Latin name: Phoenix canariensis
Family: palm (Arecaceae)
Homeland: tropics and subtropics of Africa and Asia
Do you want to have a real living palm tree at home? Then hurry up to buy a beautiful plant with a fully formed crown and varying degrees of growth - the Canary Date. It belongs to the arecaceae family and has a short columnar trunk, as well as bluish-green carved leaves that make this palm light and airy. Her flowers are collected in large inflorescences, the male inflorescences are creamy, and the female ones are orange-yellow, the latter can reach up to 2 meters. Its fruits are small, orange in color and oval in shape.
Little advice... If you have decided to purchase this plant, then do not do it in the winter. With a sharp change in climate (when the date is transferred from the store to the street, then to the house), the plant may lose all its leaves.
A cheerful atmosphere, coziness and harmony always reigns in the premises where the Phenicum Canary is located. This type of palm, like Date Robelena OK cleans the air from toxins and dust, moisturizes it and creates a comfortable microclimate. This has a positive effect on the well-being and mood of office workers or residents. By the way, Phenicia Canary gets along well in any conditions. The main thing that he needs is a bright room and regular watering.
If you decide to buy the Canary Date, think about where to place it... The plant is quite large and very beautiful. It will look spectacular in bright and spacious living rooms, in offices, conference rooms or halls. In general, the Canary Date is suitable even for balconies and loggias. In order for the crown of the date to develop evenly, sometimes rotate it. He easily takes temperature from 10 to 18 degrees, and also grows well in indoor conditions. To water the palm tree follows immediately after the top layer of the soil dries. Ideally, she needs humid air and a temperature of 20 - 25 degrees.
To facilitate maintenance and grow a beautiful and healthy plant, you can buy pots with automatic watering ... The Canary date in combination with the flowerpot will always be in the center of everyone's attention and will make any room harmonious and comfortable. An adult palm tree reaches a height of 140 cm, so it is better to place it on the floor closer to the wall or in the corner of the room. In offices or shopping centers, palm trees are very often installed in recreation areas, near fountains or benches.
The Canary date palm can be affected by the scale insect, the scale insect and the spider mite. If pests are found, I will fight the plant with appropriate chemicals.
Leaves may turn yellow in Canary date if water is insufficient.
Spots have appeared on the leaves - most likely you have waterlogged the soil or there has been a sharp temperature drop.
The tips of the leaves can dry out in dry air.
If your pet has darkened leaves, there are signs of rot - constant stagnation of water in the pot.
The Canary date belongs to the arecaceae family of plants. His homeland is the Canary Islands.
In nature, the Canarian date grows on rocks in arid areas.
For those who would like to start growing such a plant, it will be interesting to get acquainted with the Canarian date description. Grows in the wild up to 16-19 m.
These are resistant members of the family, grow on different soil. It will successfully develop on sandy, lighter, and loamy soil. But it grows best on light loam.
The variety is convenient to grow in urban conditions, as it tolerates soil compaction normally. In countries with a subtropical climate and low air humidity, it grows well.
Palm withstands:
But water must flow to the roots.
The species adapts to both maritime and tropical climates. If short-term frosts down to -9 ° C occur in winter, the plant will survive.
Grows best in the sun, but shade will also grow. Mature plants will survive flooding or drought.
Thanks to these features, it is these dates that are widespread in the world. After all, they can adapt to different conditions. You can also see them in the Caucasus, on the Black Sea coast.
Canarian dates are also grown at home. But the rooms are decorated only by young representatives of the species, in which the trunk has not yet begun to form.
Indoors, they develop normally, and are often used to decorate offices, various public institutions.
There are large thorns in the lower part of the crown. This should be taken into account if there are small children or pets in the house.
Subject to the rules of cultivation, a feathery leaf appears in a year. And in the fifth year, adult leaf plates are formed and the formation of the trunk begins. Each year, its height can increase by 25-28 cm. But young dates in the room grow more slowly.
Lighting
This species loves light and will thrive on the southern window. If this is not possible, you can put the pot in another place in the house. The more light, the faster the palm tree will grow.
In the spring, you can take the container with it to the site, but it is recommended to accustom the crown to bright light gradually. The Canary date palm tree withstands wind, rain, grows well in the air and in good light.
By the end of autumn, wintering is arranged for him. They reduce the temperature in the room, and if this is not possible, then provide additional lighting.
Temperature
At high temperatures, the condition does not worsen, but it is best to maintain 21-24 ° C. If the pot is taken out to the site, the best temperature will be + 28 ° C.
In extreme heat, you need to ventilate the room. In winter, it is desirable to lower the temperature to 9-15 ° C. It is desirable that this subtropical plant rest in winter, but under normal conditions it will develop normally.
Air
It is very important that the room where Canarian dates is grown is regularly ventilated. If the air stagnates, it will adversely affect its condition. It can adapt to different external conditions, but it is better to increase the humidity to avoid drying out the sheet plates at the ends.
After boiling water, spray the surface of the leaves. It is very useful in the heat. If the temperature drops in winter, spraying is stopped for this period. In the summer, there is no need to fear a draft, but in the winter it is better to avoid them.
Watering a Canarian date
Water well in summer when the soil above becomes dry. It is impossible for the liquid to remain in the pan for a long time. If the temperature is lowered in winter, water less, waiting for the earth to dry out to the middle of the container.
But it should not dry completely. Water is used only soft, not too cool, to avoid the formation of brown spots on the leaves.
For Canary dates, care also includes a transplant. To plant such a date, you can buy a mixture designed specifically for palm trees. But a versatile substrate will work too. When the plant matures, more and more sod soil is added to the ground when transplanting.
The transplant is performed only after the roots are completely entwined with an earthen lump. They roll it over very carefully, taking a pot slightly larger than the previous one.
While the plant is young, replant every year or two. After that, the frequency of transplantation is 4-5 years. If the date is large, only the top layer of the earth is renewed. Growers are advised to take a deep container.
Top dressing
Fertilizer is added during the growing season. Foliar feeding will be helpful. It is recommended to use a complex palm mixture that includes the necessary ingredients. Fertilizer is not applied in winter.
In another article, we described a plant called.
Reproduction
The Canary date is propagated by seeds. It is grown using the same technology as the common date.
Diseases of the canary date
Sometimes it affects mealybugs, scale insects. If the humidity is low, the room is poorly ventilated, and a tick appears. If pests are found, it is necessary to carry out the treatment as mono soon.
What a healthy plant looks like can be seen in a Canary date photo. Sometimes problems arise when growing.
The Canary date is also called the Canary date palm (Phoenix canariensis). The family to which the plant belongs is Palmaceae, and its genus is the date. The habitat is the rocky areas of the Canary Islands.
The Canary date is distinguished by its large size. The palm tree is capable of reaching 18 meters in height, and its trunk is 1 meter wide. The trunk itself is straight and unbranched, and is also highly durable. Its surface is covered with stumps, which are the remnants of leaves that have fallen off or died out. Leaves in the amount of 150-200 pieces decorate only the top of the ficus. The length of leaflets with short petioles varies within 4-6 meters. On complex-pinnate leaves of a greenish-gray color, there are narrow and tough leaves, the number of which ranges from 80 to 100 copies.
The cream-colored flowers act as masculine ones, and the yellow-orange ones act as feminine ones. All of them are part of the axillary inflorescences, rather large and branched. By the way, the length of female inflorescences can be about 2 meters. Two centimeter orange fruits are oval in shape, each of them is equipped with a large seed.
The flower needs sunlight all year round, while the rays falling on it should be direct. It must be placed on windows facing south. In summer, the plant will do great outdoors (on the balcony or in the garden).
In the autumn-winter period, the palm tree should be provided with additional illumination through phytolamps. The duration of daylight hours should be at least 10 hours.
Turn the container with the date periodically - then its crown will grow evenly.
While the plant is developing vigorously, the optimum temperature for it will be in the range of 22-25 degrees. If it rises higher, the flower will have to be sprayed more often - otherwise the ends of the leaves will begin to dry out. In winter, it will need to be placed in a cooler place, the temperature in which will reach 16-18 degrees.
A constant supply of fresh air is the main condition for the health of the Canary date. That is why it is necessary to ensure the flow of a slight draft into the room where it is located. In winter, airing should be approached with caution - the plant reacts negatively to sudden changes in temperature.
If the Canary date is in the stage of intensive growth, it will need to be watered as much as possible. As soon as the top of the soil dries out, you can do the next watering. The palm tree equally does not tolerate both too dry and excessively moist soil. In the first case, the leaves will droop and will forever remain in this position. In the second, the young leaves will soften and become pale.
The plant should be watered with soft settled water, the potassium content of which is minimal. In winter, the frequency of watering will need to be reduced.
The air must be sufficiently humidified (50%). To achieve this, the Canarian date must be sprayed regularly. In winter, this is especially true, because the air around the plant is dried by batteries. By placing an aquarium or fountain next to it, you can improve the well-being of the flower.
The flower shops sell ready-made soil mixture for palm trees. When filling such soil in a pot, add a small handful of large baking powder to it (this is what professionals advise to do). If you decide to prepare the soil yourself, take the same amount of turf, humus, compost soil and coarse sand, and then mix all the parts together.
The bottom of the tank should be laid with a thick layer of drainage. Expanded clay is perfect for this purpose.
While the date is actively growing, it must be fed once every 14 days. In winter, it can be fertilized less often - about 1 time per month. In this case, mineral complex fertilizers should be alternated with organic ones.
The frequency of transplanting the Canary date directly depends on the age. If the plant is young, it will need to be replanted quite often (once a year). If it is already mature, the number of transplants can be reduced to 1 time in 3-4 years. If the date reaches an impressive size, it will be necessary to replace the top layer of the soil mixture (carried out once a year).
The age of the plant also influences the choice of soil used for transplanting. So, if it is already an adult, you will need a rather heavy dredge. The use of clay-sod soil makes it possible to achieve its weight.
Fresh seeds are great for propagating and growing a new plant. You can also grow a Canarian date from a stone (provided that the fruit has not been cooked).
The appearance of seedlings should be expected 2-3 months after the sowing has been completed. Immediately, we note that the seedlings grow very slowly. Only after 4-5 years of life, young complex-pinnate leaves will grow on the palm.
Carrying out improper care of the Canary date, you provoke the development of diseases:
Don't buy Canarian dates in winter. By taking it out of the store to the street, and then placing it in the apartment, you create a sharp temperature drop for the flower. This can lead to the death of the leaves. Better to postpone the purchase until the warmth.
Canary date or Canary date palm (Phoenix canariensis) is a perennial plant of the Palm family. Originally from the Canary Islands, but distributed by humans in regions with a subtropical climate. Now it can be found in the USA, Turkey, Greece, Argentina, Portugal, Italy, Spain, France, Australia, South Africa, New Zealand. In the post-Soviet space, it is cultivated on the Black Sea coast, South Coast of Crimea, in the south of Turkmenistan and Azerbaijan, but the article is enlightened about growing in indoor conditions.
In nature, a tall palm tree reaches 10-40 m, and the diameter of the trunk is about 1 m. It is erect, rather strong, dotted with scars remaining after the leaves die off. One leaf blade contains 150-200 pinnate segments. They are always concentrated on the top of the tree with a lush crown.
Male flowers are creamy, female flowers are yellow-orange, collected in a lush racemose inflorescence. After pollination, many fruits with seeds are formed and ripen.
Of course, at home, the Canary date does not bloom and does not bear fruit, since only young specimens are grown that have not begun to form a dense trunk. Growth rates are slow, adding no more than 30 cm in height annually. A full-fledged leaf blade in seedlings is formed within 1 year, the trunk will begin to "outline" after 5 years.
It is interesting to grow the Canary date from the stone, but it takes a long time. A young tree is more often purchased at a flower shop, and it is better to do this in the warm season. In winter, during transportation, temperature changes are sharp (from the store to the street, and then back to the premises), from which the palm tree sheds its leaves.
It is not difficult to cultivate the Canary date in room conditions, you just need to know the conditions of detention (lighting, temperature, air humidity), the features of watering and transplanting.
The Canary date palm is incredibly photophilous, it just needs direct sunlight. Place the plant right next to the south window. With a seasonal reduction in natural light (autumn-winter), it is necessary to use phyto-lamps or fluorescent lamps, extending the daylight hours up to 10 hours.
Rotate the palm tree around its axis every 15 days so that the crown develops evenly.
Keep the air temperature in the range of 22-25 ° C throughout. At higher rates, the palm tree feels quite comfortable, but the tips of the leaves may dry out, the situation can be improved by regularly spraying the leaves. In autumn and winter, lower the temperature to a range of 16-18 ° C.
The palm tree needs regular access to fresh air. For the summer, it is advisable to take it out into the garden or on an open balcony. Ventilate the room regularly, even in winter, but do not allow drafts or sudden temperature changes.
Adult canary date indoors photo
During the period of active growth as the topsoil dries out, avoiding waterlogging. When moisture stagnates at the roots, the young leaves of the date palm turn pale and become soft. The drooping leaves testify to the drying out of the earthen coma. In winter, moderate watering is required, the earthen lump can dry out to the middle.
The air humidity in the room where the palm tree is kept must be at least 50%. In spring and summer, as well as during warm wintering, it is necessary to regularly spray the Canary date from a fine spray. When heating systems are in operation, the air becomes very dry. Place a container with water or a decorative fountain next to a palm tree; if possible, use steam generators or special humidifiers.
For watering and spraying, take purified water (thawed, rainfall, filtered or settled at least a day) at room temperature or warmer.
From early spring to fall, feed your palm every 2 weeks. You can use complex mineral fertilizers or special formulations marked "For palms". Not unnecessary foliar dressing, which is allowed to be carried out no more than 1 time per month, while reducing the concentration of the solution by half.
Palms up to 3 years old, adult specimens - once every 3-4 years. What needs to be done annually is to change the top layer of the substrate.
Wrap the palm tree along with the earthen clod, add soil to the voids, lightly press and water the palm tree.
Plant . They are purchased at special points of sale. If you have a date fruit that has not been cooked, its seed can be used for planting.
Place the date in warm water so that the pulp separates well (it must be completely removed, otherwise mold will form after sowing). Plant in small pots (0.3-0.5 L) with moist palm substrate, one seed at a time, vertically. Water minimally, avoiding waterlogging, the sprout will appear in 2-3 weeks, sometimes in a week. Do not let the substrate temperature drop below 21 ° C.
Seeds from dried date fruits are desirable. Soak overnight to loosen any pulp that has turned into a tough skin. Take a plastic container with a tight lid, put in wet vermiculite, place the seeds and cover. Put in a warm place, add water (literally a couple of spoons each) so that the substrate does not dry out.
An excellent way to germinate seeds in a bottom heated substrate:
After 14 days, it is important not to miss this moment, so as not to break off the sprout when planting. When the sprouts appear, transfer the seeds very carefully into the pots and sprinkle with soil 2-3 cm.
As it grows, a juvenile leaf will first appear, which will develop into an “arrow” with 2-3 leaves. Provide diffused lighting, warmth, and high humidity, and water to a minimum. Keep an eye on the drainage hole - the root should not penetrate through it before transplanting into a larger pot. It is important not to damage the root during transshipment (at first, it forms a single and long one).
A month later, the Canary date can be fed into a permanent pot with a half dose of a complex mineral fertilizer.
When growing dates, Canarian diseases, as such, were not found.
Difficulties arise with inadequate care:
Among pests, the Canary date can be "attacked" by spider mites, mealybugs and scale insects.
Spider mites are small, reddish in color, pest excretions are similar to small cobwebs. The leaves will begin to turn yellow, and small black dots can be seen.
Mealybug - white worms that leave a discharge comparable to cotton balls, the leaves will be curled.
Scabbards are insects with brown shells; they can form rounded dark growths on leaves and petioles.
First, dampen a sponge or soft cloth with soapy water and wipe the leaves. If this does not help get rid of the pests, use acaricides against the spider mite, and insecticidal preparations against the rest. Pests can "migrate" from neighboring recently acquired plants, so "recruits" should be quarantined and monitored for their appearance. Dry air in the room, lack of ventilation, insufficient lighting is a favorable environment for the development of harmful insects, provide proper conditions for the palm tree.
The palm tree in the home is considered by default as a source of well-being and love in the home. As for the Canary date, the plant is also considered a source of abundance, positive energy and protection from adverse circumstances.
The Canary date is also perfect for growing in the office: its energy attracts wealth, good luck in making deals. This palm tree should not be placed in the bedroom, because the too powerful energy of the plant will interfere with restful sleep. Ideal placement - in the hallway or living room, where the whole family gathers. This strengthens family ties and brings the work team together in the office.
