Even if the house is equipped with a centralized water supply, the well will not be excesses, as watering the flower beds or a vegetable garden with tap water is quite expensive, and in case of disconnection it will be a good help. At the cottage, it is generally the only source of water. Copper wells is a difficult thing, but feasible. Even if you decide to attract a special brigade to this case, you will still have to control them. You need to know how to dig a well with your own hands on the country site.
The most reliable way is to appeal for hydrogeological research. You will point exactly where it is best to dull a well made of concrete rings plus an analysis of the water that will be in the future well. But this service is not cheap and can be filled with only if the water in the well is used as a drinking, that is, near the house with a constant habitat in it. In the country area, its necessity is intended mainly for technical needs, and for drinking can only be cleaned only to the house.
If you are going to do without research, then you need to focus on some signs:
These methods are only an approximate determination of the place of deposits of aquifer, where you can dig the wells from concrete rings. None of them gives 100% warranty, but in the case of using several methods, you can define a more or less accurate location and it is worth trying to dig a well in this place.
The well to dig twice a year most favorably: either in the second half of August, or in the middle of winter - after two weeks of frost. In these two periods, the lowest level of groundwater and the rigor is practically no happening. This will greatly facilitate the work, in addition, determine the flow rate will be much easier - in these periods it is at a minimum and in the future you will not have a lack of water.
If you decide to hold a well of a well or dug your well with your own hands, in August may not be enough time, as it is a "border zone" in front of the rainy season. In this case, it is necessary to start early. Maybe even at the beginning of the month. In general, you need to calculate the time of work in such a way that the exit to the aquifer accounted for the most "anhydrous" period. Ideally, it is desirable to still figure out the waterproofing of the walls.
The most popular is the design of the well made of concrete rings. Its popularity is explained by his simplicity. But at the same time, it possesses quite serious shortcomings: his joints with concrete rings are distinguished by rather weak tightness and rain and thawed water can fall into the well, and there is also something dissolved in it, and what drowned.
The kershes can be used to take it, but the most effective methods do not apply: water should be suitable at least watering. And the magazine compounds with a solution is quite inefficient and short-lived. Over time, the gaps are expanding and not only melting or rainwater can already fall through them, but also insects, worms, animals and so on.
There are special rings with a lock. Between them you can install rubber gaskets that will ensure tightness. Rings with locks on sale. Although their price is much higher, but the pads for them to find almost impossible, like well-equipped wells.
How to dig a well in the country with your own hands? There are two methods Copmes well made of concrete rings: alternate installation of the rings and their installation after the aquifer is reached. Both methods are applied, just at different depths and both have their drawbacks.
Alternate setting rings. In this case, the first ring is installed on a soil, which is slowly removed from the inside and under the side. The ring gradually lowers. Very important point: you need to carefully close it to fall strictly down, without distortion. Otherwise, the mine will come out inclined and over time the rings stops. So that there is no skew to follow the vertical of the walls. To carry out this, you just need to bind a plumb to the bar, after which the bar is put on the ring. For additional control to use the construction level.
As soon as the top edge of the rings is painted with the ground level, set the following. It is installed strictly from above. Work continues. If on the first ring the ground can be transferred through the board with a shovel with a short handle, then on the following soil will have to be removed using a gate or a block and tripods. Based on this, we can conclude that the work should be carried out in the composition of at least two people, and in order to spoke the rings will be required at least 3-4 people. Thus, self-empty (one person) is impossible. Is it necessary to adapt the winch for this.
The following method is gradually increasing the depth of the well. Once the ring reaches one level with a soil, a new one is installed on it. For the descent, driven staples either, either, the most secure and correct way is the use of brackets).
Pros of this method Copmer Well:
These were advantages. Let's talk about shortcomings. Work inside the ring is quite uncomfortable and is physically difficult. This method is applied, as a rule, for a small depth - 7-8 meters. Work in the mine should be made in turn.
Another point: During the well, the well with rings to speed up the sedimentation process and facilitate the passage of the soil, you can use a knife. It is made of concrete, he is poured into the ground at the very beginning. In order to make it in a circle, the groove is digging, which has a triangular shape in the section (see Figure). Its inner diameter should coincide with the inner diameter of the rings that will be used in the process, the outer is somewhat larger. After the concrete hardens, the standard is installed on this ring and proceed to work.
The structure of the knife
Setting the rings after reaching the aquifer. Initially, you need to dig a mine without rings. At the same time it is necessary to monitor the walls. As soon as the first signs of squeezing begin to manifest, the rings immediately install and continue to work on the first method. With the help of a crane or manipulator, rings are placed in the mine. After that, they deepen another rings in the first way, increasing the flow rate.
The soil is removed from the mine in the same way: while the depth is not very big, it is simply thrown by a shovel. After that, they set the tripod and gates and raise the buckets with the help. Once the rings are installed between the gap between them and the walls of the mine fall asleep and tamper. Several upper rings can be sealing from outside (for this you can use bitumen impregnation or other coating waterproofing).
Pros of this method:
Minuses are much larger:
During the work, you need to follow the verticality of the walls, but it can be corrected before a certain limit. The control method is the same - the bar with a plunder attached to it and lowered in the mine.
According to the technology, the soil is removed inside the ring and under it. Because of what he settles under his own weight. The soil that is removed and will be a guide. Usually water is between two waterproof layers. Often it is clay or limestone.
The aquifer is usually sand. It happens like a small, kind of marine, or large with inclusions of small pebbles. Most often there are several such layers. As soon as sand goes, it means that it is necessary to expect water soon. As soon as it is shown on the bottom, you need to dig for some time, removing the wet soil.
In the event that there is a strong flow of water can be stopped. The aquifer is not very big, since there is a chance to pass it through. In this case, you will have to dig until the next. The deeper, the cleaner will be water, but how deeper, this can not say for sure.
After that, the well pumps out - throw the submersible pump and pump out water. Thus, it is cleaned, a little deepening, and besides, it is determined by the flow rate. If you are satisfied, at what speed the water comes, it can be stopped. If not - you need to quickly go through this layer. The soil continues to flush the working pump until this layer is passed. Next dig up to the next aquifer.
If you are satisfied with arriving water and its quality, you can build a bottom filter. It consists of three layers of stones of different fractions that are stacked at the bottom. It is necessary in order for as little as possible alone and sand falls into the water. To work such a filter, you need to put stones correctly:
With such an embankment of fractions, water will be cleaner: at first, the largest inclusions are settled on large stones, as it is up to top.
Copper well, it does not matter with their own hands or brigade, quite dangerous and hard work, especially after the insoles are the first three rings. Buckets need to be pulled out with a winch, gate or block, and they are pretty heavy. There is a risk that the rope can break through or not to withstand the handle. Because of this, you need to follow safety rules:
Precautions are not unnecessary. It is better to rebuild.
After the land work, the installation of the pump and the squabble, which is not less than 2 weeks, can begin the finish work, namely the decorative decoration of the head. Many leave the top concrete ring unchanged. In order to arrange the upper part, you can use a brick natural stone or ceramic tile. Folk masters build small wooden logs, set "cranes" as decor elements, build carved canopies.
Based on the article, in order to independently build a well, first of all, it will be necessary to make sure the aquifers, choose the right place, determine the design and comply with the security technique. The rest all depends on the free time and your skills.
Any person has the word "house outside the city" or "cottage" associated with clean air, fruits and vegetables from their own garden. Almost everyone represents itself lying in a hammock or a chaise lounge away from the urban bustle of the trees with a glass of ice-cooled water. To a great regret, in the village or village it happens that almost the only source of drinking water is a column or the same central water supply. What is the way out of this position? To the question: "How to dig a well and do it right?" This article will help reply.
At the mention of the well, the wells immediately come about how water appears under the layers of the soil. In the ground she falls from the sky, that is, in the form of various precipitation: rain, hail and snow. Rain and melt water only partially flows into the streams, and then into other reservoirs: rivers, streams and lakes. The main mass is seeping into the ground through the porous layers of the Earth and under the influence of a certain gravitational force goes down to a certain place - a waterproof reservoir. The water barrier becomes pressed to almost complete impermeability of the reservoir from the upper layers of the soil: clay, loam and rock rocks. A water pocket "pocket" is formed on this site, if you dig a well (the Moscow region is a great place for this) correctly, the water will come in it.
Although the waterproof reservoir is considered an irresistible resistance to water, part of the fluid is seeping and through it, because it is not a solid monolith. The natural "barrier" has micropores through which water goes to the next formation and so on. Therefore, several aquifers can be passed on one site and at different depths. But for those who are interested in the question of how to dig a well with their own hands, it should not be a problem.
The aquifers in the depth of the occurrence are divided into several types:
What is the well? This is a wide mine achieving groundwater suitable for human use, that is, in a different way, it can be called groundwater. Typically, such reservoirs are no more than 10 meters in depth, but still there are old wells that go to the ground by 20-30 meters.
Wells are of different species, most often allocated shaft or key. The type of structure directly depends on the depth of the aquifer, therefore, before independently dig a well, it is necessary to find out what exactly the depth is this layer in this area.
For the construction of a key well, the main condition is the presence of water keys on a plot that beat from the ground or fall from the slope. On the territory where water will be released, the water structure of the descending or ascending type is placed.
It is believed that the construction of this method is the fastest, simple and cheap method of the well construction. Its depth does not exceed 2 meters. If you compare your well with concrete rings, then the height is completely coincided.
The depth of shaft wells can reach 15 meters, because they are designed for the extraction of deep-water deposits. The design of the shaft well is different. If the bottom of the reservoir is at the lowest level of the aquifer, then it is called perfect. It turns out that the name of the well depends on how to dig a well, and if its bottom only touches the underwater reservoir with water and water goes through the walls of the well, it is called imperfect.
Mine wells and water volumes are distinguished. Perfect structures are needed for large prey and water consumption. And such species as imperfect wells are used to meet small and standard needs in the farm. You can dig such a reservoir of various shapes. It depends on the material from which the walls of the mine will be built. Square wells are formed from bricks and wood, and from concrete rings, respectively, round mines. They are more popular and are suitable for beginner builders who do not know how to dig a well in the country with their own hands. However, this can be learned by reading this article.
You can dig a well with your own hands, although this is a rather laborious process. It consists of two stages:
First, there is a small pita, a depth of about half a meter, the diameter of it is equal to the outer width of the concrete ring. Ring is installed in the pit. Next, the digger needs to get inside and remove the soil in a circle, simultaneously digging and the walls of the ring. The concrete circle under the action of its gravity will settle all below. As soon as its edge comes with the level of land, it is necessary to install the second concrete ring, the process of the coppe needs to continue. For the second ring there is a third and so on. For those who do not know how to dig a well on their own, this algorithm of action will be as impossible by the way.
The standard height of the ring is about a meter, respectively, the construction of such structures will take about 10-15 pieces. To create a more durable unit, it is necessary to fasten all rings with special brackets, which subsequently need to paint with oil paint. The preparation of the pit is completed by the roar of the soil in the aquifer, which is the most laborious work. In addition, the Copki process becomes more complicated by the fact that water constantly comes into the pitual and turns the soil into a liquid mass, which is best to pump off the mud pump.
The worst process is directly to the ground. It is necessary to do this using a shovel with a small cutter, and it is not easy. Plus, near the copillage must be a soil capacity, in particular a bucket with a rope, as it is necessary to remove the soil constantly. Also, there should be a device for constantly arriving water.
How to dig a quick well? This issue needs to be suitable with all seriousness and large responsibility. It is advisable to attach a well to the construction of a well from January to March, when the groundwater level is quite low.
Upon reaching the desired well, it is necessary to equip the filtering pillow of a small fraction of rubble with a height of about 30 cm. This device prevents rapidly pouring the well.
It is important to remember that the bowl of the well is very dirty work. It is necessary to kneel in crude and cold earth, when the pieces of land and water from the constantly rising bucket fall on you on top. We need to measure your strength and remember your health. Some easier immediately hire a brigade of builders and specialists.
With the well - it is important to comply with elementary safety standards, here are some of them:
At the end of all the work it is necessary to arrange the top of the well. Typically, the sheathing of the gloves with wooden boards or logs is done to protect water from pollution. The well can be made an attractive decorative element in the country area, which can only transform it. For example, you can build a house or mill.
Deciding with how to dig a well, you need to stock the necessary tools and devices, here are the main of them:
Swimming is a mixture of sand with clay and small river pebbles. It can spread and float especially under mechanical exposure as ordinary water.
The biggest problem is floating with smoking wells. Therefore, before starting work, you need to know how to dig a well in the floating, as it is unlikely to build a good construction at this place.
The well on the floating can supply water for some time, but it must often be cleaned. In the deepening and cleansing of such a well, the occurrence of concrete rings is possible, since the surrounding sandy soil is sailing and moved.
Water on floating is susceptible to seasonal oscillations, that is, in summer its level can be understood, and in winter it can even freeze, and maybe it is impractical to make a deepening well.
These wells are important elements of external sewage. Therefore, such a problem, how to dig a sewer well, it is quite simple to solve. This can be done both without resorting to the help of specialists whose services are quite expensive.
The following types of sewage wells distinguish:
Material for sewage wells can serve concrete or reinforced concrete, brick and buttone, plastic or wood. The process of work is no different from the cup of storage for drinking water, so it is better to deal with the question about how to dig a well.
Before determining the location of the well, it is possible for some signs to understand that the water store is located at a small depth, here are some signs:
Of great importance during the period of operation of the well has its content, because it must be constantly maintained clean, as it can get different garbage, and this will lead to a deterioration in the quality of well water.
In order to the well, there is no access to a pet, a protective design can be built around it. If for some reason the animal fell into the well, you need to pump water and clean it from foreign items. After that, they necessarily make disinfection. You can use a three-percent chlorine solution, which is added to the water and applied on the walls of the well. After these procedures, the well closes and leave for a day. Then it is thoroughly washed with the walls and again pump out the water until the odor of the chlorine is completely disappeared.
The actions described above will tell you how to dig a well with your own hands, contain it in excellent condition, as well as to provide all the tasty well drinking water.
Let's try to build a well with your own hands and then on your site there will be a permanent source of pure drinking water. How is it right and competently dug, and then equip the well? We will talk about it now.
If you think that the coppe of the wells can be done at any time of the year, then you are very mistaken. If you decide to do this in the spring, when snow is melted and the level of groundwater is at a maximum height, then there is a high probability that in summer water in your well will disappear. Water will go to the lower layers. Therefore, the best time for the construction of the well mine is autumn and winter - at this time the aquifer is as low as possible.
Before starting digging the well with your own hands, you need to know about the depth of the ground on the groundwater site, as well as the nature of the breeds separating the aquifer from the surface. If the neighbors also have wells, then it is easiest to withdraw this information from them. If no no well got a well or you master new lands, then to detect the aquifer, you will have to drill an exploratory well - this is a fairly costly and time consuming method, but it is most accurate.
In addition to the depth of the location of the aquifer, for self-roaring the well, the composition of the soil is important. If this sandy soil - wonderful, dig it will be the easiest thing clay It is more difficult if in the ground many large stones That may arise problems, up to refusal from the whole event.
Which well is better: mine or tubular?
Wells are two types - Mine and tubular. Each of these types is good in its own way, however, if we decided to dig a well with your own hands, then it is important for us to know which of these options it is easier to build yourself. Since we only have to work on our own, it is better to choose shaft well. It is wide and deep enough, but it will not be difficult to pull out the usual shovel - there will be where to turn around. It is this building that looks like most people imagine a traditional well.
well and tubular type - This is another matter. Remember once very popular in the countryside "Column" - this is a tubular well. It is installed where the aquifer is close from the ground, it has a small diameter, and a pump is used to supply water.
The tubular well is made much faster and easier than mine, however, in order to drill a well need special equipment. And we decided to do only with our own hands and a shovel, so we are not suitable for us.
We will dig a mine well!
Before building a well with your own hands, you need to deal with its constructive features. So, the components of the wells are:
How to dig a well with your own hands?
After that, they continue to pinch the bottom of the mine, gradually exposing the ring from above, which gradually themselves will enjoy even lower and lower. This is done until the aquifer opens. Rings are installed on top of each other, and to prevent a possible shift in different directions, additionally fasten them with metal brackets. Digging the wells with their own hands is a little thing, therefore, before you come to the aquifer, it will take at least 4-5 days. An option with gradual sedimentation of concrete rings is the most secure.
You can do differently: first to dug a fully shaft of the well, and after omitting the ring. However, in this case, the likelihood of soil collapse on the one who will be inside the mine. And this is already fraught with dangerous consequences, so it is better not to risk!
Installing a bottom filter
Construction of the aboveground well
It is important to draw the closest attention to the structure of the coherence. This is an important structural element, since during the operation (on average it happens after 3-4 years) the well roof may be a bit. In this case, the self-tapping screws, which are fastened, are spinning, and with the help of the level all is being exposed. The well should also be equipped with a sturdy lid with a lock. It will make it possible to close the mouth of the well and protect the water from getting there dust, dirt, rodents, and will also ensure the safety of children and pets. The gate that serves for lifting a bucket with water is made of a log of about 1.2 m long, and a diameter of at least 200 mm. Over the lack of logs, you can make a gate from a bar with a cross section of 200х200 mm. For this, on both sides of the bar, a circle of any material is applied from any material (for example, a plate) with a diameter of 200 mm, it is reduced with a pencil and cut extra angles with a planer. Further, in the center of each end, the gate drill the holes in a depth of about 10-12 cm in order to insert the axis there and the gate handle. The metal parts of the gate are most likely to be ordered in the workshop, since they are not sold in stores. It is also worth buying 5 piles, of which two are installed on the gate design, and three on the racks. From the side of the handle, the gates put two washers, and the third - on the other hand. The washers will prevent the gate offset and contribute to the long service of the whole well construction.
Now you, possessing all the necessary knowledge, can easily build a well on your site, which will serve faith and truth not only to you, but also to your children, and perhaps grandchildren.
Even if you bought a plot, not counting on further development, but you plan only to break the garden or garden on it, you, in any case, you need to establish water supply. Moreover, water is needed if you build a house on your land. Clean water from a well income with a plumbing is a fact. Surely you are looking for specialists who get rid of you from the need to independently build a well, and then care for it. What do you need to know to start?
Solving the problem of drinking water in the country area can help the construction of a well. Before proceeding with the root of the well, it is necessary to correctly choose a place and have information about how to bury well and the better to strengthen its walls.
The problem of drinking water on the lap of nature is more than relevant. Even if you settled on the shore of an impeccable reservoir, drinking water from it without serious cleaning. And cleaning is money, and even chemistry that will fall into your body. Consequently, you need to either be drilled on the site of the well or dig well.
Think about all this should be ahead, that is, before the construction of construction. The presence of water on the site must be determined at the stage of engineering and geological research, when the soil is checked, soils, determine the depth of groundwater, etc. If the highway passes near the nearest settlement, then it is better to connect to this highway. But if it is not, you will have to globally fall into the bowels and get so necessary water from there.
Our ancestors most often dug in the portions of the wells (sometimes there were several common wells for the village). The well served for many years, delivering clean water, and the owner of grief did not know. Now the situation has changed: in some cases, water from the non-patious groundwater layer does not correspond to sanitary standards, and septic tanks appeared on the sites, and it is necessary to attribute a well from them as far as possible. Therefore, many owners of modern country houses prefer to drill wells.
However, the wells are still suitable. It is a pity that many homeowners seek to equip them with the smallest costs, saving on the professionalism of those involved in this by no means a simple matter. The results are crying: As a result of illiterate works, buildings are deformed on the plot, and concrete rings in the spring are skipped by melting water, which is why from March to mid-June, well water is unsuitable for drinking. It also happens that the owner of the site decides not to spend money on the primary soil examination, and water in a yellow well.
Welcome a well, strictly speaking, at any time of the year, even in winter. However, in the spring, when snow melts, there is a risk of incorrectly determine the required depth of the well. During this period, groundwater is high, and the proper water level in April will be, say, in August, not relevant to your requests (oscillations can reach two meters). Therefore, professionals recommend digging well in the fall, when the groundwater level is the lowest.
The traditional well in a special language is called a mine (a well referred to a tubular well). With a small depth of the waterproof layer (up to 10 m), such a water intake can be built on their own. However, more and more people turn to specialists knowing how to identify the aquifer and determine the nature of the underground tank.
The base of the well - the walls of the mines, which are strengthened either in the traditional way (log cabin of thick logs) or concrete rings. A brick or wild stone laying is also used, but less often. The mine is plunged into the aquifers in such a way that the thickness of the pure, the water in the end was at least one meter.
If wood is chosen to strengthen the walls, then the lower part of the cut constantly in water should be made from rocks that differ in durability and a long service life before the start of rotting is oak, pine, alder, larch, elm. Preparablely small logs with a diameter of up to 20 centimeters.
A more modern way - the use of concrete rings. They need to choose with special care, since poor-quality unarmed concrete may not withstand the loads immediately or begin to collapse already during the functioning of the well. Ring height - from 0.6 to 0.9 m, diameter - 1, 1.25 or 1.5 m, depending on the depths of the mine. Speaking over the Earth part of the well is called the headband, it rises to a height from 0.7 to 1 m. The headband is usually equipped with a breakfast, and it is done necessarily with a fire slope. The break is preferable to climb a stone, brick or tile so that rain and melt water do not fall into the well. With the same purpose, drainage grooves are made in the breakfast.
The concrete ring can weigh more than 700 kg, so when laying sometimes lifting equipment is used. Laying the rings manually and put on each other, and reinforced concrete pipe is formed. At the same time, the soil is chosen from under the first ring, and the rest under their own weight are lowered, gliding along the walls of the cylindrical mine. And so - until the aquifer will be reached.
Lifting the well water Immediateness of centuries was carried out using a gate with a bucket on a solid chain. However, in our time, we prefer to use pumping equipment. Leading manufacturers are constantly improving the pumps already known to the consumer and delight innovations. Modern well pumps are equipped with a float switch and a special grid on the suction line that protects the device from the penetration of possible contaminants. They are protected from moisture: their hydraulic part is made of stainless steel. The volume and pressure of the supplied water allow you to use the pump in the system with a home water supply system.
The maximum depth on which such an assembly can be immersed is 20 m. Cautions Convents: the device should not work dry, the valve on the pressure pipe of the working pump should not be turned off completely. It is also necessary to take into account that well pumps are intended for pumping only clean water, without suspension or fractions.
Water from the well
Before you start a story about wells, we recall what water is underground. Underground waters are three types: soil (so-called leader), ground and interplaste (see Fig.). Soil water is formed at a depth of 0.5 to 2.5 m as a result of a spring flood, heavy rains or melting of snow. Therefore, they cannot be considered a reliable source of water: they can run out, and their quality is doubtful.
The part of the water leaked into the depths of the earth forms groundwater, which accumulate in the so-called aquifer - first from the surface of the soil. Below is a waterproof layer. When the water is locked between two waterproofs, they are called interplaste. Wells grow, as a rule, to groundwater. But the wells are Buryat - already before inter-plastic, water in which is cleaner and preferable for drinking and use in the economy.
Two types of wells are most common: "On the sand", a depth of 35 m, and "on the limestone" - up to 100 meters deeper. If the fountain beats from under the ground, that is, the water goes under pressure, the well is called Artesian (this is quite rare).
The well "on the sand" is to be stuck to the nearest aquifer, as a rule, to a depth of 20-30 m. It consists of a casing of pipes from a diameter of about 12-13 cm and a mesh filter. On drilling sometimes takes only one or two days. The productivity of a similar well is about one cubic meter of water per hour, and it serves as long as it uses it more often. In this case, the well is smaller and therefore it serves longer - it happens to 15 years.
The wells "on the limestone" are clogged longer, and the pipes are wider, up to 30 cm with a diameter. There are more casing, which means that the cost of such work is higher. I note that in different places it can vary greatly, because somewhere aquifer has 40 meters at a depth of 40 m, and somewhere it is necessary to boot up to 100 m. But the productivity of such a well is up to 100 cubic meters of water per hour. Service life - 50 or more years. Cooling is excluded because the aquifer itself serves as a filter.
It would seem, "on the sand" to drill unequivocally cheaper. But if you take into account the period of operation, it turns out that "on the limestone" in the end, it is still more profitable to bury. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the ecological aspect: the aquifers are close to the surface of the Earth, sometimes the fecal water from cesspools, storm water penetrate, etc. The deep well supplies extremely high-quality water, which, after a system of ordinary filters, can be without Drinking.
After the well is drilled, it is advisable to make a chemical analysis of water. The sample is recommended to take approximately after a month of operation - during this time the composition of the water is fully stabilized. According to the results of the analysis, the water treatment equipment should be selected.
Drilling a well need not closer than three meters from the house, but to use water all year round, you need to build caisson at the exit. And already from him at a depth of more than one and a half meters - the depth of the soil freezing in our region is to connect the pipeline and send to the house.
In wells used steel solid-dimensional seamless pipes with a wall thickness of 5 mm. Connect pipes by either welding, or perform a threaded connection. In recent years, plastic pipes are also used. The well is more expensive if the booties account for deeper: more pipes are required and powerful pumps are needed. Some companies sometimes offer lighter galvanized pipes that reduce the total cost of the well. However, with their long-term use, the incoming water can harm health.
In all wells, except for artesian, it is necessary to install pumping equipment. Among the pumps available in the pump market, I will note Italian submersible, made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel. Cheaper and fairly reliable domestic pumps - "Baby", "River" and "Aquarius" (cost in the range of 1500-3000 rubles). For convenience, the borehole pumps can be equipped with automation elements that will create an autonomous water supply system. The pump will be in the well or well, and the elements of automation - in any easily accessible place.
There are already ready-made borehole equipment sets equipped with a cable, control device and appropriate water supply sensors in automatic mode. Such a system automatically maintains the prescribed pressure with a changing flow rate using the built-in rotational speed converter. And the constant pressure in the water supply network, in turn, guarantees the stable operation of home appliances.
Sometimes the well is arranged right in the basement of the house if the ceilings are there at least two meters. This should be a shallow well, which can be drilled using a small rig. A deep well requires the use of large-sized equipment, which in the basement of any cottage will not fit. Drilling work is carried out using heavy machinery, and the land remains on the site, so the well is better to boot before the construction of the house.
In conclusion, I repeat said at the very beginning. In principle, the option of water intake from the nearest open reservoir - stream, lake, etc. It is clear that such a way and easier, and cheaper to grow wells or drilling wells. But, given the modern environmental situation in general, we do not advise you to take water from these places. Saving on digging of mine and drilling, you spend three times more on medicines from diseases that risk purchased.
Fig. Shaft well made of reinforced concrete rings.
Fig. Well well.
Of course, all the above works on the root of the well or drilling of the well must be performed by specialists, and I only gave general information so that you are as a host or customer of these works have been aware and could correctly direct and control the entire process. And who should perform the "well-borehole" work? And what are they?
Cost of kopki wells
Most often in the country areas are arranged mine wells. Their depth usually does not exceed twenty meters. Most often, the walls of the mines are laid out by concrete rings. Nowadays, the cost of the well of the well is not too high, and therefore many of the owners of cottages prefer not to do this case on their own, but hire specialists.
The main complexity during the digging can be included in the composition and characteristics of the soil. Often, when conducting such works, specific layers are found, which is very difficult to pass. This is another reason in order to hire professionals. In this case, such a service is provided as the coppe of turnkey wells.
The question at the same time for the owner of the site may consist only in the price and provision of entry of technology to the place of work. After all, heavy concrete rings, which can be considered the most reliable protection of the pits walls, weigh a lot and are delivered using special equipment and mechanisms. For the cost of the service, of course, the number of concrete rings, which will be established in the pit. Please note the following factors:
1. It is hard to choose the right place for the well, so you need hydrotechnics services. Specialists without any problems will find aquifer with water suitable, and if necessary, exploration drilling will be performed on the site so that you exactly recognize, what is the depth of groundwater and where it is better to equip the water supply system.
I do not advise you to contact this issue to the team of migrant workers. Unlike the Sabashnikov, special firms have the entire necessary tool, so in a short time almost any water supply problems will be helped.
2. It is important that rings that will be installed in the pit had high quality. Oil film on the surface of the water - the phenomenon is not too pleasant. For wells, the material of a special brand is used.
3. It happens that water is already a ready-made well, then its deepening is required. Also on the plot there may be flooded and lime soils.
4. It is no secret that in water from a long-not cleaned well, many pathoral bacteria capable of becoming the cause of various diseases. So, clean and disinfect the well need at least once a year.
The speed of performing such works may depend on the most different factors. First of all, this is of course the composition of the soil. The second important factor in this regard is the number of concrete rings. In one day, usually stacked up to ten pieces. In total, digging well by professionals occupies about two days.
Before the start of work, the area is analyzed, the purpose of which is to determine the most appropriate place to dig a well. Usually companies engaged in the wells of the wells are then hired for their cleaning. This procedure must be carried out periodically, about once every 2-3 years.
At the same time, the more often such an event will be made, the better the water will be. As needed, the construction of structures is also performed.
I will add that you will manage to work on average at 50-60 thousand rubles. (Drain of the well, purchase and laying of concrete rings to a depth of up to 10 meters). Drilling of a sandy well (up to 40 meters) or an artesian well (depth up to 135 meters) You will cost about 1500 rubles. For each meter.
Video.
Any dacket knows: Having your well on the plot is very convenient and practical. Wells in most cases are building migrant workers - people for whom the conductor is just a way to earn. But in Russia, professionals remained in Russia, master of a well, behind the shoulders of which are the long traditions and age-old experience. They know everything about creating real, environmentally friendly wells.
How to choose the right place for the well and ensure your plot with clean water - all the secrets of the masters in the transmission "big rarity" on the TV channel "Male".
The solution to build a well on the country area usually comes in the event that there are no other water supply schemes. Or not the opportunity to invest big money in the drilling of the well. And, as practice shows, even in the age of total energy and electronics from simple wells, dacities did not refuse, because no one has canceled savings yet. Therefore, the question is how to dig a well with your own hands, it sounds quite often.
Well - this is a source of water for the future system of local water supply. The method of its padding, the depth of the mine, the material to which the walls are strengthened, water quality affect the components of the parts of this system. Each of the characteristics helps to determine the specific type, which filters for cleaning should be installed and much more. And considering the fact that the creation of a water supply in a private house is a matter of material plan, independent arrangement of the well will help save money and reduce the overall budget of construction.
That's how the well dig
It is true, however, it is necessary to note that the process of coppe is heavy, sometimes you have to deepen at considerable distances, which means it will have to dig out of the ground not one dubber. But Dachnikov does not stop. So, what methods there are ways to dig a well.
Experts argue that there are two methods of roaring wells: open and closed. The latter is sometimes called "in the ring." Both technologies are very different from each other, so it is worth considering each and understand these very differences.
This option is usually used in areas with clay soil. That is, conditions are needed, in which the walls of the dyed mines were dense and durable and did not give up to destruction in the process of digging the soil.
Control of the size of the Mine Well when Copf
Here is the algorithm of operations.
Open Copki technology
At this, the damning of the well ends, you can proceed to the construction of the water intake device itself. It is very important to enhance the walls of the well trunk. For which you can use various materials: brick, blocks, stone, logs. Today, it is increasingly for these purposes reinforced concrete rings, the benefit of the size range allows you to make a well-diameter well. With them, the process of construction is simplified to a minimum. In addition, concrete rings are durable and reliable products that will serve as much as the well itself.
The technology "in the ring" is performed completely differently. First, it is used on clay soils, and on bulk. More often on the latter. Secondly, only reinforced concrete rings are used to strengthen the shaft walls. Previously, the design was gathered in the form of a church, which was increasing as the lower parts of the structure decreased. Today it makes no sense to use wood when there is a simpler and reliable option - concrete rings.
Technology closed coppe
What is the peculiarity of this version of the well of the well with their own hands. The thing is that the ring is first installed at the place of the future well, and then the soil is selected from the inside. In this case, the ring is sitting in the dug hole. And the deeper, dig, the deeper the reinforced concrete product is seated. But there are other nuances, this is how the structure of the well produces in the way.
Attention! The kershes of the rings on the inside are necessarily processed by protective material. Today, more and more often for this is used primer concrete contact. But the cement-sandy solution can be used.
Soil supply from mine
Digging the ground from the inside rings is also a kind of technology that can be conducted in two ways. If the well is manually made on loose soils, then the central part is selected first, then under the walls of the concrete ring. If the soil is solid or clay, then everything is done on the contrary: first under the walls, then in the center.
And one more nuance of closed technology. The upper last ring is deep in the ground. His part sticking over the Earth will form the headguard of the structure.
It should be noted that the open version of the well of the well is more attractive. He is easier, because to escape the well inside the concrete ring - the matter is not easy. The digger is arched by the walls of the reinforced concrete product, which presses from all sides.
Often, boulders are found on the road. To pull them out of the soil will not be difficult because the stone can be simply plated. If he meets downstairs under the wall of the concrete ring, then remove it from there will be a problem that can grow into impossible.
Boulder in the Mine
At the bottom of the mine when Coppe can be found floating. This is a layer of soil saturated with water. It is very moving and unstable. If the excavator is in the trunk of the future well, which is discharged in an open way, then it is easier for it to close this layer by installing the cap from the boards. Or from them to make a small caisson. If the swimming broke with the coppe inside the ring, its volume is large, then the water seeping will be very difficult. For this reason, a lot of wells were closed, which never finished digging.
But it should be noted that the open technology has its drawbacks.
Attention! If you don't install the rings at the dug-free mine, and it will have a little more than three days, the probability of its destruction increases several times.
Dangerous job
So, returning to the question, how to dig a well, not attracting from experts, that is, trying to save, you can designate two technologies of the coppe. Both are not easy, because everything is connected with a sufficiently large volume of earthworks. At the same time, the soil will rise from the depth, which also complicates the process itself.
But, as practice shows, everything can be done with your own hands, you can make it quickly if we take into account those nuances that were indicated above. At the same time it is necessary to understand that one man does not dig a well. Workers should be at least two people.
Be sure to read the video - how dig a well. It will help visually see how this is done and how complex the operations are.
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