Federation and c) federal courts (the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, the system of arbitration courts of Russia and the system of courts of general jurisdiction, except for justices of the peace who belong to the courts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation),
The legislative power in the Russian Federation is represented by the highest legislative body: the Federal Assembly, which consists of two chambers: the State Duma and the Federation Council. Power is exercised by the adoption of laws binding on everyone on the territory of the Russian Federation.
The executive power in the Russian Federation is represented by a system of federal executive bodies. Powerful powers are exercised by making decisions, decrees, and other by-laws. In addition to the one specified in the Constitution of the Government of the Russian Federation, there are other federal executive bodies - federal ministries, federal services, federal agencies, as well as their territorial bodies. The system of federal executive bodies directly subordinate to the Government of the Russian Federation is approved by the President of the Russian Federation.
The President of the Russian Federation is the head of state, the guarantor of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and ensures the coordinated functioning and interaction of government bodies. In the system of federal bodies, it is placed in the first place and is not directly attributed to any of the main branches of government.
As in any state, in the Russian Federation there are government bodies that are not part of any of the three powers - legislative, executive and judicial. At the same time, these bodies are created and operate in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation and federal laws. By their status, they are independent government bodies. These bodies include the following federal government bodies:
1. The Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation. This is a single federal centralized system of bodies that, on behalf of the Russian Federation, oversee the implementation of laws in force on its territory. The prosecutor's office is regulated by the Constitution of the Russian Federation in Art. 129, found in chap. 7 "Judiciary". However, this position in the Constitution is rather a tribute to the traditional approach, which considered the prosecutor's office in close connection with the activities of the judiciary. But the prosecutor's office is not a judicial body, and one of its main functions - supervision over the observance of human rights and freedoms, over the execution of laws, etc. - is not directly related to the activities of the judiciary. In addition, the prosecutor's office takes part in law-making activities, coordinates the activities of law enforcement agencies in combating crime and criminal prosecution, as well as a number of other functions.
The prosecutor's office operates on the basis of the Federal Law "On the Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation" of November 17, 1995, which, in particular, prohibits anyone from interfering in the conduct of prosecutorial activities. The Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation is appointed and dismissed by the Federation Council of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation on the proposal of the President of the Russian Federation. Financing and material and technical support of the bodies and institutions of the prosecutor's office are carried out at the expense of the federal budget. The prosecutor's office cannot be entrusted with the performance of functions not provided for by federal laws. The Prosecutor General annually submits to the chambers of the Federal Assembly a report on the state of law and order in the Russian Federation and on the work done to strengthen them, which, however, cannot be considered as establishing full accountability of the prosecutor's office.
2. Central Bank of the Russian Federation. The status of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation is determined by the Constitution and the Federal Law "On the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (Bank of Russia)" dated April 26, 1995 (with amendments and additions). The Constitution of the Russian Federation (parts 1 and 2 of Art. 75) establishes that the emission of money is carried out exclusively by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation. Its main function is to protect and ensure the stability of the ruble, and it performs this function independently of other government bodies. The Bank of Russia is not subordinate to the Government of the Russian Federation, although it acts in cooperation with it. He is accountable to the State Duma, which appoints and dismisses from office, on the proposal of the President of the Russian Federation, the Chairman of the Bank, as well as members of the Board of Directors. The Bank submits to the State Duma for consideration an annual report, as well as an audit report.
At the same time, the Law states that, within the limits of its powers, the Bank of Russia is independent in its activities. Federal bodies of state power, bodies of state power of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and bodies local government have no right to interfere with the Bank's activities to implement its legally enshrined functions and powers. Normative acts The Bank of Russia is binding on federal government bodies, government bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local government bodies, all legal entities and individuals.
All these norms create a unique status for the Bank of Russia. The bank is created and in certain forms controlled by the State Duma, but, of course, does not belong to the legislative branch. It is also not an executive authority. It is an autonomous body of state power, which, within its competence, does not depend on either the President of the Russian Federation, or the Federal Assembly, or the Government of the Russian Federation.
Only the Federal Law can amend the status of the Bank, which, in particular, was done by the Federal Law of June 20, 1996, which established the deadlines for the submission to the State Duma of the draft main directions of the unified state monetary policy for the coming year and these main directions themselves. (respectively, no later than October 1 and December 2).
3. The Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation is a permanent body of state financial control, formed by the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation and accountable to it. According to the Federal Law "On the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation" dated January 11, 1995, within the framework of his tasks. The Accounts Chamber has organizational and functional independence. This body, provided for by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, exercises control over the execution of income and expenditure items of the federal budget and the budgets of federal extra-budgetary funds, determines the effectiveness and expediency of spending state funds and federal property, etc. the second half of the auditors is the Federation Council. The functions of the Accounts Chamber are wide enough, no state authority has the right to deny it the required information, audits and inspections. Its prescriptions are binding.
The Accounts Chamber regularly submits to the Federation Council and the State Duma information on the implementation of the federal budget and on the results of control measures. It interacts with the control bodies of the President of the Russian Federation, the Government of the Russian Federation, the Bank of Russia, not being by its nature a body of legislative or executive power.
It should be noted that the limits of interaction of the Accounts Chamber with the executive and judicial authorities have not yet been identified with sufficient clarity. Due to the collision of the federal laws themselves, the powers of the Accounts Chamber are in conflict with the independent status of the Government of the Russian Federation, the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation and the Supreme Arbitration Court of the Russian Federation, based on the principle of separation of powers. Financial control and audit checks by the Accounts Chamber are not without reason perceived by these bodies as a violation of their independence and inadmissible, according to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, control of the legislative body over its internal activities. As a result, a number of incidents arose that prompted the State Duma to protest against the ignorance by the Government of the Russian Federation of the findings and recommendations of the Accounts Chamber based on the results of audits and inspections. However, there is still no effective mechanism to ensure these conclusions and recommendations.
4. The Central Election Commission acts on a permanent basis in accordance with the Federal Law "On Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights of Citizens of the Russian Federation" dated December 6, 1994. This body manages the activities of election commissions for the election of the President of the Russian Federation, deputies The State Duma Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, as well as on the conduct of referendums of the Russian Federation.
The Central Election Commission consists of 15 members appointed by the State Duma, the Federation Council and the President of the Russian Federation (5 members each of these bodies). The instructions and explanations issued by the commission are mandatory for all election commissions in the Russian Federation, and in fact are of a normative nature, regulating practically all areas of preparation and conduct of elections.
The special status of the Central Election Commission is also manifested in the complete absence of control and accountability in relation to any government body.
5. Commissioner for Human Rights. This body of state power is provided for by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, which establishes that the Ombudsman is appointed and dismissed by the State Duma. The rights and tasks of this official are determined by the Federal Constitutional Law, dated February 26, 1997. The Commissioner is called upon to provide guarantees of state protection of the rights and freedoms of citizens, from which it follows that in the exercise of functions he must remain independent and not accountable to any state bodies and officials ...
6. Academy of Sciences. In accordance with the Federal Law "On Science and State Scientific and Technical Policy" dated August 23, 1996, the Russian Academy of Sciences, sectoral academies of sciences (Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Russian Academy of Education, Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences, Russian Academy of Arts) have state status, are established by federal authorities, and are financed from the federal budget.
The Russian Academy of Sciences and branch academies of sciences include scientific organizations and other institutions and enterprises of scientific services and the social sphere.
Structure Russian Academy sciences and branch academies of sciences, the procedure for the activities and financing of the scientific organizations of the scientific services that are part of them are determined by them independently. The work of the academies is directed by elected presidiums and presidents, academies are created, reorganized and abolished on the proposal of the Government of the Russian Federation by the legislative bodies of the Russian Federation. At the same time, they are recognized as self-governing organizations operating on the basis of the legislation of the Russian Federation and their own charters. The Academies submit to the President of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Russian Federation reports on the conducted scientific research and their results.
Numerous other academies, which are varieties of public associations, have nothing in common with academies that have state status.
Thus, the horizontal constitutional system of federal bodies of state power is formed by: a) the Federal Assembly - the parliament of the Russian Federation - the representative and legislative body of state power; b) the President, the Government and other executive bodies of the Russian Federation and c) federal courts (the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, the system of arbitration courts of Russia and the system of courts of general jurisdiction, except for justices of the peace who belong to the courts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation),
In the Russian Federation, federal government bodies are the highest government bodies. Federal government consists of three branches: executive, legislative and judicial. The President also belongs to these authorities.
In Russia, the President has a leading position in power structures. He is the top of the federal government, being at the same time the guarantor of the Constitution, the head of state and the main link between the branches of government. However, he does not belong to any of them.
The legislative bodies are composed of the Federation Council and the State Duma. Together they form the Federal Assembly. It is the drafter of laws that must be enforced throughout the country.
The executive branch is formed by federal state executive bodies. Their powers include the issuance of decrees, decisions and other acts of a subordinate nature. The main body of executive power in Russia is the Government of Russia. Sectoral divisions of the executive branch are subordinate to him: federal services, ministries, agencies and their territorial offices. All these bodies are approved by the President of Russia.
The judiciary is comprised of federal courts. These are the Supreme Court of Russia, the Constitutional Court of Russia and other federal bodies. Their responsibility is to ensure justice.
The Central Bank does not belong to the federal state bodies of the Russian Federation.
The President of Russia has a list of powers that differ from that in other countries. Presidential power in Russia stands out as a special category of power. In our country, the President has broader powers of authority. They are spelled out in the Constitution of the Russian Federation, and the passage of elections is regulated by Federal Law 19-F3 "On Presidential Elections."
The head of the Russian Federation relies on the authorities close to him. One of them is the Security Council of the Russian Federation. He influences the domestic and foreign policy of the state and deals with national security. The President is also in charge of this structure. He is the chairman of the Security Council. The Security Council holds meetings at which all decisions are made by voting, after which they are certified by the minutes and signed by the President.
The Security Council also holds meetings. They are held once a week with the participation of the chairman. Interdepartmental commissions act as working bodies. The composition of these commissions is approved by the Secretary of the Security Council. The members of the Council are approved by the President.
Another such structure is the State Council of the Russian Federation. This body is designed to help the President in the implementation of his powers in matters of interaction between government bodies. The State Council holds meetings. They take place once every 3 months. The decisions made are in the nature of recommendations. The State Council can initiate the creation of working groups, where scientists and other specialists can be involved.
The range of functions of the country's highest official:
Protection of the Constitution and its strict observance is one of the main directions of the President's activities.
The Federal Assembly is the legislature and makes federal laws. It consists of the State Duma and the Federation Council. The State Duma includes 450 deputies from various factions who are elected during the all-Russian elections. The Federation Council includes 178 legislators. It includes representatives of all constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
The State Duma works separately from the Federation Council.
One of the main tasks of the Federal Assembly is to approve the country's budget, which is prepared by the Government of the Russian Federation. At the same time, the Duma is considering the budget, which is then sent in the form of a federal law for approval to the Federation Council.
A specific feature of the powers of the State Duma is the adoption of various federal laws. This process usually takes place in 3 stages called readings. The first is a general discussion of the draft law and conceptual aspects. On the second, a more detailed analysis of all articles of the bill is carried out. At the third stage, a vote is taken for or against the adoption of the law under discussion. It is no longer possible to make any changes to the law at this stage.
For the law to be adopted, more than 50% of the deputies must vote for it. If a constitutional law is adopted, then this figure is higher - at least 2/3 of the number of participants.
After the adoption by the State Duma, the law must be approved by the Federation Council, and only in this case it acquires legal force. An insufficiently elaborated or inappropriate law in the current situation may be rejected. For the approval of the law by the Federation Council, it must be supported by a majority (more than half) of the members of the chamber. If the Federation Council does not consider this law within two weeks, then it will be adopted automatically, with the exception of laws of particular importance.
The State Duma can initiate the early resignation of the President, and if this initiative is approved by the Federation Council, the head of the country will be obliged to resign. The grounds for resignation can be intentional sabotage, espionage, bribes, flagrant abuse of office, war crimes, etc.
The government belongs to the executive branch of the federal public service and consists of a chairman, deputy chairmen and ministers. The government is responsible for the development of the country's federal budget, the draft of which is submitted for approval to the State Duma. It can make decisions on federal spending, including those related to the social sphere.
Terms of reference of the Government:
In the Russian Federation, federal government bodies also include the judicial system. Their main task is to ensure justice. The main branches of the country's federal judicial system are: the Supreme Court, the Constitutional Court, and the Supreme Arbitration Court.
Thus, the federal state bodies of Russia are components of the executive, legislative and the judiciary... Each of them is endowed with its own individual powers and performs the functions prescribed by the Constitution.
Russian governing bodies.
Administrative power is an organizational initiative of the rule of law.
The state apparatus has become the highest administrative body in the country.
In its practical activities, the country's leadership relies on the Constitution, FKZ No. 2 from 17
December 1997
of the year.
The Administration includes:
Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation;
His assistants 7
Human;
Federal ministers.
He is appointed to the post by the head of state with the direct consent of the State Duma. He submits for signature to the Supreme Commander-in-Chief a developed and approved list of administrative bodies of power.
The administration also helps the country's leadership to manage the executive bodies in accordance with the issued order of the head of state from 9
Martha 2004
of the year. The administrative state authorities include:
- state departments
- government agency
- federal agencies
The division took place according to the following functional principle:
- Departments engaged in the development of applied programs aimed at the qualitative improvement of people's lives;
- institutions oversee the construction of residential buildings, and also deal with special tasks in the field of civil defense, state security, monitoring illegal immigrants and spies crossing the borders of our vast homeland, fighting banditry, protecting public order;
- Agencies specialize in providing feasible financial assistance to citizens, manage state property of officials, deal with financial claims of citizens.
The composition of the authorities is determined by order of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief No. 649
from 20
May 2004
of the year. And presented 3
blocks:
The first block Political authorities under the personal control of the president:
Ministry of Internal Affairs - police;
FMS - Migration Service;
Ministry of Emergency Situations - Min. RF for civil defense, emergencies and disaster relief;
MFA - diplomacy;
Ministry of Defense;
FSMTS - service for military cooperation;
Ros defense order;
FSTEC - control service;
Special build;
Ministry of Justice - justice;
FSIN;
Ros register;
FSSP;
Administrative Department under the President of Russia
The second block of the Ministry and department:
Min health social. development;
Consumer supervision grew;
Grew healthy supervision;
Labor grew;
FMBA - biological agency;
Ministry of Culture;
The archive grew;
Min arr. Sciences;
Mine of nature;
Roshydromet;
Natural supervision grew;
Dewater resources;
Subsoil was growing;
Ministry of Industrial Trade;
Ros standard;
Ministry of Regional Development;
Mikom connection;
Growing supervision;
The press was growing;
Ros Svyaz - Federal Communications Agency;
Ministry of Agriculture;
Agricultural supervision grew;
Ministry of Sports Tourism;
The youth grew;
Tourism grew;
Ministry of Transport;
Transport supervision grew;
Ros aviation;
Highways grew;
Railways grew;
The sea river fleet grew;
Ministry of Finance;
FTS tax authorities;
Financial supervision grew;
Treasury Department;
Ministry of Economic Development;
Growing stat .;
Ros register;
The reserve grew;
Property grew;
Ministry of Energy.
Third block Oversight committees and departments:
FAS;
FCS;
FTS;
Financial control grew;
FFMS;
Space grew;
The border grew;
Fisheries grew;
Alcohol regulation grew;
Ros technical supervision;
Ros leshoz;
The patent grew.
The composition itself is given in the order of the President under the input number 943, the state apparatus number 788 dated 16.07. 2008
of the year.
Regulation of interaction between departments. Prescribed in special clauses of the code, approved personally by the President of Russia. The government can appoint assistants and heads of departments. The Chairman appoints the Assistant Directors in federal districts... The personnel distribution of forces is carried out personally by the President of Russia.
They can create self-government. The order of their work is spelled out in a special charter. It is approved by the government 28
july 2005
of the year. For incoming number 452.
Municipalities are increasingly appearing in large and medium-sized cities of the country. The plan of the new municipality is first presented for discussion by the administration of the city district. Then the mayor submits the approved plan to the State Duma or higher authorities. The plan, together with the memo, which indicates the main issues facing the city district; basic data on geographical location and of course the basic calculations of the project cost. Despite the question, in whose competence is the municipality.
The order on the establishment of the municipality is signed by the director of the committee himself. The order spells out the working conditions of the municipal authorities. How they will work and interact with other regions of the country will depend on their effectiveness. Per Good work the council itself is solely responsible for the director.
The foregoing testifies to the fact that at present there is a process of convergence of the functions and powers of the head of state with the functions and powers of the head of the executive branch.
The executive power of the Russian Federation is exercised by the Government of the Russian Federation. It is the highest executive body of state power of the Russian Federation, heading the unified system of executive power.
The legal basis for the activities of the Government of the Russian Federation is the Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal constitutional laws, federal laws and normative decrees of the President of the Russian Federation, as well as the law "On the Government of the Russian Federation" dated December 17, 1997 with amendments and additions introduced in the same year.
The Government of the Russian Federation is a collegial body consisting of the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation, Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation and federal ministers.
Prime Minister RF is appointed and dismissed by the RF President. The appointment of the Chairman of the Government is carried out with the consent of the State Duma. Dismissal from office is possible at the request of the Chairman of the resignation, as well as in case of impossibility of the Chairman of the Government to exercise his powers.
The candidacy of the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation is submitted no later than two weeks after the newly elected President of the Russian Federation takes office or after the resignation of the Government of the Russian Federation, or within a week from the date of rejection of the candidacy by the State Duma.
The State Duma considers the candidacy of the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation nominated by the President of the Russian Federation within a week from the date of submission of the proposal for the candidacy.
After a threefold rejection of the proposed candidates for the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation by the State Duma, the President of the Russian Federation appoints the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation, dissolves the State Duma and appoints new elections.
The Chairman of the Government shall, no later than a week after appointment, submit to the President of the Russian Federation proposals on the structure of federal executive bodies; proposes to the President of the Russian Federation candidates for the positions of Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Federation and federal ministers; in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal laws and decrees of the President of the Russian Federation, determines the main directions of the Government's activities and organizes its work (Article 112,113 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation).
Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Federation coordinate the work of federal executive bodies, give them instructions and control their activities; preliminary consideration of proposals, draft resolutions and orders submitted to the Government of the Russian Federation.
Federal ministers as members of the Government, participate in the consideration and discussion of all issues at its meetings, while having the right to vote.
Powers of the Government of the Russian Federation are enshrined in the Constitution of the Russian Federation (Article 114), federal laws and Decrees of the President of the Russian Federation.
1. The Government of the Russian Federation:
a) develops and submits the federal budget to the State Duma and ensures its implementation; submits to the State Duma a report on the execution of the federal budget;
b) ensures the implementation of a unified financial, credit and monetary policy in the Russian Federation;
v) ensures the implementation in the Russian Federation of a unified state policy in the field of culture, science, education, health care, social security, ecology;
G) manages federal property;
e) takes measures to ensure the country's defense, state security, implementation foreign policy RF;
e) takes measures to ensure the rule of law, the rights and freedoms of citizens, the protection of property and public order, the fight against crime;
g) exercises other powers assigned to him by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal laws, decrees of the President of the Russian Federation.
The procedure for the activity of the Government of the Russian Federation is determined by federal constitutional laws.
The government in its activities is guided by a number of principles, To which in particular include:
The supremacy of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal constitutional laws and federal laws;
The principle of democracy;
The principle of separation of powers;
The principle of responsibility;
The principle of publicity;
The principle of ensuring human and civil rights and freedoms.
The Government of the Russian Federation issues decrees and orders, ensures their implementation.
The cases and procedure for the resignation of the Government of the Russian Federation are provided for by Art. 117 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and Art. 35 of the federal constitutional law "On the Government of the Russian Federation".
The government of the Russian Federation resigns its powers to the newly elected President of the Russian Federation.
The government of the Russian Federation can submit its resignation, which is accepted or rejected by the President of the Russian Federation.
The President of the Russian Federation can decide on the resignation of the Government of the Russian Federation.
The State Duma may express no confidence in the Government of the Russian Federation. A resolution of no confidence in the Government of the Russian Federation is adopted by a majority vote of the total number of deputies of the State Duma. After the State Duma expresses no confidence in the Government of the Russian Federation, the President of the Russian Federation has the right to announce the resignation of the Government of the Russian Federation or disagree with the decision of the State Duma. If the State Duma within three months re-expresses no confidence in the Government of the Russian Federation, the President of the Russian Federation announces the resignation of the Government or dissolves the State Duma.
The Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation can raise the issue of confidence in the Government of the Russian Federation before the State Duma. If the State Duma refuses to trust, the President, within seven days, makes a decision on the resignation of the Government of the Russian Federation or on the dissolution of the State Duma and the appointment of new elections.
In the event of resignation or resignation, the Government of the Russian Federation, on behalf of the President of the Russian Federation, continues to operate until the formation of a new Government of the Russian Federation.
Dismissal of the Chairman of the Government at the same time entails the resignation of the Government.
With regard to executive authorities subjects of the Russian Federation The Government of the Russian Federation, in order to ensure the combination of interests of the Russian Federation and the constituent entities of the Russian Federation on the subjects of joint jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, coordinates and controls the activities of the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation; submits proposals to the President of the Russian Federation to suspend the acts of the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the event of their contradiction with the Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal laws, international obligations of the Russian Federation or violation of human and civil rights and freedoms.
The Government of the Russian Federation, within the limits of its powers, resolves disputes and eliminates disagreements between the federal executive authorities and the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. To resolve disputes and eliminate disagreements, conciliation commissions are created from representatives of the interested parties.
The main organizational form of activity of the Government of the Russian Federation is its meetings, which are held at least once a month. Deputy Prime Ministers and federal ministers participate in meetings in person. If personal participation is impossible, the Prime Minister is informed.
The heads of the General Prosecutor's Office, the Central Bank, the President of the Russian Academy of Sciences, representatives of the chambers of the Federal Assembly, the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court, the Supreme Arbitration Court, the Accounts Chamber and other persons in accordance with the legislation or in the manner prescribed by the Government have the right to participate in meetings of the Government.
The Government may consider certain issues at its closed sessions.
Preparation and holding of meetings is carried out in accordance with the Regulations of the Government of the Russian Federation, where the issues of forming a plan of government meetings, the procedure for submitting documents for their consideration at government meetings, and the procedure for formalizing decisions taken at meetings are considered with the necessary detail.
The government informs citizens through the mass media about the issues considered at the meetings, as well as the decisions taken on these issues.
At the suggestion of the Prime Minister, to resolve operational issues, a Presidium of the Government of the Russian Federation. Its meetings are held as needed. Decisions of the Presidium are adopted by a majority vote of the total number of its members and must not contradict acts adopted at a meeting of the Government. The Government has the right to cancel any decision of the Presidium.
To ensure the activities of the Government and organize control over the implementation by the executive authorities of the decisions taken by the Government, the Government Office is formed. It is headed by the Chief of Staff - Deputy Prime Minister or Federal Minister.
Government Office consists of a number of structural units - departments(e.g. economics, finance, social development, civil service and personnel, etc.), directorates(for example, office work, legal, organizational and social security, protocol), secretariat Prime Minister and secretariats Deputy Prime Minister.
The Government of the Russian Federation participates in legislative activity by introducing bills and amendments to bills pending in the Duma.
In addition to laws and amendments to the bills under consideration, the Government gives written opinions on bills on the introduction or abolition of taxes, on exemption from their payment, on the issue of government loans, etc.
Conclusions, amendments and official responses are signed by the Prime Minister or one of his deputies.
For presentation in the chambers of the Federal Assembly of the bill submitted by the Government, it is appointed official representative Governments.
Members of the Government are obliged, at the invitation of the chambers of the Federal Assembly, to attend meetings and answer questions from members of the Federation Council and deputies of the State Duma.
The committees and commissions of the chambers of the Federal Assembly have the right to send written applications on issues of their jurisdiction by members of the Government and heads of federal executive bodies.
The responses on the results of consideration of written applications and on the measures taken are reported within the time frame agreed with the committees and commissions.
In accordance with the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of August 14, 1996 "On the system of federal executive bodies" system of federal executive bodies of the Russian Federation now they are ministries (federal ministries), state committees, federal commissions, federal services, Russian agencies, federal supervisors and other bodies.
1. Federal ministries (ministries of the Russian Federation)- are the main link in the system of federal executive bodies, conducting state policy and exercising control in the established area of activity, as well as coordinating the activities in this area of other federal executive bodies.
Federal ministries manage directly under their jurisdiction state-owned enterprises and institutions.
The Federal Ministry is headed by the Minister of the Russian Federation (Federal Minister) who is part of the Government of the Russian Federation. Federal ministers are appointed and dismissed by the President of the Russian Federation. Deputy federal ministers are appointed and dismissed by the Government of the Russian Federation.
2. State committees of the Russian Federation - These are federal executive bodies that, on a collegial basis, carry out cross-sectoral coordination on issues within their jurisdiction, as well as functional regulation in a certain area of activity. Their difference from federal ministries is the collegial nature of the bodies and the emphasis of their main attention on the implementation of intersectoral coordination. However, by and large, the differences between them are not so significant. The State Committee of the Russian Federation is headed by a chairman who is appointed and dismissed from office (as well as his deputies) by the Government of the Russian Federation.
3. Federal Commissions of Russia. These are federal executive bodies, which, in terms of their administrative and legal status, are fully equated to state committees RF.
Currently, there are two federal commissions: the Federal Energy Commission of the Russian Federation and the Federal Commission for the Securities Market.
The Federal Energy Commission, for example, is called upon to regulate the activities of natural monopoly entities in the fuel and energy complex, as well as to carry out state regulation of prices and tariffs for electricity and thermal energy etc.
The Federal Commission of Russia is headed by the Chairman of the Federal Commission of Russia.
4. Federal services.
These include the following federal services:
State courier;
Foreign Intelligence;
Archival;
Geodesy and Cartography;
Railway troops;
Land Registry;
Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring;
Security;
Financial recovery and bankruptcy;
Border;
Special construction.
The Federal Service of Russia is headed by the head (director) of the Federal Service of Russia.
5. Russian agencies. They are characterized as bodies similar to federal services, i.e. without the necessary functional certainty.
The system of Russian agencies is as follows:
Russian Agency for Patents and Trademarks;
Russian Space Agency;
Federal Agency for Government Communications and Information under the President of the Russian Federation;
For ammunition;
On patents and trademarks;
For conventional weapons, etc.
Many of them actually act as line ministries, managing subordinate state-owned enterprises.
6. Federal supervision of Russia.
Currently, there are two federal executive bodies of this type:
Federal Mining and Industrial Supervision of Russia (Gosgortekhnadzor);
- Federal Nuclear and Radiation Safety Supervision of Russia (Gosatomnadzor). The functions and powers of federal supervision are related to the implementation of specialized control and supervision, i.e. law enforcement, activities.
7. Other federal executive bodies.
Main Directorate of Special Programs of the President of the Russian Federation;
State Technical Commission under the President of the Russian Federation;
Administrative Department of the President of the Russian Federation.
The decree establishes a list of bodies, the activities of which are supervised by the President of the Russian Federation:
1. Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation;
2. Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Elimination of the Consequences of Natural Disasters;
3. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation;
4. Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation;
5. Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation;
6. Federal Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation;
7. Federal Railway Troops Service of the Russian Federation;
8. Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation;
9. Federal Security Service;
10. Federal Border Service of the Russian Federation;
11. Federal Service for Special Construction of the Russian Federation;
12. Federal Agency for Government Communications and Information under the President of the Russian Federation and bodies from the group "Other Federal Executive Bodies".
The President of the Russian Federation approves, on the proposal of the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation, regulations on these bodies, appoints and dismisses their leaders.
