And a substance that is necessary for calcium and phosphorus to be absorbed by the body. What is calcium important for? Of course, primarily for bones and teeth, therefore, calciferol or vitamin D is extremely necessary for infants and older children, so that their skeleton is formed correctly, their teeth erupt, as well as to avoid a disease such as rickets. What is this substance and how to take it correctly - in more detail in the article.
To begin with, it is worth highlighting the types of this element. Most often, two of them are found - these are vitamins d 2 and d 3. If we talk about the first, then a person receives it with food. ? They are rich in:
As for the element d3, its body receives from the sun's rays. Therefore, it is so important to sunbathe, both adults and children. You should not hide your baby at home in warm weather, because a lack of sunlight can eventually lead to a lack of vitamin D, which threatens with serious consequences:
How does a child receive a dose of vitamin D? To begin with, all the necessary substances are supplied to him again, then after birth through breast milk. Therefore, a woman should eat right at this time so that the baby does not experience a deficiency in one or another substance. You need to eat liver, fish, buckwheat and oatmeal, dairy products, egg yolks, potatoes, parsley and dill. When the baby grows up, teach him the right diet.
Sunbathing is also necessary to saturate the body with vitamin D. This does not mean that you need to walk with your child in the very heat, a half-hour walk in the morning or after four in the evening will be enough. Among other things, it is useful to bathe the baby for ten minutes in a bath with the addition of sea salt (only one tablespoon is required). Better to do this twice a week.
In addition to rickets, vitamin D intake should be prescribed for diseases with joints, osteoporosis, fractures, inflammatory processes in the bone marrow, lupus erythematosus, chronic gastritis and pancreatitis. An important point - the drug can only be prescribed by a doctor. In no case do not self-medicate, otherwise you risk not only not solving the problem with, but also adding the problem of overabundance, which is also extremely harmful to the body. About the required doses of a particular drug later in the article.
Normally, calciferol should be 400 IU, this dosage is suitable as a preventive measure (especially in winter) for both children and adults. To prevent rickets in babies, it is enough to consume 625 IU of the daily dose, and if the baby is premature, then 1250 IU. A newborn child should consume 300 IU of this substance. As for the period of pregnancy in women, the amount of vitamin D increases to 600 IU.
If a person already has this or that disease, then the dosage is naturally increased. For example, with rickets, babies are prescribed from 1250 to 5000 IU of the drug, which must be taken for twelve months, with osteoporosis from 1250 to 3000 IU, and so on, it all depends on the specific disease. Everything here is individual and depends on what stage the disease is at, how old the patient is and other factors.
can be prescribed both for internal use in the form of drops, or tablets, as well as as a solution for intramuscular injection. The cost of this substance ranges from two hundred to six hundred rubles, it is dispensed without a prescription. We will tell you more about the most popular vitamin D preparations and instructions for use.
The product is a chewable tablet with three flavors (mint, lemon and orange). The tablets contain: 500 mg of calcium, 1250 mg of calcium carbonate, 2 mg of cholecalciferol and 5 μg of vitamin D3. This medication is prescribed in the presence of hypovinosis, as well as as a preventive measure against deficiency and for bone diseases (osteoporosis). Take it during or after a meal, be sure to chew it. Admission is acceptable both in children (from three years old) and in old age. Dosage:
The course of treatment is also determined by the doctor (usually from a month to two). If necessary, after a break, the course is repeated.
One of the most famous drugs that is prescribed for infants. It looks like transparent drops that smell a little of anise. Children can be given it when they reach the age of four weeks, and the drug is also added to the mixture (if the baby is artificially fed). When is the medicine prescribed? It serves as a treatment and prevention:
To prevent calciferol deficiency in infants, the drug is prescribed one to two drops as a daily dose. If the baby is premature or lives in an environment where there is little sun, then the dose is increased to three drops. If the baby is sick with rickets, then from four to ten drops are prescribed (depending on the specific case, the age, weight of the child, as well as the severity and stage of development of the disease are taken into account). For a pregnant woman, one drop is enough as a daily dose; it takes three trimesters to take the medicine.
This drug has its own contraindications and side effects. So, Aquadetrim can cause:
A newborn child under one month of age who does not have health problems is not prescribed this drug, because side effects may occur to a greater extent. Babies under one year old cannot tell you themselves what is wrong with them, so parents should definitely monitor the symptoms. If the child begins to eat poorly, sleep poorly, then, perhaps, the whole thing is in the drug and it is worth canceling it.
Aquadetrim is contraindicated if:
Read the instructions carefully, familiarize yourself with the composition of the drug and its side effects.
It is worth remembering that any medicine has both contraindications and side effects. And even at first glance, harmless calciferol can also be harmful to health. Each person is individual, therefore, intolerance to this element may occur. Then the following symptoms will appear:
What are the contraindications for calciferol? You can not take it when:
Preparations with vitamin D may contain elements that will be contraindicated for a specific person. For example, lemon or orange flavored tablets can cause allergic reactions, so it is important to choose the right drug for yourself to avoid negative effects.
Remember that vitamin D is essential for the body in both childhood and adulthood. It strengthens the immune system, promotes the proper functioning of internal organs, and prevents serious diseases of the skeletal system. Using this substance in the right dosage, you provide yourself with health for many years. If there are indications for additional use of calciferol, then, in each specific case, a specialist should tell.
The main types of vitamin D. Where is it found. Daily rate, danger of deficiency and excess. Instructions for use. Back in the Middle Ages, doctors were convinced that problems with rickets were solved by taking fish oil. At the same time, medieval healers did not know which element plays the main role in the restoration of the body. Only hundreds of years later it was possible to discover vitamin D, which will be discussed in the article.
What are the features of this substance? What effect does it have on the body? We will also consider the consequences of vitamin D deficiency, instructions for use and a number of other issues.
Studies have shown that vitamins D are synthesized under the action of UV rays in plant tissues and living organisms. In this case, the substance is represented by a group, which includes:
Of the above elements, only two vitamins are most widespread: D2 and D3. Today, it is these substances that have found application in medicine and are actively prescribed in the treatment (prevention) of diseases.
Cholecalciferol differs in that it is synthesized under the influence of sunlight and is taken with food. With ergocalciferol, the story is different - his body receives it only with food.
Additional intake of vitamin D is required for a disease such as rickets, when signs of a substance deficiency appear or in the case of slow development of joints. He is also prescribed in the presence of the following problems:
In medical practice, vitamin D3 capsules are often prescribed for a number of related diseases - hypoparathyroidism, enterocolitis, and others.
It is worth knowing that the appointment of the drug in all the cases described above is possible only after the examination. Only a physician should determine the dosage and make recommendations for taking the supplement.
Despite the versatility of the action, the intake of the elements in question can carry risks for the body. Doctors forbid taking ergocalciferol or cholecalciferol in the following cases:
In some cases, doctors prescribe the supplement with caution, namely:
Vitamin D3 is not always useful for adult women during pregnancy and when feeding a baby.
To rule out a deficiency, it is worth considering the dosage requirements. So, the daily norm of D2 or D3 is 10 μg. If a person is in the sun with a naked torso for at least 3-5 hours during the day, then the body receives the full volume of the beneficial substance. Otherwise, it is recommended to saturate the diet with D-containing food or take additional medications.
In international terms, the ME parameter is adopted, which corresponds to 0.025 mg of a substance. Accordingly, 1 μg is equal to 40 IU, and the daily dosage is 400 IU. At the same time, the needs of the body differ depending on a number of factors - country of residence, age, purpose of appointment, and so on.
Most often, the substance is prescribed in the following dosages:
It is worth considering that when prescribing a vitamin for the treatment of various diseases, the dosage increases:
How to take vitamin D correctly for adults and children, only a doctor can tell. When making a verdict, he focuses on the factors mentioned above and determines the method of administration - tablets, capsules or oil solution.
Vitamin D enters the body along with many foods. Main sources:
It is worth remembering that the main supplier is the skin that synthesizes the vitamin under the influence of ultraviolet radiation.
Many begin a course not knowing how to take vitamin D. This approach is fraught with various consequences for the body due to an excess or lack of a substance.
Deficiency symptoms manifest as follows:
An overdose is also dangerous, which manifests itself:
The body does not always respond adequately to the intake of vitamin D. Side effects in this case manifest themselves as follows:
With prolonged intake of large doses of the element, the risk of hypervitaminosis is high (the consequences were mentioned above).
Considering how to take this substance, it is worth noting the preparations that contain it:
Indications for use:
An important point is adherence to the rules of admission. How to drink vitamin D? The tablets must be taken with food. The permissible age of children is from three years. In this case, the dosage (taking into account age and disease) may vary:
The duration of the course is one and a half months. If necessary, after a while, the course is passed again.
proteinfo.ru
Vitamin D is known primarily for regulating the absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the body. This means that it is with his participation that the formation of the skeleton in children, support of bone and cartilaginous tissue in adults, and the normalization of metabolic processes in bones in the elderly take place. He is also the main protector of children from rickets, and the instructions for using vitamin D are usually well known to many parents whose children are born in winter, when the vitamin is sorely lacking.
It is interesting
Vitamin D is of several types, the most common of which are D2 and D3. The first person receives only with food, and the second enters the body both with food and is produced in the skin under the influence of sunlight. Moreover, the D3 produced by the body in children covers up to 95% of the need, since its content in breast milk is extremely low, and the child does not yet know how to consume foods with vitamin D2.
Due to the fact that it is impossible to walk outside in winter with a naked child (ultraviolet light, necessary for the production of vitamin D in the skin, does not penetrate through clothes or through glass), many babies develop vitamin D deficiency, which develops into rickets with prolonged development.
In addition, vitamin D is involved in many metabolic reactions in the body of both a child and an adult, therefore, the body always needs it, even without any signs of rickets (in other words, do not think that we need this substance only in case of problems with calcium absorption and phosphorus, it is always necessary).
Due to the large number of indications and cases in which it is necessary to take vitamin D, instructions for its use are often necessary for a wide variety of people, from children to the elderly. Let's take a closer look at it further.
Vitamin D in most cases is prescribed to children with rickets, delayed joint development and signs of hypovitaminosis. It is also used for the following problems and diseases:
And also vitamin D preparations are prescribed for some related diseases, for example, enterocolitis and hypoparathyroidism.
For all severe diseases, only a doctor should prescribe vitamin D according to the results of tests and studies. Self-administration in the absence of symptoms of hypovitaminosis is permissible only in prophylactic doses. The doctor must explain how to take vitamin D in this or that case and with this or that drug.
An adult healthy person needs to receive about 10 μg of vitamin D per day, and it does not matter - D2 or D3. If a person spends 5-6 hours a day in the sun with a bare torso, during this time such an amount of vitamin is produced in his body. In other cases, vitamin D must be obtained with food or special preparations.
1 μg of vitamin D is approximately 40 international units (IU), in which it is customary to express the dosage of the vitamin. Accordingly, the daily value is approximately 400 IU, although this value varies depending on the standards in different countries. In these quantities, vitamin D should be taken by adults and children for the prevention of hypovitaminosis in the winter season or with a very strict diet.
For the prevention of rickets, newborns are given 625 IU per day, and premature babies - 1250 IU.
A newborn child needs 7.5 μg (300 IU) of vitamin D per day, and already at the age of six months, the baby's need for vitamin reaches that of an adult. Pregnant women and nursing mothers need up to 15 micrograms of vitamin D per day (600 IU). Each instruction for the use of vitamin D3 takes into account the content of the active substance in a particular drug, and therefore the doses of the drug are prescribed so that in a particular case the patient receives the amount of vitamin he needs.
In the treatment of various diseases, the dose of the vitamin is significantly increased:
The exact dose of the vitamin is prescribed depending on the severity of the disease, the patient's age and the specific clinical case. In this case, the vitamin can be prescribed both for ingestion (with normal functioning of the digestive tract) and for intramuscular administration. In the first case, special preparations of vitamin D can be used for oral administration, or its solution in oil, in the second - only an oily solution of vitamin D, the instructions for which are somewhat different from the rules for using solutions for ingestion.
On a note
Vitamin D is found in all known fish oil, cod liver, sprats in oil, in beef and pork liver and kidneys, in some plant products collected in nature by mushrooms. If possible, it is from them that the vitamin itself should be scooped, and drugs should be used only with an obvious lack of this substance in the diet and a lack of sunlight.
Today there are several of the most popular and frequently used vitamin D3 preparations, the instructions for the consumption of each of which have their own characteristics.
Aquadetrim is perhaps the most famous drug today due to the fact that it is very often prescribed to newborn children. One drop of the product contains 600 IU and provides the daily vitamin requirement for an adult or one-year-old child.
For the prevention of rickets, children are prescribed one drop per day. Before using it, it is advisable to dissolve it in a spoonful of water. Drink vitamin regardless of meals.
Instructions for the use of "Vitamin D3" are similar to those for "Aquadetrim". When administered intramuscularly, the required dose is injected into the thigh or buttocks.
In parallel with the intake, it is necessary to control the level of calcium in the blood.
This medication is available in capsules containing an oily vitamin solution. Alpha D3 is intended only for adults and children over 6 years of age who can swallow the capsule without chewing.
The drug contains not a natural, but a synthetic analogue of vitamin D and is used mainly to combat disorders of the endocrine system. Take 1-2 capsules a day after meals, the capsule must be taken with plenty of water.
The drug Calcium D3 Nycomed Forte is a tablet with lemon, mint or orange flavor, which contains vitamin D3 (daily intake in one tablet) and calcium.
The tablets are chewed or absorbed during or after meals. Used for children over 6 years of age and adults, 1 tablet per day.
There are a large number of multivitamin complexes, which include vitamin D. However, their use is rational only as a general vitamin support for the body during the vitamin-deficient season. The use of such complexes only as a source of vitamin D is unacceptable, since it can lead to an excess of other substances in the body and, as a consequence, to various side effects.
Vitamin D has a lot of side effects, but they appear only with improper use and individual intolerance to one or another type of vitamin. These effects include the following:
With prolonged excess of the dosage of vitamin D, the formation of calcifications in different organs is possible.
Contraindications to the use of vitamin D are:
Each drug with vitamin D3 may have its own contraindications, therefore, the instructions for use of any agent should be carefully studied.
In any case, vitamin D, even if it is in demand, by the body may not be absorbed due to metabolic disorders. Therefore, only a doctor should prescribe it and control its use.
www.vitaminius.ru
Vitamins are companions of a full-fledged human life. It is they, together with other useful substances, that give us strength and allow us to enjoy life, to realize the most ambitious plans. Each of them has its own purpose and spectrum of action. The "vitamin range" is quite large, and D3 occupies a worthy place here; its scientific name is "cholecalciferol".
D3 is one of the few vitamins that the human body can synthesize. True, this requires certain conditions, in particular, the presence of sunlight: it is the main creator of cholecalciferol. There is another way of replenishment: through food. How great is its role and why vitamin D3 is needed, let's try to figure it out.
The human body cannot do without it:
Recently it was believed that the "sunshine vitamin" is needed only for children, because it allows the child's skeleton to form correctly and to avoid rickety changes. However, today doctors agree that it is no less important for adults. Cholecalciferol is available in various forms: tablets, drops, suspensions, solutions for injections, chewable candies. How to use vitamin D3 is calculated individually by the attending physician, depending on many factors.
The female body especially needs it, it is not for nothing that it is often called the "hormone of women's health." To understand why vitamin D3 is so important for what women need it, it is enough to know that during puberty during menstruation, pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding, a significant amount of calcium is washed out of the female body. It is usually involved in strengthening bone tissue. When it decreases, bone fragility increases and characteristic signs of vitamin deficiency occur.
Elderly people suffer no less from a lack of calcium, and especially women who have bone problems, leading to serious problems in the future. To prevent possible problems and serious injuries, it is necessary to regularly replenish the female body with calcium and phosphorus. Moreover, the daily dose of vitamin D3 depends on the state of health and age; indicators are as follows:
The human body is not able to produce the required amount of D3, so we can get some of it with food, but on condition that the menu includes foods containing vitamins and rich in calcium and phosphorus. In significant quantities, vitamin D3 in foods:
The lack of this agent in the body of children turns into rickets. Vitamin D3 deficiency in adults has not so obvious signs, however, the negative consequences can be quite severe and often become irreversible if measures are not taken in time to restore the necessary D3 balance. The lack of a vitamin is characterized by the following symptoms:
The presence of this vitamin element in the body plays the role of a talisman, protecting it from the attacks of cancer cells, skin lesions. Adults, no less than children, need vitamin D3, the benefit of which is to strengthen the immune system, bone tissue, teeth, nails and prevent colds. In adulthood, this is no less relevant than in childhood.
As practice shows, an overabundance is also harmful, as well as a deficiency, and in some cases it may turn out to be even more dangerous. All this applies to cholecalciferol. An excess of vitamin D3 can cause serious poisoning of the body, it does not matter if the overdose occurred as a result of a single or long-term intake of the drug. Overdose symptoms will be:
UPD: The first version of the article was published in January 2018. And in the early summer of 2019, many publications came out with texts that the health benefits of vitamin D were greatly exaggerated (in particular, in the context of the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, type 2 diabetes and the prevention of fractures), and for those with there are no symptoms of deficiency (there are hardly any of these among the inhabitants of central Russia), its reception will be completely useless. In fact, everything is not so simple. If we are talking about vitamin D supplements, then it makes sense to discuss the optimal dosage and another important nuance.
"Of course, there are questions about the dosage of the vitamin in these studies," says the doctor, Ph.D. and researcher Andrey Beloveshkin. - After all, we know how slowly its level in the blood can grow even with the use of high doses, but other explanations are also possible. One of the most probable is the effect of sunlight. " According to the scientist, vitamin D paradox lies in the fact that its level is associated with the effectiveness in reducing the risk of diseases not only directly, but to a greater extent due to a sufficient dose of ultraviolet radiation. In a word, the actual question is not whether to take this neurohormone, but how to take vitamin D. And the answer: it is better with the sun - a little bit every day, but in no case is a loading dose to redness and bubbles on vacation.
Nobody doubts (and if yes, read it) that "sunny" vitamin D is vital not only for the normal construction of the skeleton, but also for the functioning of 2000 (!) genes of the body and the prevention of about 200 (!) diseases. Southerners (living below 37 parallel) can enjoy the sun (finding a balance with SPF protection, of course) and get the vitamin in the most natural way - through the skin. We, northerners, have to delve into detailed articles in order to maintain the required level of vitamin D. So, let's figure out how to properly take this important vitamin.
For determination of 25 (OH) D. When you take a vitamin D test for the first time, it will not be superfluous to determine the content of ionized calcium in the blood. This will help to exclude contraindications to the appointment of vitamin D.
The Endocrinology Association adheres to the following principles:
The thing is that vitamins work according to the principle of priority. What vitamin D is for: it is responsible for phosphorus-calcium metabolism. If your vitamin D level is low, it goes all out for this task. And if you want our hero to also work for immunity, conduct protection against oncology, etc. - the level must be higher.
After analyzing a large number of studies, I came to the conclusion that ideal range 70-90 ng / ml... Larger values can increase cardiovascular risks. The range is the same for people of both genders and all ages.
The official prophylactic dose of vitamin D is 800 U. This amount is necessary to maintain normal calcium-phosphorus metabolism. But to reduce cancer and autoimmune risks, fight obesity, reduce general inflammation (and prevent atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus), the dose should be much higher. In most studies, a dose of 2000 U appears. There is also work, according to which a dose of 5000 IU saves us from cancer and strengthens the immune system. In practice, everything is very individual - someone needs 2000 U to maintain a normal level, someone 5000 U, and someone 5000 U will raise the level of vitamin D above the recommended level. That's why I consider 2000 U to be a safe prophylactic dose... Higher doses may be taken under medical supervision. It is definitely unsafe to take 10,000 U of vitamin D for a long time (more than six months).
The therapeutic dose of vitamin D should be prescribed by the doctor, evaluating the test results: the levels of vitamin D and calcium. In no case no need to self-medicate if you have gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, kidney stones, low-impact fractures, or diagnosed osteoporosis at a young age (under 50).
It depends on you. If you are a responsible patient, do not suffer from memory disorders and are not afraid of pills, take daily. Since you are reading this article, you are that kind of person. For a long time, I had contact with less responsible patients and got used to prescribing vitamin 1 or 2 times a week. Such a scheme will be no less effective. But remember: a single intake of vitamin D should not exceed 100,000 U (according to our national recommendations).
As I wrote above, a one-time appointment should be not more than 100,000 U(except in rare cases where there are defects in vitamin D receptors).
Continuous intake of 10,000 U for a long time is unsafe.
Even a dose of 2000 U (and 4000-5000 and even more so) can lead to an increase in vitamin D levels above the recommended values. Such a reception will not cause overdose symptoms but may increase the risk of cardiovascular complications and renal calcification.
The specified values are valid. for adults only.
Vitamin D itself cannot be allergic. And the drug is easy. Indeed, in addition to the vitamin itself, it contains many other components. If you or your child develops a rash, this is an excuse not to stop taking the vitamin, but to change the supplement. Generally, liquid, fat-soluble forms are less allergenic.
If you have stomach ulcers or gastritis, kidney stones, osteoporosis, or non-traumatic fractures (minimal trauma fractures) under the age of 50, you should only take vitamin D as prescribed by an endocrinologist (even in a prophylactic dose).
Vitamin D should be taken with caution if calcifications are found. More on this below.
Look for calcium in almonds, broccoli, cheese, spinach, and kale, but not milk. Vitamin D is taken together with calcium for the treatment of osteoporosis and for the elimination of some postoperative complications. But such appointments are the lot of doctors.
The average person should know: additional calcium intake is necessary if your diet is frankly low. See what foods contain this mineral. Compare with your diet. Satisfying the daily requirement for calcium - the key to healthy bones after menopause.
After the onset of menopause, the need for calcium with the help of the diet is not easy to meet - this is as much as 1500 units. You also have to take additional calcium.
If you need a large dose of vitamin D, it is better to choose a drug without calcium in the composition. Combinations have a very small dose of vitamin D. Satisfying the need for vitamin D can lead to an overdose of calcium.
The combined intake of calcium and vitamin D is optional. The main thing is that the level of vitamin D is normal. Then the calcium is perfectly absorbed. But if the level of vitamin D is low, calcium should not be taken under any circumstances! Because with low vitamin D levels, hyperparathyroidism often occurs - a hormonal disorder in which the body tries to increase the level of calcium in the blood. If you give him extra calcium, welcome calcifications and cardiovascular complications. Without vitamin D, most of the calcium will be leave the body through the kidneys, instead of being reabsorbed - hello, kidney stones.
Both calcifications in blood vessels and kidney stones can occur when the dosage of vitamin D is exceeded. Therefore, I repeat: I recommend checking the level of vitamin D twice a year and adjusting the dose.
When taking therapeutic doses of the vitamin (to eliminate the deficiency), additional calcium intake is not recommended! When taking a prophylactic dose of vitamin D and a lack of calcium in the diet, additional calcium intake is possible. Preference should, of course, be given to the chelated form, for example Carlson Labs Chelated Calcium or
Taking vitamin D can play a cruel joke when the level of vitamin K in the body is low. The fact is that vitamin D activates the synthesis of the Gla matrix protein, which is involved in arterial calcification. And vitamin K converts this protein into a different form, directing its activity in the right direction.
Therefore, watch out for the presence of vitamin K in your diet! According to the Ministry of Health, vitamin K deficiency the phenomenon is not too frequent, and I would say, not too studied. We will take care of ourselves in this matter, and will not rely on statistics. The main sources are fermented plant foods (such as sauerkraut), liver, eggs, and dairy products. Pay special attention to fermented foods - bacteria produce vitamin K with a bang. In general, if you are not, then you are most likely getting enough of this vitamin from food.
When taking large doses of vitamin D (more than 2000 U), I recommend that you first assess the level of vitamin K in the body. And if it is insufficient, take additional vitamin K. There are good complex preparations:
A deficiency of vitamin D is observed in the body of modern people. D2 supplied with food is not enough, and the formation of D3 requires prolonged use of sunbathing at a certain time of solar activity. Everyone should know when and how to drink vitamin D.
Vitamin D is called calciferol. Deficiency occurs when the intake of phosphorus and calcium is low and its absorption is poor. It does not allow the skeletal system to form correctly, the immune system and the nervous system to work fully. The patient begins to develop irreversible chronic diseases.
Vitamin D is fat-soluble and accumulates in adipose tissue. It also acts as a hormone. Vitamin D fish oil is a natural form to take.
The role of calciferol cannot be overestimated:
The main factors in the development of deficiency:
It is impossible to determine the lack of calciferol at an early stage. The diagnosis is made at the height of the disease. The main symptoms are:
Deficiency can be detected only after a biochemical blood test.
With obesity, Crohn's disease, kidney and liver diseases, after gastric bypass surgery, doctors must prescribe a preventive intake of vitamin D all year round.
There are several forms of vitamin D on the market:
It is easily absorbed by the body in any form. Whichever form is used, it is important to strictly follow the instructions. Consulting a doctor and following the recommendations will guarantee success and reduce the risk of side effects.
Studies have shown that aqueous solutions are better absorbed in the intestines. This is actively used when caring for premature babies - their organs do not produce enough bile to assimilate the oil solution. However, in recent years, the number of allergic reactions and inflammation in the intestines in newborns has increased when taking aqueous solutions.
The most natural form of vitamin D is found in cod liver, sardine, mackerel or salmon. Medical sources indicate that 1 tbsp. l. cod fish oil contains 600-800 IU, and herring 300-400 IU. The leader is salmon - 1000-1200 IU.
The vitamin D group includes:
They can be partially interchangeable, but they are not capable of fully performing the tasks of the "partner".
Form D2 is split into a number of components, the excess of which can harm the body. Form D3 is converted to calcitriol, which resists malignant cells.
Differences between the two forms:
Not everyone knows how to properly drink vitamin D. When determining the dosage and interval of admission, the region, the characteristics of the body and the season are taken into account. For example, women with osteoporosis require an additional 3000 IU of vitamin D2.
The daily requirement of an adult body is 4000-5000 IU. The average person gets about 2000-3000 IU from food and sunlight. For different countries, this value is in the range of 0-11.2 mcg per day. To compensate for the difference, an additional 400-2000 IU is required. But it is worth remembering that the maximum allowable prophylactic dose is 50 mg per day (2000 IU).
Doctors recommend Russians to take 10 mgc every day, but after 60 years, the physiological need increases to 15 μg (MR 2.3.1.2432-08). The duration of the course cannot be exceeded, since an excess of vitamin in the body is undesirable.
Like fish oil, which is better absorbed with vitamin C, vitamin D also needs companions. It is good if multivitamins contain K2, magnesium and zinc.
Mothers do not always figure out how to drink vitamin D correctly for children. They leave out a number of factors that pediatricians are aware of.
The oil solution is prescribed for medicinal and prophylactic purposes during pregnancy. The dosage is selected individually, but in the third trimester it should be 1400 IU. This is necessary to prevent rickets in an unborn child. If antenatal prophylaxis has not been performed, then it is carried out during breastfeeding.
Pure vitamin D is prescribed by pediatricians up to a maximum of 2-3 years. Older children are advised to use complex remedies. For instance, . There are special preparations on the market with a high content of this element due to the mixing of fats of different types of fish.
The physiological requirement of a newborn child is 10 mcg / day. As a prophylaxis for rickets, children are prescribed 600-700 IU per day. The course is required in cold weather, when the skin does not synthesize D3. The need for healthy children under 4 years old is 7.5-10 mcg. At the age of 4-6 years, the required amount is 3 mcg, and then the dose is reduced to 2.5 mcg.
An overdose occurs only when taking an excess amount for several months.
Vitamin D is essential for the proper functioning of body systems. Its deficiency is especially dangerous in children when the body is actively growing and developing. Complex biological supplements for adults and children will help fill the gap.
AQUADETRIM vitamin D3
Colecalciferol
Drops for oral administration 15,000 ME / ml, 10 ml
1 ml of solution contains
active substance- colecalciferol 15,000 IU,
Excipients: macrogol glyceryl ricinoleate, sucrose, sodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate, citric acid monohydrate, anise aroma, benzyl alcohol, purified water.
Transparent, colorless, liquid (opalescence is allowed) with the smell of anise.
Vitamins. Vitamin A and D and their combination. Vitamin D and its derivatives. Colecalciferol.
ATX code А11СС05
Pharmacokinetics
An aqueous solution of vitamin D3 is better absorbed than an oil solution (which is important when used in premature babies). After oral administration of colecalciferol, absorption occurs in the small intestine using passive diffusion from 50 to 80% of the dose.
It is absorbed quickly (in the distal part of the small intestine), enters the lymphatic system, enters the liver and into the general bloodstream. In the blood, it binds to alpha2-globulins and partially to albumin. Accumulates in liver, bones, skeletal muscles, kidneys, adrenal glands, myocardium, adipose tissue. TCmax (period of maximum concentration) in tissues - 4-5 hours, then the concentration of the drug decreases slightly, remaining at a constant level for a long time. In the form of polar metabolites, it is localized mainly in the membranes of cells and microsomes, mitochondria and nuclei. Penetrates through the placental barrier, excreted in breast milk.
Deposited in the liver.
It is metabolized in the liver and kidneys: in the liver it turns into an inactive metabolite of calcifediol (25-dihydrocholecalciferol), in the kidneys it turns from calcifediol into an active metabolite of calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol) and an inactive metabolite of 24,25-dihydroxychferol. Undergoes enterohepatic recirculation. The half-life in the blood is several days and may increase in the case of kidney disease.
Vitamin D and its metabolites are excreted in the bile, a small amount - by the kidneys. Cumulates.
Pharmacodynamics
Akvadetrim vitamin D3 is an antirachitic drug. The most important function of Aquadetrim vitamin D3 is to regulate the metabolism of calcium and phosphate, which contributes to the mineralization and growth of the skeleton. Vitamin D3 is a natural form of vitamin D, which is formed in the human skin by exposure to sunlight. Plays an essential role in the absorption of calcium and phosphates from the intestines, in the transport of mineral salts and in the process of bone calcification, and also regulates the reabsorption of calcium and phosphates by the kidneys. Calcium ions are involved in a number of important biochemical processes that maintain the tone of the muscles of the skeletal muscles, in the conduct of nervous excitement, in the process of blood coagulation. Aquadetrim vitamin D3 stimulates the production of lymphokines.
Prevention and treatment
prevention and treatment of rickets and osteomalacia in children and adults
prevention of rickets in premature newborns
prevention of vitamin D deficiency in children and adults at risk of this condition without pathology of absorption in the intestine
prevention of vitamin D deficiency in children and adults with malabsorption
treatment of hypoparathyroidism in adults
As part of complex therapy
osteoporosis
The dose of the drug should be set individually, taking into account the total calcium intake (both in the daily diet and in the form of medications).
The drug is taken orally with a small amount of liquid.
1 drop contains about 500 IU of vitamin D3. In order to accurately measure the dose of the drug, hold the bottle at an angle of 45 ° while counting the drops.
Prevention of vitamin D deficiency:
Children from the 2nd week of life and adults 500 IU (1 drop) per day
Treatment for vitamin D deficiency:
The dose of the drug is set by the doctor individually, depending on the degree of vitamin D deficiency.
Vitamin D dependent rickets:
Children from 3000 IU to 10000 IU (6-20 drops) per day
Osteomalacia associated with the use of anticonvulsants:
Children - 1000 IU (2 drops per day)
Adults - 1000-4000 IU (2-8 drops) per day
With osteomalacia and osteoporosis, as part of complex therapy, 500-1000 IU (1-2 drops) per day. The dose is determined by the doctor individually, depending on the cause and severity of the disease.
Not observed when used in recommended doses. In the case of rarely noted individual hypersensitivity to vitamin D3 or as a result of the use of too high doses for a long period, an overdose of vitamin D3, hypervitaminosis of vitamin D3 may occur.
hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria
allergic reactions (itching, rash, hives)
gastrointestinal disorders (constipation, flatulence, nausea, abdominal pain or diarrhea)
Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to the components of the drug, especially benzyl alcohol
Vitamin D hypervitaminosis
Renal failure
Elevated levels of calcium and phosphorus in blood and urine
Calcium kidney stones
Sarcoidosis
Antiepileptic drugs (especially phenytoin and phenobarbital), rifampicin reduce the reabsorption of vitamin D3.
The use of vitamin D3 simultaneously with thiazide diuretics increases the risk of developing hypercalcemia.
The simultaneous use of vitamin D3 with cardiac glycosides can enhance their toxic effect (the risk of cardiac arrhythmias increases).
Long-term use of antacids containing aluminum and magnesium in combination with vitamin D can increase the concentration of aluminum in the blood and, as a result, the toxic effect of aluminum on bone tissue and hypermagnesemia in patients with renal failure.
Ketoconazole can inhibit both biosynthesis and catabolism of 1,25 (OH) 2-colecalciferol.
Vitamin D is an antagonist of drugs used for hypercalcemia: calcitonin, etidronate, pamidronate.
Avoid overdose.
Too high doses of vitamin D3, used for a long time or loading doses, can cause chronic hypervitaminosis D3.
The determination of the child's daily requirement for vitamin D and the method of its use should be established by the doctor individually and each time should be corrected during periodic examinations, especially in the first months of life.
Use with caution in immobilized patients, in patients taking thiazide diuretics, in patients with urolithiasis, as well as in patients with heart disease and taking cardiac glycosides.
Do not use high doses of calcium supplements simultaneously with vitamin D3.
Vitamin D should not be taken with pseudohypoparathyroidism, as in this disease the need for vitamin D may be reduced, which can lead to the risk of prolonged overdose.
Treatment is carried out under periodic monitoring of the level of calcium and phosphorus in the blood and urine.
As part of the drug benzyl alcohol, an anaphylactoid reaction is possible.
Vitamin D should be administered with extreme caution in newborns with a small anterior fontanelle.
Pregnancy and lactation period
Should not be used in high doses in pregnant women, due to the possible teratogenic effect in case of overdose (very high doses during pregnancy are probably the cause of dementia and congenital heart defects in children)
Vitamin D3 should be prescribed with caution during lactation, since the drug, taken in high doses by the mother, can cause symptoms of an overdose in the child.
Features of the effect of the drug on the ability to manage
vehicle or potentially dangerous machinery
Does not affect
An overdose of vitamin D3 can be observed as a result of the use of high doses of the drug.
Symptoms: hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, kidney calcification, bone damage, cardiovascular disorders. Hypercalcemia occurs after prolonged use of vitamin D in doses of 50,000-100,000 IU / day. In case of an overdose of the drug, the following develop: muscle weakness, lack of appetite, nausea, vomiting, constipation, severe thirst, dry mouth, polyuria, lethargy, conjunctivitis, photophobia, pancreatitis, weight loss, increased sweating, skin itching, watery discharge from the nose, hyperthermia decreased libido, depression, psychotic disorders, hypercholesterolemia, increased transaminase activity, arterial hypertension, heart rhythm disturbances, uremia, headache, muscle and joint pain, weight loss, renal dysfunction, nephrolithiasis.
Treatment: drug withdrawal, drinking plenty of fluids, symptomatic therapy. There is no specific antidote.
10 ml in dark glass vials, sealed with polyethylene dropper stoppers and plastic screw caps with a "first opening" guarantee ring.
Each bottle, together with the approved instructions for medical use in the state and Russian languages, is placed in a cardboard box.
Store in a dark place at a temperature of 5 ° C to 25 ° C. Keep out of the reach of children!
After the first opening of the package, the shelf life is 6 months.
Do not use after the expiration date.
Without recipe
Name and country of the organization - manufacturer
Medana Pharma JSC, Poland
Name and country of the owner of the marketing authorization
"Khimfarm" JSC, Republic of Kazakhstan
Name and country of the organization - packer
Medana Pharma JSC, Poland
The address of the organization that accepts claims from consumers on the quality of products (goods) on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan
JSC "Khimfarm", Shymkent, Republic of Kazakhstan,
st. Rashidova, 81
Phone number 7252 (561342)
Fax number 7252 (561342)
E-mail address [email protected]
